CN112114437A - Three-dimensional display method for realizing large visual area and small visual point spacing - Google Patents
Three-dimensional display method for realizing large visual area and small visual point spacing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a three-dimensional display method for realizing the distance between a large visual area and a small visual point. Each aperture and optical characteristics of any aperture array correspond to optical characteristics of each sub-screen and emergent light thereof one by one, so that the light intensity transmittance ratio of the emergent light of each aperture corresponding to the sub-screen to the emergent light of the adjacent sub-screen of the corresponding sub-screen is more than 9; and the corresponding different apertures of the sub-screens in the different aperture arrays are arranged adjacently in a space with a distance less than or equal to the diameter of the pupil. At one point in time, only one of the aperture arrays is opened, and each aperture array is cyclically opened in turn at adjacent points in time. And at each time point, synchronously loading view information on each sub-screen relative to the corresponding opening aperture. When the time sequence cycle switching period of each aperture array is sufficiently small, three-dimensional display of the large visual area and the small visual point distance can be realized based on visual retention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to three-dimensional display, in particular to a three-dimensional display technology capable of realizing the distance between a large visual area and a small visual point.
Background
Existing three-dimensional displays are mainly based on stereoscopic technology. The stereoscopic technique achieves presentation of three-dimensional depth by projecting only one view to each of the viewer's binoculars, utilizing the convergence of the binoculars in space. However, in order to clearly see the respective views of the two eyes, the viewer needs to focus his/her eyes on the display surface. Thus, there is disparity between the binocular convergence distance and the monocular focus distance. When a real object is observed naturally, the cone-shaped beam from the real object point covers both eyes of the observer. This cone-shaped beam naturally focuses the observer's eye on the object point. That is, a real spatial scene is observed in a natural situation, and the focusing distance and the converging distance are consistent. Therefore, this disparity inherent in stereoscopic techniques, i.e., focus-convergence conflicts, violates the physiological habits of the human body. In fact, this focus-convergence conflict is the main cause of visual fatigue that hinders the bottleneck problem of the three-dimensional display technology.
Patent 2016102578496 (a time DIVISION MULTIPLEXING module and METHOD for increasing the number OF views presented), patent 201610212222.9 (a multi-view THREE-dimensional display system and METHOD), patent 201610304663.1 (a spatial MULTIPLEXING module and METHOD for increasing the number OF views presented), PCT15/481,467 (this-vision DISPLAY SYSTEM BASED ON vision ON multiple views OF THE VIEWER 'S ENTRANCE-PUPIL AND DISPLAY metal thermal) describe a light field THREE-dimensional display system and METHOD BASED ON small pitch (less than or equal to the diameter OF the observer's PUPIL) views, which achieve the overcoming OF focus-convergence conflicts by entering one eye OF the observer, superimposing light beams from different views, forming a real spatial spot ON which the eye can naturally focus. In the above patent, the technique of the time division multiplexing method is used, and a small pitch aperture is opened at a time point. The large viewing area can be realized only by requiring more apertures with small spacing, and therefore more apertures need to be opened correspondingly in turn at more adjacent time points of a cycle period, so that the technology disclosed in the patent has higher requirements on the refresh frequency of the display screen when the technology is used for presenting a large-viewing-angle light field.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problem that in the prior art, the requirement on the refresh frequency of a display screen is too high due to the fact that a plurality of apertures are sequentially and correspondingly opened at a plurality of adjacent time points when the three-dimensional display of the large visual area and the small visual point distance is realized, the invention provides the following scheme.
