CN112118086B

CN112118086B - Synchronization method and device

Info

Publication number: CN112118086B
Application number: CN201910532240.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高宽栋; 黄煌; 邵华; 颜矛
Original assignee: Chengdu Huawei Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chengdu Huawei Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-19
Filing date: 2019-06-19
Publication date: 2022-05-10
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-19
Also published as: WO2020253660A1; CN112118086A

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a synchronization method and a synchronization device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the reflector receives an excitation signal from the exciter; modulating data to be transmitted and a synchronous sequence in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal; the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than a first duration, and/or the data volume of the data to be transmitted is larger than a first data volume; the reflector transmits the reflected signal to a receiver.

Description

Synchronization method and device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of wireless communications technologies, and in particular, to a synchronization method and apparatus.

Background

Backscattering communication (backscattering communication) is a passive communication technology with extremely low power consumption and low cost, and is suitable for internet of things (IoT) and other scenes sensitive to power consumption. In the backscatter communication technology, three nodes may be included: an exciter, a reflector, and a receiver. The exciter and the reflector may also be integrated into the same node, which may be referred to as a reader/writer. The exciter can transmit a wireless signal, the wireless signal transmitted by the exciter can also be called an excitation signal, and the excitation signal can be a signal of a single tone signal or a multi-tone signal and the like, and does not carry any data. The excitation signal sent by the exciter is a signal known to the reflector. After the reflector receives the excitation signal, data to be transmitted can be modulated onto the excitation signal to obtain a reflected signal, and the reflected signal is transmitted to the receiver. After the receiver receives the reflected signal, the data carried on the reflected signal can be demodulated.

At present, in the backscattering communication technology, an asynchronous transmission mode is adopted, and the communication between the sending end domain and the receiving end does not need to be synchronous. When the backscatter communication technology is applied to a mobile communication system, such as a fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, the exciter may be a terminal device, the reflector may be a radio frequency identification module in the terminal device, or an independent radio frequency identification chip, and the receiver may be a base station. For a base station, the reflected signals of multiple reflectors are received. Interference may exist between reflected signals received by the base station between different reflectors, since there may be a deviation in the clock frequencies of the different reflectors. For example, as shown in fig. 1, it is assumed that the base station schedules the reflector 1 to perform uplink transmission at time 1, and schedules the reflector 2 to perform uplink transmission at time 2, where the transmission duration of the uplink transmission is T, and the interval T is between time 1 and time 2. Since the clock frequency of the reflector 1 is 20% lower than the clock frequency specified in the standard, the transmission time of the reflected signal sent by the reflector 1 is actually 1.2T, so that the base station receives the reflected signals sent by the reflector 1 and the reflector 2 at the same time at the time 2, and the reflected signal sent by the reflector 1 causes interference to the reflected signal sent by the reflector 2.

Therefore, when the backscatter communication technology is applied to a mobile communication system, how to achieve synchronization is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The embodiment of the application provides a synchronization method and a synchronization device, which are used for realizing signal synchronization.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a synchronization method, including: the reflector receives an excitation signal from the exciter; modulating data to be transmitted and a synchronous sequence in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal; the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than a first duration, and/or the data volume of the data to be transmitted is larger than a first data volume; the reflector transmits the reflected signal to a receiver.

In the above method flow, when the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than the first duration, and/or when the data amount of the data is larger than the first data amount, the reflected signal sent by the reflector includes the synchronization sequence, so that the receiver can determine the frequency deviation according to the synchronization sequence, thereby realizing signal synchronization according to the frequency deviation and reducing mutual interference between the reflected signals received by the receiver.

In a possible implementation manner, within the transmission duration of the reflection signal, the synchronization sequence is transmitted with a second duration as a period; or, within the transmission duration of the data, the synchronization sequence is transmitted with the third duration as a period.

In the method, the probability of successfully receiving the synchronization sequence by the receiver can be improved by periodically transmitting the synchronization sequence.

In a possible implementation manner, the number of times of repeated transmission of the synchronization sequence in one period is K, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

In the method, the reliability of the transmission of the synchronization sequence can be improved by repeatedly transmitting the synchronization sequence for K times.

In a possible implementation manner, the synchronization sequence is an M sequence, a gold sequence, or a ZC sequence, and the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to an identifier of the reflector, or the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to an identifier of the receiver.

In a possible implementation manner, the starting position of the first transmission of the synchronization sequence in the reflection signal is a position located after the starting position of the reflection signal by the first duration.

In a possible implementation, the method further includes: the reflector receives first indication information from the exciter, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflected signal and a preset clock frequency.

In the method, the reflector determines the frequency deviation according to the first indication information, so that the clock frequency of the reflected signal can be adjusted, and the error of the reflected signal is reduced.

In one possible implementation, the frequency offset is determined based on the synchronization sequence.

In a possible implementation manner, the first duration is a preset duration, or the first duration is a duration configured by the receiver; the first data volume is a preset data volume, or the first data volume is a data volume configured by the receiver.

In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide an apparatus having a function of implementing a reflector in the above method. The functions can be realized by hardware, and the functions can also be realized by executing corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-described functions.

In one possible design, the structure of the apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver, the processor is configured to process the apparatus to perform the corresponding functions in the above method, for example, the processor may be configured to modulate the data to be transmitted and the synchronization sequence in the excitation signal to obtain the reflection signal. The transceiver is used to enable communication between the apparatus and the exciter and the receiver, e.g. the transceiver may be used to receive an excitation signal from the exciter and to transmit the reflected signal to the receiver. The apparatus may also include a memory, coupled to the processor, that retains program instructions and data necessary for the apparatus.

In one possible embodiment, the apparatus may include corresponding functional modules, for example, including a processing unit, a communication unit, and the like, for implementing the steps in the above method, respectively.

In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a synchronization method, including: the receiver receives the reflected signal from the reflector; the reflection signal comprises data and a synchronization sequence, wherein the transmission time length of the data is longer than a first time length, and/or the data volume of the data is larger than a first data volume; and the receiver determines the frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency according to the synchronization sequence.

In the above method procedure, when the reflected signal sent by the reflector includes the synchronization sequence, the receiver may determine the frequency deviation of the reflected signal according to the synchronization sequence, thereby implementing signal synchronization according to the frequency deviation and reducing mutual interference between the reflected signals received by the receiver.

In a possible implementation manner, a time length of the synchronization sequence between the start position of the first transmission in the reflection signal and the start position of the reflection signal is the first time length.

In a possible implementation, the method further includes: the receiver sends first indication information to an exciter, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the frequency deviation.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an apparatus having a function of implementing the receiver in the above method. The functions can be realized by hardware, and the functions can also be realized by executing corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-described functions.

In one possible design, the apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver, the processor is configured to process the apparatus to perform the corresponding functions of the method, for example, the processor may be configured to determine a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency according to the synchronization sequence. The transceiver is used to enable communication between the device and the exciter and reflector, for example the transceiver may be used to receive reflected signals from the reflector. The apparatus may also include a memory, coupled to the processor, that retains program instructions and data necessary for the apparatus.

In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a synchronization method, including: the reflector receives an excitation signal from the exciter; the reflector modulates a synchronous sequence in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal; the reflector sends the reflected signal to a receiver; the reflector receives first indication information from the exciter; the first indication information is used for indicating a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency.

