CN112114440A - Method for realizing 3D display of mobile phone screen protection film - Google Patents
Method for realizing 3D display of mobile phone screen protection film Download PDFInfo
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- CN112114440A CN112114440A CN201910534296.8A CN201910534296A CN112114440A CN 112114440 A CN112114440 A CN 112114440A CN 201910534296 A CN201910534296 A CN 201910534296A CN 112114440 A CN112114440 A CN 112114440A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000004709 eyebrow Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920001621 AMOLED Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001815 facial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001747 pupil Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a naked eye 3D display method. The 3D screen film protection comprises a lenticular grating film (1), a low-refractive-index glue filling layer (15), a movable glue layer (16), a toughened glass layer (17) and other multilayer structures, the viewing distance of 3D display is shortened to a normal handheld range through increasing the included angle theta between a lenticular grating line (7) and the vertical direction, so that the naked eye 3D display can be realized by handheld devices such as mobile phones and PADs through externally pasting the screen film protection, and the screen protection effect is achieved. The smart mobile phone is pasted with the 3D grating film, and 3D shooting and displaying can be realized by matching with a special APP, and meanwhile 2D displaying and touch functions are not affected.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention relates to a naked eye 3D display method which can be used for 3D display of images and videos of personal handheld equipment such as smart phones and PADs.
Background art:
the 3D grating is an important device for realizing naked eye 3D display, and the 3D grating mainly comprises a lenticular grating and a slit grating which are respectively obtained according to convex lens imaging and pinhole imaging principles and through one-dimensional simplification. One important characteristic of 3D gratings is: the light rays emitted from two adjacent pixels on the display plane go through the optical center of a cylindrical mirror unit or a slit and then exit straight, as shown in fig. 1. For the display screen on the handheld device, the viewing distance H is approximately equal to 350mm, the pupil distance L of human eyes is approximately equal to 65mm, and the point distance P of the 5.5-inch 1080P display screen is approximately equal to 0.063mm, so that the focal distance D of the 3D grating can be estimated to be approximately equal to 0.34 mm. Considering the distance from the pixel plane to the outer side of the display screen and the thickness of the 3D grating film (1), the 3D grating can only be placed between the touch screen and the display screen under such a short focal distance, namely, an inner film pasting mode.
With the adoption of a naked eye 3D mobile phone and a PAD with an inner film, nearly 10 brands appear in the current market, as shown in figure 2, the direction of a lenticular line (7) is vertical and is parallel to a short edge (8) of a mobile phone screen, and each grating corresponds to two rows of pixels on the left and right. Its advantage is less saw-teeth feeling caused by raster when watching 2D image and words. However, the limitations imposed by this solution are also quite evident: firstly, the grating and the screen pixel need to be strictly matched, and the yield is low; secondly, the display screens with different pixel point distances need to process grating molds with different parameters, so that the cost is high; thirdly, the light and shade flicker phenomenon of the screen is not easy to eliminate; fourth, in this solution, the eye tracking technology cannot be effectively applied, which is not favorable for improving the degree of freedom of hand-held viewing.
The more great market demand is that the realization bore hole 3D shows through outer pad pasting technique, and arbitrary smart mobile phone pastes the 3D screen guarantor film promptly, can reach the purpose of protecting the screen, and the cooperation APP can also realize bore hole 3D and show, keeps 2D demonstration and touch function unaffected simultaneously. At present, 3D mobile phone shells and protective films adopting an external film pasting technology appear in the market, and as shown in fig. 3, an included angle theta between a lenticular line (7) and the vertical direction is generally about 15 degrees. The grating arranged in an offset mode can adapt to various display screens, strict matching is not needed, obvious bright and dark flicker is avoided, the degree of freedom of viewing can be improved by tracking human eyes, and therefore the optical grating is very suitable for realizing naked eye 3D application with low cost in a mode of protecting a film of a mobile phone screen. However, due to the characteristic of separating light by the 3D grating, several current external film products have the problem of too long viewing distance, which is larger than the normal holding distance, and the viewing distance is more than 600mm, so that the mobile phone cannot normally view 3D images.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention discloses a naked eye 3D display method, which shortens the viewing distance of 3D display realized by externally pasting a grating film to a normal handheld range by increasing the included angle theta between a lenticular line (7) and the vertical direction, so that the naked eye 3D display can be realized by handheld equipment such as a mobile phone, a PAD and the like through externally pasting a screen and protecting the film.
