CN112117544A - Low cross polarization ultra wide band low-profile dual polarized antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a low cross polarization ultra wide band low section dual polarized antenna, comprising: the antenna comprises an antenna radiation unit (1), an antenna feed unit (2) and an antenna reflection unit (3); wherein: the antenna radiation element (1) further comprises: a first radiation surface (11), a second radiation surface (12), a first base material (13), a parasitic radiation surface (14) and a feed connection port (15); the antenna feed unit (2) further comprising: a first differential feeding circuit (21), a second differential feeding circuit (22) and a feeding probe group (23); the antenna reflection unit (3) further comprises: a second substrate (31) and a reflective surface (32), the first differential feed circuit (21) and the second differential feed circuit (22) being disposed on a first side of the second substrate (31); the reflective surface (32) is located on a second side of the second substrate (31).

Description

A low-cross-polarization ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized antenna

technical field

The invention relates to the field of base station antennas and radio frequency communication, in particular to a low cross-polarization ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarization antenna.

Background technique

With the rapid development of radio frequency communication, the requirements of radio frequency communication are also constantly updated and changed. As the "gateway" of radio frequency communication, the base station antenna is not only lighter in weight, but also lower in height and wider in performance. , also requires the lowest possible cross-polarization. (In order to improve the communication efficiency, the base station antenna adopts the dual-polarized antenna form as much as possible. The radiation of any polarization will produce the main polarization radiation and the cross-polarization radiation, which are perpendicular to each other. If the cross-polarization radiation increases, the main polarization radiation will be generated. Polarized radiation is bound to be reduced. The main polarized radiation is used for communication coverage, and cross-polarized radiation is inevitable and unnecessary for communication. And the cross-polarization of either polarization will fall on the other polarization. In the main polarization direction of the base station, interference will occur and unnecessary fading will occur. Therefore, in order to ensure the communication quality of the base station, it is necessary to strictly control the cross-polarization. In theory, the lower the cross-polarization, the better.)

At present, the existing dual-polarized base station antennas used in radio frequency communication on the market can achieve ultra-wideband such as the traditional ±45° dipole PCB antenna, but it is difficult to achieve a low profile, and the assembly is troublesome and the cost increases. ;It can achieve low profile such as patch antenna, but it is difficult to achieve ultra-wideband. The same wideband requirement may require two or more different antennas to complete, which greatly limits the later communication upgrade and reduces the The utilization rate and cost of spectrum, a precious resource, also increase exponentially; dual-polarized antennas that can achieve both ultra-wideband and low-profile, such as multi-layer loading antennas, have high cross-polarization levels and low cross-polarization ratios. , resulting in the deterioration of the dual-polarization efficiency of the antenna, and the communication coverage is seriously affected. With the widespread application of 5G, these existing common antennas are increasingly difficult to meet the communication needs of base station antennas, and their performance is becoming more and more stretched.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the defects in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-cross-polarization ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized antenna. The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

A low-cross-polarization ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized antenna, comprising: an antenna radiating unit (1), an antenna feeding unit (2), and an antenna reflecting unit (3); wherein:

The antenna radiation unit (1) further comprises: a first radiation surface (11), a second radiation surface (12), a first substrate (13), a parasitic radiation surface (14) and a feeding connection port (15) ; the first radiation surface (11) and the second radiation surface (12) are distributed on the upper surface of the first substrate (13); the parasitic radiation surface (14) is distributed on the first substrate (13) lower surface;

The first radiation surface (11) includes four copper-clad surfaces with the same size and shape, and the four copper-clad surfaces are evenly distributed in the four corners of the first base material (13) and separated from each other;

The second radiating surface (12) includes four slotted surfaces with the same size and shape, each slotted surface corresponds to a copper-clad surface, and each slotted surface is located inside the copper-clad surface;

The parasitic radiation surface (14) includes four copper-clad strips with the same size and shape, and each copper-clad strip is separated from each other and distributed along the four sides of the lower surface of the first substrate (13) respectively , and are respectively parallel to the four sides;

The inner regions of the four copper-clad surfaces of the first radiating surface (11) are respectively provided with four circular grooves along the diagonal lines as feeder connection ports (15); the first substrates (13) correspond to Circular holes of the same size are opened at the positions of the four circular grooves to penetrate the first base material (13);

The antenna feeding unit (2) further comprises: a first differential feeding circuit (21), a second differential feeding circuit (22) and a feeding probe group (23); the first differential feeding circuit ( 21) and the second differential feeding circuit (22) work together to form a ±45° dual-polarized feeding form;

P1 is the general entrance of the first differential feeding circuit (21), P11 and P12 are the branch outlets of the first differential feeding circuit (21) respectively; P2 is the general entrance of the second differential feeding circuit (22), P21 and P22 are respectively the branch outlets of the second differential feeding circuit (22);

The feeding probe group (23) includes four round copper rods, one end of the four round copper rods is respectively connected to P11, P12, P21 and P22, and the other end is respectively opened through the first base material (13). The circular hole and the feeding connection port (15) are connected to the antenna radiating element (1);

The antenna reflection unit (3) further comprises: a second base material (31) and a reflection surface (32), wherein the first differential feeding circuit (21) and the second differential feeding circuit (22) are arranged on the on the first side surface of the second base material (31); the reflective surface (32) is located on the second side surface of the second base material (31).

