CN112113448B - Method for determining equivalent heat transfer coefficient of heat pipe embedded in oscillating plow breast - Google Patents

Method for determining equivalent heat transfer coefficient of heat pipe embedded in oscillating plow breast Download PDF

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CN112113448B
CN112113448B CN202011012278.2A CN202011012278A CN112113448B CN 112113448 B CN112113448 B CN 112113448B CN 202011012278 A CN202011012278 A CN 202011012278A CN 112113448 B CN112113448 B CN 112113448B
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heat pipe
heat
soil
heating
heat transfer
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CN112113448A (en
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朱林
张佳雯
吴庆明
陈朴
董思佳
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Anhui Agricultural University AHAU
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
    • F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
    • F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for determining equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a swing type plow, which comprises the following steps: s1, adjusting the water content of the soil; s2 testing limit thermal power P of heat pipemax(ii) a S3, testing the temperatures of the evaporation section and the condensation section under the optimal heat transfer power of the heat pipe; s4, measuring and calculating the cross-sectional area A of the heat pipe; s5, according to formula Keff＝μ·λ·Pin·L/[(Th‑Tc)·A]Calculating the equivalent convective heat transfer coefficient K of the heat pipe in the soil of Xinjiangeff. The invention constructs Xinjiang soil by means of Jianghuai soil, and aims to provide a method for determining an equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe-embedded plough under the Xinjiang soil cultivation condition.

Description

Method for determining equivalent heat transfer coefficient of heat pipe embedded in oscillating plow breast
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation machinery, in particular to a method for determining an equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plough breast of a swing type plough.
Background
The plough breast is an important cultivating part of the pendulum plough body, and the shank area is the most key working part of the plough breast. When the pendulum plough works in the field, the shank has the main function of continuously crushing and turning the soil moved by the plough share, and at the moment, the soil is deformed and cracked due to the connection damage of the original binding force; the shank edge area can also induce the damage of the plough due to the repeated disturbance and chiseling action of soil and sand: forming plastic deformation impact pits, causing micro-area cold hardening and abrasive dust peeling, and having great influence on the cutting life and the service performance of the plough body. Researchers select Xinjiang sand clay as a research object, and carry out deep numerical calculation and experimental research on the distribution change of the temperature field on the pendulum plough body and the plough body-soil interaction condition under the complex coupled outfield cultivation condition. The results prove that the chiseling effect of local high temperature and soil rheology on the plough body surface is closely related to the plough damage degree of the plough body. Therefore, a new method for prolonging the cutting life of the plough body by reducing the temperature of the working area of the plough body of the swing type plough and reducing the chiseling coupling effect of soil rheology on the damaged area of the plough body is provided.
The heat pipe is an assembly with one end close to a heat source and the other end close to a region with lower temperature, so that heat is transmitted by smaller temperature difference without external power. The biggest advantage is that: the heat transfer efficiency is extremely high, the working temperature range is wide (-2000 ℃), and the performance is safe and reliable; the price is low, the shape is changeable, and the position arrangement is flexible; therefore, the heat pipe is widely applied to the fields of machinery, aerospace, railways and the like, but the application of the heat pipe in the field of agricultural cultivation machinery is rarely reported at present.
The heat pipe is a heat transfer element, and when the heat pipe works, external heat is transferred to the evaporation section of the heat pipe; the working medium in the pipe is vaporized, heat is transferred to the condensation section, and the heat is released; the vapor liquefies in the condensing section and flows back to the evaporating section under the driving of capillary force in the tube. The heat pipe realizes the performance of heat transmission under the action of the continuous and repeated transformation of the vapor-liquid phase change. However, to realize the efficient heat transfer performance of the heat pipe in the pendulum plough, it is very critical to determine the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the heat pipe in the cultivation environment.
At present, methods for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe mainly comprise a thermal resistance method and a formula method. The thermal resistance method has complex calculation process; the accuracy is lower by a formula method. More importantly, the heat pipe thermal resistance determined by the two methods does not consider a specific actual use environment, and finally obtained data has low referential in actual work.
