CN112113540A - Monitoring and illuminating method for shield tunnel construction at night - Google Patents
Monitoring and illuminating method for shield tunnel construction at night Download PDFInfo
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- CN112113540A CN112113540A CN202010768925.6A CN202010768925A CN112113540A CN 112113540 A CN112113540 A CN 112113540A CN 202010768925 A CN202010768925 A CN 202010768925A CN 112113540 A CN112113540 A CN 112113540A
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- monitoring point
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C11/00—Photogrammetry or videogrammetry, e.g. stereogrammetry; Photographic surveying
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
Abstract
The invention relates to a monitoring and lighting method for shield tunnel night construction, wherein a plurality of monitoring points are distributed at intervals on a cross section perpendicular to a central line of a shield tunnel construction road, and image acquisition equipment is arranged near the monitoring points; the image acquisition equipment is including setting up one side of monitoring point line and right being used for the camera that the image was shot to the monitoring point is installed be used for providing irradiant first lamp of making a video recording to the monitoring point on the camera, set up and be in monitoring point one side is used for the second lamp of making a video recording of light filling when the image is shot to the monitoring point. The invention can provide proper illumination and ensure the measurement precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of illumination methods for night construction, and particularly relates to a monitoring illumination method for night construction of a shield tunnel.
Background
Because the shield tunnel construction has continuous incessant characteristics, no matter daytime or night all need be under construction the earth's surface deformation monitoring, if use the lamp of making a video recording at night to provide the illumination, can have local illumination strong and darker particularity around, illumination intensity is very inhomogeneous. In view of this, it is necessary to develop a monitoring illumination method suitable for close-range photogrammetry in dark environment at night.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a monitoring illumination method, which provides proper illumination and ensures the measurement accuracy.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a monitoring and lighting method for shield tunnel night construction, which comprises the following steps: a plurality of monitoring points are distributed at intervals on a cross section perpendicular to the central line of the shield tunnel construction road, and image acquisition equipment is arranged near the monitoring points;
the image acquisition equipment is including setting up one side of monitoring point line and right being used for the camera that the image was shot to the monitoring point is installed be used for providing irradiant first lamp of making a video recording to the monitoring point on the camera, set up and be in monitoring point one side is used for the second lamp of making a video recording of light filling when the image is shot to the monitoring point.
Furthermore, the number of the monitoring points is more than one, and the interval between adjacent monitoring points is 5 m.
Further, the horizontal distance between the camera and the connecting line of the monitoring points is 0.35 m.
Further, the camera is arranged on a camera tripod with adjustable height, the first camera shooting lamp is arranged above the camera, and the second camera shooting lamp is arranged on the camera tripod with adjustable height.
Furthermore, a first depression angle is formed between the camera of the camera and the ground where the monitoring point is located, a second depression angle is formed between the first camera shooting lamp and the ground where the monitoring point is located, and the second depression angle is larger than the first depression angle.
Further, a camera of the camera and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a depression angle of 30 degrees; the first camera lamp and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a depression angle of 35 degrees.
Further, the brightness of the first camera light is adjusted to the maximum, and then the brightness of the second camera light is adjusted.
Furthermore, the second camera lamp and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a depression angle of 45 degrees.
Further, the light intensity of the first camera lamp and the second camera lamp on the ground where the monitoring point is located is 160lux or 290 lux.
Furthermore, the image acquisition equipment is used for sequentially shooting images of the monitoring points, in the process, the first camera lamp, the camera and the second camera lamp move in the same direction, and the light emitting directions of the first camera lamp and the second camera lamp always face and converge on the monitoring points of the shot images; the first camera shooting lamp and the camera move in the direction parallel to the monitoring point connecting line, the second camera shooting lamp moves in the direction synchronous with the monitoring point connecting line in a combined mode, and the second camera shooting lamp advances by 20cm from the first camera shooting lamp. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a monitoring and lighting method for shield tunnel night construction, which provides proper illumination and ensures the measurement accuracy.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
1. the underground shield construction is uninterrupted for 24 hours all day, and the construction can be carried out all day and night.
