CN112118584A - Gateway, LoRa network system, gateway operation method and storage medium - Google Patents
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- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
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Abstract
The invention provides a gateway, a LoRa network system, a gateway operation method and a storage medium, which belong to the technical field of the Internet of things, and specifically comprise a gateway unit, a LoRaWAN communication data receiving unit and a LoRaWAN communication data receiving unit, wherein the LoRaWAN communication data carries message information sent to a terminal node; the data processing unit is used for converting message information in the LoRaWAN communication data into a LoRa message which is sent to the terminal node through pingslot; the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring a node address corresponding to the terminal node from the LoRaWAN communication data and acquiring beacon time from the gateway unit; the time slot calculating unit is used for calculating a pingslot time slot corresponding to the LoRa message according to the beacon time and the node address; and the message sending unit is used for establishing a LoRa message queue sent to the terminal node based on the pingslot time slot. By the processing scheme, the load of the server is reduced, and the access number of the terminal nodes is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of Internet of things, in particular to a gateway, an LoRa network system, a gateway operation method and a storage medium.
Background
The internet of things is more and more deeply developed, the network is more and more huge, the application is more and more abundant, and more terminal nodes are accessed. According to different practical applications, the LoRaWAN divides the terminal equipment into three types of A/B/C, ClassA is bidirectional communication terminal equipment, downlink communication of a server can only be carried out after uplink communication of the terminal equipment, and only two downlink time windows are provided, ClassB is bidirectional communication terminal equipment with a preset receiving window, and when the preset receiving window arrives, uplink communication of the terminal equipment is not needed, and the server can also carry out downlink communication. ClassC is a two-way communication terminal device with the most receive windows, which the terminal device keeps open, but closes only at the time of transmission.
The LoRaWAN protocol is a low-power-consumption wide-area internet of things protocol, and can perform city-level network deployment, but if a bottleneck exists in resources or processing capacity of a certain point in the system, the performance and stability of the whole network system are affected. At present, the PINGSOT time slot of CLASSB of the LORA system is calculated through a server and terminal nodes, the PINTSOT time slot needs to be calculated once every beacon time, and data sent by all the terminal nodes needs to be gathered to the server for processing.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, in order to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a gateway, an LoRa network system, a gateway operation method, and a storage medium, which reduce the load of a server and increase the number of accesses of terminal nodes.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a gateway comprising: the gateway unit is used for receiving LoRaWAN communication data sent by the server, wherein the LoRaWAN communication data carries message information sent to the terminal node; the data processing unit is used for converting message information in the LoRaWAN communication data into a LoRa message which is sent to the terminal node through pingslot; the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring a node address corresponding to the terminal node from the LoRaWAN communication data and acquiring beacon time from the gateway unit; the time slot calculating unit is used for calculating a pingslot time slot corresponding to the LoRa message according to the beacon time and the node address; and the message sending unit is used for establishing a LoRa message queue sent to the terminal node based on the pingslot time slot.
In one embodiment, the gateway unit includes a gateway acquisition module and a processing reporting module, and the gateway acquisition module acquires a CPU dominant frequency, a memory, and a traffic of a gateway; and the processing connection module receives LoRaWAN communication data sent by the server according to the CPU main frequency, the memory and the service volume.
In one embodiment, the data processing unit stores the LoRaWAN communication data and the LoRa packet in an associated manner.
In one embodiment, the gateway unit obtains sent LoRaWAN communication data sent by the server, and the data processing unit searches for a LoRa message to be sent corresponding to the sent LoRaWAN communication data; and the message sending unit deletes the corresponding LoRa message to be sent from the LoRa message queue.
In one embodiment, the message sending unit further receives message state information fed back by the terminal node; and the gateway unit sends the message state information to the server.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a LoRa network system, which comprises a terminal node, a server and the gateway connected between the terminal node and the server.
