CN112115586B - Method for evaluating lightning stroke risk of high-speed railway track circuit system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lightning risk assessment method for a high-speed railway track circuit system. The method comprises the steps of establishing a multi-conductor transmission line model of a signal cable, a steel rail and the like and a centralized parameter equivalent circuit model of key equipment of a track circuit system based on a multi-conductor transmission line theory and frequency domain transmission characteristics, completing establishment of a track system lightning stroke transient calculation model, then calculating lightning overvoltage of the track circuit system of each section, obtaining the minimum lightning current amplitude causing damage of the section of the track circuit system, and finally calculating lightning stroke insulation damage times of the track circuit system per kilometer to obtain the lightning stroke damage rate of the track circuit system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of lightning protection of a high-speed railway track circuit system, and particularly relates to a lightning risk assessment method of the high-speed railway track circuit system.
Background
The high-speed railway in China is mostly laid in a viaduct mode, for example, the Jingjin intercity and the Jinghu high speed, the length of the viaduct reaches more than 80% of the total mileage, compared with the ordinary-speed railway laid on the ground, the height of a contact network is obviously increased, and the number of lightning strikes is obviously increased. The rail idle detection and control signal transmission in the train operation control are mainly realized by a rail circuit system, and the system is an uninsulated frequency shift automatic blocking system which is formed by using a railway steel rail as a transmission conductor.
The track circuit system is a weak current system laid along a track and is electrically communicated with a contact network strut, transient overvoltage generated when the contact network is struck by lightning easily invades into the track circuit system to cause equipment damage, the lightning strike frequency of the contact network is obviously increased, and the lightning strike fault risk level of the track circuit system is directly obviously increased. Operation experience shows that the condition that the track circuit system is damaged by lightning strike happens occasionally, and even safety accidents are caused. And the lightning risk assessment and analysis of the weak current system in the communication industry also lack quantitative means, if the series lightning protection standards are directly used, the whole high-speed rail signal system can be in an over-protection state or an under-protection state, so that economic loss is caused, and the existing protection strategies and measures in the communication industry are difficult to adapt to the design principle of 'fault-oriented safety' of a track circuit system. Therefore, in order to meet the safe and reliable operation requirements of the high-speed railway in China and combine the characteristics of the high-speed railway in China, the lightning stroke risk of the high-speed railway track circuit system is evaluated and analyzed, the lightning overvoltage of the track circuit system is calculated by establishing a lightning stroke transient model of the track circuit system, the lightning stroke damage rate of the track circuit system is further calculated, the lightning stroke protection measure scheme with the highest safety and economy of the high-speed railway track circuit system is provided, and the method has very important engineering value and social benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for evaluating the lightning stroke risk of a high-speed railway track circuit system, which aims at the problems that the damage of the track circuit system caused by the lightning stroke occurs frequently at present and even safety accidents are caused, and the lightning protection standard of the weak current system in the existing communication industry is not suitable for the design principle of 'fault-oriented safety' of the track circuit system.
