CN112113531B - Digital detection device and detection method for space bent pipe fitting - Google Patents
Digital detection device and detection method for space bent pipe fitting Download PDFInfo
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- CN112113531B CN112113531B CN202010997657.5A CN202010997657A CN112113531B CN 112113531 B CN112113531 B CN 112113531B CN 202010997657 A CN202010997657 A CN 202010997657A CN 112113531 B CN112113531 B CN 112113531B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/20—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring contours or curvatures, e.g. determining profile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
- G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/20—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
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- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a digital detection device and a digital detection method for a space bent pipe fitting, and particularly relates to the technical field of pipe fitting detection. The digital detection device of the space bending pipe fitting comprises: the device comprises a digital control system, a detection base station, a lifting mechanism and a detection unit body, wherein the lifting mechanism is arranged on the detection base station, and a plurality of lifting mechanisms are arranged in an array manner; the plurality of detection unit bodies are connected with the lifting ends of the plurality of lifting mechanisms in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the spatial bent pipe fittings are suitable for being arranged above the detection unit bodies, and the detection unit bodies are suitable for supporting and detecting the distance between the detection unit bodies and the spatial bent pipe fittings; the digital control system is suitable for controlling the lifting end of the lifting mechanism to lift to a set height, and acquiring the distance between the detection unit body corresponding to the lifting mechanism and the spatial bent pipe fitting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipe detection, in particular to a digital detection device and a digital detection method for a space bent pipe.
Background
The complex space bending pipe fitting is a part which is extremely important in the field of aerospace, and is called as a blood vessel in aerospace engines. The application quantity of various bent pipe fittings of a single engine is extremely large, and can reach more than 200. Therefore, such space-bending pipes are characterized by: the product has the advantages of numerous and various types, and different specifications, namely typical products with multiple specifications and small batch; in order to avoid installation interference, the tubular precision requirement is extremely high, so that the detection work of the parts is extremely large and cumbersome.
At present, aiming at the detection work of the parts, production companies often set a detection tool department specially. The department is mainly responsible for designing and building a special checking fixture for each pipe fitting to detect the space pipe type of the pipe fitting, the special checking fixture is mainly formed by assembling a series of standard blocks with different functions, the principle of the special checking fixture is similar to that of building blocks, the checking fixture is mainly constructed by adjusting a detection unit in a manual mode, the automation degree is low, the detection efficiency is low, and the production period of products is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the conventional detection equipment for the space bent pipe fitting mainly adjusts a detection unit in a manual mode to construct a special detection tool, has low automation degree and detection efficiency and prolongs the production cycle of products to a certain extent.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a digital detection device for a spatial bending pipe, comprising:
detecting the base station;
a plurality of lifting mechanisms arranged on the detection base, wherein the plurality of lifting mechanisms are arranged in an array;
the space bending pipe fittings are suitable to be arranged above the detection unit bodies, and the detection unit bodies are suitable to support and detect the distance between the detection unit bodies and the space bending pipe fittings; and
and the digital control system is suitable for controlling the lifting end of the lifting mechanism to lift to a set height and acquiring the distance between the detection unit body corresponding to the lifting mechanism and the spatial bent pipe fitting.
Furthermore, the lifting mechanism comprises a driving mechanism and a screw transmission mechanism, the driving mechanism is in communication connection with the digital control system, the driving mechanism is in driving connection with the screw transmission mechanism, and the screw transmission mechanism is used for lifting the lifting end of the lifting mechanism.
Further, actuating mechanism includes the motor, screw drive mechanism includes base, guide post, lead screw and slider, the guide post is fixed in on the base, the lead screw with actuating mechanism's output shaft, the slider is seted up threaded hole and guiding hole respectively, the lead screw pass through the threaded hole with the slider is connected, the guide post pass through the guiding hole with the slider cooperation, wherein, the detection cell body with the slider is connected.
Furthermore, the detecting unit body comprises a measuring rod, a measuring head, a displacement sensor and a piezoelectric sensor, wherein the measuring head is connected with the lifting end of the lifting mechanism through the measuring rod, the displacement sensor is arranged at the bottom end of the measuring rod, and the piezoelectric sensor is arranged at the measuring head.
Further, the measuring head is of a spherical structure, and the diameter of the measuring rod is gradually increased from the top end to the bottom end of the measuring rod.
Further, r is less than 0.05d, a is more than or equal to 0.5d and is less than d;
wherein, r is the radius of measuring head, d is the pipe diameter of space bending pipe fitting, and a is a plurality of the interval of detecting element body.