In another aspect, the present invention further provides a gateway operation method, including: receiving LoRaWAN communication data sent by a server, wherein the LoRaWAN communication data carries message information sent to a terminal node; converting message information in the LoRaWAN communication data into a LoRa message which is sent to the terminal node through a pingslot; acquiring a node address corresponding to the terminal node from the LoRaWAN communication data, and acquiring beacon time from the gateway unit; calculating a pingslot time slot corresponding to the LoRa message according to the beacon time and the node address; and establishing a LoRa message queue sent to the terminal node based on the pingslot time slot.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method described above.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the gateway can dynamically calculate the PINGSLOT time slot, thereby reducing the processing pressure of the server, fully utilizing the processing resources of the gateway, improving the access amount of the LoRa network and being beneficial to the development of the LoRa network.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is an application scenario diagram of an LoRa network system in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic architecture diagram of an LoRa network system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a gateway in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 shows the contents of the LoRa message in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of the LoRa network system in the embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for operating a gateway according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The embodiments of the present disclosure are described below with specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present disclosure will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure in the specification. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely illustrative of some, and not restrictive, of the embodiments of the disclosure. The disclosure may be embodied or carried out in various other specific embodiments, and various modifications and changes may be made in the details within the description without departing from the spirit of the disclosure. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments disclosed herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It is noted that various aspects of the embodiments are described below within the scope of the appended claims. It should be apparent that the aspects described herein may be embodied in a wide variety of forms and that any specific structure and/or function described herein is merely illustrative. Based on the disclosure, one skilled in the art should appreciate that one aspect described herein may be implemented independently of any other aspects and that two or more of these aspects may be combined in various ways. For example, an apparatus may be implemented and/or a method practiced using any number of the aspects set forth herein. Additionally, such an apparatus may be implemented and/or such a method may be practiced using other structure and/or functionality in addition to one or more of the aspects set forth herein.
It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present disclosure, and the drawings only show the components related to the present disclosure rather than the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the type, amount and ratio of the components in actual implementation may be changed arbitrarily, and the layout of the components may be more complicated.
In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that aspects may be practiced without these specific details.
As shown in fig. 1, the disclosed embodiment provides a LoRa network system 100, which includes a terminal node 102, a server 104, and a gateway 106 connected between the terminal node 102 and the server 104.
For a class b capable LoRa network, all gateways 106 must send out a synchronized broadcast beacon to provide a reference time for all end nodes 102. Based on this time reference, the terminal may periodically open a receive window, hereinafter referred to as "pingslot" which is used by the network builder to initiate downlink communication. The network uses one of the pingslots to initiate the action of downstream communication, referred to as "ping". The gateway 106 for initiating the downlink communication is selected by the server 104 according to the signal transmission quality of the last uplink packet of the terminal.
The gateway 106 receives LoRaWAN communication data sent by the server 104, wherein the LoRaWAN communication data carries message information sent to the terminal node 102; the gateway 106 converts the message information in the LoRaWAN communication data into a LoRa message which is sent to the terminal node through the pingslot; the gateway 106 acquires a node address corresponding to a terminal node from LoRaWAN communication data, and acquires beacon time from a gateway unit; the gateway 106 calculates a pingslot time slot corresponding to the LoRa message according to the beacon time and the node address; gateway 106 establishes a LoRa message queue for sending to the terminal node based on the pingslot, and sends the LoRa message to terminal node 102 through the pingslot.
In the LoRa network system according to the embodiment of the present disclosure, the end node 102 is the same as that in the related art, and therefore, no additional description is given. As shown in the schematic architecture diagram of fig. 2, an interface for PINGSLOT data transmission is added between the server 104 and the gateway 106. The SERVER 104 (LORA _ SERVER) includes a CS module, an AS module, an NC module, and an NS module. The CS module is used for processing user services, the AS module is used for authenticating the terminal node access network and encrypting and decrypting user messages, the NC module is used for adaptively adjusting the LoRa data rate of the terminal node, and the NS module is used for receiving, transmitting and processing LoRa protocol messages and commands.
GATEWAY 106 (LORA _ GATEWAY) includes a PACKET _ UP module, a PACKET _ DOWN module, a PINGSLOT _ PROC module, an SX1301 module, and a GPS module. The PACKET _ UP module is used to upload various types of data of the gateway 106 to the server 104. The PACKET DOWN module is used to download various types of data from the server 104 to the gateway 106. The PINGSLOT _ PROC module is used to perform all data processing related to PINGSLOT. And the SX1301 module receives and transmits LoRa messages. The GPS module is used for acquiring beacon time.
