CN112112691A - Asynchronous power generation system for cascade utilization of industrial steam of thermal power plant and adjusting method - Google Patents
Asynchronous power generation system for cascade utilization of industrial steam of thermal power plant and adjusting method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/105—Final actuators by passing part of the fluid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/10—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating characterised by the engine exhaust pressure
Abstract
The invention discloses an asynchronous power generation system and an adjusting method for cascade utilization of industrial steam of a thermal power plant, wherein the adjusting system comprises an industrial steam supply pipeline, and a temperature and pressure reducing device is arranged on the industrial steam supply pipeline; the temperature and pressure reducing device is connected with an adjusting valve in parallel, an industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve is arranged on an industrial steam supply pipeline positioned at the front end of the adjusting valve, and the front end of the industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve is connected with a generator set through a pipeline; the power generating set comprises an industrial steam turbine, the industrial steam turbine is connected with a power generator, and the output end of the power generator is connected to a 6kV station service power working section; and the steam inlet pipeline of the industrial steam turbine is provided with an industrial steam turbine steam inlet regulating valve, and the steam exhaust pipeline of the industrial steam turbine is provided with an industrial steam turbine steam exhaust pipeline valve. Under different electric load working conditions, the invention can ensure normal industrial steam supply, maximize the utilization of industrial steam energy and realize the cascade utilization of industrial steam energy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of thermal power generation, in particular to an asynchronous power generation system for gradient utilization of industrial steam of a thermal power plant and an adjusting method.
Background
With the diversified development of the electric power market in China, the thermal power plant also takes on the task of supplying steam to industrial thermal users besides generating and supplying heat, and even the construction of some large-scale petroleum and chemical industries needs small and medium-sized thermal power plants as supporting facilities.
Generally, a direct steam supply mode is adopted for supplying steam to industrial heat users by a thermal power plant, according to an industrial process flow, saturated steam is needed by most of heat users at the tail end of the industrial heat users, steam supplied by the thermal power plant is interstage steam extraction of a steam turbine, the steam pressure is very large and unadjustable, the steam pressure is very high compared with the requirement of the heat users, the quality needed by the industrial steam is difficult to be completely matched, for example, 1MPa industrial steam is taken as an example, if supercritical unit steam is used, the air source of the supercritical unit steam extraction can only be three-section steam extraction of the unit, the rated pressure of the three-section steam extraction of the supercritical unit is about 2.1MPa, and the pressure difference of about 1MPa is caused between the industrial steam supply and the requirement of the heat users. Meanwhile, the industrial steam supplied by the steam turbine set generally has a superheat degree of about 100 ℃, even higher, and belongs to high-grade energy, in order to meet the requirements of heat consumers, the superheat degree of the steam is usually reduced in a temperature and pressure reducing mode or the superheated steam is converted into saturated steam, and as a result, the heat of the high-grade superheat degree is depreciated into low-grade energy, especially, a part with working capacity in the high-grade steam is wasted, and most of the processes of using the industrial steam by the heat consumers are not recoverable or polluted, so that the working medium loss of the system is large, the corresponding chemical water supplement amount is also large, and the water treatment system and equipment are huge, so that the operation cost is increased.
Therefore, for an industrial steam supply system in which the quality of the parameters of industrial steam supplied from a steam turbine is far higher than the parameters of steam required by a heat consumer, a simple and reasonable system is needed to convert a part of industrial steam with working capacity into electric energy by means of power equipment, realize the cascade utilization of the energy of the industrial steam and improve the economy of a unit.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an asynchronous power generation system for gradient utilization of industrial steam of a thermal power plant, realize gradient utilization of industrial steam energy and improve the economy of a unit.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows.