2. The underground shield construction can cause surface subsidence and harm to the road surface and surrounding buildings, and the illumination method can obtain a picture with high definition so as to obtain a subsidence value with high accuracy.
3. In the traditional night ground surface settlement observation, if a total station or leveling measurement is used, large-area illumination is needed, the result can be obtained under the same condition in the daytime, the requirement is harsh, and the efficiency is low due to single-point observation.
4. The invention utilizes two small and exquisite camera lamps to be matched with illumination, and utilizes a close-range photography means of camera photographing to realize high-precision shield construction earth surface settlement observation at night.
5. The camera shooting close-range photogrammetry can realize multi-point observation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of an image acquisition device and monitoring point arrangement of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of image acquisition equipment and monitoring points of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic broken line diagram of the sedimentation values of the method of the present invention and the conventional measurement method in section 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic broken line diagram of the sedimentation values of the method of the present invention and the conventional measurement method in section 2;
in the figure, 1 monitor point, 2 first camera light, 3 second camera light, 4 cameras.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the underground shield construction needs to be performed continuously for 24 hours all day long, the construction is performed all day and night, the ground surface subsidence is caused in the underground shield construction, the road surface and surrounding buildings are damaged, and therefore the ground surface subsidence in the underground shield construction needs to be monitored. If a total station or leveling measurement is used for traditional night ground surface settlement observation, large-area illumination is needed, results can be obtained only under the same conditions in the daytime, the requirements are harsh, single-point observation is adopted, the efficiency is low, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the embodiment provides the monitoring illumination method for the shield tunnel night construction, an effective light source is provided in the process of carrying out close-range photography on a monitoring point, the light is uniform, the light intensity is moderate, the quality and the definition of pictures obtained by the close-range photography are high, high-precision settlement values can be obtained only by subsequently processing the obtained pictures, and the underground shield construction can be guided only by obtaining the high-precision high-accuracy settlement values.
The method comprises the following steps: a plurality of monitoring points are distributed at intervals on a cross section perpendicular to the central line of the shield tunnel construction road, and image acquisition equipment is arranged near the monitoring points; the monitoring point is located on the earth's surface.
The image acquisition equipment is including setting up one side of monitoring point line and right being used for the camera that the image was shot to the monitoring point is installed be used for providing irradiant first lamp of making a video recording to the monitoring point on the camera, set up and be in monitoring point one side is used for the second lamp of making a video recording of light filling when the image is shot to the monitoring point.
In this embodiment, (1) first, a monitoring point is determined: the monitoring points are positioned on the cross section perpendicular to the central line of the shield tunnel construction road. The number of the monitoring points is more than one, and the interval between adjacent monitoring points is 5 m.
(2) Then determining the relative positions of the camera and the two camera lamps and the monitoring point: and the horizontal distance between the camera and the connecting line of the monitoring points is 0.35 m. The camera is located the top of monitoring point, and the camera is 1.55 m with the shooting height on ground that monitoring point was located.
(3) Determining camera and two camera light positions: the camera is arranged on a camera tripod with adjustable height, the first camera shooting lamp is arranged above the camera, and the second camera shooting lamp is arranged on the camera tripod with adjustable height. The camera tripod and the camera lamp tripod are adjustable in height, so that the light intensity can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the first camera lamp and the second camera lamp from the ground. In addition, the camera also realizes accurate focusing by adjusting the height to ensure the definition of the shot image.
The camera of the camera and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a first depression angle, the first camera lamp and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a second depression angle, and the second depression angle is larger than the first depression angle. The purpose is to improve the shooting effect as much as possible, the first camera shooting lamp does not shield the camera shooting sight line, namely, the first camera shooting lamp illuminates downwards as much as possible under the condition that the camera shooting sight line is not shielded.