Further, the number of the detecting unit bodies in any straight line formed in any direction in the array by the plurality of detecting unit bodies arranged in the array is at least six, the number of the detecting unit bodies is not less than 6 x (n + 1), wherein n is the number of the bending angles of the space bending pipe fitting.
In addition, the present invention also provides a digital detection method for a spatial curved pipe, the digital detection method using the digital detection apparatus for a spatial curved pipe, comprising:
generating a standard three-dimensional design model of the space bending pipe fitting through a digital control system;
driving a detection unit body to descend by a set height according to the lifting mechanism of the standard three-dimensional design model control part, so that the descending detection unit body forms a concave part with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model;
placing the spatially curved tube in the recess;
and detecting the distance between the space bent pipe fitting and each detection unit body forming the sunken part.
Further, the detecting a distance between the space bending pipe and each of the detecting unit bodies forming the recess includes:
detecting and determining the respective detecting unit bodies formed in the recess portion not in contact with the spatially curved pipe;
raising by controlling the respective raising and lowering mechanisms until each of the detecting unit bodies in the recess portion, which is not in contact with the spatially curved tube member, is raised and brought into contact with the spatially curved tube member;
and acquiring the ascending distance of the corresponding lifting mechanism through the digital control system, so as to acquire the distance between the detection unit body which is not in contact with the space bent pipe fitting in the concave part and the space bent pipe fitting before.
Further, before the lifting mechanism controls a part of the lifting mechanism to drive the detecting unit body to descend for setting the height according to the standard three-dimensional design model, so that the descending detecting unit body forms a concave part with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model, the method further comprises the following steps:
and selecting a plane vertical to the lifting direction of the lifting mechanism as an XOY detection reference plane of the standard three-dimensional design model, wherein the standard three-dimensional design model has no ghost in the XOY detection reference plane.
Further, the controlling part of the lifting mechanism according to the standard three-dimensional design model drives the detecting unit body to descend for setting the height, so that the descending detecting unit body forms a concave part with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model, and the method comprises the following steps:
generating a standard projection outline of the standard three-dimensional design model on the XOY detection reference surface;
projecting the central positions of all the detection unit bodies on the XOY detection reference plane to obtain the projected central positions of the detection unit bodies;
determining the height of the bottom surface of the standard three-dimensional design model corresponding to each projection center position in the standard projection outline;
and controlling the detection unit bodies corresponding to the projection center positions in the standard projection outline to descend to the height of the bottom surface of the corresponding standard three-dimensional design model, so that the plurality of detection unit bodies form the concave parts with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model.
In addition, the present invention also provides another digital detection method for a spatially curved tube, the digital detection method using the digital detection apparatus for a spatially curved tube, comprising:
placing the space bending pipe fittings on a plurality of detection unit bodies;
controlling the detection unit bodies in contact with the space bending pipe fitting to descend until the detected parts of the space bending pipe fitting are completely sunk into a reference plane, wherein the reference plane is a plane where vertexes of the detection unit bodies which do not descend are located;
detecting the heights of the plurality of descending detection unit bodies, and enabling a digital control system to generate a corresponding detected three-dimensional design model according to the descending heights of the plurality of detection unit bodies;
and comparing the detected three-dimensional design model with a standard three-dimensional design model.
Further, the detected part of the space bending pipe fitting is completely sunk into the reference plane, and the space bending pipe fitting comprises:
and controlling the detection unit body contacted with the space bent pipe fitting to descend until each point on the space bent pipe fitting is lower than or level to the reference plane.