In the above method flow, the reflected signal sent by the reflector includes the synchronization sequence, so that the receiver can determine the frequency deviation according to the synchronization sequence, thereby realizing signal synchronization according to the frequency deviation and reducing mutual interference between the reflected signals received by the receiver.

In a possible implementation manner, within the transmission duration of the reflection signal, the synchronization sequence is transmitted with a fourth duration as a period; or, within the transmission duration of the data, the synchronization sequence is transmitted with the fifth duration as a period.

In one possible implementation manner, the number of times of repeated transmission of the synchronization sequence in one period is H, where H is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

In the method, the reliability of the transmission of the synchronization sequence can be improved by repeatedly transmitting the synchronization sequence for H times.

In a possible implementation manner, the synchronization sequence is an M sequence, a gold sequence, a ZC sequence, or the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to an identifier of the reflector, or the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to an identifier of the receiver.

In one possible implementation manner, the starting position of the first transmission of the synchronization sequence in the reflection signal is a position located in a sixth duration after the starting position of the reflection signal.

In a possible implementation manner, the sixth duration is a preset duration, or the sixth duration is a duration configured by the receiver.

In a sixth aspect, the present application provides an apparatus having a function of implementing a reflector in the above method. The functions can be realized by hardware, and the functions can also be realized by executing corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-described functions.

In one possible design, the structure of the apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver, the processor is configured to process the apparatus to perform the corresponding functions in the above method, for example, the processor may be configured to modulate a synchronization sequence in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal. The transceiver is used for realizing communication between the device and the exciter and the receiver, for example, the transceiver can be used for receiving an excitation signal from the exciter; the reflector modulates a synchronous sequence in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal; and sending the reflected signal to a receiver. The apparatus may also include a memory, coupled to the processor, that retains program instructions and data necessary for the apparatus.

In a seventh aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a synchronization method, including: the exciter generates an excitation signal comprising a synchronization sequence; wherein the transmission duration of the excitation signal is longer than a seventh duration; the exciter sends the excitation signal to a reflector.

In the above method flow, when the transmission duration of the excitation signal is longer than the seventh duration, the excitation signal sent by the exciter includes the synchronization sequence, so that the receiver can determine the frequency deviation according to the synchronization sequence, thereby realizing signal synchronization according to the frequency deviation and reducing mutual interference between signals received by the receiver.

In one possible implementation, the synchronization sequence is transmitted in a period of an eighth time period within the transmission time period of the excitation signal.

In one possible implementation manner, the number of times of repeated transmission of the synchronization sequence in one period is L, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

In the method, the reliability of the transmission of the synchronization sequence can be improved by repeatedly transmitting the synchronization sequence for L times.

In a possible implementation manner, the synchronization sequence is an M sequence, or a gold sequence, or a ZC sequence, or the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to an identifier of a reflector, or the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to an identifier of the receiver.

In one possible implementation, the starting position of the first transmission of the synchronization sequence in the excitation signal is a position located a seventh time length after the starting position of the reflection signal.

In a possible implementation manner, the seventh time duration is a preset time duration, or the seventh time duration is a time duration configured by the receiver.

In an eighth aspect, the present application provides an apparatus having a function of implementing the exciter in the above method. The functions can be realized by hardware, and the functions can also be realized by executing corresponding software by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-described functions.

In one possible design, the apparatus includes a processor and a transceiver in the structure, the processor is configured to process the apparatus to perform the corresponding functions in the above method, for example, the processor may be configured to generate an excitation signal including a synchronization sequence. The transceiver is used to enable communication between the device and the receiver and reflector, e.g. the transceiver may be used to send the excitation signal to the reflector. The apparatus may also include a memory, coupled to the processor, that retains program instructions and data necessary for the apparatus.

In a ninth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer-readable storage medium having computer-readable instructions stored thereon, which, when read and executed by a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of the above possible designs.

In a tenth aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product, which when read and executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of the above possible designs.

In an eleventh aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a chip, where the chip is connected to a memory, and is configured to read and execute a software program stored in the memory, so as to implement the method in any one of the possible designs described above.

In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a chip including one or more processors. The one or more processors are operable to read and execute the computer programs stored in the memory to implement the methods of any of the possible designs described above. Optionally, the chip comprises one or more memories coupled to the one or more processors, the one or more memories being configured to store computer program code comprising computer instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of the above possible designs. Further optionally, the chip further comprises a communication interface, the one or more processors being connected to the communication interface. The communication interface is used for receiving data and/or information needing to be processed, the processor acquires the data and/or information from the communication interface, processes the data and/or information, and outputs a processing result through the communication interface. The communication interface may be an input output interface.

In a thirteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a synchronization apparatus, which includes a processor coupled with a memory: the processor is configured to execute the computer program or instructions stored in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of the above possible designs.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating interference of a reflected signal in the prior art;

fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system suitable for use in the method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a synchronization sequence provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5(a) to 5(b) are schematic diagrams of a synchronization symbol provided in an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a reflected signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a reflected signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a reflected signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a reflected signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic flowchart of a synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic flowchart of a synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 12 is a schematic flowchart of a synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a reflected signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 14 is a schematic flowchart of a synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a reflected signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 16 is a schematic flowchart of a synchronization method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of a synchronization apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings attached hereto.

The embodiment of the application can be applied to various mobile communication systems, such as: a New Radio (NR) system, a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, an advanced long term evolution (LTE-a) system, a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), an evolved Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, a future communication system, and other communication systems, and in particular, is not limited herein.

For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present application, a communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application will be first described in detail by taking the communication system shown in fig. 2 as an example. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system suitable for the method provided by the embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, the communication system includes an exciter 201, a reflector 202, and a receiver 203.

It should be noted that there may be other names for the exciter 201, such as helper (helper), interrogator (interrogator), reader/writer (reader), User Equipment (UE), etc., and for convenience of description, the exciter is referred to in this embodiment. Accordingly, the reflector 202 may also have other names, such as tag (tag), reflective device (backscatter device), passive device (passive device), semi-active device (semi-passive device), scattered signal device (ambient signal device), Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tag (tag), and the like, and for convenience of description, the tag is referred to as a reflector in the embodiments of the present application. Other names may exist for the receiver 203, such as access point, base station, etc., which are referred to as receivers in the embodiments of the present application for convenience of description.

In fig. 2, the excitation signal transmitted by the exciter 201 may be a mono signal (i.e., a continuous sine wave) or a multi-tone signal (i.e., a signal with a certain bandwidth), and the excitation signal may or may not carry data transmitted to the receiver 203. The excitation signal sent by the exciter 201 is a signal known to the reflector 202. The excitation signal may have at least one gap (gap) within its duration, which may be periodic or aperiodic.

After the reflector 202 receives the excitation signal, it may modulate data to be transmitted onto the excitation signal, obtain a reflected signal, and transmit the reflected signal to the receiver 203. The data sent by the reflector 202 may be collected temperature data, humidity data, and the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. In the embodiment of the present application, the reflector 202 may be a passive device, that is, no power source is needed to supply power during the process of receiving the excitation signal and sending the reflected signal; reflector 202 may also be a semi-active device that requires power during reception of an excitation signal or transmission of a reflected signal. It should be noted that fig. 2 is only an example, and in a possible implementation, the exciter and the reflector may also be integrated into the same physical entity, and are not described herein again.