A video camera of the camera and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a depression angle of 30 degrees; the first camera lamp and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a depression angle of 35 degrees.
In order to enable the camera to reach the height required by shooting, a detachable portable special tripod is adopted for assisting in shooting, the camera tripod and the camera lamp tripod used in the embodiment are composed of bracket legs, telescopic rods, hooping rings, rolling devices and the like, the height can be freely adjusted to the required height for shooting, the rolling devices are arranged at the bottom of the camera tripod and can be used for rolling braking, the camera tripod is convenient to move during translation shooting, and the stability is good.
(4) Adjusting the light intensity of the detected monitoring point: the first camera lamp provides illumination for the monitoring point, and the second camera lamp is used for supplementing light when the monitoring point shoots an image. The first camera shooting lamp and the second camera shooting lamp are both aligned to the same monitored point.
And adjusting the brightness of the first camera shooting lamp to be maximum, and then adjusting the brightness of the second camera shooting lamp.
And the second camera lamp and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a depression angle of 45 degrees.
And adjusting the brightness of the second camera lamp to ensure that the light intensity of the first camera lamp and the second camera lamp irradiating the ground where the monitoring point is located is 160 lux. The test result of the light intensity only needs to place the digital illuminometer on the ground with the right side facing upwards.
The monitoring points are sequentially shot by the image acquisition equipment, in the process, the first camera lamp, the camera and the second camera lamp move in the same direction, and the lighting directions of the first camera lamp and the second camera lamp always face and converge on one monitoring point of the shot image; the first camera shooting lamp and the camera move in the direction parallel to the monitoring point connecting line, the second camera shooting lamp moves in the direction synchronous with the monitoring point connecting line in a combined mode, and the second camera shooting lamp advances by 20cm from the first camera shooting lamp.
Therefore, the method can realize enough lighting conditions for the shield tunnel construction at night. In the invention, the image acquisition equipment acquires images of monitoring points and processes the acquired images to obtain the settlement value, in order to obtain more accurate settlement value, the image acquisition equipment has higher requirements on the definition of the acquired images, the definition of the images has great relation with lighting in the shooting process, and when the shield tunnel construction is carried out at night, the high-definition images are difficult to obtain due to the fact that large-area lighting or illumination is not available. According to the invention, effective local illumination is provided through effective matching of the first camera lamp and the second camera lamp, so that the light intensity of a monitoring point or an image suitable for photographing and collecting is realized, the continuous and effective acquisition of a settlement value is met, the efficiency is greatly improved, and the problem that the ground settlement value is difficult to efficiently acquire during the construction of the shield tunnel at night is solved.
In order to improve the effect, a reflector can be further adhered to the field measuring point, so that the shooting is easily influenced. The photographing mode is parallel multi-baseline photography so as to cover the section to be monitored. The length of the base line is 1/6-1/10 of the shooting distance, multiple base lines are ensured to be on the same straight line as much as possible, the shot images are ensured to reach the overlapping degree of more than 60% required by software processing, the images are screened by a software control three-matching program, unusable images need to be shot again, and finally the images are sorted and numbered. And a wireless remote control method is provided for shooting, so that not only can smooth photo collection be ensured, but also convenience and simplicity in operation are ensured.
Example 2
The difference between the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 1 of the invention is that the brightness of the second camera lamp is adjusted to make the light intensity of the first camera lamp and the second camera lamp to the ground where the monitoring point is located 290 lux.
Example 3
The difference between the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 1 is that the brightness of the second camera lamp is adjusted to ensure that the light intensity of the first camera lamp and the light intensity of the second camera lamp, which irradiate the ground where the monitoring point is located, are 150 lux.
Example 4
The difference between the embodiment 4 and the embodiment 1 is that the brightness of the second camera lamp is adjusted to ensure that the light intensity of the first camera lamp and the light intensity of the second camera lamp, which irradiate the ground where the monitoring point is located, are 200 lux.
