CN112114346A - Monitoring system of radionuclide - Google Patents
Monitoring system of radionuclide Download PDFInfo
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- CN112114346A CN112114346A CN202010800315.XA CN202010800315A CN112114346A CN 112114346 A CN112114346 A CN 112114346A CN 202010800315 A CN202010800315 A CN 202010800315A CN 112114346 A CN112114346 A CN 112114346A
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- Prior art keywords
- monitoring system
- plastic scintillator
- discriminator
- photomultiplier
- radionuclide
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/167—Measuring radioactive content of objects, e.g. contamination
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/203—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors the detector being made of plastics
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/20—Measuring radiation intensity with scintillation detectors
- G01T1/208—Circuits specially adapted for scintillation detectors, e.g. for the photo-multiplier section
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactivity monitoring, and relates to a radionuclide monitoring system. The monitoring system comprises an enrichment column, a photomultiplier, a discriminator and a scaler, wherein the enrichment column is made of a plastic scintillator, a reflecting layer is coated on the surface of the plastic scintillator, and a pore channel is formed in the middle of the plastic scintillator and used for filling a bifunctional resin material; the photomultiplier is connected with the plastic scintillator in a direction vertical to the pore channel and is used for converting scintillation light signals generated by the plastic scintillator into electric signals and transmitting the electric signals to the discriminator; and after coincidence judgment is carried out by the discriminator, the coincident electric signals are transmitted to the calibrator to display the measured counting rate. The radionuclide monitoring system can automatically and continuously analyze the concentration of the radionuclide in the liquid effluent or low-level wastewater of the nuclear facility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radioactivity monitoring, and relates to a radionuclide monitoring system.
Background
90Sr is a radioactive nuclide for intensively monitoring nuclear facility liquid effluent and environmental water, and the traditional analysis method comprises the steps of sampling, laboratory separation, analysis and the like, but has long time consumption and poor timeliness, is not suitable for nuclear emergency and field operation, and cannot continuously monitor the nuclear facility liquid effluent.
In the later 90 s of the 20 th century, the United states of America northwest Pacific laboratory and the university of Cramerson developed an on-line monitoring technology for groundwater and surface water around the radioactive waste disposal reservoir99Tc、90Continuous monitoring of radionuclides such as Sr. The basic principle is that90Selectively enriching radioactive nuclides such as Sr on a miniature column, and carrying out in-situ measurement on the miniature column by building columns90Sr content and water90The relationship between the Sr concentration and the measurement signal achieves the purpose of monitoring. The adopted micro-column packing material is
620 solid phase extraction granule and BC-400 plastics scintillation granule, two kinds of granules can constantly stratify because of the proportion difference in the use, cause detection efficiency unstable, and then influence monitoring result.
Therefore, the online monitoring technology is limited to laboratory research at present and is not really applied.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide a radionuclide monitoring system to enable automatic, continuous analysis of radionuclide concentrations in nuclear facility liquid effluents or low level wastewater.
To achieve this, in a basic embodiment, the invention provides a radionuclide monitoring system, which comprises an enrichment column, a photomultiplier, a discriminator and a scaler,
the body material of the enrichment column is a plastic scintillator, the surface of the plastic scintillator is coated with a reflecting layer, and the middle of the interior of the enrichment column is provided with a pore channel for filling a bifunctional resin material;
the photomultiplier is connected with the plastic scintillator in a direction vertical to the pore channel and is used for converting scintillation light signals generated by the plastic scintillator into electric signals and transmitting the electric signals to the discriminator;
and after coincidence judgment is carried out by the discriminator, the coincident electric signals are transmitted to the calibrator to display the measured counting rate.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a radionuclide monitoring system, wherein the radionuclide is99Tc and/or90Sr。
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a radionuclide monitoring system, wherein the plastic scintillator is a BC-400 plastic scintillator.