The invention aims to realize the purpose, and provides a method for evaluating the lightning stroke risk of a high-speed railway track circuit system, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring basic parameters of a track circuit system, wherein the basic parameters comprise unit length parameters of a steel rail transmission line, unit length parameters of a signal cable transmission line, parameters of a contact net lead, lightning parameters and insulating lightning stroke tolerance level parameters of track circuit system equipment; obtaining a port frequency domain transfer characteristic of track circuit system key equipment by adopting a frequency sweep method, wherein the key equipment comprises a tuning matching unit, an analog network disk and an isolation transformer;
firstly, according to known observation data, recording a lightning current amplitude range to be estimated as a lightning current amplitude range A, wherein A is 0-300 kA; then dividing the lightning current amplitude range A into n intervals equally, taking the lightning current amplitude at the initial position of each interval as the lightning current amplitude of the evaluation point of the interval to obtain the lightning current amplitudes of the evaluation points of the n intervals, randomly selecting one interval from the n intervals and recording the lightning current amplitude of the evaluation point of the interval as the lightning current amplitude IjN, j ═ 1, 2.. n; and finally, forming a set of lightning current amplitudes of the n interval evaluation points, and recording the set as a set I, wherein I is { I ═ I }1，I2.......Ij......In}；
step 2.1, establishing a time domain transmission line equation of a signal cable transmission line model according to the unit length parameter of the signal cable transmission line, and establishing a transmission line model of the signal cable according to the time domain transmission line equation of the signal cable transmission line in the environment of simulation software ATP Draw;
the expression of the time domain transmission line equation of the signal cable transmission line model is as follows:
in the formula, x1For unit length of signal cable, U1For column vector, W, of voltage per unit length of signal cable transmission line1Being column vectors of current per unit length of the transmission line of the signal cable, Z1For signal cable transmission line unit length impedance matrix, Y1An admittance matrix for a unit length of a signal cable transmission line;
step 2.2, establishing a time domain transmission line equation of the steel rail transmission line model according to the unit length parameter of the steel rail transmission line and the multi-conductor transmission line theory, and establishing the steel rail transmission line model according to the time domain transmission line equation of the steel rail transmission line model in the environment of simulation software ATP Draw;
the expression of the time domain transmission line equation of the steel rail transmission line model is as follows:
in the formula, x2Is unit length of rail, U2For column vector, W, of voltage per unit length of rail line2Is the column vector of the current per unit length of the rail transmission line, Z2Is a unit length impedance matrix of a rail transmission line, Y2An admittance matrix is the unit length of the steel rail transmission line;
step 2.3, establishing a lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the key equipment of the track circuit system according to the port frequency domain transfer characteristic of the key equipment of the track circuit system, carrying out electric network equivalence on the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model, and establishing the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the key equipment of the track circuit system according to the lumped parameter equivalent circuit under the environment of simulation software ATP Draw;
2.4, according to the established steel rail transmission line model, the signal cable transmission line model and the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the key equipment of the track circuit system, under the environment of simulation software ATP Draw, completing the establishment of a lightning stroke transient calculation model of the track circuit system;
recording a section with a distance of 1 kilometer between two tuning sections of a track circuit system as a primary section, equally dividing the primary section according to the length m to obtain K secondary sections, and recording any one of the K secondary sections as a secondary section BhK, 1, 2.. K; the set of K secondary sections is denoted as set B, where B is { B }1，B2...Bh....Bk}；
Step 4, determining a secondary section BhMinimum lightning current amplitude Imin；
