CN112113718A - Method for detecting sealing performance of nuclear power plant hole plugging by using ultrasonic method - Google Patents
Method for detecting sealing performance of nuclear power plant hole plugging by using ultrasonic method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112113718A CN112113718A CN202010737649.7A CN202010737649A CN112113718A CN 112113718 A CN112113718 A CN 112113718A CN 202010737649 A CN202010737649 A CN 202010737649A CN 112113718 A CN112113718 A CN 112113718A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010421 standard material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011158 quantitative evaluation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000004224 protection Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001950 radioprotection Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/04—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
- G01M3/24—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using infrasonic, sonic, or ultrasonic vibrations
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for detecting the sealing performance of a nuclear power plant hole plugging by using an ultrasonic method, which comprises the following steps: searching a reference hole in a specified area; detecting and recording the sound pressure value of the reference hole; detecting test holes in the same area and recording the sound pressure value of the test holes; and comparing the sound pressure value of the test hole with the sound pressure value of the reference hole to judge the plugging tightness of the test hole. The method uses an ultrasonic method in the field of detection of the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging, can achieve quantitative evaluation, can achieve tracking management of each hole, provides an important basis for the integrity of a habitability boundary, and has strong innovation and engineering applicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a hole plugging tightness detection technology, in particular to a method for detecting the hole plugging tightness of a nuclear power plant by applying an ultrasonic method.
Background
The plugging of holes on the boundary of areas with habitability requirements, such as a main control room and an emergency command center of a nuclear power plant, has an important function of radiation protection, and the holes in the annular space between the double-layer containment vessels also have an important function of radiation protection, so that the method has an important function of maintaining the negative pressure in the annular space during the normal operation of the nuclear power plant. The leak tightness of the hole plugging directly affects the integrity of the habitability and radioprotection boundaries. In addition, the building boundary of the seawater system of the nuclear power plant also has an important function of preventing seawater leakage, and has an important function of maintaining the boundary integrity of the seawater system, and the holes are mainly distributed in a combined pump room, a seawater main channel and the like. The nuclear power plant main control room, the emergency command center, the double-layer containment, the seawater combined pump room and other boundary holes are large in number, complex in position distribution condition, and poor in accessibility and visibility of part of the holes (peripheral items such as cables, trays, equipment and the like are shielded), and the traditional visual inspection method, the smoke method and the like are difficult to achieve the expected detection effect and further cannot be continuously tracked, managed and judged. Meanwhile, the area has no closed condition, and the air pressure or water pressure test cannot be carried out.
Under design benchmark accident condition, in order to meet the residence requirement of a main control room, all nuclear power plants adopt different means to ensure the integrity of the pressure boundary of the main control room, the integrity of the pressure boundary of the main control room comprises air leakage and air internal permeation, the wall and the roof of the residence boundary have enough concrete thickness to weaken gamma radiation from the outdoor, and an air inlet system is provided with a high-efficiency iodine filter to filter air supply entering the boundary from the outdoor. Thus, the habitability boundary aperture is a relatively weak link throughout the habitability boundary, affecting the integrity of the habitability boundary.
The boundary hole plugging can prevent the diffusion of airborne radioactive substances in adjacent areas through the holes, prevent the direct irradiation of rays of a radiation source through the boundary holes, and the potential risk of leakage in the boundary is determined by the hole plugging condition on the boundary. The boundary hole of the habitability area of the nuclear power plant has an important function of radiation protection, but at present, hole plugging is only specified to be used for plugging of various types and selection of materials and plugging structures used by special fire protection systems. This can be understood as "in advance of hole plugging" with "in-process supervision" of the plugging process and as a relatively simple visual inspection of the "post-inspection" after hole plugging is complete. Meanwhile, after the unit operates, for a process pipeline, due to the fact that factors such as pipeline vibration temperature and the like increase gaps between the plugging material and a pipeline contact surface, the plugging effect of the hole is further deteriorated, the integrity of a habitability boundary is influenced, and the potential risk of radiation protection is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting the sealing performance of the hole plugging of a nuclear power plant by applying an ultrasonic method aiming at the defects of the existing hole plugging internal defect detection and evaluation scheme.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using an ultrasonic method comprises the following steps:
(1) searching a reference hole in a specified area;
(2) detecting and recording the sound pressure value of the reference hole;
(3) detecting test holes in the same area and recording the sound pressure value of the test holes;
(4) and comparing the sound pressure value of the test hole with the sound pressure value of the reference hole to judge the plugging tightness of the test hole.
Further, the method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method is as described above, wherein the reference hole refers to a hole plugged by using a standard material and a standard process, and no cable or pipeline passes through the reference hole. One plugging material corresponds to one or more reference holes; the test holes must be made of the same plugging material as the reference holes.
