CN112118588A - Pilot frequency communication method for wireless network external terminal and wireless network internal equipment - Google Patents
Pilot frequency communication method for wireless network external terminal and wireless network internal equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN112118588A CN112118588A CN201910535838.3A CN201910535838A CN112118588A CN 112118588 A CN112118588 A CN 112118588A CN 201910535838 A CN201910535838 A CN 201910535838A CN 112118588 A CN112118588 A CN 112118588A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
- H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B17/00—Monitoring; Testing
- H04B17/30—Monitoring; Testing of propagation channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0048—Allocation of pilot signals, i.e. of signals known to the receiver
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
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- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pilot frequency communication method of a wireless network external terminal and a wireless network internal device, which comprises a signal transmitting method of an external terminal as a transmitter and a signal receiving method of a certain network device in a wireless network as a receiver. According to the communication method, the device in the wireless network keeps detecting the communication frequency in the network and the designated external communication frequency in the active period, so that the communication from the external terminal to the terminal in the network can be completed quickly, and the communication efficiency is improved. The invention also discloses a wireless device of the pilot frequency communication method between the wireless network external terminal and the wireless network internal device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication, relates to a method for communicating an external terminal with equipment in a wireless network, and particularly relates to a method for realizing communication on a plurality of frequencies by detecting lead codes on different frequencies according to a specified rule.
Background
With the increasing miniaturization and low power consumption of wireless communication devices, the diversification of portability and usage scenarios thereof brings more and different requirements on the usage modes of wireless functions, the simplest communication mode is that two wireless devices directly perform device-to-device communication, and a higher-level mode is that a plurality of wireless devices are connected according to different topological structures to realize a networked operation mode.
Fig. 1 illustrates an example in which a plurality of devices are operated by forming a network through wireless interconnection, wherein a dotted line indicates that wireless communication can be established between low-power wireless devices. Through a suitable network protocol, wireless devices distributed at different positions can communicate with each other, and transmit data to a gateway device in a wireless forwarding manner, and related technologies can refer to ZigBee (ZigBee Specification, ZigBee Document 053474r6, Version 1.0) or Thread (Thread Stack Fundamentals, Version 2.0) standards.
In consideration of cost, power consumption, design complexity, and other factors, the radio frequency of a low power consumption wireless device generally uses a half-duplex operation mode, that is, the radio frequency can only be in one of two states of transmission or reception when operating. Therefore, most low power consumption wireless protocols are designed on the premise that both communication parties are at the same wireless frequency. In a wireless communication system, there are two general ways to select a radio frequency, one is a frequency division multiple access system and the other is a frequency hopping communication system. For frequency division multiple access systems, the wireless devices most often operate on a designated frequency, such as the common WIFI network. The WIFI gateway periodically sends a network access signal at a determined frequency, the terminal equipment monitors at a specified frequency, once the network access signal is received at a certain frequency, a network access request is carried out, the network access process is completed, and then normal network communication is started. In a frequency hopping system, wireless devices communicate with each other following a prescribed frequency hopping sequence on a frequency specified by a specified time slot, and then communicate next on a next frequency in a next time slot, such as bluetooth devices and devices conforming to the IEEE802.15.4E standard.
In a ZigBee network, when a network coordinator (i.e. a gateway device) determines a radio frequency, devices that subsequently join the network all operate on the same radio frequency. A wireless device acting as a router will continue to listen on the designated frequency, receive wireless signals, and then forward the information. The wireless device as a terminal either initiates wireless communication or enters a dormant state as required by the application. Unlike wired communication devices, the rf environment is susceptible to interference from environmental factors, so most wireless communication protocols are designed to be interference-resistant. For example, in the ZigBee protocol in the home domain, when a wireless device detects that there is a possibility of interference, all devices in the network are required to change the operating frequency according to a specified rule. The bluetooth protocol is implemented by dividing the whole communication into different frequencies by using a high-speed frequency hopping mode. In this case, the entire system may be considered as a whole. The protocol-managed device as a part of the whole can complete the normal communication flow. However, if a third party device not belonging to the system needs to communicate with a local part of the system, no opportunity for communication can be found, such as the situation illustrated in fig. 2.
Fig. 2 illustrates a typical usage of a sensor network, which is designated by a gateway at initialization and operates at frequency F1. After working for a period of time, all the network devices change the working frequency to Fn according to the requirement of the gateway device for the reason of resisting interference. At this point an external terminal device is now close to the in-network device a and needs to request sensor data of device a. Because the external device is temporarily used, the external device does not know the current operating frequency of the sensor network, and because the sensor network device can only communicate in a wireless manner, the data request cannot be completed.