Optionally, the four copper-clad surfaces of the first radiating surface (11) have a diamond shape.

Optionally, the four grooved surfaces of the second radiating surface (12) have a diamond shape.

Optionally, the four copper-clad strips of the parasitic radiation surface (14) all have an isosceles trapezoid shape.

Optionally, the four copper clad surfaces of the first radiation surface (11) are scaled in equal proportions and processed and cut to become the four slotted surfaces of the second radiation surface (12).

Optionally, each side of the first base material (13) is correspondingly provided with a copper-clad strip and two copper-clad surfaces; the outermost edge of the copper-clad strip is located on the two copper-clad strips The outermost edges of the faces are directly below and parallel to each other.

Optionally, the total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P11 of the first differential feeding circuit (21) and the total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P12 differ by half a wavelength, so that the branch outlet P11 and the branch outlet P12 The phases differ by 180°, and together form a first differential feeding circuit (21);

The total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P21 and the total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P22 of the second differential feeding circuit (22) differ by half a wavelength, so that the phase difference between the branch outlet P21 and the branch outlet P22 is 180°C. °, which together form a second differential feeding circuit (22).

Optionally, the total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P11 of the first differential feeding circuit (21) is equal to the total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P21 of the second differential feeding circuit (22), and the first The total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P12 of a differential feed circuit (21) is equal to the total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P22 of the second differential feed circuit (22).

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

The present invention provides a low-cross-polarization ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized antenna covering 3300-4300 MHz, which can not only realize low profile and light weight of the antenna, but also meet the low cross-polarization requirements of base station communication, and also realize the antenna of ultra-wideband applications.

The antenna is in the form of a probe-fed PCB with a low profile, light weight and easy installation. Moreover, the antenna has low cross polarization and high polarization purity, which can enhance the communication efficiency of the base station. In addition, due to covering an ultra-wide frequency band, the antenna can integrate antennas of multiple frequency bands into one antenna, which can effectively reduce the number of antennas, reduce the cost of antennas, and has large-scale practical application value.

Description of drawings

Other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:

Fig. 1 is the distribution explosion diagram of a kind of low-cross-polarization ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized antenna according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna radiation unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna feeding unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna reflection unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the antenna standing wave ratio diagram of the specific embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram of a cross-polarization ratio of an antenna according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. The following examples will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any form. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several changes and improvements can be made without departing from the inventive concept. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present embodiment discloses a low-cross-polarization ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized antenna, including: an antenna radiating unit 1, an antenna feeding unit 2, and an antenna reflecting unit 3; wherein:

As shown in FIG. 2 , the antenna radiation unit 1 includes five parts: a first radiation surface 11 , a second radiation surface 12 , a first substrate 13 , a parasitic radiation surface 14 and a feeding connection port 15 . The first radiation surface 11 is the main radiation layer of the antenna radiation unit 1, and the second radiation surface 12 is the secondary radiation layer of the antenna radiation unit 1, all of which are distributed on the upper surface of the first substrate 13; the parasitic radiation surface 14 is the antenna radiation The auxiliary radiation layer of the unit 1 is distributed on the lower surface of the first substrate 13 .

The first radiating surface 11 is a copper-clad surface, which is composed of four copper-clad surfaces with the same size and shape. The four copper-clad surfaces are evenly distributed in the four corners of the first substrate 13 and are separated from each other, showing a diamond shape; The two radiating surfaces 12 are slotted surfaces, and the four copper-clad surfaces of the first radiating surface 11 are scaled in equal proportions and processed and cut into grooved surfaces. In this embodiment, a scaling ratio of 0.5-0.8 can be selected, which is only an example here. The present invention does not limit this.

Correspondingly, the second radiation surface 12 is composed of four grooved surfaces with the same size and shape, each of which is evenly distributed in the four corners of the substrate 13 and separated from each other, showing a diamond shape; the parasitic radiation surface 14 is composed of It is composed of four narrow and long copper-clad strips with the same size and shape, showing an isosceles trapezoid shape, and each strip is separated from each other and is parallel to the side of the first substrate 13 .