In a preferred embodiment, the present invention provides a radionuclide monitoring system wherein the bifunctional resin material is selected from the group consisting of
The 620 solid phase extraction particles are used as adsorption materials, the p-terphenyl and the 1, 4-trans (4-methyl-5-benzene azole-2-yl) benzene are used as scintillation materials, the polystyrene is used as a support body, and the scintillation material is prepared through polymerization reaction.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a radionuclide monitoring system, wherein the monitoring system further comprises a peristaltic pump for pumping a monitoring sample into the channel.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a radionuclide monitoring system, wherein the monitoring system further comprises a preamplifier and amplifier disposed between the photomultiplier tube and the discriminator for amplifying the electrical signal generated by the photomultiplier tube.
In a preferred embodiment, the invention provides a radionuclide monitoring system, wherein two ends of the plastic scintillator are respectively connected with one photomultiplier tube, and two photomultiplier tubes are respectively connected with one discriminator.
The radionuclide monitoring system has the beneficial effects that the radionuclide monitoring system can automatically and continuously analyze the concentration of the radionuclide in the liquid effluent or low-level wastewater of the nuclear facility.
The monitoring system has the characteristics of high automation degree, low detection limit, continuous monitoring and the like, can greatly reduce the labor intensity of an analyst, and improves the timeliness and stability of an analysis result.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of the components of an exemplary radionuclide monitoring system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An exemplary radionuclide monitoring system of the present invention is based on head-on chromatography, with signal intensity correlated with sample concentration, for on-line continuous real-time monitoring of water90The Sr concentration and the Sr composition are shown in figure 1, and the Sr concentration and Sr composition comprises an enrichment column 1, a peristaltic pump 2, a photomultiplier tube 3, a preamplifier 4, an amplifier 5, a discriminator 6 and a scaler 8.
Enrichment column 1
The main body material of the bi-functional resin scintillator is a plastic scintillator (BC-400 plastic scintillator, the external dimension is L12 mm multiplied by W12mm multiplied by H50mm), the surface of the plastic scintillator is coated with a reflecting layer, and the middle of the interior of the plastic scintillator is provided with a pore canal with the inner diameter of 2-4mm and the height of 30mm, and the bi-functional resin material is filled in the pore canal. The two ends of the pore channel are provided with threaded interfaces for connecting with an external liquid transmission pipeline. The plastic scintillator reduces the background and improves the detection efficiency. The bifunctional resin material is prepared by
620 (manufactured by IBC technology of America) solid phase extraction particle is adsorptionThe accessory material is prepared by taking p-terphenyl and 1, 4-trans (4-methyl-5-benzene azole-2-yl) benzene as scintillation materials and polystyrene as a support body through polymerization reaction. The bifunctional resin material has two functions of selective adsorption and scintillation luminescence to Sr, and integrates separation and measurement.
The peristaltic pump 2 is used to pump the monitoring sample into the channel.
The two photomultiplier tubes 3 are respectively connected with two ends of the plastic scintillator in a direction perpendicular to the pore channel, and are used for converting scintillation light signals generated by the plastic scintillator into electric signals, and the electric signals are respectively transmitted to a discriminator 6 after being amplified by the preamplifier 4 and the amplifier 5.
And after coincidence judgment is carried out, the discriminator 6 transmits the coincident electric signals to the calibrator 8 to display the measured counting rate.
A measuring system (an electronics circuit) consisting of the photomultiplier 3, the preamplifier 4, the amplifier 5, the discriminator 6, the calibrator 8 and the data processing system adopts two paths of coincidence measurement, so that the electronics noise is reduced, and the system background is reduced.
Exemplary monitoring of Water Using the exemplary radionuclide monitoring System of the present invention described above90The method for the concentration of Sr comprises the following steps:
(1) 30mg of p-terphenyl and 1.8mg of 1, 4-trans (4-methyl-5-benzoxazol-2-yl) benzene (DM-POPOP) were dissolved in 3mL of toluene, and sufficiently dissolved under the action of ultrasound, then 10mL of 0.2% (m/v) aqueous solution of sodium dodecylsulfate was added, and an emulsion was formed under the action of ultrasound for use.
(2) 2g of freshly prepared polystyrene particles (average particle size 20 μm) and 0.5g are taken
And (620) solid phase extracting the particles, adding the particles into water, and fully dispersing the particles by ultrasonic.
(3) And (3) mixing the emulsion obtained in the step (1) and the dispersion obtained in the step (2), sealing the mixture in a glass sample bottle, and mixing the mixture on a rotary mixer for 24 hours at a speed of 30rpm under the condition of keeping out light.