According to the lightning stroke transient calculation model of the track circuit system established in the step 2, in simulation software ATP Draw, a secondary section B is subjected tohSequentially from small to large input set I ═ I1，I2.......Ij......InEvaluating lightning current amplitudes of n interval evaluation points in the section B, and then calling an electromagnetic transient calculation program to calculate the secondary section BhLightning overvoltage amplitude U of track circuit systemTWhen the lightning overvoltage amplitude U of the track circuit system is obtained through calculationTWhen the lightning current amplitude is equal to the tolerance level of the insulated lightning stroke of the track circuit system equipment, recording the lightning current amplitude at the moment, and taking the lightning current amplitude as the lightning current amplitude which causes the secondary section BhMinimum lightning current amplitude I of damage to track circuit systemmin；
Step 5, in the second stage section BhInternally, calculating the lightning current amplitude IjWire impact distance r of contact network corresponding to intervalscAnd ground strike distance rgAnd calculating the lightning attraction width L of the contact net ground wireG；
Wire strike distance rcIs calculated as follows:
rc＝10Ij 0.65
the average height of catenary of the contact network is set as yTDistance of strike of the earth rgIs calculated as follows:
when y isT＜40m，rg＝[3.6+1.7ln(43-yT)]Ij 0.65
When y isT≥40m，rg＝5.5Ij 0.65
Lightning attraction width L of contact net ground wireGIs calculated as follows:
LG＝X1/2
wherein X1 is the exposed arc of ground wire
Exposed arc
Sum of projected widths on the earth;
step 6, in the second stage section BhInternally, calculating the lightning current amplitude IjInsulation damage frequency delta LSFR of lightning stroke of track circuit system in corresponding sectionhThe calculation formula is as follows:
ΔLSFRh＝0.2NgLGm(P(Ij)-P(Ij+1))
in the formula:
P(Ij+1) For lightning current amplitude exceeding Ij+1Probability of occurrence of lightning current;
Ngis the ground flash density, Ng2.78 times per square kilometer per year;
step 7, calculating a secondary section BhLSFR of track circuit system with insulation damage frequency caused by lightning strokeh；
Resolving the lightning current amplitude as I from the lightning current amplitude range AminA lightning current amplitude range C of 300kA, wherein n1 intervals are contained in the lightning current amplitude range C, and n1 is less than or equal to n;
for the lightning current amplitude range C, calculating the lightning stroke insulation damage times delta LSFR of the track circuit system one by one according to the method from the step 4 to the step 5hObtaining the number DeltaLSFR of insulation damage times of lightning stroke of n1 track circuit systemsh(ii) a Number of insulation damages caused by lightning strike on n1 track circuit systems Delta LSFRhAccumulating to obtain a second-stage segment BhLSFR of track circuit system with insulation damage frequency caused by lightning strokeh；
Step 8, calculating the number LSFR of lightning stroke insulation damage of the track circuit system per kilometer1km；
For the primary sections with the distance of 1 kilometer defined in the step 3, calculating the number LSFR of lightning stroke insulation damage times of the track circuit system one by one according to the method from the step 4 to the step 7hObtaining the number LSFR of times of insulation damage of K track circuit systems caused by lightning strokeh(ii) a Number of times LSFR for generating lightning stroke insulation damage to K track circuit systemshAccumulating to obtain the number LSFR of lightning stroke insulation damage of the track circuit system per kilometer1km；
Number of insulation damage times LSFR of lightning stroke of track circuit system per kilometer1kmIs calculated as follows:
step 9, calculating the lightning damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100km；
LSFR for insulating damage frequency of lightning stroke of track circuit system per kilometer1kmMultiplying by 100 to obtain the lightning stroke damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100kmAnd the lightning stroke damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100kmAs track circuit systemsJudging the lightning risk;
LSFR100km＝100×LSFR1km
preferably, the equivalent circuit of the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model in step 2 includes three nodes, three ground admittance branches of the three nodes, and three inter-node admittance branches; the three nodes are any three terminals of key equipment of the track circuit system and are respectively marked as a node 1, a node 2 and a node 3; the three ground admittance branches are a ground admittance branch P1 of node 1, a ground admittance branch P2 of node 2 and a ground admittance branch P3 of node 3, respectively; the three inter-node admittance branches are respectively marked as an inter-node admittance branch P12, an inter-node admittance branch P13 and an inter-node admittance branch P23, wherein the inter-node admittance branch P12 is connected between the node 1 and the node 2, the inter-node admittance branch P13 is connected between the node 1 and the node 3, and the inter-node admittance branch P23 is connected between the node 2 and the node 3.