A three-dimensional display method for the distance between a large visual area and a small visual point comprises the following steps:
(i) dividing a display screen into M sub-screens, designing a group of aperture arrays corresponding to one pupil of an observer, wherein the group of aperture arrays comprises N aperture arrays which are arranged in front of the pupil and can be switched in a time sequence mode, each aperture array consists of M apertures which are in one-to-one correspondence with the sub-screens, and the different apertures corresponding to the sub-screens in different aperture arrays are adjacently arranged in a space with an interval smaller than or equal to the diameter of the pupil, wherein N is larger than or equal to 2, and M is larger than or equal to 2; the sub-screens and the corresponding apertures are characterized in that the sub-screens and the corresponding apertures have an exclusive characteristic, and the exclusive characteristic enables the ratio of the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of each sub-screen to the corresponding aperture of each sub-screen to the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of the sub-screen to the corresponding aperture of the adjacent sub-screen to be more than 9;
(ii) at a point in time, opening one of the N aperture arrays and closing the other aperture arrays; and each sub-screen carries out view loading relative to the corresponding aperture in the open aperture array;
(iii) (iii) performing step (ii) sequentially corresponding to each time point at N adjacent time points such that the N aperture arrays are sequentially opened and each sub-screen synchronously refreshes and displays the corresponding view at each time point according to step (ii);
(iv) (iv) repeating step (iii).
Further, the emergent light of each sub-screen has a linear polarization characteristic, the polarization directions of the emergent linear polarized light of the adjacent sub-screens are perpendicular to each other, namely the polarization directions of any two adjacent emergent linear polarized light are perpendicular to each other, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light allowed to pass through when the corresponding aperture of each sub-screen is opened is consistent with the polarization direction of the emergent linear polarized light of the sub-screen.
Furthermore, the emergent light of each sub-screen has a rotating polarization characteristic, the rotating directions of the emergent rotating polarized light of adjacent sub-screens are opposite, that is, the rotating directions of the emergent rotating polarized light of any two adjacent sub-screens are opposite, namely, the rotating directions are left-handed and right-handed respectively, and the rotating direction of the allowed rotating polarized light of each sub-screen is consistent with the rotating direction of the emergent rotating polarized light of the sub-screen when the corresponding aperture of each sub-screen is opened.
Further, emergent light of the display screen can be guided to the N aperture arrays through the relay optical assembly, and the image of the display screen relative to the relay optical assembly is used as an equivalent display screen for view loading.
Further, the optical assembly is a projection lens, a plane mirror, a half mirror, a free-form surface optical assembly, and an optical waveguide which have an imaging effect on the display screen and/or a deflection effect on the transmission direction of the emergent light of the display screen, or an assembly formed by combining two or more of the projection lens, the plane mirror, the half mirror, the free-form surface optical assembly, and the optical waveguide.
In order to overcome the above problems, the present invention further proposes the following solutions, wherein the two eyes of the observer can receive the multiple views from the single display screen respectively:
a three-dimensional display method for realizing the distance between a large visual area and a small visual point comprises the following steps:
(i) dividing a display screen into M sub-screens, designing two groups of arrays, wherein the two groups of arrays correspond to two pupils of an observer one by one, each group of aperture arrays comprises N aperture arrays capable of being switched in a time sequence mode, the aperture arrays are arranged in front of the pupils corresponding to the aperture arrays, for each group of aperture arrays, each aperture array of the aperture arrays consists of M apertures corresponding to the sub-screens one by one, and different corresponding apertures of the sub-screens in different aperture arrays of the aperture arrays are adjacently arranged in a space with the space interval smaller than or equal to the diameter of the pupils, wherein N is larger than or equal to 2, and M is larger than or equal to 2;
for each group of aperture arrays, the sub-screens and the corresponding apertures are characterized in that the sub-screens and the corresponding apertures have an exclusive characteristic, and the exclusive characteristic enables the ratio of the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of each sub-screen to the corresponding aperture to the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of the sub-screen to the corresponding aperture of the adjacent sub-screen to be more than 9;
(ii) at a time point, only one aperture array of the two groups of aperture arrays is opened, and the other aperture arrays are closed; and each sub-screen carries out view loading relative to the corresponding aperture in the open aperture array;
(iii) (iii) at adjacent 2N time points, performing step (ii) sequentially corresponding to each time point such that 2N aperture arrays of said 2 sets of aperture arrays are sequentially opened and each sub-screen synchronously refreshes the display of the corresponding view at each time point in step (ii);
(iv) (iv) repeating step (iii);
furthermore, the emergent light of each sub-screen has linear polarization characteristics, the polarization directions of the linearly polarized light emitted by the adjacent sub-screens are perpendicular to each other, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light allowed to pass through when the corresponding aperture of each sub-screen is opened is consistent with the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light emitted by the sub-screen.