It should be noted that, in the communication system shown in fig. 2, the receiver may not directly send data to the reflector, and if the receiver needs to send data to the reflector, the receiver needs to send data to the exciter first, and the exciter forwards the data to the reflector.

When the backscatter communication is applied to a mobile communication system, such as 5G, the exciter 201 may be a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer (Pad), a computer with a wireless transceiving function, a Virtual Reality (VR) terminal, an Augmented Reality (AR) terminal, a wireless terminal in industrial control (industrial control), a wireless terminal in self driving (self driving), a wireless terminal in remote medical (remote medical), a wireless terminal in smart grid (smart grid), a wireless terminal in transportation safety (transportation safety), a wireless terminal in city (smart city), a wireless terminal in smart home (smart home), and the like. The receiver 203 may be a wireless access device, such as an evolved Node B (eNB), a gbb in 5G, a Radio Network Controller (RNC) or a Node B (NB), a Base Station Controller (BSC), a Base Transceiver Station (BTS), a home base station (e.g., home evolved Node B or home Node B), a Base Band Unit (BBU), an Access Point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, a wireless relay Node, a wireless backhaul Node, and so on.

The network architecture and the service scenario described in the embodiment of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, and do not form a limitation on the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application, and as a person of ordinary skill in the art knows that along with the evolution of the network architecture and the appearance of a new service scenario, the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is also applicable to similar technical problems.

The first embodiment is as follows:

referring to fig. 3, a schematic flow chart of a synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The method comprises the following steps:

step 301: the exciter transmits an excitation signal.

As mentioned above, the excitation signal may be a single-tone signal or a multi-tone signal, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Step 302: the reflector receives an excitation signal from the exciter.

Step 303: and the reflector modulates the data to be transmitted and the synchronous sequence in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal, and sends the reflection signal to a receiver.

The transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than a first duration, and/or the data volume of the data to be transmitted is larger than a first data volume.

Accordingly, when the transmission time length of the data is less than or equal to the first time length, and/or when the data amount of the data is less than or equal to the first data amount, the synchronization sequence may not be included in the reflected signal transmitted by the reflector. Wherein the first time length is less than the transmission time length of the reflected signal.

In another possible implementation manner, when the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is greater than or equal to the first duration, and/or the data amount of the data to be transmitted is greater than or equal to the first data amount, the reflector modulates the data to be transmitted and the synchronization sequence in the excitation signal. The synchronization sequence may not be included in the reflected signal transmitted by the reflector when the transmission duration of the data is less than the first duration and/or when the data amount of the data is less than the first data amount.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, there may be multiple specific implementations of the synchronization sequence, for example, the synchronization sequence may be an M sequence, a gold sequence, a ZC (Zadoff-chu) sequence, a sequence determined according to an identifier of a reflector, or a sequence determined according to an identifier of a receiver. The above is merely an example and other implementations of the synchronization sequence are possible. In the embodiment of the present application, the length of the synchronization sequence is not limited, for example, the length of the synchronization sequence may be a partial or whole value of {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,31,61,62,63,139,127}, the unit of which may be nanosecond (ns) or millisecond (ms) or microsecond(s) or second(s), and may also be a slot, a subframe, or a frame.

The synchronization sequence is a sequence known to the receiver, and the receiver demodulates the received reflected signal, and can determine whether the synchronization sequence is included in the reflected signal according to the demodulation result. For example, the synchronization sequence is: 11001100. when the receiver demodulates the reflected signal, if the demodulated bit sequence includes 11001100, the demodulated synchronization sequence can be determined.

In the embodiment of the application, the reflector may also not send the synchronization sequence in the reflection signal, but send the synchronization symbol instead of the synchronization sequence, that is, when the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than the first duration, or when the data amount of the data to be transmitted is greater than the first data amount, or when the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than the first duration and the data amount of the data to be transmitted is greater than the first data amount, modulate the data and the synchronization symbol in the excitation signal to obtain the reflection signal.

The following differences exist between the synchronization sequence and the synchronization symbol: the synchronization sequence is a sequence known to the receiver and for the synchronization symbol, the synchronization symbol is a signal waveform known to the receiver. The synchronous sequence adopts different coding modes, and the obtained signal waveforms are different. For example, when the synchronization sequence is 0101, if Return-to-Zero (RZ) coding, Non-Return-to-Zero (NRZ) coding, and manchester coding are used, they have different waveforms, which can be specifically referred to fig. 4. When receiving the reflected signal, the receiver determines whether a synchronization sequence exists in the demodulated bit sequence instead of determining whether the synchronization sequence exists according to the waveform of the signal. Correspondingly, for the synchronization symbol, when the receiver receives the reflected signal, it is determined whether a signal waveform corresponding to the known synchronization symbol exists in the reflected signal, and if so, it can be determined that the synchronization symbol is received. The bit sequence corresponding to the synchronization symbol may or may not be known to the receiver. For example, the synchronization symbol may be as shown in fig. 5 (a). When the receiver receives the reflected signal 1 as shown in fig. 5(b), since the signal waveform shown in fig. 5(a) does not exist in the reflected signal 1, it can be determined that the synchronization symbol is not included in the reflected signal 1; accordingly, when the receiver receives the reflected signal 2 as shown in fig. 5(b), since the signal waveform shown in fig. 5(a) exists in the reflected signal 2, it can be determined that the synchronization symbol is included in the reflected signal 2.

When the reflected signal includes a synchronization symbol, the synchronization symbol and the data may be encoded using different encoding schemes. In one possible implementation, when encoding data, an encoding method is used in which 1 bit can be represented by only one level, for example, Non Return to Zero (NRZ) encoding is used, when Non Return to Zero encoding is used for data, 1 bit is represented by the same level, high level represents 1, and low level represents 0; when the synchronization symbol is coded, a coding mode that 1 bit can have at least two levels, such as Manchester coding, is adopted. When the synchronization symbol adopts Manchester coding, 1 bit is not represented by the same level, the level is represented by high-to-low jump to represent 1, and the level is represented by low-to-high jump to represent 0. Similarly, in another possible implementation manner, when encoding data, an encoding manner in which 1 bit can have at least two levels, such as manchester encoding, may also be used. When the synchronization symbol is coded, a coding mode that 1 bit can be represented by only one level is adopted, for example, non-return-to-zero coding is adopted. The synchronization symbols and data may also be encoded by other encoding methods, which are not illustrated herein.

Step 304: the receiver receives the reflected signal from the reflector.

The reflection signal comprises data and a synchronization sequence, wherein the transmission time length of the data is longer than a first time length, and/or the data volume of the data is larger than a first data volume.

Step 305: and the receiver determines the frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency according to the synchronization sequence.

In another implementation, when a synchronization symbol is included in the reflected signal, the receiver may determine a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflected signal and a preset clock frequency according to the synchronization symbol.

In the above method flow, when the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than the first duration, and/or when the data amount of the data is larger than the first data amount, the reflected signal sent by the reflector includes a synchronization sequence or a synchronization symbol, so that the receiver can determine the frequency deviation according to the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol, thereby realizing signal synchronization according to the frequency deviation and reducing mutual interference between the reflected signals received by the receiver.