The apparatus used in the present invention is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Name of the instrument | Model number | Parameter(s) | Description of the invention | |
| Total | Middle weft | 2// | ||
| Digital illuminometer | Teansi TA8130 | 0.1LU/0.01FC | Measuring range 200000lux | |
| LED camera lamp | Jiebao TTV-204 | Battery or 7.2-9V DC | ||
| Single lens reflex digital camera | Canon EOS 6D | 2020 ten thousand pixels | 4.5 piece/second continuous shooting |
And accurately observing the coordinates of the image control point and the monitoring point by using the total station. The first camera shooting lamp and the second camera shooting lamp are LED camera shooting lamps. The camera of the present embodiment is a single lens reflex digital camera. In this embodiment, the illumination intensity is measured by a digital illuminometer.
In the embodiment of the invention, the field experiment measurement area selects the shield interval from the administrative central station of the reserved section of the Shijiazhuang to the garden and park station, selects the section to be tunneled by the shield for monitoring, and tests the accuracy and feasibility of the pavement monitoring in the shield tunneling process of the close-range photogrammetry. According to the situation of the site road surface, the ground surface above the center of the shield is selected as a starting point, and the other side of the road is selected as an end point, which is about 15 m. The method is applied to two different sections, namely a section 1 and a section 2, each section is provided with 4 monitoring points, and 8 monitoring points of the two sections are respectively subjected to image shooting by the illumination method. The method of example 1 was applied in section 1 and the method of example 2 was applied in section 2.
The image photographing method of the close-up photography of the present invention and the measured sedimentation value test results of the conventional measurement as a comparison are shown in table 2 and fig. 3 and 4. The process of obtaining a sedimentation value from a captured image is prior art.
And (3) carrying out image shooting on the 8 monitoring points by using a traditional measuring method, wherein the method is to use a total station or leveling measurement, needs large-area illumination, reaches the same condition in the daytime and then obtains a result.
TABLE 2
The contrast result shows that the settlement value measured by the method of the invention has little difference with the settlement value measured by the traditional measuring means, the maximum error of the individual point measured by the close-range photogrammetry and the traditional measurement is only 0.0015m, the general error does not exceed 0.5mm, the precision can be ensured, and the engineering application under the conditions can be satisfied.
The method needs to continuously photograph the monitoring points of the cross section of the shield advancing process by using the close-range photographing method so as to measure the surface settlement value, and plays a role in guiding construction by matching with the uninterrupted operation of 24 hours of shield advancing.
After the sedimentation values measured by the traditional measuring means are compared with the sedimentation values measured by the methods of the embodiment 3 and the embodiment 4, the point location error is relatively large when the illumination intensity is less than 160lux and the illumination intensity is between 160lux and 290lux, and the monitoring requirement is not met.
The error is minimum only when the illumination intensity (ground) is 160lux and 290lux, and the requirement of monitoring the deformation of the earth surface can be met, so that the illumination intensity (ground) 160lux and 290lux of the invention have an unexpected technical effect. Therefore, the measurement accuracy can be ensured only by paying special attention to the selection of proper illumination intensity during night shooting.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the underground shield construction is uninterrupted for 24 hours all day, and the construction can be carried out all day and night.
2. The underground shield construction can cause surface subsidence and harm to the road surface and surrounding buildings, and the illumination method can obtain a picture with high definition so as to obtain a subsidence value with high accuracy.
3. In the traditional night ground surface settlement observation, if a total station or leveling measurement is used, large-area illumination is needed, the result can be obtained under the same condition in the daytime, the requirement is harsh, and the efficiency is low due to single-point observation.
4. The invention utilizes two small and exquisite camera lamps to be matched with illumination, and utilizes a close-range photography means of camera photographing to realize high-precision shield construction earth surface settlement observation at night.