Furthermore, the emergent light of each sub-screen has a rotating polarization characteristic, the rotating directions of the rotating polarized light emitted by the adjacent sub-screens are opposite, namely left rotating and right rotating, and the rotating direction of the rotating polarized light allowed to pass through when the corresponding aperture of each sub-screen is opened is consistent with the rotating direction of the rotating polarized light emitted by the sub-screen.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention relates to a three-dimensional display method for realizing the distance between large visual area and small visual point, which adopts a display screen with mutual exclusive characteristics between emergent light of adjacent sub-screens, arranges a plurality of aperture arrays capable of being switched by time sequence in front of the pupils of an observer, designs the one-to-one correspondence between each aperture of any aperture array and the exclusive characteristics of the emergent light of each sub-screen, thereby realizing monocular multi-view display based on visual retention on the premise that the aperture arrays are sequentially and circularly opened and the corresponding sub-screens are controlled to synchronously refresh the corresponding views, and the corresponding different apertures of each sub-screen in different aperture arrays are adjacently arranged at the distance less than or equal to the diameter of the pupils of the observer. The light rays entering the pupil of the observer and coming from different views are superposed to form a spatial light spot which can be naturally focused by the corresponding eye of the pupil, so that the focusing-converging conflict is overcome. In the technique described in this patent, an array of apertures is opened at one time point at the same time. Compared with the method for opening only one aperture at one time in other patents, the technology disclosed by the patent can realize the number of more small-distance apertures required by three-dimensional display of the large visual area and the small visual point distance only by a small amount of time points, and obviously reduces the requirement of the three-dimensional display of the large visual area and the small visual point distance on the refreshing frequency of the display screen.
The details of embodiments of the invention are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description and drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate embodiments and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Fig. 1 illustrates the exclusive characteristic design rule of the sub-screen and the corresponding aperture of the display screen by taking the polarization characteristic as an example.
Fig. 2 shows a transmission path of light information from each sub-screen through an aperture array opened at a time point.
Fig. 3 shows the transmission path of the light information from each sub-screen via another aperture array opened at another point in time.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a display structure of a relay optical assembly using a lens with a magnifying imaging function.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a display structure in which a lens and a mirror having a magnifying imaging function are used together as a relay optical component.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a display structure using an optical waveguide as a relay optical component.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a dual display panel structure incorporating a light barrier.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a dual-panel display system with mutually exclusive properties for light emitted from different panels.
Detailed Description
The method adopts a display screen with exclusive characteristics between emergent lights of adjacent sub-screens, and a plurality of apertures provided with a time sequence switch are arrayed in front of pupils of an observer. The apertures and exclusive characteristics of each aperture array are designed to be apertures corresponding to the sub-screens and exclusive characteristics thereof one to one, and the corresponding different apertures of the sub-screens in different aperture arrays are adjacently arranged at a space interval less than or equal to the diameter of the pupil. And at adjacent time points, all the aperture arrays are sequentially and circularly opened, and all the sub-screens synchronously refresh and display views corresponding to the apertures in the opened aperture arrays, so that the three-dimensional display of the distance between the large visual area and the small visual point is realized. By presenting two or more views to one eye of an observer, a spatial spot is formed with the superposition of light beams from different views that the eye can naturally focus on, thereby achieving focus-convergence conflict resolution.