Compared with the prior art, the digital detection device for the spatial bent pipe fitting provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
the standard three-dimensional design model of the space bent pipe fitting is guided into a digital control system, the standard three-dimensional design model of the space bent pipe fitting is generated in the digital control system, then a part of detection unit bodies are controlled to descend to corresponding set heights through digital association between the standard three-dimensional design model and the space bent pipe fitting of an actual product, a plurality of detection unit bodies are further enabled to form a sunken part with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model, then the space bent pipe fitting is placed in the sunken part to detect the space bent pipe fitting, the distance between each detection unit body in the sunken part and a detection point of the corresponding space bent pipe fitting in the vertical direction is obtained, and subsequent optimization and improvement are facilitated. The degree of automation is high, and completion that can be quick is to the detection of space bending pipe fitting, can improve detection efficiency by a wide margin, shortens the production cycle of product. The problem of current detection equipment for space bending pipe fitting mainly adjust detecting element through artificial mode and found special utensil of examining, degree of automation is low, and detection efficiency is low, has increased product production cycle is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a digital detection device for a space bending pipe fitting according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the connection between the elevating mechanism and the detecting unit according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a standard three-dimensional design model import digital control system in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the center position of the detecting unit body mapped on the XOY detecting reference plane according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the standby detecting unit according to the embodiment of the present invention when acquiring Z coordinate values;
FIG. 6 is a schematic block diagram of a space bending tube of an embodiment of the present invention placed in a recess;
fig. 7 is a schematic flow chart of a digital detection method of a space bending pipe fitting according to an embodiment of the invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-detection base station, 11-working table surface, 12-working box body, 2-detection unit body, 21-measuring rod, 22-measuring head, 23-displacement sensor, 3-digital control system, 4-three-dimensional design model, 5-space bent pipe fitting, 6-lead screw transmission mechanism, 61-base, 62-guide column, 63-lead screw, 64-slide block, 65-coupler and 7-driving mechanism.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that in the drawings, the Z-axis represents the vertical, i.e., up-down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis (i.e., the arrow direction of the Z-axis) represents the up, and the negative direction of the Z-axis (i.e., the direction opposite to the positive direction of the Z-axis) represents the down;
in the drawings, the Y-axis represents a horizontal direction and is designated as a left-right position, and a positive direction of the Y-axis (i.e., an arrow direction of the Y-axis) represents a right side and a negative direction of the Y-axis (i.e., a direction opposite to the positive direction of the Y-axis) represents a left side;
in the drawings, the X-axis indicates the front-rear position, and the positive direction of the X-axis (i.e., the arrow direction of the X-axis) indicates the front side, and the negative direction of the X-axis (i.e., the direction opposite to the positive direction of the X-axis) indicates the rear side;
it should also be noted that the foregoing Z-axis, Y-axis, and X-axis representations are merely intended to facilitate the description of the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment provides a digital detection apparatus for a spatial curved pipe fitting, including a detection base 1, a plurality of lifting mechanisms, a plurality of detection unit bodies 2, and a digital control system 3, where the plurality of lifting mechanisms are arranged on the detection base 1 in an array manner; the plurality of detection unit bodies 2 are correspondingly connected with the lifting ends of the plurality of lifting mechanisms one by one, the spatial bent pipe fittings 5 are suitable for being arranged on the plurality of detection unit bodies 2, and the detection unit bodies 2 are suitable for detecting the distance between the tops of the detection unit bodies and the spatial bent pipe fittings 5; the digital control system 3 is suitable for controlling the lifting ends of the plurality of lifting mechanisms to lift to a set height, and the digital control system 3 is suitable for knowing the distance between the detection unit bodies 2 corresponding to the lifting mechanisms and the space bending pipe fitting 5.
Referring to fig. 1, preferably, the detection base 1 includes a work table 11 and a work box 12, wherein the work table 11 is disposed on the top of the work box 12; a plurality of detection unit bodies 2 are arranged on the working table surface 11 in an array manner; elevating system sets up in the bottom of detecting element body 2, and the bottom of every detecting element body 2 all is connected with an elevating system.
Here, through the detection unit body 2 of array distribution on table surface, can have extremely strong universality and commonality in the detection of complicated space pipe fitting, can deal with the crooked pipe type of most complicated pipe fittings and detect, be particularly suitable for the detection of so-called "small batch, many specifications" crooked pipe fitting product, can avoid that many unnecessary resources are idle and the manpower is extravagant, greatly reduced the detection cost of the many specifications product of the same kind.
Referring to fig. 2, preferably, the lifting mechanism includes a driving mechanism 7 and a screw transmission mechanism 6, the driving mechanism 7 is in communication connection with the digital control system 3, the driving mechanism 7 is in driving connection with the screw transmission mechanism 6, and the screw transmission mechanism 6 is used for lifting the lifting end of the lifting mechanism.
Referring to fig. 2, preferably, the driving mechanism 7 is a micro motor, the screw transmission mechanism 6 includes a base 61, a guide post 62, a screw 63 and a slider 64, the guide post 62 is fixed between the upper and lower ends of the base 61, the screw 63 is rotatably connected with the base 61, the screw 63 is connected with an output shaft of the driving mechanism 7, the slider 64 is respectively provided with a threaded hole and a guide hole, the threaded hole is in threaded connection with the screw 63, the guide hole is matched with the guide post 62, wherein the detecting unit 2 is connected with the slider 64, and the slider 64 is a lifting end of the lifting mechanism. One end of the screw 63 may be connected to an output shaft of the driving mechanism through a coupling 65.