As shown in fig. 3, the gateway 106 may include a gateway unit 302, a data processing unit 304, an information acquisition unit 306, a time slot calculation unit 308, and a message transmission unit 310.
The gateway unit 302 receives the LoRaWAN communication data sent by the server, where the LoRaWAN communication data carries the message information sent to the terminal node. The LoRaWAN communication data may include a message header and a message body. The message header communicated between the server and the gateway may be as follows:
the Identifier field (Identifier) indicates the type of the packet communicated between the gateway and the server, and in addition to PUSH _ DATA, PUSH _ ACK, PUSH _ RESP, and the like adopted in the prior art, two types of packet _ SLOT _ DATA and packet _ SLOT _ ACK are added in the present embodiment. The message PING _ SLOT _ DATA indicates that the server sends DATA which needs to be sent through the PINGSOT to the gateway, and the message PING _ SLOT _ ACK indicates that the gateway sends the state information of success or failure of the DATA through the PINGSOT. When the Identifier is PING _ SLOT _ DATA, the DATA format of the LoRaWAN communication DATA may be as follows:
wherein, Packetsequence represents the serial number of Data, counts from 1, and increases progressively according to 1 in sequence;
status indicates whether data needs to be sent by the gateway, 1 indicates that data is needed, and 0 indicates that data is not needed;
datalength represents the length of the Data field, and when Status field is 0, Datalength is 0.
Data indicates that the server needs Data sent by the gateway through a PINGSLOT, and if the Status field is 0, there is no Data field.
When the Identifier field of the communication message between the server and the gateway is PING _ SLOT _ DATA, the message may carry multiple groups of Packetsequence, Status, Datalength, and DATA fields. When the PACKET _ DOWN module of the gateway (the gateway unit 302 is arranged in the PACKET _ DOWN module) receives the PING _ SLOT _ DATA message of the server, the PACKET _ DOWN module is sent to the PING SLOT _ PROC module.
The data processing unit 304 converts the message information in the LoRaWAN communication data into a LoRa message that is sent to the terminal node through pingslot. The message information is a Data field in a message sent by the server, but the Data part in the Data field needs to be converted from a BASE64 format into a binary format. The format of the Data field between the server and the gateway is the format of communication between the server and the gateway in the standard LoRaWAN, and can be JSON format, for example, as shown in the following:
{
"txpk":
{
"tmst":,
"freq":,
"rfch":,
"powe":,
"modu":,
"datr":,
"codr":,
"ipol":,
"size":,
"data":
}
}
after the data portion is converted into the binary format, the message format of the LoRa message may include: the system comprises Packetsequence, Sendttime, Datalength and Data, wherein the Sendttime is PingSlot, and the Data is the message content. The LoRa message content of the standard LoRaWAN may be as shown in fig. 4, from top to bottom: the first layer is a radio frequency physical layer data structure, the second layer is a PHYPpayload data structure, the third layer is an MHDR data structure, the fourth layer is a MACpayload data structure, and the fifth layer is an FHDR data structure.
The information acquisition unit 306 acquires a node address (DevAddr) corresponding to the terminal node from the LoRaWAN communication data, and acquires a beacon time (beaconime) at which the gateway unit receives the LoRaWAN communication data.
The time slot calculating unit 308 calculates a pingslot time slot corresponding to the LoRa message according to the beacon time and the node address. The timeslot calculating unit 308 may obtain a pintslot according to the following formula, where the pintslot is a pintslot timeslot, that is, when in the CLASSB mode, the gateway may actively send a message to the terminal node at this time point.
pingNb=2KWherein K is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 7
pingPeriod=4096 / pingNb
N is the PingSlot number, and N is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to pingNb-1
Key=16 ×0x00
Rand=aes128_encrypt(Key,beaconTime | DevAddr | pad16)
pingOffset=(Rand[0]+Rand[1] ×256)modulo pingPeriod
PingSlot=Beacon_reserved+(pingOffset+N ×pingPeriod) ×slotLen
The PingSlot is the time for sending the LoRa message to the terminal node.