We see a 3D image with left-right parallax, typically with the lenticular lines (7) in the vertical direction, as shown in fig. 2. Considering the matching with the pixel and sub-pixel structure of the display screen, the grating is sometimes installed in an offset manner, as shown in fig. 3, the included angle theta between the lenticular line (7) and the vertical direction is generally not more than 25 degrees, an excessive angle can cause the left and right light splitting capability of the grating to be reduced, and when theta is close to 90 degrees, the left and right light splitting capability is lost, and a 3D image cannot be displayed. Although an increase in θ will reduce the beam splitting capability, there is also the advantage that the problem of too large a nearest observable distance can be solved, with a large tilt angle grating offset mounting as shown in fig. 4.
At a typical viewing distance of 35cm, using the vertical raster approach, θ is 0 °, both eyes fall outside the 3D viewing zone, as shown in fig. 5A; when θ increases to 45 °, both eyes fall at the edge within the 3D viewing zone, as shown in fig. 5B; when θ increases to 60 °, both eyes fall at the center of the 3D viewing zone, as shown in fig. 5C. The 3D visual area refers to the space position of human eyes when the naked eyes watch the 3D image, the left eye (5) is required to be positioned in the left visual area (10), the right eye (6) is required to be positioned in the right visual area (11), and the comfortable 3D image cannot be seen outside the visual area or at the position of a reverse visual area. Consider the following 3 factors:
1) the 3D visual area edge area is easy to cause the crosstalk of left and right images;
2) too large theta will weaken the light splitting capability;
3) a decrease in grating pitch increases the viewing distance.
By combining the pixel point distance of a mobile phone screen and the minimum focal length which can be reached by the screen protection film grating, the screen protection film grating is installed in a large inclination angle mode in a biased mode to achieve the purpose of the invention. The optimized design parameters of the 3D screen film protection are as follows:
1) the included angle theta between the lenticular line (7) and the vertical direction is set within the range of 60 +/-5 degrees;
2) the grating pitch ranges from 160 to 200 LPI.
The grating with the line number lower than 160LPI can sense more obvious saw tooth feeling when reading 2D web pages or fine characters; gratings higher than 200LPI are more difficult to solve for left and right image crosstalk and closest viewing distance problems.
The three-dimensional image interwoven by the left and right parallaxes is called an interwoven image for short. The 3D mobile phone adopting the large-inclination-angle grating screen film protection configuration is unstable when being watched by hands, and the 3D visual area is separated from the eyes of people by slightly shaking the mobile phone, so that the images are mixed or reversed, and the dizziness is caused. In order to obtain a comfortable and stable impression, an eye tracking technology is required to be adopted to identify the position of the eyes relative to the mobile phone screen, and the position deviation of the interlaced image on the screen is compensated in real time, so that the 3D visual area is always aligned to the left eye and the right eye of the user.
The image interlacing method relates to specific pixel and sub-pixel structures of display screens, and in order to adapt to mobile phones with different types of display screens such as LCD (liquid crystal display), AMOLED (active matrix organic light emitting diode) and the like, the screen is divided into interlacing areas according to the grid pitch P of a grating film, the inclination angle theta of the grating and the offset 1 of an interface line (12). As shown in fig. 6, the interleaved regions are formed by left-image splines (13) and right-image splines (14) which are interleaved, and the middle is divided by a virtual boundary line (12), and the boundary line (12) neither exactly corresponds to the gap between pixels or sub-pixels, nor occupies the actual pixel space. According to the specific mapping method of the display images of the LCD and the AMOLED screen, the sub-pixels of the corresponding area of the left view image are filled into a left image spline (13) area, and the sub-pixels of the corresponding area of the right view image are filled into a right image spline (14) area, so that an interlaced image is formed.