Referring to fig. 2, preferably, the detecting unit body 2 includes a measuring rod 21, a measuring head 22, a displacement sensor 23 and a piezoelectric sensor, the measuring head 22 is connected with the slider 64 through the measuring rod 21, the displacement sensor 23 is disposed at the bottom end of the measuring rod 21, the displacement sensor 23 is connected with the lifting mechanism, and the piezoelectric sensor is disposed inside the measuring head 22.
Referring to fig. 2, the measuring head 22 is preferably of a spherical configuration, and the measuring rod 21 has a diameter that gradually increases from its top end to its bottom end, the measuring rod being similar to a needle-like configuration.
Meanwhile, the parts of the embodiment have good interchangeability, are easy to maintain and flexible, the needle-shaped contact type detection unit body 2 can be transformed according to actual needs, and further certain solution ideas can be provided for the detection of complex three-dimensional curved surfaces, irregular parts and other engineering troublesome problems.
In the digital detection device for the spatial curved pipe fitting of the embodiment, the number of the detection unit bodies 2, the screw transmission mechanism 6 and the driving mechanism 7 is determined according to the shape and the size of the spatial curved pipe fitting 5 and the number of required detection points, and the following conditions should be satisfied:
(1) The array spacing a of the detection unit bodies 2 is smaller than the pipe diameter d of the spatial bent pipe fitting 5, the smaller the array spacing a is, the more accurate the detection result is, but considering that in practical engineering application, the array spacing a cannot be randomly small and is not necessary due to the space limitation of the lead screw transmission mechanism 6 and the driving mechanism 7, so the array spacing a is preferably in the interval of [0.5d, d ];
(2) At least 6 detection points are required to be arranged on each straight line segment, the total number m of the detection points is not less than 6 (n + 1), wherein n is the number of bend angles of the spatial bent pipe fitting 5, namely the number of the detection unit bodies 2 in any straight line formed by the detection unit bodies 2 arranged in the array in any direction in the array is at least six, the number of the detection unit bodies 2 is not less than 6 (n + 1), and n is the number of bend angles of the spatial bent pipe fitting 5; this embodiment directly links up three-dimensional design model 4 and the actual product of crooked pipe fitting 5 in space, and its check point is more, detection area is wider, and its digital control system 3 can carry out high accuracy fit according to the feedback signal of sensor, and then reconstructs the actual outline of complicated pipe fitting, so can provide more reasonable suggestion for the resilience of complicated space pipe fitting and school shape problem.
(3) The radius r of the measuring head 22 should be at least less than 0.05d. The smaller the radius r of the measuring head, the correspondingly smaller the error of the detection result.
In addition, referring to fig. 3 to 7, the present embodiment further provides a digital detection method for a spatially curved pipe, the digital detection method uses the aforementioned digital detection apparatus for a spatially curved pipe, the digital detection method is denoted as a first detection method, and the first detection method includes:
firstly, a standard three-dimensional design model 4 of a space bending pipe fitting 5 is generated in a digital control system 3;
thereafter, a part of the detecting unit bodies 2 is controlled to descend by a set height according to the standard three-dimensional design model 4, so that the descending detecting unit bodies 2 form a depressed part having the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model 4;
thereafter, the space bending tube 5 is placed in the recess;
thereafter, the space between the space bending pipe 5 and each of the detecting unit bodies 2 forming the depressed portion is detected.
Here, the standard three-dimensional design model 4 of the spatially curved pipe 5 is introduced into the digital control system 3, the generation of the standard three-dimensional design model 4 of the spatially curved pipe 5 in the digital control system 3 is completed, then, through the digital association between the standard three-dimensional design model 4 and the spatially curved pipe 5 of an actual product, a part of the detecting unit bodies 2 is controlled to descend to the corresponding set height, so that the plurality of detecting unit bodies 2 form the recesses with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model 4, and then, the spatially curved pipe 5 is placed in the recesses to detect the spatially curved pipe 5, so as to obtain the distance between each detecting unit body 2 in the recess and the detecting point of the spatially curved pipe 5 corresponding to the vertical direction, thereby facilitating the subsequent optimization and improvement. The degree of automation is high, can accomplish the detection to space bending pipe spare 5 fast, can improve detection efficiency by a wide margin, shortens the production cycle of product.
It should be noted that the standard three-dimensional design model 4 may be a three-dimensional CAD design model; the space bending pipe 5 is produced in the standard three-dimensional design model 4.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, before controlling a part of the detecting unit body 2 to descend by a set height according to the standard three-dimensional design model 4 so that the descended detecting unit body 2 forms a recess having the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model 4, preferably, includes:
importing the initial form three-dimensional design model into a digital control system 3;
and selecting a plane vertical to the lifting direction of the lifting mechanism as an XOY detection reference plane of the initial form three-dimensional design model, wherein the standard three-dimensional design model 4 has no ghost in the XOY detection reference plane.