5. The camera shooting close-range photogrammetry can realize multi-point observation.
The embodiments described above are only preferred embodiments of the invention and are not exhaustive of the possible implementations of the invention. Any obvious modifications to the above would be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art, but would not bring the invention so modified beyond the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A monitoring and lighting method for shield tunnel night construction is characterized in that: a plurality of monitoring points are distributed at intervals on a cross section perpendicular to the central line of the shield tunnel construction road, and image acquisition equipment is arranged near the monitoring points;
the image acquisition equipment is including setting up one side of monitoring point line and right being used for the camera that the image was shot to the monitoring point is installed be used for providing irradiant first lamp of making a video recording to the monitoring point on the camera, set up and be in monitoring point one side is used for the second lamp of making a video recording of light filling when the image is shot to the monitoring point.
2. The monitoring and lighting method for the shield tunnel night construction according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the number of the monitoring points is more than one, and the interval between adjacent monitoring points is 5 m.
3. The monitoring and lighting method for the shield tunnel night construction according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the horizontal distance between the camera and the connecting line of the monitoring points is 0.35 m.
4. The monitoring and lighting method for the shield tunnel night construction according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the camera is arranged on a camera tripod with adjustable height, the first camera shooting lamp is arranged above the camera, and the second camera shooting lamp is arranged on the camera tripod with adjustable height.
5. The monitoring and lighting method for the shield tunnel night construction according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the camera of the camera and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a first depression angle, the first camera lamp and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a second depression angle, and the second depression angle is larger than the first depression angle.
6. The monitoring and lighting method for the shield tunnel night construction according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: a video camera of the camera and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a depression angle of 30 degrees; the first camera lamp and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a depression angle of 35 degrees.
7. The monitoring and lighting method for the shield tunnel night construction according to claim 5, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the second camera lamp and the ground where the monitoring point is located form a depression angle of 45 degrees.
8. The monitoring and lighting method for the shield tunnel night construction according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and adjusting the brightness of the first camera shooting lamp to be maximum, and then adjusting the brightness of the second camera shooting lamp.
9. The monitoring and lighting method for the shield tunnel night construction according to claim 8, wherein: and the light intensity of the first camera lamp and the second camera lamp irradiating the ground where the monitoring point is located is 160lux or 290 lux.
10. The monitoring and lighting method for the shield tunnel night construction according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the monitoring points are sequentially shot by the image acquisition equipment, in the process, the first camera lamp, the camera and the second camera lamp move in the same direction, and the lighting directions of the first camera lamp and the second camera lamp always face and converge on the monitoring points of the shot images; the first camera shooting lamp and the camera move in the direction parallel to the monitoring point connecting line, the second camera shooting lamp moves in the direction synchronous with the monitoring point connecting line in a combined mode, and the second camera shooting lamp advances by 20cm from the first camera shooting lamp.
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| CN202010768925.6A CN112113540A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Monitoring and illuminating method for shield tunnel construction at night |
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| CN202010768925.6A CN112113540A (en) | 2020-08-03 | 2020-08-03 | Monitoring and illuminating method for shield tunnel construction at night |
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2020
- 2020-08-03 CN CN202010768925.6A patent/CN112113540A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107024182A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-08-08 | 东华理工大学 | A kind of shield tunnel deformation wireless monitor system and method |
| CN207560204U (en) * | 2017-10-17 | 2018-06-29 | 石家庄学院 | A kind of tunnel tunnel face Image Acquisition transmission process integral system |
| CN108134905A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-06-08 | 南京火眼猴信息科技有限公司 | For the illumination light filling unit and light compensating apparatus of Tunnel testing image capture apparatus |
| CN209589818U (en) * | 2019-03-02 | 2019-11-05 | 陈雅 | Image acquiring apparatus is used in a kind of detection of equipment |
| CN110057344A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-26 | 北京交通大学 | Settle detection method and platform |
| CN110166648A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-23 | 杭州国翌科技有限公司 | A kind of camera detection locking means and device based on optical imagery |
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