If the communication within the system is frequency hopping, similar to the bluetooth protocol, then it becomes technically more difficult for the external device to temporarily want to communicate with the system device. Referring to fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of a wireless ad hoc network, network devices 1,2,3,4 and gateway devices are deployed at different locations, and each device can only communicate with the nearest device, i.e., the gateway device communicates with network devices 1,2, and network devices 3,4 are out of the direct communication range of the gateway, and network devices 1,2 can communicate with network devices 3,4, and the communication between the gateway and network devices 3,4 requires forwarding by network device 1 or 2, and vice versa.
After the initialization is completed, all the in-network devices perform in-network communication process in a synchronous frequency hopping communication mode. There are many possibilities for the frequency hopping sequence, for example, the same frequency hopping sequence may be used between the gateway and the network device 1, and between the network device 1 and the network device 3. Completely different hopping sequences may be used between the gateway and the network device 2, and between the network device 2 and the network device 4. The manner in which the hopping sequence is specified can be accomplished by different protocols during initialization. Difficulties are encountered when an external terminal device temporarily needs to communicate with devices within the frequency hopping network. First, each of the devices in the network switches the operating frequency synchronously according to a specified time slot. The external device cannot obtain the time slot information without synchronizing with the network. The external terminal may also choose to synchronize with the device in the network before performing communication, but a large time overhead is generated, resulting in a very poor user experience.
Secondly, even if the external terminal and a device in a network complete the time and frequency synchronization and acquire the frequency hopping sequence of the synchronization device, when the external terminal moves to the vicinity of other devices in the network, the acquired frequency hopping sequence may be invalid, and the synchronization process needs to be executed again to acquire the synchronization information of new nearby devices again, thereby further increasing the communication overhead.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention provides a pilot frequency communication method between an external terminal of a wireless network and a device in the wireless network, which can still realize communication with the device in the wireless network quickly under the condition that the external terminal does not know the internal communication frequency of the wireless network.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the solution of the invention is:
a pilot frequency communication method of a wireless network external terminal and a wireless network internal device comprises a signal transmitting method of the external terminal as a transmitter and a signal receiving method of a certain network device in the wireless network as a receiver;
the signal transmitting method comprises the following steps:
step a1, calculating the work cycle of the receiver;
a2, setting the lead code sending time not less than the receiver work period, and adding the lead code before the wireless data content to be sent; the optimal selection is that the lead code sending time is 2 times of the work period of the receiving party;
a step a3 of transmitting the radio signal obtained in the step a2 at a specific frequency;
the signal receiving method comprises the following steps:
b1, monitoring a channel F1, receiving data if a lead code is monitored, otherwise, turning to b2 after the time length P1 is reached;
step b2, switching the listening channel F2, and repeating the step b1 until all channels are listened to;
and b3, judging whether there is an inactive period, if so, selecting the inactive period task with the duration length of P2, then turning to the step b1, and if not, directly turning to the step b 1.
In the step a1, the method for calculating the duty cycle of the receiver is as follows: according to the time length P1 for the receiver to listen to one channel, the number n of the listening channels and the length P2 of the inactive period, a working period T of the receiver is calculated by using a formula T-n-P1 + P2, wherein the working period is the sum of the minimum listening period and the duration of the inactive period of the receiver, and if the inactive period does not exist, the working period is the minimum listening period of the receiver.
Before the step b1, the method further includes the steps of prioritizing all listening channels of the receiver, and sequencing and listening according to the priority descending order of F1, F2 and ….
The wireless device of the pilot frequency communication method of the wireless network external terminal and the wireless network internal device comprises a radio frequency receiving module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital demodulation module, a channel decoding module, a frame restoring module, a lead code interception strategy execution unit, a storage unit, a timing unit, a framing module, a channel coding module, a digital-to-analog conversion module and a radio frequency transmitting module, wherein the storage unit is used for storing a lead code mode and interception frequency; when the radio frequency receiving module is used as a receiving party, the timing unit is used for generating a periodic signal, and the radio frequency receiving module acts according to the periodic signal; the radio frequency receiving module is used for receiving wireless signals, sending the wireless signals to the analog-to-digital conversion module for analog-to-digital conversion, sending the wireless signals to the lead code interception strategy execution unit after sequentially passing through the digital demodulation module and the channel decoding module, judging whether lead codes exist or not by the lead code interception strategy execution unit, controlling the channel coding module to send the received signals to the frame restoration module if the lead codes exist, recovering data and reporting the signals to an upper computer, and not operating if the lead codes do not exist; when the system is used as a transmitter, the framing module frames data sent by an upper computer, the preamble code interception strategy execution unit provides preamble code length, the channel coding module forms transmission content, and the transmission content sequentially passes through the digital modulation module and the digital-to-analog conversion module and is transmitted by the radio frequency transmission module.