Preferably, the method for achieving "the standard three-dimensional design model 4 has no ghost in the XOY detection reference plane" may be: and selecting one end of the standard three-dimensional design model 4 as a coordinate origin, and rotating the standard three-dimensional design model 4 by taking the coordinate origin as the origin to obtain the standard three-dimensional design model 4 without ghost in the XOY detection reference plane.
Here, by detecting the reference plane by XOY, correspondence of coordinates between the spatially curved tube 5 and the standard three-dimensional design model 4 can be acquired, and it is possible to associate the spatially curved tube 5 in the real space with the standard three-dimensional design model 4 in the virtual space.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, preferably, controlling a part of the detecting unit body 2 to descend by a set height according to the standard three-dimensional design model 4 so that the descended detecting unit body 2 forms a depressed portion having the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model 4 includes:
firstly, generating a standard projection outline of a standard three-dimensional design model 4 on an XOY detection reference plane;
then, the center positions of all the detection unit bodies 2 are projected on the XOY detection reference plane to obtain the projected center positions of the detection unit bodies 2; wherein the central position of the detecting unit body 2 refers to a position at the top plane of the detecting base.
Then, at least determining the height of the bottom surface of the standard three-dimensional design model 4 corresponding to a plurality of projection center positions positioned in the standard projection outline;
then, the detecting unit bodies 2 corresponding to the plurality of projection center positions within the standard projection profile are lowered to the height of the bottom surface of the corresponding standard three-dimensional design model 4, so that the plurality of detecting unit bodies 2 form the depressions having the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model 4.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, preferably, selecting the XOY detection datum of the three-dimensional design model 4 includes:
selecting one end of a standard three-dimensional design model 4 as a coordinate origin, rotating the standard three-dimensional design model 4 by using the coordinate origin, and selecting a view of the three-dimensional design model 4 without a ghost as an XOY detection reference plane;
determining at least the height of the bottom surface of the standard three-dimensional design model 4 corresponding to the plurality of projection center positions within the standard projection profile, including: spatial coordinates a (X, Y, Z) of the bottom surface position of the standard three-dimensional design model 4 with respect to the origin of coordinates corresponding to the plurality of projection center positions within the standard projection profile are known.
Here, the center positions of all the detection unit bodies 2 distributed in An array are mapped on the XOY detection reference plane to obtain all the projection center positions, then coordinate values of the projection center positions in the standard projection profile are selected, the coordinate values of the projection center positions in the direction sequentially away from the coordinate origin in the standard projection profile can be sequentially denoted as A1 (X1, Y1), A2 (X2, Y2), … …, an (Xn, yn), the heights of the bottom surfaces of the standard three-dimensional design models 4 corresponding to A1, A2, … …, an (i.e., Z-direction coordinate values) can be sequentially denoted as Z1, Z2, … …, zn, and the spatial coordinates a (X, Y, Z) of the bottom surface positions of the standard three-dimensional design models 4 corresponding to a plurality of projection center positions in the standard projection profile relative to the coordinate origin can be sequentially denoted as A1 (X1, Y1, Z1), a (X2, Y2, Z2) 34zn 3425, xn, zn, yn, zn 25. The digital control system 3 can control the corresponding detection unit bodies 2 to ascend and descend according to the space coordinates so as to form a concave part for detecting the space bent pipe fitting 5.
Referring to fig. 6, preferably, the distance between the space bent pipe 5 and the plurality of detecting unit bodies 2 in the recess includes:
the deviation between the actual value and the design value of each detection point of the space bending tube 5 is known from the signals fed back by the displacement sensors 23 and the piezoelectric sensors in the plurality of detection unit bodies in the recessed portions.
Here, after the recess is constructed, the space bending pipe 5 is placed in the recess, the digital control system 3 receives signals fed back by the displacement sensor 23 and the piezoelectric sensor, and can calculate the deviation between the actual value and the design value of each detection point, namely the difference value of the Z coordinate value of each detection point, and design or research related personnel can correct the shape of the space bending pipe 5 or provide a more optimized production process according to the fed-back deviation, so as to ensure that the space bending pipe 5 better conforms to the standard of the standard three-dimensional design model 4. After the space bending pipe 5 is placed in the recess, if a piezoelectric sensor in the measuring head 22 has a signal fed back to the digital control system 3, it indicates that the detecting unit body 2 corresponding to the piezoelectric sensor is in contact with the space bending pipe 5, and it indicates that the space bending pipe 5 has no deviation at the detecting point; if the piezoelectric sensor in the measuring head 22 does not have a signal fed back to the digital control system 3, it indicates that the detecting unit body 2 corresponding to the piezoelectric sensor is spaced from the spatial curved pipe 5, and it indicates that the spatial curved pipe 5 has a deviation at the detecting point, at this time, the detecting unit body 2 can be controlled to continue to rise until contacting with the spatial curved pipe 5, that is, until the piezoelectric sensor in the measuring head 22 of the detecting unit body 2 has a signal fed back to the digital control system 3, and then the deviation of the detecting point can be known by the displacement sensor 23 at the bottom of the detecting unit body 2. In addition, in the first detection method, a photoelectric sensor may be used instead of the piezoelectric sensor, and the distance between the detection unit body 2 and the space bending pipe 5 may be directly measured by the photoelectric sensor; of course, the piezoelectric sensor used in the present embodiment is considered for the following second detection method.