Preferably, step 4 exposes an arc of the ground wire
Exposed arc
The acquisition mode is as follows: respectively using ground wire and contact net carrier cable as centre of circle and using conductor impact distance rcMaking an arc with a radius of larger than the ground striking distance rgMaking horizontal line for the height, intersecting the arc of the ground wire with the horizontal line, and intersecting the arc of the catenary cable with the arc of the ground wire to form an exposed arc of the ground wire
Exposed arc
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) an equivalent model of key equipment of the steel rail, the signal cable and the track circuit system is established, the lightning protection fault of the high-speed railway track circuit system can be quantitatively calculated and analyzed, and the lightning risk of the track circuit system is effectively evaluated;
2) the application of the invention can effectively help the high-speed railway operation management department to carry out the lightning protection design work based on the principle of 'fault-oriented safety' of the track circuit system, and improve the safety and the reliability of the high-speed railway operation.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a lumped-parameter equivalent circuit model in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of the lightning attraction range of the contact net conductor and the surrounding earth in the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the lightning strike risk assessment method of the high-speed railway track circuit system. As can be seen from the figure, the lightning stroke risk assessment method for the high-speed railway track circuit system comprises the following steps of:
Acquiring basic parameters of a track circuit system, wherein the basic parameters comprise unit length parameters of a steel rail transmission line, unit length parameters of a signal cable transmission line, parameters of a contact net lead, lightning parameters and insulating lightning stroke tolerance level parameters of track circuit system equipment; the method comprises the steps of obtaining port frequency domain transfer characteristics of track circuit system key equipment by adopting a frequency sweep method, wherein the key equipment comprises a tuning matching unit, an analog network disk and an isolation transformer.
Firstly, according to known observation data, recording a lightning current amplitude range to be estimated as a lightning current amplitude range A, wherein A is 0-300 kA; then dividing the lightning current amplitude range A into n intervals equally, taking the lightning current amplitude at the initial position of each interval as the lightning current amplitude of the evaluation point of the interval to obtain the lightning current amplitudes of the evaluation points of the n intervals, randomly selecting one interval from the n intervals and recording the lightning current amplitude of the evaluation point of the interval as the lightning current amplitude IjN, j ═ 1, 2.. n; and finally, forming a set of lightning current amplitudes of the n interval evaluation points, and recording the set as a set I, wherein I is { I ═ I }1，I2.......Ij......In}. In the present embodiment, n is 1000 to 2000.
And 2, establishing a lightning stroke transient calculation model of the track circuit system.
And 2.1, establishing a time domain transmission line equation of the signal cable transmission line model according to the unit length parameter of the signal cable transmission line, and establishing the transmission line model of the signal cable according to the time domain transmission line equation of the signal cable transmission line in the environment of simulation software ATP Draw.
The expression of the time domain transmission line equation of the signal cable transmission line model is as follows:
in the formula, x1For unit length of signal cable, U1For column vector, W, of voltage per unit length of signal cable transmission line1Being column vectors of current per unit length of the transmission line of the signal cable, Z1For signal cable transmission line unit length impedance matrix, Y1Is a signal cable transmission line unit length admittance matrix.
And 2.2, establishing a time domain transmission line equation of the steel rail transmission line model according to the unit length parameter of the steel rail transmission line and the multi-conductor transmission line theory, and establishing the steel rail transmission line model according to the time domain transmission line equation of the steel rail transmission line model in the environment of simulation software ATP Draw.
The expression of the time domain transmission line equation of the steel rail transmission line model is as follows:
in the formula, x2Is unit length of rail, U2For column vector, W, of voltage per unit length of rail line2Is the column vector of the current per unit length of the rail transmission line, Z2Is a unit length impedance matrix of a rail transmission line, Y2The unit length admittance matrix is a steel rail transmission line.
And 2.3, establishing a lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the key equipment of the track circuit system according to the port frequency domain transfer characteristic of the key equipment of the track circuit system, carrying out electric network equivalence on the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model, and establishing the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the key equipment of the track circuit system according to the lumped parameter equivalent circuit under the environment of simulation software ATP Draw.
Fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a lumped-parameter equivalent circuit model in an embodiment of the invention. As can be seen from the figure, in the present embodiment, the equivalent circuit of the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model includes three nodes, three ground admittance branches of the three nodes, and three inter-node admittance branches; the three nodes are any three terminals of key equipment of the track circuit system and are respectively marked as a node 1, a node 2 and a node 3; the three ground admittance branches are a ground admittance branch P1 of node 1, a ground admittance branch P2 of node 2 and a ground admittance branch P3 of node 3, respectively; the three inter-node admittance branches are respectively marked as an inter-node admittance branch P12, an inter-node admittance branch P13 and an inter-node admittance branch P23, wherein the inter-node admittance branch P12 is connected between the node 1 and the node 2, the inter-node admittance branch P13 is connected between the node 1 and the node 3, and the inter-node admittance branch P23 is connected between the node 2 and the node 3.