Therefore, a method for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the heat pipe embedded in the plow breast of the oscillating plow is needed to obtain reliable performance parameters so as to calculate the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the heat pipe in the real soil environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a swing type plow, which provides reliable performance parameters for calculating the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of the heat pipe in a real soil environment.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a swing type plow comprises the following steps:
s1, adjusting the soil moisture content: drying a proper amount of Jianghuai soil for a period of time, measuring the water content of the Jianghuai soil, and adjusting the water content of the Jianghuai soil in a continuous drying or water adding mode to enable the actual water content of the Jianghuai soil to be close to that of Xinjiang soil;
s2 testing limit thermal power P of heat pipemax: the method comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, respectively connecting an evaporation section and a condensation section of a heat pipe with a temperature acquisition module to acquire the temperature of the heat pipe; then, embedding the heat pipe into the plough breast, wherein the manufacturing material of the plough breast is alloy steel; the plough breast is tightly contacted with the heating block, and the heating block is made of red copper; then, an inverter direct current resistance welding power supply is switched on to heat the heating block, and the heating amount is controlled by a resistance adjusting method; finally, the whole device is placed in the soil of Xinjiang in step S1;
b. and switching on an inverter direct current resistance welding power supply, heating the heating block, transferring heat to the plough breast, and further transferring the heat to an evaporation section of a heat pipe embedded in the plough breast. The initial heating power of the heating block is P0After heating for 800s, if the temperature of the evaporation section of the heat pipe tends to be constant, but the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe is not reachedmaxWhen the heat pipe is cooled to room temperature, the heating power P is started at the heating block0On the basis of the heat pipe, 5W is added each time, and then the test is carried out until the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe is reachedmax(ii) a If the temperature of the evaporation section of the heat pipe cannot tend to be constant, after the heat pipe is cooled to room temperature, the heating power P is started at the heating block0On the basis of the method, 5W is reduced every time, and then the test is carried out until the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe is obtainedmax；
c. Repeating the experimental steps a to b for three times, and taking the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe for three timesmaxAverage value;
s3, testing the temperature of the evaporation section and the condensation section under the optimal heat transfer power of the heat pipe: obtaining the limit thermal power P of the heat pipemaxAfter the value is reached, the heat pipe is heated to 0.7PmaxAnd recording the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe at the momentTemperature ThAnd Tc；0.7PmaxThe optimal heat transfer power of the heat pipe is 0.7, wherein the heat efficiency of the heating block heated by the inverter direct current resistance welding power supply is 0.7;
s4, measuring and calculating the cross-sectional area A of the heat pipe;
s5, according to formula Keff＝μ·λ·Pin·L/[(Th-Tc)·A]Calculating the equivalent heat transfer coefficient K of the heat pipe in the soil of Xinjiangeff(ii) a Wherein, KeffIs the equivalent heat transfer coefficient; mu is the heat transfer efficiency of the heating block for transferring heat to the plough breast, and the value is 75%; lambda is the thermal efficiency of the heating block heated by the inverter direct current resistance welding power supply, and the value of lambda is 70%; pinIs the optimum heat transfer power, P, of the heat pipein＝0.7Pmax(ii) a L is the length of the heat pipe; t ishAnd TcHeating the heat pipe PinAfter power, the temperatures of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe are measured; and a is the cross-sectional area of the heat pipe.
Preferably, the temperature acquisition module is connected with the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe through two K-type thermocouple temperature measurement wires.
Preferably, the temperature acquisition module transmits the acquired temperature signal to the computer.
Preferably, in step S3, the limit heating power PmaxMeasured with the condensing section of the heat pipe in an air-cooled condition.
Preferably, in step S3, the limit heating power PmaxThe method is measured under the condition that a condensation section of the heat pipe is tightly connected with a cooling block, wherein the cooling block is an iron block, an aluminum block or a copper block.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for determining equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a swinging plow breast by preparing Xinjiang soil by a proportioning method with the help of Jianghuai soil.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1: the invention is a schematic diagram of an experimental platform.
FIG. 2: the temperature T of the heat pipe of the invention under the air cooling conditionhAnd TcAnd (5) a variation graph.
FIG. 3: temperature T of the heat pipe of the invention under the condition of iron blockhAnd TcAnd (5) a variation graph.
FIG. 4: temperature T of the heat pipe of the invention under the condition of an aluminum blockhAnd TcAnd (5) a variation graph.
FIG. 5: temperature T of the heat pipe of the invention under the condition of the copper blockhAnd TcAnd (5) a variation graph.
FIG. 6: the equivalent heat transfer coefficient value of the heat pipe is measured under the conditions of four different cooling blocks.