Preferably, after detecting the distance between the space bending pipe 5 and each detecting unit body 2 in the recess, the method comprises:
the space coordinates of each detection unit body 2 in the formed concave part and the information of the corresponding space bent pipe fitting 5 are recorded into a project file and stored into the digital control system 3.
Here, since the project file stores information (such as the kind, the specification, and the like) of the spatially curved tube member 5 and spatial coordinates of the plurality of detecting unit bodies 2 for forming the corresponding dents in conformity with the state of detecting the spatially curved tube member 5. By storing the project file in the digital control system 3, the project file can be directly called when the space bent pipe fitting 5 is detected next time, and the detection efficiency is further improved.
Referring to fig. 7, in addition, the present embodiment provides another digital detection method of the spatially curved tube, which is referred to as a second detection method, because the spatially curved tube 5 has a complicated three-dimensional direction, the spatially curved tube 5 after production may not be placed in the "recess" of the first detection method due to size rebound, and the second detection method is required.
The second detection method comprises the following steps:
first, the spatial bent pipe 5 is placed on the plurality of detecting unit bodies 2;
then, controlling the digital control system 3 to enable the detection unit bodies 2 in contact with the space bent pipe fitting 5 to descend until the detected parts of the space bent pipe fitting 5 are completely sunk into a reference plane, wherein the reference plane is a plane where the top ends of the detection unit bodies 2 which do not descend are located;
then, the heights of the plurality of detection unit bodies 2 which descend are detected, and the digital control system 3 generates corresponding detected three-dimensional design models 4 according to the heights of the plurality of detection unit bodies 2 which descend;
the three-dimensional design model to be tested is then compared with the standard three-dimensional design model 4.
Here, it should be noted that the aforementioned "detected part of the spatially curved tube 5" refers to a region to be detected of the spatially curved tube, and may be, for example, half of the spatially curved tube 5, one third of the spatially curved tube 5, and so on.
The "enabling the digital control system 3 to generate the corresponding detected three-dimensional design model according to the descending heights of the plurality of detecting unit bodies 2" may be: the trend of the central axis of the spatial curved pipe fitting 5 is calculated according to the lower contour of each detection unit body 2 in the concave part, which is in contact with the spatial curved pipe fitting 5, and the corresponding detected three-dimensional design model can be generated because the pipe diameter of the spatial curved pipe fitting 5 is constant.
Preferably, before comparing the detected three-dimensional design model with the standard three-dimensional design model 4, the method comprises: generating a standard three-dimensional design model 4 of a spatially curved tube 5 in a digital control system 3;
after the detected three-dimensional design model is compared with the standard three-dimensional design model 4, the method comprises the following steps: and acquiring the distance between each detection point in the detected three-dimensional design model and the standard three-dimensional design model 4.
Preferably, the detected portion of the spatially curved tube member 5 is completely sunk into the reference plane, including: and controlling the detection unit body 2 contacted with the space bending pipe fitting 5 to descend until each point on the space bending pipe fitting 5 is lower than or level with the reference plane. That is, after the above-mentioned "making the detecting unit body 2 contacting with the spatially curved tube member 5 descend until the detected portion of the spatially curved tube member 5 completely sinks into the reference plane", the detecting unit body 2 contacting with the spatially curved tube member 5 continues to be controlled to descend until the number of the detecting unit bodies 2 contacting with the spatially curved tube member 5 does not increase any more, that is, the detection of the spatially curved tube member 5 as a whole is completed.
In the embodiment, after the deviation between the actual value of each detection point of the spatial curved pipe 5 and the design value is detected by the first detection method or the deviation between the actual value of each detection point of the spatial curved pipe 5 and the design value is detected by the second detection method, an optimization suggestion for preliminary shape correction can be given according to the deviation, the spatial curved pipe 5 is preliminarily corrected according to the optimization suggestion for preliminary shape correction, then, the project file stored in the first detection method is called out to construct the recess for placing the spatial curved pipe 5 after shape correction, and the spatial curved pipe 5 after preliminary shape correction is detected again.