The human eye tracking technology is that a front camera of a mobile phone or a PAD is used for shooting a facial image of a user in real time, position coordinates of two eyes in the image are identified, and two parameters are output according to the position coordinates of the left eye and the right eye: the center point (hereinafter referred to as the eyebrow center) offset F (x, y) between the left and right eyes, and the distance (hereinafter referred to as the eye image distance) L between the left and right eyes of the image. The eyebrow center offset F (x, y) is a function of the eyebrow center coordinates (x, y) for setting the offset L of the boundary line (12) of the interlaced region, and the eye image distance L is used for correcting the pitch P of the interlaced region. The purpose of eye tracking is to translate the interweaving area in real time according to the offset 1 set by the eyebrow center coordinate, so that the boundary line (12) is always mapped to the eyebrow center position through raster imaging. The translation direction of the interweaving area can be left and right, and the offset is l/cos theta; or up and down, and the offset is l/sin theta; maximum offset value l of boundary line (12) in normal direction (i.e. perpendicular direction of raster line on screen)maxEqual to the pitch P.
When the mobile phone screen protection film is attached, the position and the angle theta of the grating have certain random deviation, and an initial interweaving area needs to be calibrated. The two eyes are fixed at the position which is about 35cm in front of a transversely placed mobile phone screen, a front camera shoots a human face picture, and the eyebrow coordinates and the eye image distance L are calibrated. The left image spline (13) area of the interweaving area is filled with white, and the right image spline (14) area is filled with blackThe color is adjusted by carefully adjusting the inclination angle theta of the interlaced region, the pitch P of the interlaced region, and the offset position of the boundary line (12). When the left eye is closed, the right eye sees that the whole screen displays uniform black, and the right eye is closed, and the left eye sees that the whole screen displays uniform white, the interweaving area and the human eye position on the screen are marked as the initial state, and theta at the moment is recorded0、P0、W0、F(x0，y0)、L0Wherein W is0For the initial state of the interleaved region, a shift occurs with F (x, y).
The grating arranged at a large inclination angle greatly influences a 3D visual area by longitudinal turning of the mobile phone, the mobile phone screen is slowly turned from top to bottom, and the eyebrow coordinates (x) when the left eye sees white and the right eye sees black are recordedn，yn) Wherein n is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …. The angle between the normal direction of the grating line and the long X-axis of the screen is theta, and a coordinate point (X) is calculatedn，yn) The average distance between all mapped points perpendicular to the normal, denoted F0。
The specific ways of calibrating the interweaving area are various, the interweaving area calibration method has equivalence with the method described by the invention, and after calibration:
1)θ＝θ0fixing the materials;
2) the pitch P is fine-tuned according to the eye image pitch L, but can be further simplified, P0Grid pitch, P, corresponding to a viewing distance of 35cm1Corresponding to a grid distance of 50cm, according to an eye image distance L/L0Judging the currently adopted grid pitch value according to the value of the grid pitch;
3) calculating (x, y) and (x)0，y0) Distance F of mapping points of two points in normal direction of grating lineL，1＝(F1/F0N) P, N is a suitable positive integer, 1 < P, and the offset l is adjusted in real time with F (x, y).
When the ambient light is dark, the backlight is used, or the user watches the glasses, the recognition rate of the human eye tracking algorithm to the human eyes is not high, and the improvement method comprises the following steps:
1) only one eye can be identified;
2) taking a link between a spectacle frame or a left spectacle and a right spectacle as an identification characteristic;
3) combining the dual recognition characteristics of the glasses frame and the eyes, and outputting the eyebrow center coordinates F (x, y);
4) within the effective viewing distance range, the eye image distance L has small change and can be regarded as a fixed value L0When only one eye can be recognized, the eyebrow coordinates (x, y) can be output.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a lenticular grating beam splitter.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a lenticular film in a vertical configuration.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a lenticular film in a tilted configuration.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a lenticular film in a high tilt configuration.
Fig. 5A is a schematic view of a 3D viewing area of a 0 ° slanted grating.
Figure 5B is a schematic view of a 3D viewing area of a 45 ° slanted grating.
Figure 5C is a schematic view of a 3D viewing area of a 60 ° slanted grating.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of screen interleaving region division.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D screen protection film of a mobile phone.