Further, according to the method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method, the reference hole or the test hole is detected by using the ultrasonic leak detector, the ultrasonic transmitter is attached to the test part on one side of the hole, the ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the opposite side of the hole, the probe of the ultrasonic receiver is aligned with the ultrasonic transmitter, the ultrasonic transmitter is started, and the sound pressure value is measured by the host of the ultrasonic receiver.
Further, according to the method for detecting the sealing performance of the hole plugging of the nuclear power plant by using the ultrasonic method, when the sound pressure value of the test hole is compared with the sound pressure value of the reference hole in the step (4), a first threshold value and a second threshold value are set, and when the deviation between the sound pressure value of the test hole and the sound pressure value of the reference hole is smaller than the first threshold value, the sealing performance of the hole plugging of the test hole is judged to be qualified; when the deviation between the sound pressure value of the test hole and the sound pressure value of the reference hole is larger than or equal to a second threshold value, judging that the sealing performance of the test hole for plugging is unqualified; when the deviation between the sound pressure value of the test hole and the sound pressure value of the reference hole is larger than or equal to a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, the surface of the test hole needs to be re-sealed and then re-detected until the plugging tightness of the test hole is qualified, and the re-sealing treatment of the surface of the test hole comprises the step of coating the surface of the test hole with an irradiation-resistant sealant.
Further, according to the method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method, if the sealing performance of the test hole plugging is determined to be unqualified, the test hole needs to be re-plugged, and then the detection is carried out again until the sealing performance of the test hole plugging is qualified.
Further, according to the method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method, the first threshold is set to be 5 db microvolts, and the second threshold is set to be 10 db microvolts.
Further, the method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method further comprises the step (5) of establishing a hole plugging database, comparing the hole plugging database with the plugging database, performing data processing analysis, judging the plugging state and giving a corresponding repairing scheme. The significance of establishing the hole plugging database is that holes of the nuclear power plant, particularly holes related to the integrity of building radiation protection and biological shielding functions belong to long-period items along with the service life of the whole nuclear power plant. However, due to factors such as field construction and aging of plugging materials, the sealing performance of the hole is gradually reduced, so that the sealing performance of the hole needs to be tested periodically (for example, every three years), and the change of the sealing performance of the hole plugging and the repair measures needed to be taken are judged by comparing the result with the result of the last test or even the first test. The repair measures include: coating the irradiation-resistant sealant, plugging the holes again and the like.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method can overcome various defects of the traditional sealing performance detection method, can achieve quantitative evaluation by using the ultrasonic method in the field of nuclear power plant hole plugging sealing performance detection, can achieve tracking management of each hole, and has strong innovation and engineering applicability. The detection method provided by the invention can effectively perform qualitative evaluation on the hole plugging state, so that the hole plugging state is later checked, and meanwhile, the unit can perform regular inspection and evaluation after running, so that the habitability boundary weak link can be found in time, and the boundary state is prevented from further deterioration.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for detecting the sealing performance of a nuclear power plant hole plugging by using an ultrasonic method according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the detection of the reference hole by using an ultrasonic method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The ultrasonic detection technology is a nondestructive detection method for measuring internal defects of an object through physical characteristics such as reflection, diffraction, attenuation and the like of sound waves passing through different interfaces in the object when ultrasonic pulses are transmitted in the object. The invention applies the ultrasonic nondestructive detection technology to the detection method of the sealing performance of the hole plugging of the nuclear power plant, measures the sound pressure value of the reference hole plugging and the sound pressure value of the hole plugging to be detected, judges the internal defect condition in the plugging according to the change of the sound pressure value, and establishes a set of quantitative evaluation scheme for the hole plugging defect state.
The invention establishes a hole plugging database based on a plugging test block and a plugging internal defect comprehensive evaluation system. As shown in fig. 1, the detection and management process for plugging a nuclear power plant hole includes: utilizing ultrasonic nondestructive detection to block internal defects of the holes; quantitatively evaluating the internal state of the plug according to an evaluation system; establishing a hole plugging database, and comparing the plugging database to perform data processing analysis; judging the plugging state and giving a corresponding repairing scheme.
The following description describes specific contents of a method for detecting the sealing performance of plugging a hole in a nuclear power plant by using an ultrasonic method through an embodiment, and the method comprises the following steps:
1. and searching for a reference hole. The reference hole is a hole which is plugged in the detection area by using standard materials and standard processes, and is most typically characterized by no cable or pipeline passing through the hole, and is also called a blind hole. The reason for this type of holes is that a little more holes need to be reserved in the design stage than actually used in the construction stage. The holes can be found in common nuclear power sites. The sound pressure value of the reference hole can be used as a reference value for judging the tightness of other holes in the same area. The sound pressure test value of the reference hole is called a reference value. The reference value of the reference holes in different areas is different.