To sum up, the digital detection method for the spatial curved pipe fitting of the embodiment may include the following steps:
s100, generating a standard three-dimensional design model of the space bending pipe fitting in a digital control system;
s200, selecting an XOY detection reference plane of the standard three-dimensional design model, and generating a standard projection profile of the standard three-dimensional design model on the XOY detection reference plane;
s300, projecting the central positions of all the detection unit bodies on an XOY detection reference plane to obtain the projected central positions of the detection unit bodies;
s400, at least enabling the detection unit bodies corresponding to the projection center positions in the standard projection outline to descend to the height of the bottom surface of the corresponding standard three-dimensional design model, so that the detection unit bodies form concave parts with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model;
s500, judging whether the space bending pipe fitting can be placed in the concave part, if so, placing the space bending pipe fitting in the concave part, acquiring deviation between an actual value and a designed value of each detection point of the space bending pipe fitting, and if not, entering the next step;
s600, placing the space bent pipe fitting on the plurality of detection unit bodies, and controlling a digital control system to enable the detection unit bodies in contact with the space bent pipe fitting to descend until the detected part of the space bent pipe fitting is completely sunk into a reference plane, wherein the reference plane is a plane where the plurality of detection unit bodies which do not descend are located;
s700, detecting the heights of the plurality of descending detection unit bodies, and enabling the digital control system to generate a corresponding detected three-dimensional design model according to the descending heights of the plurality of detection unit bodies;
s800, comparing the detected three-dimensional design model with the standard three-dimensional design model, and thus obtaining the deviation between the actual value and the design value of each detection point of the space bending pipe fitting.
The terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (11)
1. A digital detection device for a spatial bent pipe fitting is characterized by comprising:
a detection base (1);
a plurality of lifting mechanisms arranged on the detection base (1), wherein the plurality of lifting mechanisms are arranged in an array;
the space bending pipe fittings (5) are suitable to be arranged above the detection unit bodies (2), and the detection unit bodies (2) are suitable to support and detect the distance from the space bending pipe fittings (5); and
the digital control system (3) is suitable for controlling the lifting end of the lifting mechanism to lift to a set height, and acquiring the distance between the detection unit body (2) corresponding to the lifting mechanism and the space bent pipe fitting (5);
the detection unit body (2) comprises a measuring rod (21), a measuring head (22) and a piezoelectric sensor, the measuring head (22) is connected with the lifting end of the lifting mechanism through the measuring rod (21), and the piezoelectric sensor is arranged at the measuring head (22); the measuring head (22) is of a spherical structure, and the diameter of the measuring rod (21) is gradually increased from the top end to the bottom end; r is less than 0.05d, a is more than or equal to 0.5d and less than d, wherein r is the radius of the measuring head (22), d is the pipe diameter of the space bent pipe fitting (5), and a is the distance between the plurality of detecting unit bodies (2).
2. The digital detection device for the spatially curved tube according to claim 1, wherein the lifting mechanism comprises a driving mechanism (7) and a lead screw transmission mechanism (6), the driving mechanism (7) is connected with the digital control system (3) in a communication manner, the driving mechanism (7) is connected with the lead screw transmission mechanism (6) in a driving manner, and the lead screw transmission mechanism (6) is used for lifting a lifting end of the lifting mechanism.
3. The digital detection device for the spatially curved pipe fitting according to claim 2, wherein the driving mechanism (7) comprises a motor, the lead screw transmission mechanism (6) comprises a base (61), a guide post (62), a lead screw (63) and a sliding block (64), the guide post (62) is fixed on the base (61), the lead screw (63) is connected with an output shaft of the driving mechanism (7), the sliding block (64) is respectively provided with a threaded hole and a guide hole, the lead screw (63) is connected with the sliding block (64) through the threaded hole, the guide post (62) is matched with the sliding block (64) through the guide hole, and the detection unit body (2) is connected with the sliding block (64).
4. Digital detection device of spatially curved tubes according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that said detection unit body (2) further comprises a displacement sensor (23), said displacement sensor (23) being arranged at the bottom end of said measuring rod (21).
5. The digital detection device for the spatially curved tube according to claim 1, wherein the number of the detection unit bodies (2) in any straight line formed by the plurality of detection unit bodies (2) arranged in the array in any direction in the array is at least six, and the number of the detection unit bodies (2) is not less than 6 x (n + 1), wherein n is the number of the bending angles of the spatially curved tube (5).