After the receiver determines the frequency deviation, the receiver may send first indication information to the exciter, the first indication information indicating the frequency deviation. For example, the first indication information may be an index value corresponding to a frequency offset, and index values corresponding to different frequency offsets may be configured in advance, for example, a frequency offset 1 corresponds to an index value 1, and a frequency offset 2 corresponds to an index value 2. When the frequency deviation determined by the receiver is the frequency deviation 1, the first indication information is the index value 1, but the first indication information may also be the frequency deviation itself, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

The actuator transmits the first indication to the reflector. When the reflector receives the first indication information, the clock frequency of the reflection signal can be adjusted according to the frequency deviation indicated by the first indication information, so that the clock frequency of the reflection signal is equal to the preset clock frequency, and the problem of signal asynchronization caused by frequency deviation can be solved. It should be noted that, for how to specifically adjust the clock frequency of the reflector, reference may be made to descriptions in the prior art, which is not limited in this application embodiment and is not described herein again.

After the reflector adjusts the clock frequency of the reflected signal according to the first indication information, the transmission time length of the reflected signal sent again by the reflector is close to the transmission time length without frequency deviation, and therefore interference among the reflected signals of different reflectors is reduced.

For example, as shown in fig. 6, the reflector 1 transmits the reflection signal at time 1, the reflector 2 transmits the reflection signal at time 2, the transmission time of the reflection signal is T, and the interval T between time 1 and time 2 is. Since the clock frequency of the reflector 1 is 20% lower than the clock frequency specified in the standard, the transmission time of the reflected signal transmitted by the reflector 1 is actually 1.2T, which may cause interference with the reflected signal transmitted by the reflector 2. After the reflector 1 adjusts the frequency deviation of the reflected signal, the transmission time length of the transmitted reflected signal is changed to T, so that the interference caused to the reflected signal transmitted by the reflector 2 can be reduced.

In the embodiment of the present application, the unit of the first time duration may be nanoseconds (ns) or milliseconds (ms) or microseconds (μ s) or seconds(s), and the like, for example, the first time duration is 5 ms. The unit of the first duration may also be a symbol, or a time slot, or a subframe, or a frame, or a superframe, etc., which is not limited in this application, for example, the first duration is 5 symbols.

The first time period may be a preset time period, a time period of the exciter configuration, or a time period of the receiver configuration. When the first duration is a preset duration, the first duration may be one of one or more preset durations, for example, the value of the first duration is any value in a preset set a, where the set a is {1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,12,16,24,20,32,64}, and details of other cases are not described herein again. When the first duration is a duration configured by the receiver, the receiver may send the first duration to the exciter, which forwards the first duration to the reflector. The above is only an example, and other determination manners may exist for the first duration, which are not illustrated in a specific manner.

Accordingly, in the embodiment of the present application, the unit of the first data amount may be a bit (bit) or a byte (byte), and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. The first data amount may be a preset data amount, a data amount configured by the exciter, a data amount configured by the receiver, and the like, and will not be described herein again.

When the reflected signal includes the synchronization sequence number, the reflector may transmit the synchronization sequence once in the reflected signal, may transmit the synchronization sequence multiple times periodically in the reflected signal, and may transmit the synchronization sequence multiple times non-periodically in the reflected signal. When the synchronization sequence is transmitted, a time length of the synchronization sequence between a start position of a first transmission in the reflection signal and a start position of the reflection signal may be a first time length. For example, as shown in fig. 7, the reflection signal includes data and a synchronization sequence, and a start position of the synchronization sequence is a first duration from a start position of the reflection signal.

In another possible implementation, when the reflected signal includes a synchronization symbol, the reflector may transmit the synchronization symbol once in the reflected signal, may transmit the synchronization symbol multiple times periodically in the reflected signal, and may transmit the synchronization symbol multiple times non-periodically in the reflected signal. As a further alternative, the time duration between the start position of the first transmission of the synchronization symbol in the reflected signal and the start position of the reflected signal may be a first time duration.

In this embodiment of the present application, in this case that the reflector transmits the synchronization sequence periodically in the reflected signal, in a possible implementation manner, the reflector may transmit the synchronization sequence periodically with the second time duration within the transmission time duration of the reflected signal. For example, when the synchronization sequence exists in the transmission duration of the whole reflected signal, it can be as shown in fig. 8. In fig. 8, the transmission duration of the data is T1, the transmission duration of the reflection signal is T2, and the synchronization sequences are distributed in the transmission duration of the reflection signal with the second duration as a period.

The second duration may be a preset duration, a duration configured by the exciter, a duration configured by the receiver, and the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, when the second duration is a preset duration, the second duration may be one of a plurality of preset durations, and the plurality of preset durations may include 1ms, 2ms, 3ms, 4ms, 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, 160ms, and the like. The second time period may also be determined in other ways, which are not illustrated herein.

In another possible implementation, the reflector may transmit the synchronization sequence with a third duration as a period within the transmission duration of the data. For example, when the synchronization sequence exists in the transmission duration of the data, it can be as shown in fig. 9. In fig. 9, the transmission duration of the data is T1, the transmission duration of the reflected signal is T2, and the synchronization sequences are distributed in the transmission duration of the data with the third duration as a period.

The third time period may be a preset time period, a time period configured by the exciter, a time period configured by the receiver, and the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, when the third time duration is a preset time duration, the third time duration may be one of a plurality of preset time durations, and the plurality of preset time durations may include 1ms, 2ms, 3ms, 4ms, 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, 160ms, and the like. The third duration may also be determined in other ways, which are not illustrated in any order.

Accordingly, when the synchronization symbol is included in the reflected signal, the reflector may transmit the synchronization symbol with the second period as a period within the transmission period of the reflected signal. Alternatively, the reflector may transmit the synchronization symbol at a third time period within the transmission time period of the data.

In this embodiment, when the reflection signal includes a synchronization sequence, the number of times of repeated transmission of the synchronization sequence may be K when the reflector transmits the synchronization sequence each time, where K is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The value of K may be a preset value, a value configured by an exciter, or a value configured by a receiver. K may be one of one or more fixed values specified by the protocol, for example, the value of K may be any integer value from 1 to 2048, or K may be any integer value from a preset set B ═ 1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024, 2048. The above are examples, and there may be other ways to determine K, which are not illustrated herein.

Correspondingly, when the reflected signal includes the synchronization symbol, the number of times of the repeated transmission of the synchronization symbol may also be K when the reflector transmits the synchronization symbol each time, which is not described herein again.

Example two:

in the embodiment of the present application, the reflector may further send a reflected signal including only the synchronization sequence to the receiver, so that the receiver completes signal synchronization according to the synchronization sequence, which will be described in detail below.

Referring to fig. 10, a schematic flow chart of a synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The method comprises the following steps:

step 1001: the exciter transmits an excitation signal.

As mentioned above, the excitation signal may be a single-tone signal or a multi-tone signal, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

Step 1002: the reflector receives an excitation signal from the exciter.

Step 1003: the reflector modulates the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol in the excitation signal to obtain a reflected signal.

It should be noted that the synchronization sequence is a sequence known by the receiver, and there are various specific implementations of the synchronization sequence, for example, the synchronization sequence may be an M sequence, a gold sequence, a ZC sequence, a sequence determined according to the identifier of the reflector, or a sequence determined according to the identifier of the receiver. The above are examples only, and other implementations of the synchronization sequence are possible, and are not illustrated herein in a particular order.