2. And testing the sound pressure value of the reference hole by using an ultrasonic leak detector. The ultrasonic leak detector consists of three parts: the ultrasonic probe comprises a special operating rod, an ultrasonic transmitter and an ultrasonic receiver (comprising a main machine and a probe).
When using the ultrasonic leak detector to test, arrange the ultrasonic transmitter in special action bars on, make ultrasonic transmitter and test position laminating through the position of adjusting special action bars, arrange the ultrasonic receiver in the contralateral of test position simultaneously, ultrasonic receiver aligns with the ultrasonic transmitter, opens the ultrasonic transmitter, and the supersound host computer shows the test value. A schematic diagram of a nuclear power field ultrasonic test for a reference hole is shown in fig. 2.
3. And recording the sound pressure value of the reference hole.
4. And detecting the hole to be detected in the same area by using an ultrasonic leak detector and recording the sound pressure value of the hole to be detected, wherein the detection method is the same as that of the reference hole.
5. Comparing the sound pressure value of the test hole with the sound pressure value of the reference hole, setting a first threshold value and a second threshold value,
judging that the sealing performance of the test hole plugging is qualified if the deviation of the two is not more than a first threshold value;
if the deviation of the two is greater than or equal to a first threshold value and smaller than a second threshold value, coating the irradiation-resistant sealant on the surface of the test hole, and then testing again until the deviation does not exceed the first threshold value;
and if the deviation of the two is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, judging that the sealing performance of the test hole plugging is unqualified, and testing after plugging again until the deviation does not exceed the first threshold value.
In this embodiment, the first threshold may be set to 5 db microvolts, and the second threshold may be set to 10 db microvolts, although those skilled in the art may also adjust the threshold according to the specific situation of the holes in the detection area.
Specific data of ultrasonic detection of the boundary holes of the habitability area of a certain nuclear power plant master control room in China by applying the method disclosed by the invention are shown in the following table.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the method according to the invention is not restricted to details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the process being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. A method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using an ultrasonic method comprises the following steps:
(1) searching a reference hole in a specified area;
(2) detecting and recording the sound pressure value of the reference hole;
(3) detecting test holes in the same area and recording the sound pressure value of the test holes;
(4) and comparing the sound pressure value of the test hole with the sound pressure value of the reference hole to judge the plugging tightness of the test hole.
2. The method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method according to claim 1, wherein the reference hole is a hole plugged by using a standard material and a standard process, and no cable or pipeline passes through the reference hole.
3. The method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method according to claim 2, wherein one plugging material corresponds to one or more reference holes; the test holes must be made of the same plugging material as the reference holes.
4. The method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method according to claim 1, wherein an ultrasonic leak detector is used for detecting a reference hole or a test hole, an ultrasonic transmitter is attached to a test part on one side of the hole, an ultrasonic receiver is arranged on the opposite side of the hole, a probe of the ultrasonic receiver is aligned with the ultrasonic transmitter, the ultrasonic transmitter is started, and a host of the ultrasonic receiver is used for measuring a sound pressure value.
5. The method for detecting the sealing performance of the hole plugging of the nuclear power plant by using the ultrasonic method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), when the sound pressure value of the test hole is compared with the sound pressure value of the reference hole, a first threshold value and a second threshold value are set, and when the deviation between the sound pressure value of the test hole and the sound pressure value of the reference hole is smaller than the first threshold value, the sealing performance of the hole plugging of the test hole is judged to be qualified; when the deviation between the sound pressure value of the test hole and the sound pressure value of the reference hole is larger than or equal to a second threshold value, judging that the sealing performance of the test hole for plugging is unqualified; when the deviation between the sound pressure value of the test hole and the sound pressure value of the reference hole is larger than or equal to the first threshold and smaller than the second threshold, the surface of the test hole needs to be re-sealed and then re-detected until the sealing performance of the test hole is qualified.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the resealing of the test hole surface comprises applying a radiation-resistant sealant to the test hole surface.
7. The method for detecting the sealing performance of the hole plugging of the nuclear power plant by using the ultrasonic method according to claim 5, wherein if the sealing performance of the test hole is determined to be unqualified, the test hole needs to be re-plugged, and then the detection is carried out again until the sealing performance of the test hole is qualified.
8. The method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method according to claim 5, wherein the first threshold value is set to 5 dB microvolts, and the second threshold value is set to 10 dB microvolts.
9. The method for detecting the sealing performance of the nuclear power plant hole plugging by using the ultrasonic method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of (5) establishing a hole plugging database, comparing the plugging database for data processing and analysis, judging the plugging state, and giving a corresponding repairing scheme.
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Application publication date: 20201222 |