Fig. 1 illustrates the exclusive characteristic design rule of each sub-screen of the display screen 10 and each aperture of the N aperture array combinations 20 with the linear polarization characteristic as the exclusive characteristic. Specifically, the number M of sub-screens is 3, and the number N of aperture arrays is 2, for example, and the area outside the aperture array combination 20 can be blocked by the aperture 30. Along the direction x, the polarization states of linearly polarized light emitted by adjacent sub-screens are vertical to each other. Specifically, the polarized light state of the linearly polarized light emitted by the sub-screen 1 is "·", the polarized light state of the linearly polarized light emitted by the sub-screen 2 is "-", and the polarized light state of the linearly polarized light emitted by the sub-screen 3 is "·". Correspondingly, the sub-screen 1 corresponds to the characteristic aperture A11And A12When opened, only linearly polarized light with the polarization state of "·" is allowed to pass through, and linearly polarized light with the polarization state of "-" is not allowed to pass through; the sub-screen 2 corresponds to the characteristic aperture A21And A22When opened, only linearly polarized light with the polarization state of "-" is allowed to pass through, and linearly polarized light with the polarization state of "·" is not allowed to pass through; the sub-screen 3 corresponds to a characteristic aperture A31And A32When opened, only linearly polarized light with a polarization state "·" is allowed to pass through, and linearly polarized light with a polarization state "-" is not allowed to pass through. Wherein, the aperture A11、A21、A31Belonging to an aperture array, named aperture array 1; pore diameter A12、A22、A32Belonging to another group of aperture arrays, named aperture array 2. The N is 2 aperture arrays, cycled on sequentially at time intervals of Δ t/2. Specifically, at time point t, a of the aperture array 111、A21、A31Open, A of the aperture array 212、A22、A32In the closed state, as shown in fig. 2. The sub-screen 1 is loaded with the corresponding aperture a with respect to opening11View of, sub-screen 2 is loaded with the corresponding characteristic aperture a with respect to opening21The sub-screen 3 is loaded with the corresponding characteristic aperture a with respect to opening31The three views presented on the three sub-screensThe pattern emerges from the beam, V1The area near the point. Similarly, at time t + Δ t/2, A of the aperture array 1 is turned off11、A21、A31Opening A of the aperture array 212、A22、A32The sub-screen 1 being loaded with the corresponding aperture A about opening12View of, sub-screen 2 is loaded with the corresponding aperture a with respect to opening22View of, the sub-screen 3 is loaded with the corresponding aperture a with respect to opening32And the light beams are emitted from three views presented on the three sub-screens, V in the figure2The area near the point, as shown in fig. 3. Designing different apertures corresponding to each sub-screen in different aperture arrays, arranging adjacent sub-screens at a space interval less than or equal to the diameter of the pupil, and slightly more than V of the interval1Dot sum V2The distance between the points can enable the views loaded and displayed at the two moments to respectively enter eyes of a viewer through different areas of the pupil. And when the delta t is small enough, the two light beams are superposed to form a display object point which can be naturally focused by the corresponding eyes based on the visual retention, so that the problem of focusing-converging conflict inherent in the traditional stereoscopic vision technology is solved. Here, M ═ 3 sub-panels, 2 exclusive characteristics, i.e., "-" and "·", of polarization states perpendicular to each other, less than M ═ 3 are adopted. In this case, when one aperture array is opened, the light emitted from one sub-screen cannot pass through the open aperture corresponding to the adjacent sub-screen, but can pass through the open aperture corresponding to the non-adjacent sub-screen, and thus exists as noise. As shown in fig. 2, at time t, the sub-screen 1 displays the corresponding aperture a with respect to the opening11Via the aperture a corresponding to the sub-screen 111Providing target light information; since there is a difference in optical characteristics between the light emitted from the two adjacent sub-screens and the optical characteristics of the light emitted from each sub-screen match those of the corresponding aperture, the sub-screen 1 displays the corresponding aperture a with respect to the opening11Cannot pass through the aperture a corresponding to the sub-screen 221(ii) a But they will simultaneously pass through the aperture a corresponding to the sub-screen 331And exists as noise. As shown, the sub-screen 1 emits information through the aperture A11Direction of transmission, and via A31Is transmitted toAnd 2N (number of exclusive features 2 × number of aperture arrays N) times the aperture pitch. The number of the exclusive characteristics, the number of the aperture arrays and the aperture space spacing are reasonably designed, so that the emergent light information of each sub-screen can transmit the non-corresponding characteristic aperture with the same exclusive characteristics, and the noise light information caused by the non-corresponding characteristic aperture is not incident on the eyes of an observer. Meanwhile, if the number of exclusive properties and the number of sub-screens M coincide, the above noise does not exist. The above process, the design of the exclusive property, is explained by taking the example that the emergent light of each sub-screen can not pass through the corresponding aperture of the adjacent sub-screen of the sub-screen at all, that is, the ratio of the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of each sub-screen to the corresponding aperture of the adjacent sub-screen to the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of the sub-screen to the corresponding aperture is zero. In fact, as long as the ratio of the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of each sub-screen to the corresponding aperture of the emergent light of the sub-screen to the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of the adjacent sub-screen is greater than 9, the noise generated by the emergent light of each sub-screen passing through the corresponding aperture of the adjacent sub-screen is lower than 10%, and the value is within the tolerance range of the display system to the noise.