The specific content of the synchronization symbol may refer to the description in the flow shown in fig. 3, and is not described herein again.

The inserted synchronization symbol or inserted synchronization sequence may be periodic or aperiodic. The size of its period may be related to its frequency error, i.e. the period of the inserted synchronization signal is determined according to the error of its frequency. The period may be 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,14,13,14,15,16, and may be all or part of the value, and the unit may be any one of a symbol of a reflector or an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, a slot of a reflector or an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, a subframe of a reflector or an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, a frame of a reflector or an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, and a millisecond.

Step 1004: the reflector transmits the reflected signal to a receiver.

Step 1005: the receiver receives the reflected signal from the reflector and determines the first indication information based on a synchronization sequence or a synchronization symbol in the reflected signal.

The first indication information is used for indicating a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency.

Step 1006: the receiver sends the first indication information to the exciter.

Step 1007: the exciter receives the first indicating information from the receiver and transmits the first indicating information to the reflector.

In the above method flow, the reflected signal sent by the reflector includes a synchronization sequence or a synchronization symbol, so that the receiver can determine the frequency deviation according to the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol, thereby implementing signal synchronization according to the frequency deviation and reducing mutual interference between the reflected signals received by the receiver.

After the receiver determines the frequency deviation, the receiver may send first indication information to the exciter, the first indication information indicating the frequency deviation. The first indication information may be an index value of the frequency deviation, or may be the frequency deviation itself, which is not limited in this embodiment of the application.

The actuator transmits the first indication to the reflector. When the reflector receives the first indication information, the reflector may adjust the clock frequency of the reflection signal according to the frequency deviation indicated by the first indication information, and how to adjust the clock frequency may refer to the description in the prior art, which is not described herein again.

It should be noted that the flow from step 1001 to step 1008 may be executed N times, that is, the reflector may send N reflection signals to the receiver and receive the first indication information corresponding to each reflection signal, where N is an integer greater than 0. After the reflector adjusts the clock frequency according to the frequency deviation indicated by the N first indication information corresponding to the N reflection signals, the reflector may send the reflection signals including data when the data needs to be sent. At this time, the synchronization sequence may not be included in the reflected signal transmitted from the reflector. For example, taking N as 2, refer to fig. 11.

Step 1101: the reflector sends a reflected signal 1 to the receiver, the reflected signal 1 comprising a synchronization sequence or synchronization symbol.

It should be noted that, before step 1101, the reflector receives the excitation signal 1, and the reflected signal 1 is determined according to the received excitation signal 1, which is not shown in the figure.

Step 1102: the receiver determines a frequency deviation 1 from the reflected signal 1 and sends an indication 1 indicating the frequency deviation 1 to the exciter.

The frequency deviation 1 is a frequency difference between the clock frequency of the reflected signal 1 and a preset clock frequency.

Step 1103: the exciter sends an indication 1 to the reflector.

Step 1104: the reflector adjusts the clock frequency according to the frequency deviation 1 indicated by the indication information 1 and sends the reflected signal 2 again to the receiver.

The reflected signal 2 includes a synchronization sequence or a synchronization symbol.

It should be noted that, before step 1104, the reflector receives the excitation signal 2, and the reflected signal 2 is determined according to the received excitation signal 2 and is not shown in the figure.

Step 1105: the receiver determines a frequency deviation 2 from the reflected signal 2 and sends an indication 2 to the exciter indicating the frequency deviation 2.

The frequency deviation 2 is a frequency difference between the clock frequency of the reflected signal 2 and a preset clock frequency.

Step 1106: the exciter sends the indication information 2 to the reflector.

Step 1107: the reflector adjusts the clock frequency according to the frequency deviation 2 indicated by the indication information 2.

The transmission power of the reflected signal 1 may be the same as or different from that of the reflected signal 2. Further, the clock frequency of the reflected signal 1 may be the same as or different from the clock frequency of the reflected signal 2.

Step 1108: when the reflector determines that data needs to be transmitted, the reflector transmits a reflected signal 3 comprising the data to the receiver.

It should be noted that the reflected signal 3 does not include a synchronization sequence or a synchronization symbol. The reflected signal 3 in step 1108 is determined from the received excitation signal 3 and is not shown.

Through the method flow, the reflector sends the N reflection signals before sending the data, and adjusts the clock frequency according to the N frequency deviations corresponding to the N reflection signals, so that the reflection signals of the sent data do not need to carry a synchronization sequence or a synchronization symbol, and the data output transmission efficiency can be improved.

Similar to the process shown in fig. 3, the reflector may transmit the synchronization sequence once in the reflected signal, may transmit the synchronization sequence multiple times periodically in the reflected signal, or may transmit the synchronization sequence multiple times non-periodically in the reflected signal. In this embodiment of the application, in this case that the reflector transmits the synchronization sequence periodically in the reflected signal, in a possible implementation manner, the reflector may transmit the synchronization sequence periodically with the fourth time duration within the transmission time duration of the reflected signal, which may be specifically referred to as shown in fig. 6.

In another possible implementation, the reflector may transmit the synchronization sequence in a period of the fifth time duration within the transmission time duration of the data. For example, when the synchronization sequence exists in the transmission duration of the data, it can be specifically referred to fig. 7.

The fourth time length and the fifth time length may be preset time lengths, time lengths configured by the exciter, time lengths configured by the receiver, and the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, when the fourth time duration is a preset time duration, the fourth time duration may be one of a plurality of preset time durations, and the plurality of preset time durations may include 1ms, 2ms, 3ms, 4ms, 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, 160ms, and the like.

In this embodiment, when the reflector transmits the synchronization sequence each time, the number of times of the repeated transmission of the synchronization sequence may be H, where H is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The value of H may be a preset value, or a value configured by the exciter, or a value configured by the receiver. H may be one of one or more fixed values specified by the protocol, for example, the value of H may be any integer value from 1 to 2048, or H may be any integer value in a preset set B ═ 1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024, 2048. The above are examples only, and there may be other ways to determine H, which are not illustrated herein.

For example, the time duration between the start position of the first transmission of the synchronization sequence in the reflected signal and the start position of the reflected signal may be a sixth time duration. The sixth time period may be a preset time period, a time period of the exciter configuration, or a time period of the receiver configuration, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Example three:

in the previous embodiment it was described how the reflector transmits the synchronization sequence, in another possible embodiment it may not transmit the reflected signal comprising the synchronization sequence, as will be described in more detail below.

Referring to fig. 12, a schematic flow chart of a data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The method comprises the following steps:

step 1201: the exciter transmits an excitation signal.

Step 1202: the reflector receives an excitation signal from the exciter.

Step 1203: the reflector determines a reflected signal from the excitation signal and transmits the reflected signal to a receiver.

When the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than a first duration, the transmission duration of the data included in the reflected signal is shorter than or equal to the first duration; and/or when the data volume of the data to be transmitted is larger than the first data volume, the data volume of the data included in the reflected signal is smaller than or equal to the first data volume.

In another possible implementation manner, when the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is greater than or equal to the first duration, the transmission duration of the data included in the reflected signal is less than the first duration; and/or when the data volume of the data to be transmitted is greater than or equal to the first data volume, the data volume of the data included in the reflected signal is less than the first data volume.