6. A digital detection method of a space bending pipe fitting, characterized in that the digital detection method uses the digital detection device of the space bending pipe fitting of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
generating a standard three-dimensional design model (4) of a space bending pipe fitting (5) through a digital control system (3);
controlling a part of lifting mechanism to drive the detection unit body (2) to descend for setting the height according to the standard three-dimensional design model (4), so that the descending detection unit body (2) forms a concave part with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model (4);
-placing the space bending tube (5) in the recess;
and detecting the distance between the space bent pipe fitting (5) and each detection unit body (2) forming the sunken part.
7. The digital detection method of the spatially curved tube member according to claim 6, wherein the detecting a distance between the spatially curved tube member (5) and each of the detection unit bodies (2) forming the recess comprises:
detecting and determining the respective detecting unit bodies (2) formed in the recess portion without being in contact with the spatially curved tube member (5);
lifting by controlling the corresponding lifting mechanism until each detection unit body (2) in the recess, which is not in contact with the spatially curved tube member (5), is lifted and is in contact with the spatially curved tube member (5);
the corresponding ascending distance of the lifting mechanism is obtained through the digital control system (3), so that the distance between the detection unit body (2) which is not contacted with the space bent pipe fitting (5) in the concave part and the space bent pipe fitting (5) before is obtained.
8. The digital detection method of the space bending pipe fitting according to claim 6,
before the lifting mechanism controls part of the lifting mechanism to drive the detecting unit body (2) to descend for setting the height according to the standard three-dimensional design model (4), so that the descending detecting unit body (2) forms a concave part with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model (4), the method further comprises the following steps:
and selecting a plane vertical to the lifting direction of the lifting mechanism as an XOY detection reference plane of the standard three-dimensional design model (4), wherein the standard three-dimensional design model (4) has no ghost in the XOY detection reference plane.
9. The digital detection method of the space bending pipe fitting according to claim 8,
the method for controlling a part of lifting mechanism to drive a detection unit body (2) to descend for setting the height according to the standard three-dimensional design model (4) so as to enable the descending detection unit body (2) to form a sunken part with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model (4) comprises the following steps:
generating a standard projection outline of the standard three-dimensional design model (4) on the XOY detection reference plane;
projecting the central positions of all the detection unit bodies (2) on the XOY detection reference plane to obtain the projected central positions of the detection unit bodies (2);
determining the height of the bottom surface of the standard three-dimensional design model (4) corresponding to each projection center position in the standard projection outline;
and controlling the detection unit bodies (2) corresponding to the projection center positions in the standard projection outline to descend to the height of the bottom surface of the corresponding standard three-dimensional design model (4), so that the plurality of detection unit bodies (2) form the concave parts with the same shape as the standard three-dimensional design model (4).
10. A digital detection method of a space bending pipe fitting, characterized in that the digital detection method uses the digital detection device of the space bending pipe fitting of any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising:
placing the space bending pipe fittings (5) on the plurality of detection unit bodies (2);
controlling the detection unit bodies (2) in contact with the space bending pipe fitting (5) to descend until the detected parts of the space bending pipe fitting (5) are completely sunk into a reference plane, wherein the reference plane is a plane where the vertexes of the detection unit bodies (2) which do not descend are located;
detecting the heights of the plurality of the detection unit bodies (2) which descend, and enabling the digital control system (3) to generate corresponding detected three-dimensional design models according to the descending heights of the plurality of the detection unit bodies (2);
and comparing the detected three-dimensional design model with a standard three-dimensional design model (4).
11. The digital detection method of the space bending pipe fitting according to claim 10, wherein the detected part of the space bending pipe fitting (5) is completely sunk into the reference plane, and the method comprises the following steps:
and controlling the detection unit body (2) in contact with the space bending pipe fitting (5) to descend until each point on the space bending pipe fitting (5) is lower than or level to the reference plane.
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| CN106441033B (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2019-05-07 | 吉林大学 | The detection device and detection method of heavy section three-dimensional bending part |
| CN108267107A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-07-10 | 江西昌河汽车有限责任公司 | A kind of unitized pipeline SHAPE DETECTION tool and its application method |
| CN208671889U (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-03-29 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Bool flexible checking implement |
| CN109920050B (en) * | 2019-03-01 | 2020-08-14 | 中北大学 | Single-view three-dimensional flame reconstruction method based on deep learning and thin plate spline |
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| US5467289A (en) * | 1992-10-15 | 1995-11-14 | Mitutoyo Corporation | Method of and an apparatus for measuring surface contour |
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