In fig. 1-3, the apertures are shown aligned along a one-dimensional x-direction, which may be the direction of the viewer's binocular lines, which may be perpendicular to the viewer's binocular lines, or in other directions. Meanwhile, the orientation relationship between the display screen 10 and the aperture array assembly 20 may not be limited to the parallel relationship shown in fig. 1 to 3. The apertures shown in fig. 1 to 3 are arranged in one-dimensional direction, and may be arranged in two-dimensional direction. Fig. 1 to 3 exemplify M3 and N2, and 2 exclusive characteristics, and in fact, they may take larger values according to circumstances. For example, the exclusive property of the combination of complementary colors and polarization directions: red + left polarization, red + right polarization, blue + left polarization, and blue + right polarization.
In fig. 1 to 3, the aperture distribution and the display screen 10 are illustrated as examples of a planar structure, which may be curved.
In fig. 1 to 3, the apertures are shown as being arranged adjacently, i.e. the aperture size and the inter-aperture spacing are equal. In fact, the aperture size may be smaller than the inter-aperture distance, or may be larger than the inter-aperture distance, i.e. the adjacent characteristic apertures may spatially overlap. Such as the use of electronically controlled liquid crystal pixel arrays with real-time controllable clear aperture size and/or electronically controlled waveplates with real-time controllable polarization states can be implemented as desired.
The process shown in fig. 1-3 is explained by way of example as presenting more than one view to one eye of the viewer. In fact, the process can also be extended to binocular situations. For example, if N aperture arrays similar to that shown in fig. 1 are additionally provided to distribute to the other eye of the observer, 2N is equal to 4 aperture arrays. And N-4 time points at intervals of delta t/2N-delta t/4, two aperture arrays corresponding to the left eye and the right eye respectively occupy two time points, the two aperture arrays are switched in turn, and the view loading of each sub-screen is carried out based on the same method, so that the multi-view presentation of each purpose of an observer can be realized. The above process, in which the two eyes of the observer receive the respective corresponding light information in a time-sequential manner, can also be implemented by other exclusive features. For example, the light emitted from odd columns and even columns on the screen are respectively vertical linear polarized light and horizontal linear polarized light, then the light emitted from M sub-screens has other exclusive characteristics, for example, the light emitted from M-2 sub-screens is respectively red light and blue light, then the left eye corresponds to N-2 aperture arrays, the adjacent apertures of each aperture array allow light to be respectively vertical linear polarized light + red light and vertical linear polarized light + blue light, the right eye corresponds to N-2 aperture arrays, the adjacent apertures of each aperture array allow light to be respectively horizontal linear polarized light + red light and horizontal linear polarized light + blue light, and then the left eye and the right eye respectively correspond to N-2 aperture arrays in a time sequence cycle switch, thereby realizing multi-view presentation of each purpose of an observer. In this process, one display screen odd column combination and even column combination are equivalent to a display screen for the left eye and a display screen for the right eye, respectively. In the existing 3D cinema system, images with orthogonal polarization directions (such as horizontal line polarization and vertical line polarization) are often projected to a reflective screen or a transmissive screen respectively, which keeps the polarization direction of incident light unchanged, through two projectors, and the left and right eye images are different through exclusive passage of the orthogonal polarization directions by left and right eye corresponding polarizers. In this case, the projection surfaces of the two projectors, and the display screen for the left eye and the display screen for the right eye in the above-described procedure have the same functions.