FIG. 7: the heat pipe of the invention has a curve diagram of equivalent heat transfer coefficient measured under the conditions of four cooling blocks made of different materials.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention, but the invention can be practiced in many different ways, as defined and covered by the claims:
the first embodiment is as follows: equivalent heat transfer coefficient K of heat pipe under air cooling conditioneffIs calculated by
The invention provides a method for determining equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a swing type plow, which comprises the following steps:
s1, since the density and the water content of the soil are main factors for determining the heat transfer effect of the soil, particularly, the water content is concerned, the soil characteristics need to be changed, and the change of the soil characteristics is mainly realized by adjusting the water content. The Xinjiang soil parameters are shown in the table 1, and the Jianghuai soil parameters are shown in the table 2, so that the density difference between the Xinjiang soil and the Jianghuai soil is not large, the main difference is in the water content, therefore, the adjustment of the water content of the Jianghuai soil is a key factor for simulating the Xinjiang soil, and the adjustment method is as follows: heating a proper amount of Jianghuai soil in a drying oven at 42 ℃ for 8 hours to constant weight, sampling 100g of the dried Jianghuai soil, measuring the water content of the Jianghuai soil, comparing the water content with the water content of the Xinjiang soil, if the water content cannot be approached, continuously adding water or drying to adjust the water content of the Jianghuai soil, measuring the result again until the water content of the Jianghuai soil is approached to the water content of the Xinjiang soil, and finally obtaining that the water content of the Jianghuai soil is 16.6 percent in the embodiment
Figure GDA0003054650710000061
TABLE 1
Figure GDA0003054650710000062
TABLE 2
S2 testing limit thermal power P of the heat pipe under the air cooling conditionmaxNamely, the condensation section of the heat pipe is not provided with a cooling block, and the method comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, respectively connecting an evaporation section and a condensation section of a heat pipe with a temperature acquisition module to acquire the temperature of the heat pipe; then, embedding the heat pipe into the plough breast, wherein the manufacturing material of the plough breast is alloy steel; the plough breast is tightly contacted with the heating block, and the heating block is made of red copper; then, an inverter direct current resistance welding power supply is switched on to heat the heating block, and the heating amount is controlled by a resistance adjusting method; finally, the whole device is placed in the adjusted Jianghuai soil in step S1, as shown in FIG. 1.
b. And switching on an inverter direct current resistance welding power supply, heating the heating block, transferring heat to the plough breast, and further transferring the heat to an evaporation section of a heat pipe embedded in the plough breast. The initial heating power of the heating block is P0After heating for 800s, if the temperature of the evaporation section of the heat pipe tends to be constant, but the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe is not reachedmaxWhen the heat pipe is cooled to room temperature, the heating power P is started at the heating block0On the basis of the heat pipe, 5W is added each time, and then the test is carried out until the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe is reachedmax(ii) a If the temperature of the evaporation section of the heat pipe cannot tend to be constant, after the heat pipe is cooled to room temperature, the heating power P is started at the heating block0On the basis of the method, 5W is reduced every time, and then the test is carried out until the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe is obtainedmax；
c. Repeating the experimental steps a to b for three times, and taking the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe for three timesmaxAverage value;
s3, obtaining the limit thermal power P of the heat pipemaxAfter the value is reached, the heat pipe is heated again by PinPower and recording the temperature T of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe at the momenthAnd TcAt this time, the temperature T of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipehAnd TcThe variation is shown in figure 2.
And S4, measuring and calculating the cross-sectional area A of the heat pipe.
S5, according to formula Keff＝μ·λ·Pin·L/[(Th-Tc)·A]Calculating the equivalent heat transfer coefficient K of the heat pipe in the soil of Xinjiangeff(ii) a Wherein, KeffIs the equivalent heat transfer coefficient; mu is the heat transfer efficiency of the heating block for transferring heat to the plough breast, and the value is 75%; lambda is the efficiency of the inverter direct current resistance welding power supply for heating the heating block by electrifying, and the value of lambda is 70%; pinIs the optimum heat transfer power, P, of the heat pipein＝0.7PmaxWherein, 0.7 is the thermal efficiency of the heating block heated by the inverter direct current resistance welding power supply; l is the length of the heat pipe; t ishAnd TcHeating the heat pipe PinAfter power, the temperatures of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe are measured; and a is the cross-sectional area of the heat pipe.
Examples two, three, four:
a method for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a pendulum plow basically comprises the following steps of:
closely connecting the condensation section of the heat pipe with the cooling block for testing, wherein when the cooling block is tested, the temperature acquisition module is respectively connected with the evaporation section of the heat pipe and the cooling block arranged on the heat pipe through two K-type thermocouple temperature measurement wires, repeating the steps b to c in the step S2 and then going to the step S3 to measure the limit P of the heat pipemaxValue and T of the heat pipehAnd TcValue, then according to formula Keff＝μ·λ·Pin·L/[(Th-Tc)·A]Obtaining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient K of the heat pipe under the condition of the cooling blockeffThe value is obtained.
The cooling block can be an iron block which is tightly connected with the condensation section of the heat pipe. FIG. 3 illustrates heat pipe condensationTemperature T measured for a section in the case of a tightly connected iron blockhAnd TcAnd (5) a variation graph.
The cooling block can be an aluminum block which is tightly connected with the condensation section of the heat pipe. FIG. 4 shows the temperature T measured at the condenser end of the heat pipe in the case of a tightly bonded aluminum blockhAnd TcAnd (5) a variation graph.
The cooling block can be a copper block which is tightly connected with the condensation section of the heat pipe. FIG. 5 shows the temperature T measured at the condenser end of the heat pipe in the case of a tightly bonded copper blockhAnd TcAnd (5) a variation graph.