When the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than the first duration, the reflector does not transmit the data after the first position of the reflected signal, and the duration between the first position and the initial position of the reflected signal is the first duration. Accordingly, when the data amount of the data to be transmitted is larger than the first data amount, the reflector transmits the data of the first data amount at most in the reflected signal.

Wherein the first time length is less than the transmission time length of the reflected signal. The specific content of the first duration may refer to the description in the flow of fig. 3, and is not described herein again.

Step 1204: the receiver receives the reflected signal from the reflector.

And when the transmission duration of the reflected signal received by the receiver is longer than the first duration, no data behind the first duration in the reflected signal is received, and/or when the data volume of the data demodulated from the reflected signal by the receiver is equal to the first data volume, no data included in the reflected signal is demodulated. For example, the transmission duration of the reflected signal is T, which is specified in the standard, and the actual transmission duration of the transmitted reflected signal is greater than T due to the deviation of the clock frequency of the reflector, in which case the receiver demodulates only the data within the transmission duration T in the received reflected signal.

For example, as shown in fig. 13, it is assumed that the transmission time length of the reflected signal is specified in the standard to be 10 ms. Due to the frequency deviation of the clock frequency of the reflector, the transmission time of the actually transmitted reflected signal is 12ms when the frequency deviation is-20%. After the receiver receives the reflected signal, only the data in the first 10ms of the reflected signal is demodulated, and the other data is not demodulated.

Example four:

in the embodiment of the present application, an excitation signal including a synchronization sequence may also be transmitted by the exciter, which will be described in detail below.

Referring to fig. 14, a schematic flow chart of a synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The method comprises the following steps:

step 1401: the exciter generates an excitation signal comprising a synchronization sequence.

And generating a synchronous sequence in the excitation signal when the transmission time length of the excitation signal is longer than the seventh time length, namely the exciter determines that the transmission time length of the excitation signal is longer than the seventh time length. In another possible implementation manner, when the transmission duration of the excitation signal is longer than the seventh duration, the exciter may also generate the excitation signal including the synchronization symbol, and the details of the synchronization symbol may refer to the foregoing description and are not described herein again.

The above is merely an example, and in another possible implementation, the exciter generates the excitation signal including the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol when the exciter determines that the excitation signal out-transmission time period is greater than or equal to the seventh time period. When the exciter determines that the transmission duration of the excitation signal is less than the seventh duration, the excitation signal generated by the exciter does not include the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol.

The seventh time period may be a preset time period, a time period of the exciter configuration, or a time period of the receiver configuration, which are not illustrated in a specific order.

It should be noted that the synchronization sequence is a sequence known by the receiver, and there are various specific implementations of the synchronization sequence, for example, the synchronization sequence may be an M sequence, a gold sequence, a ZC sequence, a sequence determined according to the identifier of the exciter, a sequence determined according to the identifier of the reflector, or a sequence determined according to the identifier of the receiver. The above are examples only, and other implementations of the synchronization sequence are possible, and are not illustrated in any order here.

It should be noted that the exciter may generate an excitation signal including a synchronization symbol instead of the excitation signal including the synchronization sequence. For specific content of the synchronization symbol, reference may be made to the description of the synchronization symbol in the flow illustrated in fig. 3, which is not described herein again.

Step 1402: the exciter sends the excitation signal to the reflector.

Step 1403: the reflector modulates data in the excitation signal to obtain a reflected signal.

It should be noted that, when the reflector modulates data, the reflector does not modulate data at a position corresponding to the synchronization sequence, so that the synchronization sequence can be retained in the reflected signal.

For example, as shown in fig. 15, when the reflector modulates data in the excitation signal, the data is modulated at a position other than the synchronization sequence, and the finally obtained reflection signal also includes the synchronization sequence.

Step 1404: the reflector transmits the reflected signal to a receiver.

Step 1405: when the reflected signal comprises a synchronous sequence, the receiver determines the frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflected signal and the preset clock frequency according to the synchronous sequence.

In another possible implementation manner, when the reflected signal includes a synchronization symbol, the receiver determines a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflected signal and a preset clock frequency according to the synchronization symbol, which is not described herein again.

Step 1406: the receiver transmits first indication information to the exciter.

The first indication information is used for indicating the frequency deviation. The frequency deviation indicated by the first indication information adjusts the clock frequency of the reflection signal, and how to adjust the clock frequency specifically, refer to the description in the prior art, which is not described herein again.

Step 1407: the exciter transmits the first indication information to the reflector.

In the above method flow, when the transmission duration of the excitation signal to be transmitted is longer than the seventh duration, the excitation signal sent by the exciter includes the synchronization sequence, so that the receiver can determine the frequency deviation according to the synchronization sequence, thereby realizing signal synchronization according to the frequency deviation and reducing mutual interference between the reflected signals received by the receiver.

The exciter can transmit the synchronous sequence once in the excitation signal, can transmit the synchronous sequence for a plurality of times periodically in the excitation signal, and can transmit the synchronous sequence for a plurality of times non-periodically in the excitation signal. When transmitting the synchronization sequence, a time period between a start position of a first transmission of the synchronization sequence in the excitation signal and a start position of the excitation signal may be a seventh time period.

In this embodiment of the present application, in this case that the exciter periodically transmits the synchronization sequence in the excitation signal, the transmission period of the synchronization sequence may be an eighth duration. The eighth time period may be a preset time period, a time period of the exciter configuration, a time period of the receiver configuration, and the like, which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. For example, when the eighth time period is a preset time period, the eighth time period may be one of a plurality of preset time periods, and the plurality of preset time periods may include 1ms, 2ms, 3ms, 4ms, 5ms, 10ms, 20ms, 40ms, 80ms, 160ms, and the like. The eighth time period may also be determined in other manners, which are not illustrated in a single instance.

In this embodiment, the number of times of repeating transmission of the synchronization sequence may be L when the exciter transmits the synchronization sequence each time, where L is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The value of L may be a preset value, a value configured by an exciter, or a value configured by a receiver. L may be one of one or more fixed values specified by the protocol, for example, the value of L may be any integer value from 1 to 2048, or L may be any integer value from a preset set B, {1,2,4,8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1024,2048 }. The above is merely an example, and there may be other ways to determine L, which are not illustrated herein one by one.

In the embodiment of the present application, the reflector may also perform synchronization directly according to the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol sent by the exciter, and in this case, after receiving the excitation signal including the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol, the reflector does not send a reflected signal to the receiver, which is described in detail below. Referring to fig. 16, a schematic flow chart of a synchronization method provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown. The method comprises the following steps:

step 1601: the exciter transmits an excitation signal.

The excitation signal may include a synchronization sequence or a synchronization symbol, and the details of the synchronization sequence and the synchronization symbol may refer to the description in step 303, which is not described herein again.

The synchronization sequence or synchronization symbol may be transmitted periodically. For example, the period of the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol in the excitation signal obtained by the reflector is TA, where the TA may be a partial value or a whole value of 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8, and may be in any one of a symbol of the reflector or the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, a timeslot of the reflector or the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, a subframe of the reflector or the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, a frame of the reflector or the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing system, and a millisecond.

Step 1602: the reflector receives the excitation signal from the exciter and synchronizes according to a synchronization sequence or synchronization symbol in the excitation signal.