The light emitted from the display screen 10 shown in fig. 1 to 3 may also be guided to the N aperture arrays through the relay optical assembly 40, and the image of the display screen 10 about the relay optical assembly 40 is used as an equivalent display screen, and the process shown in fig. 1 to 3 is similarly subjected to view loading. Fig. 4 uses a lens with a magnifying imaging function as the relay optical assembly 40, and the structure can be used as a monocular structure in a head-mounted virtual reality system. Fig. 5 shows a combination of a lens 41 and a mirror 42 with a magnifying imaging function as a relay optical component 40, and when the mirror 42 also allows external ambient light to transmit, such as a half mirror, the structure can be used as a monocular structure in a head-mounted augmented reality system, wherein the mirror can be replaced by various other optical structures with similar guiding function, or guiding function + magnifying imaging function, such as the optical waveguide relay optical component 40 shown in fig. 6, or a free-form optical component integrating an optical refraction and diffraction function. Two monocular structures similar to those shown in fig. 5 or fig. 6 are designed corresponding to the two eyes of the observer, so that a head-mounted virtual/augmented reality system can be constructed.
The structures of the relay optical assembly 40 shown in fig. 4 to 5 may be incorporated with more than one display screen. As in fig. 7, two sets of combinations of display screens, aperture array combinations, and lens relay optical assemblies were created: 10-20-40 combination and 10 ' -20 ' -40 ' combination. Wherein the aperture array combinations 20 and 20' are placed adjacent to each other. Each set of combinations follows the optical structure of fig. 4, which can be viewed independently or simultaneously in a view-loading display according to the process of fig. 1-3. Between the two sets of structures, a light barrier 50 is introduced to avoid optical crosstalk between the two sets of combinations. Wherein, the display screen in each combination can have deviation sum 'between the corresponding lens optical axes, and through the design of these two values, the virtual images corresponding to the two display screens 10 and 10' can be overlapped differently. The function of the light panel 50 may be replaced by other means, such as the two display screens 10 and 10 'emitting light having an exclusive property, the respective apertures 20 and 20', based on which exclusive property no non-corresponding display screens emitting light are allowed to enter. For example, as shown in FIG. 8, the display screen 10 pixel emits "-" polarized light, and the display screen 10' emits "-" polarized light; meanwhile, the adjacent sub-panels of the display panel 10 have "-" polarized red light and "-" polarized blue light as the exclusive characteristics, and the adjacent sub-panels of the display panel 10' have "-" polarized red light and "-" polarized blue light as the exclusive characteristics.
The methods described in this document can be applied to the systems described in patents 2016102578496, 201610212222.9, 201610304663.1 and PCT15/481,467.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any insubstantial modifications made by using the design concept fall within the scope of the present invention. For example, the exclusive use of this feature is not limiting. Accordingly, all such related embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (8)
1. A three-dimensional display method for realizing the distance between a large visual area and a small visual point is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(i) dividing a display screen into M sub-screens, designing a group of aperture arrays corresponding to one pupil of an observer, wherein the group of aperture arrays comprises N aperture arrays which are arranged in front of the pupil and can be switched in a time sequence mode, each aperture array consists of M apertures which are in one-to-one correspondence with the sub-screens, and the different apertures corresponding to the sub-screens in different aperture arrays are adjacently arranged in a space with an interval smaller than or equal to the diameter of the pupil, wherein N is larger than or equal to 2, and M is larger than or equal to 2; the sub-screens and the corresponding apertures thereof are characterized in that the sub-screens and the corresponding apertures thereof have an exclusive characteristic, and the exclusive characteristic enables the ratio of the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of each sub-screen to the corresponding aperture thereof to the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of the sub-screen to the corresponding aperture of the adjacent sub-screen to be more than 9;
(ii) at one point in time, only one aperture array of the N aperture arrays is opened, and the other aperture arrays are closed; and each sub-screen carries out view loading relative to the corresponding aperture in the open aperture array;
(iii) (iii) performing step (ii) at N adjacent time points sequentially corresponding to each time point, such that the N aperture arrays are sequentially opened and each sub-screen synchronously refreshes and displays the corresponding view at each time point according to step (ii);
(iv) (iv) repeating step (iii).