After the scheme is adopted, the invention can provide a quick intervention method for a third party except for communication in a network for a wireless network, for example, in an urban environment sensor network based on a centerless self-organizing protocol, if a certain sensing terminal needs to be reconfigured on site, because the communication frequency can be frequently changed due to anti-interference in the sensor network, a handheld terminal carried by a field configuration person needs a long time to synchronize the previous sensor terminal, and then communication is carried out; the consumption of time and energy is great if each sensor terminal is to be synchronously re-communicated. By adopting the scheme provided by the invention, as long as the sensor terminal is set to keep detecting the in-network channel and the appointed external communication channel in the active period, the communication from the external terminal to the in-network terminal can be rapidly completed, and the communication efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a wireless network formed by wireless connections;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an external terminal requesting data from a device within a wireless network in a frequency division multiple access system;
fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an external terminal requesting data from a device within a wireless network in a frequency hopping communication system;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a receiver performing preamble detection at frequencies F1, F2;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a demodulated signal after a preamble has been detected;
fig. 6 is a timing diagram of preamble transmission and detection;
fig. 7 is a wireless transmitter operational flow diagram;
FIG. 8 is a receiver operation flow diagram;
fig. 9 is a wireless communication hardware framework diagram.
Detailed Description
The technical solution and the advantages of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention designs a low-power consumption multi-frequency receiving mechanism for a wireless chip by a method of combining hardware and software. Generally, a wireless signal includes two parts: a preamble and a data signal. The preamble is a continuous signal with a simple fixed content, and is used for a communication receiver to determine whether a wireless communication is about to occur. After the receiver of the receiving party analyzes the signal which accords with the lead code rule, the lead code is continuously tracked until the data signal appears, and then the data signal is analyzed until the communication is finished. If the listening to the preamble is always performed on one frequency, both communicating parties must work on one frequency. But if the listening to the preamble can be done on multiple frequencies, the receiver can receive on different frequencies.
As shown in fig. 4, the receiver first listens on frequency F1 for a period of time, starting at T1 and ending at T2, the length of time being P1. If the existence of any preamble is not sensed, the frequency is switched to F2, and the preamble sensing is continued for a period of P1. If no preamble is sensed at frequency F2, an optional inactive period is entered for a time period of 0 to P2. During the inactive period, the wireless device may enter a sleep state to save power consumption. The period of inactivity is an option, and if the time length is 0, the receiver does not stop working, but switches back and forth at different frequencies to perform preamble listening.
If the receiver finds the preamble exists in the preamble interception process, the receiver enters the receiving process, as shown in fig. 5, if the receiver intercepts the preamble in the preamble detection, the receiver starts to track the signal, demodulates the wireless signal by using the demodulator, and reports the preamble of the upper computer to detect the event. And after the data demodulation is finished, entering a preamble detection process again or executing a non-active period task.
The receiver can simultaneously check a plurality of channels by using the mode of cyclically detecting the preamble. But requires additional time consumption for the transmitter to increase the length of the transmission preamble compared to conventional communication schemes. The transmitter operates as shown in fig. 6, in which the wireless receiving device performs preamble detection continuously at frequencies F1 and F2, and the time length of each preamble detection is P1. The wireless transmitting device initiates communication on frequency F2. Since the wireless transmitting device does not know whether the wireless receiving device listens on the frequency F1 or F2 when it starts transmitting the preamble, the length of the preamble transmission time must be longer than 2P1 to ensure that the wireless receiving device can detect the preamble. When the lead code of the wireless transmitting equipment is detected, the wireless receiving equipment enters a signal demodulation state, and the process of continuously monitoring the lead code is not returned again until the signal reception is finished. If the wireless receiving device has a sleep function, i.e., an inactive period, and the period length is P2, the wireless transmitting device must guarantee that the transmission length of the preamble is greater than 2P1+ P2.
Some systems treat multiple frequencies equally, and the wireless receiver will see frequency F1 or F2 as the same effect. Some systems need to be treated differently, for example, in fig. 2, communication between low-power-consumption wireless devices has a higher priority, while communication initiated by an external device temporarily has a lower priority, and at this time, the wireless receiver needs to specify an interception order at a wireless frequency, so that the purposes of preferentially implementing internal communication and considering external communication can be ensured.
In the communication process, the operation flow chart of the wireless transmitter is as shown in fig. 7, after the wireless transmitter prepares to initiate communication, a receiver preamble sensing period is first calculated, and then a total required preamble length is calculated according to the number of the receiver sensing channels and the time length of the inactive period. And the lead codes meeting the requirements are added to the wireless data content and then are sent to a modulator together, and the lead codes are transmitted through radio frequency to finish the communication.