The reflector can determine the clock frequency of the excitation signal according to the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol, and then adjust the clock frequency of the reflection signal sent by the reflector according to the clock frequency of the excitation signal, so that the clock frequency of the excitation signal can be ensured to be the same as the clock frequency of the reflection signal, and signal synchronization is realized.

Based on the same inventive concept as the above method embodiments, the present application also provides a synchronization apparatus, which may have the functions of the method embodiments described above and may be used to perform the steps performed by the reflector. The functions can be realized by hardware, and can also be realized by software or hardware to execute corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-described functions.

In one possible implementation, the synchronization apparatus 1700 shown in fig. 17 may include a processing unit 1701 and a communication unit 1702, and the processing unit 1701 and the communication unit 1702 are coupled to each other.

When the synchronization apparatus 1700 performs the functions performed by the reflector in the flow shown in fig. 3:

a communication unit 1702 for receiving the excitation signal from the exciter;

a processing unit 1701, configured to modulate data to be transmitted and a synchronization sequence in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal; the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than a first duration, and/or the data volume of the data to be transmitted is larger than a first data volume;

the communication unit 1702 is configured to send the reflected signal to a receiver.

In a possible implementation manner, within the transmission duration of the reflection signal, the synchronization sequence is transmitted with a second duration as a period;

or, within the transmission duration of the data, the synchronization sequence is transmitted with the third duration as a period.

In a possible implementation manner, the communication unit 1702 is further configured to:

receiving first indication information from the exciter, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflected signal and a preset clock frequency.

In a possible implementation manner, the first duration is a preset duration, or the first duration is a duration configured by the receiver;

the first data volume is a preset data volume, or the first data volume is a data volume configured by the receiver.

When the synchronization apparatus 1700 performs the functions performed by the reflector in the flow shown in fig. 10:

a communication unit 1702 for receiving the excitation signal from the exciter;

a processing unit 1701 for modulating a synchronization sequence or a synchronization symbol in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal; the reflector sends the reflected signal to a receiver;

a communication unit 1702 for receiving first indication information from the exciter; the first indication information is used for indicating a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency.

In a possible implementation, the frequency offset is determined based on the synchronization sequence or the synchronization symbol.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The apparatus shown in fig. 18 may be a hardware circuit implementation of the apparatus shown in fig. 17. The device can be applied to any flow chart described above to perform the function of the reflector in the above method embodiment. For ease of illustration, fig. 18 shows only the main components of the device. Alternatively, the device may be a reflector, or may be a chip or system of chips in a reflector. Optionally, taking the apparatus as an example of a reflector, as shown in fig. 18, the apparatus 1800 includes a processor 1801, a memory 1802, a transceiver 1803, and the like.

The processor 1801 is configured to process the apparatus to perform corresponding functions in the above-described method. The transceiver 1803 is used for communication between the above devices and the exciter and receiver. The memory 1802 is operatively coupled to the processor 1801 and retains program instructions and data necessary for the device.

In one possible implementation, when the synchronization apparatus 1800 performs the functions performed by the reflectors in the flow chart shown in fig. 3:

a transceiver 1803 for receiving an excitation signal from the exciter;

a processor 1801, configured to modulate data to be transmitted and a synchronization sequence in the excitation signal, so as to obtain a reflection signal; the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than a first duration, and/or the data volume of the data to be transmitted is larger than a first data volume;

a transceiver 1803, configured to transmit the reflected signal to a receiver.

The processor 1801 and the transceiver 1803 may also execute other functions, which are specifically described in the flow illustrated in fig. 3 and will not be described herein again.

In one possible implementation, when the synchronization apparatus 1800 performs the functions performed by the reflectors in the flow chart shown in fig. 10:

a transceiver 1803 for receiving an excitation signal from the exciter;

a processor 1801, configured to modulate a synchronization sequence or a synchronization symbol in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal; the reflector sends the reflected signal to a receiver;

a transceiver 1803, configured to receive first indication information from the exciter; the first indication information is used for indicating a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency.

The processor 1801 and the transceiver 1803 may also execute other functions, which are specifically described in the flowchart shown in fig. 10 and will not be described herein again.

Based on the same inventive concept as the above method embodiments, the present application also provides a synchronization apparatus, which may have the functions of the receiver in the above method embodiments and may be used to perform the steps performed by the receiver. The functions can be realized by hardware, and can also be realized by software or hardware to execute corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-described functions.

In one possible implementation manner, the synchronization apparatus 1900 shown in fig. 19 may include a processing unit 1901 and a communication unit 1902, and the processing unit 1901 and the communication unit 1902 are coupled to each other.

A communication unit 1902 for receiving a reflected signal from the reflector; the reflection signal comprises data and a synchronization sequence, wherein the transmission time length of the data is longer than a first time length, and/or the data volume of the data is larger than a first data volume;

a processing unit 1901, configured to determine a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency according to the synchronization sequence.

In a possible implementation manner, the communication unit 1902 is further configured to:

the receiver sends first indication information to an exciter, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the frequency deviation.

Fig. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The apparatus shown in fig. 20 may be a hardware circuit implementation of the apparatus shown in fig. 19. The apparatus may be adapted to the flow charts shown in fig. 3 to 16 for performing the functions of the receiver in the above-described method embodiments. For ease of illustration, fig. 20 shows only the main components of the device. Alternatively, the apparatus may be a base station. Alternatively, taking the apparatus 20 as an example, as shown in fig. 20, the apparatus 2000 includes a processor 2001, a memory 2002, a transceiver 2003, an antenna 2004, and the like.

The processor 2001 is configured to process the apparatus to perform the corresponding functions in the above-described method. The transceiver 2003 is used to enable communication between the above-described devices and the exciter and receiver. The memory 2002 is used for coupling with the processor 2001 and holds the necessary program instructions and data for the device.

In one possible implementation, when the synchronization apparatus 2000 performs the functions performed by the receiver in the flow shown in fig. 3: a transceiver 2003 for receiving the reflected signal from the reflector; the reflection signal comprises data and a synchronization sequence, wherein the transmission time length of the data is longer than a first time length, and/or the data volume of the data is larger than a first data volume;

a processor 2001 for determining a frequency deviation between a clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency according to the synchronization sequence.

For other functions of the apparatus 2000 shown in fig. 20, reference may be specifically made to the description of the receiver in the flowchart shown in fig. 3, which is not described herein again.

Based on the same inventive concept as the above method embodiments, the present application also provides a synchronization apparatus, which can have the functions of the exciter in the above method embodiments and can be used to execute the steps executed by the exciter. The functions can be realized by hardware, and can also be realized by software or hardware to execute corresponding software. The hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above-described functions.

In one possible implementation, the synchronization apparatus 2100 shown in fig. 21 may include a processing unit 2101 and a communication unit 2102, and the processing unit 2101 and the communication unit 2102 are coupled to each other.

A processing unit 2101 for generating an excitation signal comprising a synchronization sequence; wherein the transmission duration of the excitation signal is longer than a seventh duration;

a communication unit 2102 for transmitting the excitation signal to a reflector.