2. The three-dimensional display method for realizing the small visual point distance with the large visual area according to claim 1, wherein the emergent light of each sub-screen has linear polarization characteristics, the polarization directions of the emergent linear polarization light of the adjacent sub-screens are perpendicular to each other, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light allowed to pass through when the corresponding aperture of each sub-screen is opened is consistent with the polarization direction of the emergent linear polarization light of the sub-screen.
3. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the light emitted from each sub-screen has a rotating polarization characteristic, the rotating directions of the rotating polarized light emitted from adjacent sub-screens are opposite, i.e. left rotating and right rotating, respectively, and the rotating direction of the rotating polarized light allowed to pass through when the corresponding aperture of each sub-screen is opened is consistent with the rotating direction of the rotating polarized light emitted from the sub-screen.
4. The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the outgoing light from the display screen can be guided to the N aperture arrays via a relay optical component, and the image of the display screen about the relay optical component is loaded as an equivalent display screen.
5. The method as claimed in claim 4, wherein the relay optical element is a projection lens, a plane mirror, a half mirror, a free-form optical element, or an optical waveguide, which is used for imaging the display screen and/or deflecting the transmission direction of the outgoing light from the display screen, or an element formed by combining two or more of the projection lens, the plane mirror, the half mirror, the free-form optical element, and the optical waveguide.
6. A three-dimensional display method for realizing the distance between a large visual area and a small visual point is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(i) dividing a display screen into M sub-screens, designing two groups of arrays, wherein the two groups of arrays correspond to two pupils of an observer one by one, each group of aperture arrays comprises N aperture arrays capable of being switched in a time sequence mode, the aperture arrays are arranged in front of the pupils corresponding to the aperture arrays, for each group of aperture arrays, each aperture array of the aperture arrays consists of M apertures corresponding to the sub-screens one by one, and different corresponding apertures of the sub-screens in different aperture arrays of the aperture arrays are adjacently arranged in a space with the space interval smaller than or equal to the diameter of the pupils, wherein N is larger than or equal to 2, and M is larger than or equal to 2;
the sub-screens and the corresponding apertures thereof are characterized in that the sub-screens and the corresponding apertures thereof have an exclusive characteristic, and the exclusive characteristic enables the ratio of the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of each sub-screen to the corresponding aperture thereof to the light intensity transmittance of the emergent light of the sub-screen to the corresponding aperture of the adjacent sub-screen to be more than 9;
(ii) at a time point, only one aperture array of the two groups of aperture arrays is opened, and the other aperture arrays are closed; and each sub-screen carries out view loading relative to the corresponding aperture in the open aperture array;
(iii) (iii) performing step (ii) sequentially corresponding to each time point at adjacent 2N time points such that 2N aperture arrays of said 2 sets of aperture arrays are sequentially opened and each sub-screen synchronously refreshes the corresponding view displayed at each time point in step (ii);
(iv) (iv) repeating step (iii).
7. The three-dimensional display method for realizing the small visual point distance with the large visual area as claimed in claim 6, wherein the emergent light of each sub-screen has linear polarization characteristics, the polarization directions of the emergent linear polarization light of the adjacent sub-screens are perpendicular to each other, and the polarization direction of the linearly polarized light allowed to pass through when the corresponding aperture of each sub-screen is opened is consistent with the polarization direction of the emergent linear polarization light of the sub-screen.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the outgoing light from each sub-screen has a rotating polarization characteristic, the rotating directions of the rotating polarized light from adjacent sub-screens are opposite, and are respectively one of left-handed and right-handed, and the rotating direction of the rotating polarized light allowed to pass through when the corresponding aperture of each sub-screen is opened is the same as the rotating direction of the rotating polarized light from the sub-screen.
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