The reference numbers in the figures are as follows:
1 lenticular grating film, 2 pixel planes, 3 left emergent rays, 4 right emergent rays, 5 left eyes, 6 right eyes, 7 lenticular grating lines, 8 mobile phone screen short sides, 9 mobile phone screen long sides, 10 left view areas, 11 right view areas, 12 boundary lines, 13 left figure splines, 14 right figure splines, 15 low-refractive-index glue filling layers, 16 removable glue layers and 17 toughened glass layers.
According to the 3D screen protection film disclosed by the invention, the viewing distance is shortened by increasing the inclination angle of the grating, so that the naked eye 3D display of handheld equipment such as a mobile phone and a PAD (PAD application) can be realized by an external film pasting technology, and meanwhile, the 3D screen protection film has a screen protection effect. Compared with a special naked eye 3D mobile phone with an internal grating film, the production cost and the market popularization difficulty are reduced.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the 3D screen protection film is composed of a lenticular grating film (1), a low-refractive-index glue filling layer (15), a movable glue layer (16), a toughened glass layer (17) and other multilayer structures, wherein the toughened glass layer (17) is not necessary. The removable adhesive layer (16) is attached to the mobile phone screen, and the convex surface of the lenticular grating film (1) can be back to the screen as shown in fig. 7A or just to the screen as shown in fig. 7B. The convex structure can influence laminating and touch-control quality, with low refracting index glue filling layer (15) levelling, forms no prism mirror grating, outer toughened glass layer (17) play support and prevent the effect of fish tail. The refractive index of the low-refractive-index glue is generally 1.3-1.4, the refractive index of the lenticular grating layer is generally 1.50-1.7, and the relative refractive index of the two layers is reduced, so that the curvature radius of the lenticular grating needs to be carefully calculated and experimentally corrected, and the focal length meets the requirement of image focusing. The 3D screen protection film grating is installed in a large inclination angle offset mode, the included angle theta between the lenticular grating line (7) and the vertical direction is set within the range of 60 +/-5 degrees, the grating pitch range is 160-200LPI, and the range of P is 0.127-0.159 mm.
The 3D screen protection film is used as an externally-attached grating, the grating is obliquely configured, and through the parameter setting of the mobile phone APP, the same grating can adapt to different mobile phone screens and does not need to be strictly aligned when being attached to the mobile phone screens.
And (3) attaching the 3D screen protection film to a mobile phone screen, and carrying out 3D initialization in a manual calibration or automatic calibration mode. The manual calibration method comprises the following steps: the two eyes are positioned at about 35cm right in front of a transversely placed mobile phone screen and are fixed, an interweaving area W is created by using preset values of theta and P, white is filled in a left image spline (13) area of the interweaving area, black is filled in a right image spline (14) area of the interweaving area, the inclination angle theta of the interweaving area, the grid pitch P of the interweaving area and the offset position of a boundary line (12) are slowly adjusted, when the left eye is closed, the right eye sees that the whole screen displays uniform black, the right eye is closed, and the left eye sees that the whole screen displays uniform white, the positions of the interweaving area and human eyes on the screen are calibrated at the moment, and initialization is completed. The automatic calibration method comprises the following steps: a mirror parallel to a screen is placed at about 175mm in front of the screen, an image of a mobile phone or a Pad front camera in the mirror is just positioned at the left side or the right side of 350mm in front of the screen, the position is equivalent to the position of the left eye or the right eye of a user, an interweaving area W is created by using preset values of theta and P, white is filled in a left image spline (13) area of the interweaving area, black is filled in a right image spline (14) area, the inclination angle theta of the interweaving area, the grid pitch P of the interweaving area and the offset position of an intersection line (12) are slowly adjusted, the whole screen shot by the camera positioned at the left side is white, or the whole screen shot by the camera positioned at the right side is black, and meanwhile, the ratio of the screen size to the actual screen size in the image.
The front camera shoots a facial image of a user in real time, position coordinates of two eyes in the image are identified, an offset 1 of a boundary line (12) of an interweaving area w is set according to eyebrow coordinates (x, y), a grid pitch P of the interweaving area is corrected according to an eye image pitch L, a left-view image is always seen by a left eye, a right-view image is always seen by a right eye, and 3D vision is formed.