By integrating the first to fourth embodiments, the equivalent heat transfer coefficient K of the condensation section of the heat pipe under air cooling and iron, aluminum and copper blocks can be obtainedeffAs shown in FIG. 6, the condensing section of the heat pipe is cooled in air and the equivalent heat transfer coefficient K is obtained under the conditions of iron block, aluminum block and copper blockeffForm the graph shown in FIG. 7, due to the equal heat transfer coefficient KeffThe larger the size, the better the cooling effect of the cooling block, and thus the copper block is most suitable from the viewpoint of heat transfer performance; from the analysis of cost economy, the iron and aluminum blocks are more suitable; by combining the heat transfer performance and the economic cost analysis, the combined form of the aluminum block and the heat pipe can be considered to reduce the operating temperature of the plough breast.
The maximum application value of the invention is as follows: the heat pipe.
The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and to the arrangements of the components set forth in the following description, since such modifications are intended to be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (5)

1. A method for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a swing type plow is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, adjusting the soil moisture content: drying a proper amount of Jianghuai soil for a period of time, measuring the water content of the Jianghuai soil, and adjusting the water content of the Jianghuai soil in a continuous drying or water adding mode to enable the actual water content of the Jianghuai soil to be close to that of Xinjiang soil;
s2 testing limit thermal power P of heat pipemax: the method comprises the following steps:
a. firstly, respectively connecting an evaporation section and a condensation section of a heat pipe with a temperature acquisition module to acquire the temperature of the heat pipe; then, embedding the heat pipe into the plough breast, wherein the manufacturing material of the plough breast is alloy steel; the plough breast is tightly contacted with the heating block, and the heating block is made of red copper; then, an inverter direct current resistance welding power supply is switched on to heat the heating block, and the heating amount is controlled by a resistance adjusting method; finally, the whole device is placed in the soil of Xinjiang in step S1;
b. switching on an inverter direct current resistance welding power supply, heating the heating block, transferring heat to the plough breast, and further transferring the heat to an evaporation section of a heat pipe embedded in the plough breast; the initial heating power of the heating block is P0After heating for 800s, if the temperature of the evaporation section of the heat pipe tends to be constant, but the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe is not reachedmaxWhen the heat pipe is cooled to room temperature, the heating power P is started at the heating block0On the basis of the heat pipe, 5W is added each time, and then the test is carried out until the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe is reachedmax(ii) a If the temperature of the evaporation section of the heat pipe cannot tend to be constant, after the heat pipe is cooled to room temperature, the heating power P is started at the heating block0On the basis of the method, 5W is reduced every time, and then the test is carried out until the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe is obtainedmax；
c. Repeating the experimental steps a to b for three times, and taking the limit thermal power P of the heat pipe for three timesmaxAverage value;
s3, testing the temperature of the evaporation section and the condensation section under the optimal heat transfer power of the heat pipe: obtaining the limit thermal power P of the heat pipemaxAfter the value is reached, the heat pipe is heated to 0.7PmaxAnd recording the temperature T of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe at the momenthAnd Tc；0.7PmaxThe optimal heat transfer power of the heat pipe is 0.7, wherein the heat efficiency of the heating block heated by the inverter direct current resistance welding power supply is 0.7;
s4, measuring and calculating the cross-sectional area A of the heat pipe;
s5, according to formula Keff＝μ·λ·Pin·L/[(Th-Tc)·A]Calculating the equivalent heat transfer coefficient K of the heat pipe in the soil of Xinjiangeff(ii) a Wherein, KeffIs the equivalent heat transfer coefficient; mu is the heat transfer efficiency of the heating block for transferring heat to the plough breast, and the value is 75%; lambda is the thermal efficiency of the heating block heated by the inverter direct current resistance welding power supply, and the value of lambda is 70%; pinIs the optimum heat transfer power, P, of the heat pipein＝0.7Pmax(ii) a L is the length of the heat pipe; t ishAnd TcHeating the heat pipe PinAfter power, the temperatures of the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe are measured; and a is the cross-sectional area of the heat pipe.
2. The method of claim 1 for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a pendulum plow, wherein: the temperature acquisition module is connected with the evaporation section and the condensation section of the heat pipe through two K-type thermocouple temperature measurement wires.
3. The method of claim 2 for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a pendulum plow, wherein: the temperature acquisition module transmits the acquired temperature signal to the computer.
4. The method of claim 1 for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a pendulum plow, wherein: in step S3, the limit heating power PmaxMeasured with the condensing section of the heat pipe in an air-cooled condition.
5. The method of claim 1 for determining the equivalent heat transfer coefficient of a heat pipe embedded in a plow breast of a pendulum plow, wherein: in step S3, the limit heating power PmaxThe method is measured under the condition that a condensation section of the heat pipe is tightly connected with a cooling block, wherein the cooling block is an iron block, an aluminum block or a copper block.
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