As shown in fig. 8, after the receiver starts to enter the work flow, it is first determined whether the listening sequence needs to be arranged, and according to the requirement, the important frequency is arranged to be listened before, which is defined as Fmin, and the last listened frequency is defined as Fmax. After entering the preamble listening process, if the preamble is listened, the data receiving process is entered. If not, wait until the P1 period expires. After the expiration, if the next frequency is not the last listening frequency, switching to the next frequency to continue listening. If it is the last listening frequency already, it is checked if there is an inactive period present. If there are periods of inactivity, the system may select the period of inactivity task, with duration P2. And after the inactive period task is completed, the preamble code interception is restarted. If there is no inactivity period, the preamble listening process is directly restarted from the frequency Fmin.
The method for monitoring multiple frequencies provided by the invention needs a wireless receiving system to have chip-level real-time signal detection and channel switching. If the radio frequency detection result is returned to the upper computer every time according to the working mode of a common radio frequency plus host computer and then an instruction is issued, a long time delay is generated, and the correct lead code monitoring result is lost. Therefore, the invention proposes to add a special processing logic unit on a digital signal processing chip (DSP) and use a software radio mode to complete the workflow.
In fig. 9, since the software radio itself has a processing and storage unit, the pattern of the preamble and the order of the listening frequency can be stored before the channel detection starts. When the detection process is started, a periodic signal is generated by the timing unit, including a detection period P1 and an inactive period P2. In the preamble detection stage, the signals collected by the radio frequency receiving are transmitted to the preamble interception strategy execution unit after channel decoding. If the preamble pattern is not met, listening continues until the detection period expires and the system switches to the next frequency. If all frequencies are detected, other tasks are performed, such as sleeping, or detection is resumed, depending on the definition of the period of inactivity. If the signals are detected to accord with the lead code mode, the channel decoding module is informed, the signals collected later are delivered to the frame restoring module to restore the data signals, and finally the data signals are delivered to the upper computer.
For the transmission process, after the upper computer sends the data to the DSP, the framing process is completed firstly, then the correct preamble length is obtained from the preamble interception strategy execution unit, and then the data is delivered to the channel coding module to form complete transmission content. The digital modulation module, the analog-to-digital conversion module and the radio frequency transmitting module finish the transmitting process at the appointed frequency.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A pilot frequency communication method between a wireless network external terminal and a wireless network internal device is characterized in that: the method comprises a signal transmitting method of an external terminal as a transmitter and a signal receiving method of a certain network device in a wireless network as a receiver;
the signal transmitting method comprises the following steps:
step a1, calculating the work cycle of the receiver;
a2, setting the lead code sending time not less than the receiver work period, and adding the lead code before the wireless data content to be sent;
a step a3 of transmitting the wireless signal obtained in the step a 2;
the signal receiving method comprises the following steps:
b1, monitoring a channel F1, receiving data if a lead code is monitored, otherwise, turning to b2 after the time length P1 is reached;
step b2, switching the listening channel F2, and repeating the step b1 until all channels are listened to;
and b3, judging whether there is an inactive period, if so, selecting the inactive period task with the duration length of P2, then turning to the step b1, and if not, directly turning to the step b 1.
2. The communication method of claim 1, wherein: in the step a1, the method for calculating the duty cycle of the receiver is as follows: and calculating the working period T of the receiving party by using a formula T-n-P1 + P2 according to the time length P1 for the receiving party to listen to one channel, the number n of the listening channels and the length P2 of the inactive period.
3. The communication method of claim 1, wherein: before the step b1, the method further includes the steps of carrying out priority ordering on all listening channels of the receiver, and carrying out listening according to descending order of priority of the order of F1, F2 and ….
4. A wireless device according to claim 1, wherein the wireless device comprises: the system comprises a radio frequency receiving module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a digital demodulation module, a channel decoding module, a frame restoring module, a lead code interception strategy execution unit, a storage unit, a timing unit, a framing module, a channel coding module, a digital-to-analog conversion module and a radio frequency transmitting module, wherein the storage unit is used for storing a lead code mode and interception frequency; when the radio frequency receiving module is used as a receiving party, the timing unit is used for generating a periodic signal, and the radio frequency receiving module acts according to the periodic signal; the radio frequency receiving module is used for receiving wireless signals, sending the wireless signals to the analog-to-digital conversion module for analog-to-digital conversion, sending the wireless signals to the lead code interception strategy execution unit after sequentially passing through the digital demodulation module and the channel decoding module, judging whether lead codes exist or not by the lead code interception strategy execution unit, controlling the channel coding module to send the received signals to the frame restoration module if the lead codes exist, recovering data and reporting the signals to an upper computer, and not operating if the lead codes do not exist; when the system is used as a transmitter, the framing module frames data sent by an upper computer, the preamble code interception strategy execution unit provides preamble code length, the channel coding module forms transmission content, and the transmission content sequentially passes through the digital modulation module and the digital-to-analog conversion module and is transmitted by the radio frequency transmission module.
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