(4) And (4) fully washing the bifunctional resin particles obtained in the step (3) by using deionized water, and freeze-drying the bifunctional resin particles.
(5) And (5) filling 0.2mL of the bifunctional resin prepared in the step (4) into the enrichment column 1.
(6) Preparing a series of known concentrations90Sr-0.01mol/L HNO3Passing the solution through the enrichment column 1 packed in step (5) at a flow rate of 1mL/min (sequentially)90After Sr is selectively adsorbed on the column, beta rays emitted by Sr interact with a scintillator in the bifunctional resin to generate fluorescence photons which are transmitted to the photomultiplier tube 3 to generate photoelectrons), and the fluorescence photons are respectively detected by a measuring system in sequence and displayed on a calibrator 8 to measure the counting rate to obtain the fluorescent powder90The operating curve of Sr response on scaler 8, i.e. y is 15.6x +14.5, where x is the sample90Sr concentration (Bq/L), y is the total count of 300s measured after adsorption equilibrium.
(7) The measurement was carried out using simulated wastewater (pH 7.36-7.46) containing90Sr and137cs, wherein90The concentration of Sr is 15.2Bq/L,137the concentration of Cs was 11.6 Bq/L. Adding 0.02mol/L HNO with the same volume into 250mL of the simulated wastewater3Solution, adjusting sample medium to 0.01mol/L HNO3The solution was then passed through the enrichment column 1 packed in step (5) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The total count of 300s after adsorption equilibrium is 133, and the working curve obtained in the step (6) is used for calculating and obtaining the simulated wastewater90The concentration of Sr is 15.4 Bq/L.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations. The foregoing examples or embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention, which may be embodied in other specific forms or in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The described embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention should be indicated by the appended claims, and any changes that are equivalent to the intent and scope of the claims should be construed to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. A radionuclide monitoring system, comprising: the monitoring system comprises an enrichment column, a photomultiplier, a discriminator and a scaler,
the body material of the enrichment column is a plastic scintillator, the surface of the plastic scintillator is coated with a reflecting layer, and the middle of the interior of the enrichment column is provided with a pore channel for filling a bifunctional resin material;
the photomultiplier is connected with the plastic scintillator in a direction vertical to the pore channel and is used for converting scintillation light signals generated by the plastic scintillator into electric signals and transmitting the electric signals to the discriminator;
and after coincidence judgment is carried out by the discriminator, the coincident electric signals are transmitted to the calibrator to display the measured counting rate.
2. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the radionuclide is99Tc and/or90Sr。
3. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the plastic scintillator is a BC-400 plastic scintillator.
4. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the bifunctional resin material is prepared by
The 620 solid phase extraction particles are used as adsorption materials, the p-terphenyl and the 1, 4-trans (4-methyl-5-benzene azole-2-yl) benzene are used as scintillation materials, the polystyrene is used as a support body, and the scintillation material is prepared through polymerization reaction.
5. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the monitoring system also comprises a peristaltic pump for pumping the monitoring sample into the pore passage.
6. The monitoring system of claim 1, wherein: the monitoring system also comprises a preamplifier and an amplifier which are arranged between the photomultiplier and the discriminator and are used for amplifying the electric signals generated by the photomultiplier.
7. The monitoring system according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: two ends of the plastic scintillator are respectively connected with one photomultiplier, and the two photomultipliers are respectively connected with one discriminator.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN113176603A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-27 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Device for continuously measuring low-level radioactive nuclide in liquid effluent |
| CN113671555A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-19 | 兰州大学 | Plastic scintillator microsphere, preparation method and application |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113176603A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-07-27 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Device for continuously measuring low-level radioactive nuclide in liquid effluent |
| CN113176603B (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2022-05-17 | 中国工程物理研究院材料研究所 | Device for continuously measuring low-level radioactive nuclide in liquid effluent |
| CN113671555A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-19 | 兰州大学 | Plastic scintillator microsphere, preparation method and application |
| CN113671555B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2023-10-20 | 兰州大学 | Plastic scintillator microsphere, preparation method and application |
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