And 2.4, completing the establishment of a track circuit system lightning stroke transient calculation model under the environment of simulation software ATP Draw according to the established steel rail transmission line model, the signal cable transmission line model and the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the track circuit system key equipment.
Recording a section with a distance of 1 kilometer between two tuning sections of a track circuit system as a primary section, equally dividing the primary section according to the length m to obtain K secondary sections, and recording any one of the K secondary sections as a secondary section Bh，h＝1，2.....K；The set of K secondary sections is denoted as set B, where B is { B }1，B2...Bh....Bk}. In this embodiment, m is 50m, and K is 50.
Step 4, determining a secondary section BhMinimum lightning current amplitude Imin。
According to the lightning stroke transient calculation model of the track circuit system established in the step 2, in simulation software ATP Draw, a secondary section B is subjected tohSequentially from small to large input set I ═ I1，I2.......Ij......InEvaluating lightning current amplitudes of n interval evaluation points in the section B, and then calling an electromagnetic transient calculation program to calculate the secondary section BhLightning overvoltage amplitude U of track circuit systemTWhen the lightning overvoltage amplitude U of the track circuit system is obtained through calculationTWhen the lightning current amplitude is equal to the tolerance level of the insulated lightning stroke of the track circuit system equipment, recording the lightning current amplitude at the moment, and taking the lightning current amplitude as the lightning current amplitude which causes the secondary section BhMinimum lightning current amplitude I of damage to track circuit systemmin；
In this embodiment, the withstand level of the track circuit system device against insulated lightning strikes is 10 kV.
Step 5, in the second stage section BhInternally, calculating the lightning current amplitude IjWire impact distance r of contact network corresponding to intervalscAnd ground strike distance rgAnd calculating the lightning attraction width L of the contact net ground wireG。
Wire strike distance rcIs calculated as follows:
rc＝10Ij 0.65
the average height of catenary of the contact network is set as yTDistance of strike of the earth rgIs calculated as follows:
when y isT＜40m，rg＝[3.6+1.7ln(43-yT)]Ij 0.65
When y isT≥40m，rg＝5.5Ij 0.65
Lightning attraction width L of contact net ground wireGIs calculated as follows:
LG＝X1/2
wherein X1 is the exposed arc of ground wire
Exposed arc
Sum of projected widths on the ground.
In this embodiment, the exposed arc of the ground wire
Exposed arc
The acquisition mode is as follows: respectively using ground wire and contact net carrier cable as centre of circle and using conductor impact distance rcMaking an arc with a radius of larger than the ground striking distance rgMaking horizontal line for the height, intersecting the arc of the ground wire with the horizontal line, and intersecting the arc of the catenary cable with the arc of the ground wire to form an exposed arc of the ground wire
Exposed arc
FIG. 3 is a graph of the range of lightning attraction between the contact line conductor and the surrounding earth in an embodiment of the invention from which the arc of exposure can be seen
Exposed arc
The specific location of (a).
Step 6, in the second stage section BhInternally, calculating the lightning current amplitude IjInsulation damage frequency delta LSFR of lightning stroke of track circuit system in corresponding sectionhThe calculation formula is as follows:
ΔLSFRh＝0.2NgLGm(P(Ij)-P(Ij+1))
in the formula:
P(Ij+1) For lightning current amplitude exceeding Ij+1Probability of occurrence of lightning current;
Ngis the ground flash density, Ng2.78 times per square kilometer per year.