The message sending unit 310 establishes a LoRa message queue to be sent to the terminal node based on the pingslot. For each terminal node, the message sending unit 310 only calculates the PingSlot corresponding to one Data, the Sendtime corresponding to other Data is 0 if other Data does not calculate PingSlot first, the message sending unit 310 regularly detects the Data of PingSlot calculated by each terminal node, judges whether the PingSlot arrives, if so, the Data is sent to the terminal node through the PingSlot time slot, and then the PingSlot of the next Data of the terminal node is calculated. In the present embodiment, the data processing unit 304, the information acquisition unit 306, the time slot calculation unit 308, and the message transmission unit 310 are all provided on the PINGSLOT _ PROC module.
In the LoRa network system and the gateway, the gateway performs PINGSLOT time slot calculation, the processing pressure of the server is reduced, the processing resources of the gateway are fully utilized, the access amount of the LoRa network is increased, and the LoRa network development is facilitated.
In one embodiment, the gateway unit comprises a gateway acquisition module and a processing reporting module, wherein the gateway acquisition module acquires a CPU (central processing unit) dominant frequency, a memory and a traffic of a gateway; and the processing connection module receives LoRaWAN communication data sent by the server according to the CPU main frequency, the memory and the service volume. The gateway can determine whether to carry out PINGSLOT time slot calculation or not by the processing connection module according to the CPU main frequency, the memory and the service volume of the gateway. After a communication link with the server is established after the gateway is started, a processing connection module of the gateway sends a notification of whether to calculate and process the PINGSLOT time slot to the server; if the gateway does not have the capability to do the PINGSLOT calculation or the gateway does not inform this information, the relevant functions are implemented by the server.
As shown in fig. 5, when it is determined that the gateway can perform PINGSLOT slot calculation, the server sends the message to be sent through the PINGSLOT slot to the gateway; the gateway PACKET _ DOWN receives the PACKET of the PING _ SLOT _ DATA type, and calls back an interface of the PINGSOT _ PROC to analyze and store DATA; the PINGSOT _ PROC module acquires DevAddr from a Data field of the message, acquires beaconiTime from PACKET _ DOWN, and then calculates PingSlot; the PINGSLOT _ PROC module detects a PingSlot data queue corresponding to a terminal node at fixed time; when the gateway sends data to the terminal node successfully through the PINGSOT time slot, the gateway can inform the server of the successful sending information.
In the loRa network system and the gateway, the gateway can dynamically calculate the PINGSLOT time slot, thereby reducing the processing pressure of the server, fully utilizing the processing resources of the gateway, improving the access amount of the loRa network and being beneficial to the development of the loRa network.
In one embodiment, the data processing unit stores the LoRaWAN communication data and the LoRa packet in association with each other.
The interaction of PingSlotData between the gateway and the server needs to be realized through the message with the Identifier fields of PING _ SLOT _ DATA and PING _ SLOT _ ACK types. When the server sends the PingSlotData to the gateway, the Identifier field is PING _ SLOT _ DATA, when the gateway replies the PingSlotData to the server and sends a success failure state to the terminal, the Identifier field is PING _ SLOT _ ACK, and the message format can be as follows:
the Packetsequence field is consistent with the field meaning when the Identifier is PING _ SLOT _ DATA.
Status indicates whether PingSlotData was successfully sent to the terminal. 1 indicates success and 0 indicates failure.
In one embodiment, the message sending unit further receives message state information fed back by the terminal node; and the gateway unit sends the message state information to the server.
After receiving the information about the failure of the gateway to send the PingSlotData, the server can choose to continue to resend or abandon the data transmission and alert the user.
The gateway can store LoRaWAN communication data, LoRa messages and PING _ SLOT _ ACK type messages in an associated mode.
In one embodiment, the gateway unit obtains sent LoRaWAN communication data sent by the server, and the data processing unit searches for a LoRa message to be sent corresponding to the sent LoRaWAN communication data; and the message sending unit deletes the corresponding LoRa message to be sent from the LoRa message queue.