Each side of the first base material 13 is correspondingly provided with a copper-clad strip and two copper-clad surfaces; the outermost edge of the copper-clad strip is located directly opposite the outermost edges of the two copper-clad surfaces. below and parallel to each other. It should be noted that: the outermost edge of the copper-clad strip refers to the edge of the copper-clad strip that is closest to the side of the corresponding first substrate 13; the outermost edges of the two copper-clad surfaces refer to The two copper clad surfaces are closest to the edges of the corresponding sides of the first substrate 13 .

The four copper-clad surfaces of the first radiation surface 11 have a diamond shape, which can effectively extend the current path and increase the main radiation bandwidth. The four grooved surfaces of the second radiating surface 12 also have a diamond shape, and the current skin effect is used to form the radiation aperture. Since the aperture scaling becomes smaller, the high-frequency radiation bandwidth can be effectively increased. The parasitic radiation surface 14 is coupled with the first radiation surface 11 to generate parasitic radiation.

The inner area of the first radiating surface 11 is provided with four circular grooves along the diagonal, which serve as the feeder connection ports 15 . The first base material 13 has circular holes of the same size corresponding to the positions of the four circular grooves, so as to pass through the first base material 13 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , the antenna feeding unit 2 includes a first differential feeding circuit 21 , a second differential feeding circuit 22 and a feeding probe group 23 . The first differential feeding circuit 21 and the second differential feeding circuit 22 work together to form a ±45° dual polarized feeding form. P1 is the general inlet of the first differential feeding circuit 21 , and P11 and P12 are branch outlets of the first differential feeding circuit 21 respectively. P2 is the general inlet of the second differential feeding circuit 22 , and P21 and P22 are branch outlets of the second differential feeding circuit 22 respectively.

The total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P11 of the first differential feeding circuit 21 and the total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P12 differ by half a wavelength, so that the phase difference between the branch outlet P11 and the branch outlet P12 is 180°, which together form The first differential feed circuit 21 . Correspondingly, the total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P21 and the total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P22 of the second differential feeding circuit 22 differ by half a wavelength, so that the phase difference between the branch outlet P21 and the branch outlet P22 is 180°. , which together form the second differential feeding circuit 22 .

The total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P11 of the first differential feed circuit 21 is the same as the total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P21 of the second differential feed circuit 22, and the total length of the first differential feed circuit 21 from the total inlet P1 The total length to the branch outlet P12 is equal to the total length from the total inlet P2 of the second differential feeding circuit 22 to the branch outlet P22, thereby further improving the polarization purity.

The feeding probe group 23 includes four round copper rods with the same size and shape. One end of the four round copper rods is respectively connected to P11, P12, P21 and P22, and the other end is respectively connected to the circle formed by the first base material 13. The hole and the feed connection port 15 are connected to the antenna radiating unit 1; specifically:

The ends of the feeding probe 23 are welded at the branch outlet P11 and the branch outlet P12 of the first differential feeding circuit 21 and the branch outlet P21 and the branch outlet P22 of the second differential feeding circuit 22, and are connected into one body.

The diameter of the round copper rod is adapted to the size of the circular groove of the feeding connection port 15, and the tops of the four round copper rods of the feeding probe group 23 of the antenna feeding unit 2 vertically penetrate the first base. The material 13 and the first radiating surface 11 are welded at the feeder connection port 15 and communicated as one.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the antenna reflection unit 3 includes a second base material 31 and a reflection surface 32, which together produce the polarization orientation effect of the antenna. The second substrate 31 serves as a carrier plate for the first differential feed circuit 21 and the second differential feed 22 . The first differential feed circuit 21 and the second differential feed circuit 22 are disposed on the first side of the second substrate 31 ; the reflection surface 32 is located on the second side of the second substrate 31 .

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

1. As shown in Figure 1, because the antenna is located in a relatively high frequency band, the radiating surface area is small, and the radiating surface is very short from the reflector, and the profile is low. It can also play a supporting role, reducing the conventionally required plastic support columns and realizing simplicity.

2. As shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 and Figure 6, due to the communication requirements of the base station antenna, the cross-polarization ratio of the ±45° dual-polarized antenna is a key indicator. The conventional loaded patch antenna is difficult to meet the requirements, but by using the first The form of the radiating surface 11, the second radiating surface 12 and the parasitic radiating surface 14, and adjusting the size and position of the feeding probe group 23 can greatly improve the cross-polarization ratio, achieve low cross-polarization, and meet the communication requirements of the base station.