Step 7, calculating a secondary section BhLSFR of track circuit system with insulation damage frequency caused by lightning strokeh。
Resolving the lightning current amplitude as I from the lightning current amplitude range AminAnd a lightning current amplitude range C of about 300kA, wherein n1 intervals are contained in the lightning current amplitude range C, and n1 is less than or equal to n.
For the lightning current amplitude range C, calculating the lightning stroke insulation damage times delta LSFR of the track circuit system one by one according to the method from the step 4 to the step 5hObtaining the number DeltaLSFR of insulation damage times of lightning stroke of n1 track circuit systemsh(ii) a Number of insulation damages caused by lightning strike on n1 track circuit systems Delta LSFRhAccumulating to obtain a second-stage segment BhLSFR of track circuit system with insulation damage frequency caused by lightning strokeh。
Step 8, calculating the number LSFR of lightning stroke insulation damage of the track circuit system per kilometer1km。
For the primary sections with the distance of 1 kilometer defined in the step 3, calculating the number LSFR of lightning stroke insulation damage times of the track circuit system one by one according to the method from the step 4 to the step 7hObtaining the number LSFR of times of insulation damage of K track circuit systems caused by lightning strokeh(ii) a Number of times LSFR for generating lightning stroke insulation damage to K track circuit systemshAccumulating to obtain the number LSFR of lightning stroke insulation damage of the track circuit system per kilometer1km。
Number of insulation damage times LSFR of lightning stroke of track circuit system per kilometer1kmIs calculated as follows:
in this embodiment, the number of insulation damages LSFR due to lightning strikes per kilometer of the track circuit system1kmEvery kilometer year 0.0419 times.
Step 9, calculating the lightning damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100km。
LSFR for insulating damage frequency of lightning stroke of track circuit system per kilometer1kmMultiplying by 100 to obtain the lightning stroke damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100kmAnd the lightning stroke damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100kmThe method is used as a criterion for judging the lightning stroke risk of the track circuit system.
LSFR100km＝100×LSFR1km
In this embodiment, the lightning strike damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100km4.19 times per hundred kilometers per year.
According to the method, a multi-conductor transmission line model of the steel rail and the signal cable is established based on a multi-conductor transmission line theory, a tuning matching unit, a simulation network disk, an isolation transformer and other track circuit equipment centralized parameter equivalent circuit models are established based on frequency domain transmission characteristics, the establishment of a track system lightning stroke transient calculation model is realized in an ATP Draw environment of simulation software, then the lightning stroke overvoltage of the track circuit system is calculated, the minimum lightning current amplitude which causes the damage of the track circuit system is obtained, the lightning stroke damage rate of the track circuit system of the high-speed railway is calculated and analyzed, and the method for evaluating the lightning stroke risk of the track circuit system of the high-speed railway is provided, so that a high-reliability lightning protection scheme of the track circuit system meeting the requirement of high-speed railway fault guiding safety in China is formulated by combining the characteristics.