In CLASSB, the terminal node transmits data to the server, and the server may issue data to the terminal node in time windows RX1 and RX2, so that a part of the previously set data that needs to be transmitted through the PingSlot but has not been transmitted can be transmitted through RX1 and RX2 windows. When this data is sent, the server informs the gateway that the sent LoRaWAN communication data no longer needs to be sent through the PingSlot. The method comprises the steps that a gateway unit obtains sent LoRaWAN communication data sent by a server, and a data processing unit searches for a LoRa message to be sent corresponding to the sent LoRaWAN communication data; and the message sending unit deletes the corresponding LoRa message to be sent from the LoRa message queue.
In one embodiment, there is provided a method for operating a gateway as shown in fig. 6, including:
and step 510, establishing a LoRa message queue sent to the terminal node based on the pingslot time slot.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowchart of fig. 6 are shown in order as indicated by the arrows, the steps are not necessarily performed in order as indicated by the arrows. The steps are not performed in the exact order shown and described, and may be performed in other orders, unless explicitly stated otherwise. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in fig. 6 may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages that are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of performance of the sub-steps or stages is not necessarily sequential, but may be performed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of the sub-steps or stages of other steps.
In an embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the above-mentioned gateway operation method.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the processes of the methods of the embodiments described above can be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a computer program, which can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium, and when executed, can include the processes of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, storage, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided herein may include non-volatile and/or volatile memory, among others. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), Programmable ROM (PROM), Electrically Programmable ROM (EPROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM), or flash memory. Volatile memory can include Random Access Memory (RAM) or external cache memory. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM is available in a variety of forms such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), Double Data Rate SDRAM (DDRSDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), Synchronous Link DRAM (SLDRAM), Rambus Direct RAM (RDRAM), direct bus dynamic RAM (DRDRAM), and memory bus dynamic RAM (RDRAM).
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present disclosure, but the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure should be covered within the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A gateway, comprising:
the gateway unit is used for receiving LoRaWAN communication data sent by the server, wherein the LoRaWAN communication data carries message information sent to the terminal node;
the data processing unit is used for converting message information in the LoRaWAN communication data into a LoRa message which is sent to the terminal node through pingslot;
the information acquisition unit is used for acquiring a node address corresponding to the terminal node from the LoRaWAN communication data and acquiring beacon time from the gateway unit;
the time slot calculating unit is used for calculating a pingslot time slot corresponding to the LoRa message according to the beacon time and the node address;
and the message sending unit is used for establishing a LoRa message queue sent to the terminal node based on the pingslot time slot.
2. The gateway according to claim 1, wherein said gateway unit comprises a gateway acquisition module and a processing and reporting module,
the gateway acquisition module acquires the CPU main frequency, the memory and the service volume of the gateway;
and the processing connection module receives LoRaWAN communication data sent by the server according to the CPU main frequency, the memory and the service volume.
3. The gateway according to claim 1, wherein the data processing unit stores the LoRaWAN communication data and the LoRa packet in association with each other.
4. The gateway according to claim 3, wherein the gateway unit acquires LoRaWAN communication data transmitted from the server,
the data processing unit searches for a LoRa message to be sent corresponding to the LoRaWAN communication data which are sent;
and the message sending unit deletes the corresponding LoRa message to be sent from the LoRa message queue.
5. The gateway according to claim 1, wherein the message sending unit further receives message status information fed back by the terminal node;
and the gateway unit sends the message state information to the server.
6. An LoRa network system, comprising a terminal node and a server, and a gateway according to any one of claims 1 to 5 connected between the terminal node and the server.
7. A method of operating a gateway, comprising:
receiving LoRaWAN communication data sent by a server, wherein the LoRaWAN communication data carries message information sent to a terminal node;
converting message information in the LoRaWAN communication data into a LoRa message which is sent to the terminal node through a pingslot;
acquiring a node address corresponding to the terminal node from the LoRaWAN communication data, and acquiring beacon time from the gateway unit;
calculating a pingslot time slot corresponding to the LoRa message according to the beacon time and the node address;
and establishing a LoRa message queue sent to the terminal node based on the pingslot time slot.
8. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method as claimed in claim 7.
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