3. As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 5, because the antenna takes into account the low profile performance, the conventional four-point feed bandwidth is difficult to achieve ultra-wideband, but by using the first radiating surface 11 and the second radiating surface 12 Form, the diamond-shaped outer contour of each of the four surfaces of the first radiating surface 11 mainly excites the resonance of the low frequency band, and the diamond-shaped outer contour of each of the four surfaces of the second radiating surface 12 supplements the excitation of the high frequency band. Resonance, the parasitic radiating surface 14 is matched to adjust the non-resonant point, so that the entire frequency band is resonated, the bandwidth of the antenna is greatly broadened, and ultra-wideband performance is achieved.

Through the comprehensive application of the above three points, the antenna can achieve ultra-wideband and high cross-polarization ratio performance under the premise of achieving low profile and light weight, meeting the communication requirements of base station antennas, further reducing the cost and further simplifying the implementation.

The specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the essential content of the present invention. The embodiments of the present application and features in the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict.

Claims (8)

1. a low cross-polarization ultra-wideband low-profile dual-polarized antenna, is characterized in that, comprising: antenna radiating element (1), antenna feeding element (2), antenna reflecting element (3); Wherein: The antenna radiation unit (1) further comprises: a first radiation surface (11), a second radiation surface (12), a first substrate (13), a parasitic radiation surface (14) and a feeding connection port (15) ; the first radiation surface (11) and the second radiation surface (12) are distributed on the upper surface of the first substrate (13); the parasitic radiation surface (14) is distributed on the first substrate (13) lower surface; The first radiation surface (11) includes four copper-clad surfaces with the same size and shape, and the four copper-clad surfaces are evenly distributed in the four corners of the first base material (13) and separated from each other; The second radiating surface (12) includes four slotted surfaces with the same size and shape, each slotted surface corresponds to a copper-clad surface, and each slotted surface is located inside the copper-clad surface; The parasitic radiation surface (14) includes four copper-clad strips with the same size and shape, and each copper-clad strip is separated from each other and distributed along the four sides of the lower surface of the first substrate (13) respectively , and are respectively parallel to the four sides; The inner regions of the four copper-clad surfaces of the first radiating surface (11) are respectively provided with four circular grooves along the diagonal lines as feeder connection ports (15); the first substrates (13) correspond to Circular holes of the same size are opened at the positions of the four circular grooves to penetrate the first base material (13); The antenna feeding unit (2) further comprises: a first differential feeding circuit (21), a second differential feeding circuit (22) and a feeding probe group (23); the first differential feeding circuit ( 21) and the second differential feeding circuit (22) work together to form a ±45° dual-polarized feeding form; P1 is the general entrance of the first differential feeding circuit (21), P11 and P12 are the branch outlets of the first differential feeding circuit (21) respectively; P2 is the general entrance of the second differential feeding circuit (22), P21 and P22 are respectively the branch outlets of the second differential feeding circuit (22); The feeding probe group (23) includes four round copper rods, one end of the four round copper rods is respectively connected to P11, P12, P21 and P22, and the other end is respectively opened through the first base material (13). The circular hole and the feeding connection port (15) are connected to the antenna radiating element (1); The antenna reflection unit (3) further comprises: a second base material (31) and a reflection surface (32), wherein the first differential feeding circuit (21) and the second differential feeding circuit (22) are arranged on the on the first side surface of the second base material (31); the reflective surface (32) is located on the second side surface of the second base material (31). 2 . The antenna according to claim 1 , wherein the four copper-clad surfaces of the first radiation surface ( 11 ) have a diamond shape. 3 . 3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the four grooved surfaces of the second radiating surface (12) have a diamond shape. 4. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, the four copper-clad strips of the parasitic radiation surface (14) all have an isosceles trapezoid shape. 5. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, four copper-clad surfaces of the first radiation surface (11) are scaled in equal proportions and processed and cut into four copper-clad surfaces of the second radiation surface (12). Slotted surface. 6. The antenna of claim 1, wherein Each side of the first base material (13) is correspondingly provided with a copper-clad strip and two copper-clad surfaces; the outermost edge of the copper-clad strip is located at the outermost of the two copper-clad surfaces The edges are directly below and parallel to each other. 7. The antenna of claim 1, wherein The total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P11 of the first differential feeding circuit (21) and the total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P12 differ by half a wavelength, so that the phase difference between the branch outlet P11 and the branch outlet P12 is 180°C. °, together forming a first differential feeding circuit (21); The total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P21 and the total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P22 of the second differential feeding circuit (22) differ by half a wavelength, so that the phase difference between the branch outlet P21 and the branch outlet P22 is 180°C. °, which together form a second differential feeding circuit (22). 8. The antenna of claim 7, wherein The total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P11 of the first differential feeding circuit (21) is equal to the total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P21 of the second differential feeding circuit (22). The total length from the total inlet P1 to the branch outlet P12 of the circuit (21) is equal to the total length from the total inlet P2 to the branch outlet P22 of the second differential feeding circuit (22).

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