Because the grating of the 3D screen protective film is placed at a large inclination angle, the mobile phone screen can display 3D images when being horizontally placed and vertically placed, and the difference is that the viewing distance is short when the mobile phone screen is horizontally displayed and the mobile phone screen is in a normal handheld range; when the vertical screen displays, the viewing distance is slightly far, so that the user can extend the arm to view the image, but the 3D image is more stable.
Claims (10)
1. A naked eye 3D display method enables handheld equipment such as a mobile phone and a PAD to display 3D images by externally pasting a 3D screen protection film, and is characterized in that the 3D screen protection film at least comprises a lenticular grating film (1), a removable adhesive layer (16) and other multilayer structures, the transverse size of a 3D visual area is expanded by increasing an included angle theta between a lenticular grating line (7) and the vertical direction, and the optimal viewing distance of the 3D images is shortened to a normal handheld range.
2. A naked eye 3D display method according to claim 1, further characterized in that the angle θ of the lenticular line (7) to the vertical is set in the range of 60 ± 5 °.
3. The naked eye 3D display method according to claim 2, wherein the lenticular grating pitch range is 160-200 LPI.
4. The naked eye 3D display method according to claim 1, further characterized in that the 3D screen protection film is composed of a multi-layer structure of a lenticular film (1), a low refractive index glue filling layer (15), a removable glue layer (16) and a toughened glass layer (17), and the convex surface of the lenticular film (1) can be back to or right to the screen.
5. The naked eye 3D display method of claim 3, further characterized in that the grating pitch is set to two steps, P0Grid pitch, P, corresponding to a viewing distance of 35cm1Corresponding to a grid distance of 50cm, according to an eye image distance L/L0To determine the currently used pitch value.
6. The naked eye 3D display method according to claim 5, further characterized in that a human eye tracking technology is adopted, the front camera shoots the face image of the user in real time, the position coordinates of two eyes in the image are identified, the offset L of the boundary line (12) of the interlacing area w is set according to the eyebrow coordinates (x, y), the grid pitch P of the interlacing area is corrected according to the eye image pitch L, the left-view image which is always seen by the left eye is ensured, the right-view image is always seen by the right eye, and 3D vision is formed.
7. The naked eye 3D display method of claim 6, further characterized by calculating (x, y) and (x)0，y0) Distance F of mapping points of two points in normal direction of grating lineL，l＝(FL/F0N) P, N being a suitable positive integer, satisfying 1 < P, the offset l being adjusted in real time with F (x, y).
8. The naked-eye 3D display method according to claim 6 or 7, further characterized in that when the ambient light is dark or backlight and the human eye recognition rate is not high, only one eye can be recognized, and the eye image distance L does not change much in the effective viewing distance range and serves as a fixed value L0The eyebrow center coordinates (x, y) can be directly output.
9. The naked-eye 3D display method according to claim 6 or 7, further characterized in that when a user watches with glasses, the success rate of outputting the eyebrow center coordinates (x, y) by the eye tracking algorithm is improved by taking the whole glasses frame or the link in the middle of the glasses as the identification feature.
10. The naked-eye 3D display method according to claim 6 or 7, further characterized in that when a user watches with glasses, the success rate of outputting the eyebrow center coordinates (x, y) by the eye tracking algorithm is improved by combining the dual recognition features of the glasses frame and the eyes.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| RU222261U1 (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-12-18 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тверской государственный технический университет" | Smartphone |
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| CN107885325A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-04-06 | 上海玮舟微电子科技有限公司 | A kind of bore hole 3D display method and control system based on tracing of human eye |
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2019
- 2019-06-20 CN CN201910534296.8A patent/CN112114440A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2012026128A1 (en) * | 2010-08-27 | 2012-03-01 | 株式会社ピクトロニクス | Glasses-free 3d display device |
| CN105676473A (en) * | 2016-04-18 | 2016-06-15 | 苏州苏大维格光电科技股份有限公司 | Naked-eye 3D display device and method for realizing naked-eye 3D display |
| CN107885325A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-04-06 | 上海玮舟微电子科技有限公司 | A kind of bore hole 3D display method and control system based on tracing of human eye |
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| RU222261U1 (en) * | 2023-06-06 | 2023-12-18 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Тверской государственный технический университет" | Smartphone |
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