Claims (2)
1. A lightning stroke risk assessment method for a high-speed railway track circuit system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, collecting basic parameters of a track circuit system and setting a lightning current amplitude range;
acquiring basic parameters of a track circuit system, wherein the basic parameters comprise unit length parameters of a steel rail transmission line, unit length parameters of a signal cable transmission line, parameters of a contact net lead, lightning parameters and insulating lightning stroke tolerance level parameters of track circuit system equipment; obtaining a port frequency domain transfer characteristic of track circuit system key equipment by adopting a frequency sweep method, wherein the key equipment comprises a tuning matching unit, an analog network disk and an isolation transformer;
firstly, according to known observation data, recording a lightning current amplitude range to be estimated as a lightning current amplitude range A, wherein A is 0-300 kA; then dividing the lightning current amplitude range A into n intervals equally, taking the lightning current amplitude at the initial position of each interval as the lightning current amplitude of the evaluation point of the interval to obtain the lightning current amplitudes of the evaluation points of the n intervals, randomly selecting one interval from the n intervals and recording the lightning current amplitude of the evaluation point of the interval as the lightning current amplitude IjN, j ═ 1, 2.. n; and finally, forming a set of lightning current amplitudes of the n interval evaluation points, and recording the set as a set I, wherein I is { I ═ I }1，I2.......Ij......In}；
Step 2, establishing a track circuit system lightning stroke transient calculation model;
step 2.1, establishing a time domain transmission line equation of a signal cable transmission line model according to the unit length parameter of the signal cable transmission line, and establishing a transmission line model of the signal cable according to the time domain transmission line equation of the signal cable transmission line in the environment of simulation software ATP Draw;
the expression of the time domain transmission line equation of the signal cable transmission line model is as follows:
in the formula, x1For unit length of signal cable, U1For column vector, W, of voltage per unit length of signal cable transmission line1For current flow per unit length of signal cable transmission lineVector, Z1For signal cable transmission line unit length impedance matrix, Y1An admittance matrix for a unit length of a signal cable transmission line;
step 2.2, establishing a time domain transmission line equation of the steel rail transmission line model according to the unit length parameter of the steel rail transmission line and the multi-conductor transmission line theory, and establishing the steel rail transmission line model according to the time domain transmission line equation of the steel rail transmission line model in the environment of simulation software ATP Draw;
the expression of the time domain transmission line equation of the steel rail transmission line model is as follows:
in the formula, x2Is unit length of rail, U2For column vector, W, of voltage per unit length of rail line2Is the column vector of the current per unit length of the rail transmission line, Z2Is a unit length impedance matrix of a rail transmission line, Y2An admittance matrix is the unit length of the steel rail transmission line;
step 2.3, establishing a lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the key equipment of the track circuit system according to the port frequency domain transfer characteristic of the key equipment of the track circuit system, carrying out electric network equivalence on the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model, and establishing the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the key equipment of the track circuit system according to the lumped parameter equivalent circuit under the environment of simulation software ATP Draw;
2.4, according to the established steel rail transmission line model, the signal cable transmission line model and the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model of the key equipment of the track circuit system, under the environment of simulation software ATP Draw, completing the establishment of a lightning stroke transient calculation model of the track circuit system;
step 3, primary section and secondary section BhSetting (2);
recording a section with a distance of 1 kilometer between two tuning sections of a track circuit system as a primary section, equally dividing the primary section according to the length m to obtain K secondary sections, and recording any one of the K secondary sections as a secondary sectionSection BhK, 1, 2.. K; the set of K secondary sections is denoted as set B, where B is { B }1，B2...Bh....Bk}；
Step 4, determining a secondary section BhMinimum lightning current amplitude Imin；
According to the lightning stroke transient calculation model of the track circuit system established in the step 2, in simulation software ATP Draw, a secondary section B is subjected tohSequentially from small to large input set I ═ I1，I2.......Ij......InEvaluating lightning current amplitudes of n interval evaluation points in the section B, and then calling an electromagnetic transient calculation program to calculate the secondary section BhLightning overvoltage amplitude U of track circuit systemTWhen the lightning overvoltage amplitude U of the track circuit system is obtained through calculationTWhen the lightning current amplitude is equal to the tolerance level of the insulated lightning stroke of the track circuit system equipment, recording the lightning current amplitude at the moment, and taking the lightning current amplitude as the lightning current amplitude which causes the secondary section BhMinimum lightning current amplitude I of damage to track circuit systemmin；