Fig. 22 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The apparatus shown in fig. 22 may be a hardware circuit implementation of the apparatus shown in fig. 21. The apparatus may be adapted to the process flow shown in fig. 3 to 16 to perform the function of the actuator in the above-described method embodiment. For ease of illustration, fig. 22 shows only the main components of the device. Optionally, the apparatus may be a terminal device, or may be an apparatus in a terminal device, such as a chip or a chip system, where the chip system includes at least one chip, and the chip system may further include other circuit structures and/or discrete devices. Optionally, taking the apparatus as a terminal device as an example, as shown in fig. 22, the apparatus 2200 includes a processor 2201, a memory 2202, a transceiver 2203, an antenna 2204, and an input-output device 2205. The processor 2201 is mainly used for processing communication protocols and communication data, controlling the whole wireless device, executing software programs, processing data of the software programs, for example, for supporting the wireless device to perform the actions described in the above method embodiments. The memory 2202 is primarily used to store software programs and data. The transceiver 2203 is mainly used for converting baseband signals and radio frequency signals and processing radio frequency signals. The antenna 2204 is mainly used for transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. The input/output device 2205, such as a touch screen, a display screen, a keyboard, etc., is mainly used for receiving data input by a user and outputting data to the user.

The processor 2201 is configured to process the apparatus to perform the corresponding functions of the above-mentioned method. The transceiver 2203 is used for communication between the above devices and the exciter and receiver. The memory 2202 is used to couple with the processor 2201 and stores the necessary program instructions and data for the device.

In one possible implementation, a processor 2201 for generating an excitation signal comprising a synchronization sequence; wherein the transmission duration of the excitation signal is longer than a seventh duration;

a transceiver 2203 for transmitting said excitation signal to the reflector.

Other functions of the apparatus 2200 shown in fig. 22 may specifically refer to the description of the actuator in the flowchart shown in fig. 14, and are not described herein again.

Based on the same conception as the embodiment, the embodiment of the application also provides a chip. The chip is connected to a memory for reading and executing the software program stored in the memory to implement the method of any one of the above possible designs.

Based on the same concept as the method embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer storage medium, on which some instructions are stored, and when the instructions are called to execute, the instructions can cause a computer to execute the steps executed by the reflector or the actuator in any possible implementation manner of the method embodiment and the method embodiment. In the embodiment of the present application, the readable storage medium is not limited, and may be, for example, a RAM (random-access memory), a ROM (read-only memory), and the like.

Based on the same concept as the method embodiments, the present application further provides a computer program product, which when executed by a computer, can enable the computer to perform the steps performed by the reflector or the exciter in any one of the possible implementations of the method embodiments and the method embodiments.

As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.

Claims

1. A method of synchronization, comprising:

the reflector receives an excitation signal from the exciter;

modulating data to be transmitted and a synchronous sequence in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal; the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than a first duration, and/or the data volume of the data to be transmitted is larger than a first data volume;

the reflector sends the reflected signal to a receiver;

the reflector receives first indication information from the exciter, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflected signal and a preset clock frequency, and the frequency deviation is used for adjusting the clock frequency of the reflected signal.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the synchronization sequence is transmitted in a second period of time within the transmission duration of the reflected signal;

or, within the transmission duration of the data, the synchronization sequence is transmitted with a third duration as a period.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the number of times the synchronization sequence is transmitted repeatedly in one period is K, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

4. A method according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said synchronization sequence is an M-sequence, a gold sequence, a ZC sequence, said synchronization sequence being a sequence determined on the basis of the identity of said reflector, or said synchronization sequence being a sequence determined on the basis of the identity of said receiver.

5. The method of any of claims 1 to 4, wherein the starting position of the first transmission of the synchronization sequence in the reflected signal is a position located after the starting position of the reflected signal by the first duration.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the first duration is a preset duration, or the first duration is a duration configured by the receiver;

7. A method of synchronization, comprising:

the receiver receives the reflected signal from the reflector; the reflection signal comprises data and a synchronization sequence, wherein the transmission time length of the data is longer than a first time length, and/or the data volume of the data is larger than a first data volume;

the receiver determines the frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency according to the synchronization sequence;

the receiver sends first indication information to the exciter, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the frequency deviation, and the frequency deviation is used for adjusting the clock frequency of the reflected signal.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the synchronization sequence is transmitted in a second period of time within the transmission duration of the reflected signal;

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the number of times the synchronization sequence is transmitted repeatedly in one period is K, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

10. A method according to any of claims 7 to 9, wherein the synchronisation sequence is an M-sequence, a gold sequence, a ZC sequence, the synchronisation sequence is a sequence determined from the identity of the reflector, or the synchronisation sequence is a sequence determined from the identity of the receiver.

11. The method of any of claims 7 to 10, wherein the start position of the first transmission of the synchronization sequence in the reflected signal is a position located after the start position of the reflected signal by the first duration.

12. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the first duration is a preset duration, or the first duration is a duration configured by the receiver;

13. A synchronization apparatus, comprising:

a communication unit for receiving an excitation signal from the exciter;

the processing unit is used for modulating data to be transmitted and a synchronous sequence in the excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal; the transmission duration of the data to be transmitted is longer than a first duration, and/or the data volume of the data to be transmitted is larger than a first data volume;

the communication unit is used for sending the reflected signal to a receiver; receiving first indication information from the exciter, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating a frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency, and the frequency deviation is used for adjusting the clock frequency of the reflection signal.

14. The apparatus of claim 13, wherein the synchronization sequence is transmitted in a second period within the transmission duration of the reflected signal;

15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the number of repeated transmissions of the synchronization sequence in a period is K, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

16. The apparatus according to any of claims 13 to 15, wherein the synchronization sequence is an M sequence, a gold sequence, a ZC sequence, the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to the identity of the reflector, or the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to the identity of the receiver.

17. The apparatus of any of claims 13 to 16, wherein the start position of the first transmission of the synchronization sequence in the reflected signal is a position located after the start position of the reflected signal by the first duration.

18. The apparatus according to any one of claims 13 to 17, wherein the first duration is a preset duration, or the first duration is a duration configured by the receiver;

19. A synchronization apparatus, comprising:

a communication unit for receiving a reflected signal from the reflector; the reflection signal comprises data and a synchronization sequence, wherein the transmission time length of the data is longer than a first time length, and/or the data volume of the data is larger than a first data volume;

the processing unit is used for determining the frequency deviation between the clock frequency of the reflection signal and a preset clock frequency according to the synchronization sequence;

the communication unit is configured to send first indication information to the exciter, where the first indication information is used to indicate the frequency deviation, and the frequency deviation is used to adjust the clock frequency of the reflected signal.

20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the synchronization sequence is transmitted in a second period within the transmission duration of the reflected signal;

21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein the number of times the synchronization sequence is transmitted repeatedly in one period is K, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

22. The apparatus according to any of claims 19 to 21, wherein the synchronization sequence is an M sequence, a gold sequence, a ZC sequence, the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to the identity of the reflector, or the synchronization sequence is a sequence determined according to the identity of the receiver.

23. The apparatus of any of claims 19 to 22, wherein the start position of the first transmission of the synchronization sequence in the reflected signal is a position located after the start position of the reflected signal by the first duration.

24. The apparatus according to any one of claims 19 to 23, wherein the first duration is a preset duration, or the first duration is a duration configured by the receiver;

25. A synchronization apparatus, comprising a processor coupled to a memory:

the processor to execute a computer program or instructions stored in the memory to cause the apparatus to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 12.

26. A readable storage medium, comprising a program or instructions which, when executed, perform the method of any of claims 1 to 12.