Step 5, in the second stage section BhInternally, calculating the lightning current amplitude IjWire impact distance r of contact network corresponding to intervalscAnd ground strike distance rgAnd calculating the lightning attraction width L of the contact net ground wireG；
Wire strike distance rcIs calculated as follows:
rc＝10Ij 0.65
the average height of catenary of the contact network is set as yTDistance of strike of the earth rgIs calculated as follows:
when y isT＜40m，rg＝[3.6+1.7ln(43-yT)]Ij 0.65
When y isT≥40m，rg＝5.5Ij 0.65
Lightning attraction width L of contact net ground wireGIs calculated as follows:
LG＝X1/2
wherein X1 is the exposed arc of ground wire
Exposed arc
Sum of projected widths on the earth;
exposed arc of the ground wire
Exposed arc
The acquisition mode is as follows: respectively using ground wire and contact net carrier cable as centre of circle and using conductor impact distance rcMaking an arc with a radius of larger than the ground striking distance rgMaking horizontal line for the height, intersecting the arc of the ground wire with the horizontal line, and intersecting the arc of the catenary cable with the arc of the ground wire to form an exposed arc of the ground wire
Exposed arc
Step 6, in the second stage section BhInternally, calculating the lightning current amplitude IjInsulation damage frequency delta LSFR of lightning stroke of track circuit system in corresponding sectionhThe calculation formula is as follows:
ΔLSFRh＝0.2NgLGm(P(Ij)-P(Ij+1))
in the formula:
P(Ij+1) For lightning current amplitude exceeding Ij+1Probability of occurrence of lightning current;
Ngis the ground flash density, Ng2.78 times per square kilometer per year;
step 7, calculating a secondary section BhLSFR of track circuit system with insulation damage frequency caused by lightning strokeh；
Resolving the lightning current amplitude as I from the lightning current amplitude range AminA lightning current amplitude range C of 300kA, wherein n1 intervals are contained in the lightning current amplitude range C, and n1 is less than or equal to n;
for the lightning current amplitude range C, calculating the lightning stroke insulation damage times delta LSFR of the track circuit system one by one according to the method from the step 4 to the step 5hObtaining the number DeltaLSFR of insulation damage times of lightning stroke of n1 track circuit systemsh(ii) a Number of insulation damages caused by lightning strike on n1 track circuit systems Delta LSFRhAccumulating to obtain a second-stage segment BhLSFR of track circuit system with insulation damage frequency caused by lightning strokeh；
Step 8, calculating the number LSFR of lightning stroke insulation damage of the track circuit system per kilometer1km；
For the primary sections with the distance of 1 kilometer defined in the step 3, calculating the number LSFR of lightning stroke insulation damage times of the track circuit system one by one according to the method from the step 4 to the step 7hObtaining the number LSFR of times of insulation damage of K track circuit systems caused by lightning strokeh(ii) a Number of times LSFR for generating lightning stroke insulation damage to K track circuit systemshAccumulating to obtain the number LSFR of lightning stroke insulation damage of the track circuit system per kilometer1km；
Number of insulation damage times LSFR of lightning stroke of track circuit system per kilometer1kmIs calculated as follows:
step 9, calculating the lightning damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100km；
LSFR for insulating damage frequency of lightning stroke of track circuit system per kilometer1kmMultiplying by 100 to obtain the lightning stroke damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100kmAnd the lightning stroke damage rate LSFR of the track circuit system100kmThe method is used as a criterion for judging the lightning stroke risk of the track circuit system;
LSFR100km＝100×LSFR1km。
2. the method for assessing the risk of lightning strikes on a high-speed railway track circuit system according to claim 1, wherein the equivalent circuit of the lumped parameter equivalent circuit model in the step 2 comprises three nodes, three ground admittance branches of the three nodes, and three inter-node admittance branches; the three nodes are any three terminals of key equipment of the track circuit system and are respectively marked as a node 1, a node 2 and a node 3; the three ground admittance branches are a ground admittance branch P1 of node 1, a ground admittance branch P2 of node 2 and a ground admittance branch P3 of node 3, respectively; the three inter-node admittance branches are respectively marked as an inter-node admittance branch P12, an inter-node admittance branch P13 and an inter-node admittance branch P23, wherein the inter-node admittance branch P12 is connected between the node 1 and the node 2, the inter-node admittance branch P13 is connected between the node 1 and the node 3, and the inter-node admittance branch P23 is connected between the node 2 and the node 3.
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