An asynchronous power generation system for cascade utilization of industrial steam in a thermal power plant comprises an industrial steam supply pipeline for supplying steam to a thermal user, wherein a temperature and pressure reducing device is arranged on the industrial steam supply pipeline; the temperature and pressure reducing device is connected with an adjusting valve for controlling steam supply flow in parallel, an industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve is arranged on an industrial steam supply pipeline positioned at the front end of the adjusting valve, and the front end of the industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve is connected with a generator set for generating power through a pipeline; the power generating set comprises industrial turbines which are connected to the front side and the rear side of an industrial steam supply pipeline regulating valve through pipelines, the industrial turbines are connected with a power generator for generating power, and the output end of the power generator is connected to a 6kV station service power working section; the industrial steam turbine is connected and is provided with the industry steam turbine steam inlet governing valve on the admission pipeline of industry steam supply pipeline governing valve door front end, and the industry steam turbine is connected and is provided with the industry steam turbine exhaust pipeline valve on the exhaust pipeline of industry steam supply pipeline governing valve door rear end.
Above-mentioned asynchronous power generation system is utilized to thermal power plant's industrial steam cascade, the front end of 6kV house service power working section is provided with the circuit breaker that is used for cutting off the power supply.
The asynchronous power generation system for cascade utilization of industrial steam of the thermal power plant is characterized in that the industrial steam turbine is a back pressure steam turbine.
The asynchronous power generation system for cascade utilization of industrial steam of the thermal power plant is characterized in that the generator is an asynchronous generator.
According to the asynchronous power generation system for cascade utilization of industrial steam of the thermal power plant, the industrial steam turbine is coaxially connected with the power generator.
An asynchronous power generation system and an adjusting method for cascade utilization of industrial steam of a thermal power plant are realized based on the power generation system of any one of claims 1 to 5, and the adjusting method specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, setting steam inlet parameters and steam exhaust parameters of an industrial steam turbine;
s2, when the industrial steam supply parameter is larger than or equal to the steam inlet parameter set by the industrial steam turbine, closing the valve of the industrial steam supply pipeline and the temperature and pressure reducing device, and opening the steam inlet regulating valve of the industrial steam turbine, the valve of the steam exhaust pipeline of the industrial steam turbine and the regulating valve, so that the industrial steam turbine is put into use;
s3, when the industrial steam supply parameter is between the set steam inlet parameter of the industrial steam turbine and the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, the steam exhaust parameter of the industrial steam turbine still meets the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, and the industrial steam turbine operates in a mode of fully opening a throttle;
s4, when the industrial steam supply parameter is between the set steam inlet parameter of the industrial steam turbine and the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, the steam exhaust parameter of the industrial steam turbine cannot meet the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, a steam inlet regulating valve of the industrial steam turbine and a steam exhaust pipeline valve of the industrial steam turbine are closed, the industrial steam supply pipeline valve and a regulating valve are opened, the steam turbine is not put into use, and a temperature and pressure reducing device participates in regulating steam supply;
and S5, opening an industrial steam supply pipeline valve and a temperature and pressure reducing device when the industrial steam turbine is overhauled or is stopped due to faults.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the technical progress of the invention is as follows.
The industrial steam turbine is additionally arranged to drag the asynchronous generator to supply the industrial steam of the thermal power plant to a heat user after generating power, so that normal industrial steam supply can be ensured, the energy of the industrial steam is utilized to the maximum extent, and the gradient utilization of the energy of the industrial steam is realized under different electric load working conditions.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
wherein: 1. the system comprises an industrial steam supply pipeline, 2 industrial steam turbine steam inlet regulating valves, 3 industrial steam turbines, 4 power generators, 5 industrial steam turbine steam exhaust pipeline valves, 6 industrial steam supply pipeline regulating valves, 7 regulating valves, 8 temperature and pressure reducers, 9 circuit breakers and 10.6kV station service power working sections.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the figures and specific examples.
An asynchronous power generation system for cascade utilization of industrial steam in a thermal power plant is structurally shown in figure 1 and comprises an industrial steam supply pipeline 1, a temperature and pressure reducing device 8 and a generator set. Industry supplies vapour pipeline 1 to connect on thermal power plant's steam conduit for supply vapour to the heat consumer, and temperature and pressure reducer 8 sets up on industry supplies vapour pipeline, is used for reducing the temperature and the pressure of steam, and generating set connects in parallel and sets up on industry supplies vapour pipeline 1, is used for supplying power for 6kV station service electric working section 10.
The temperature and pressure reducing device 8 is provided with a regulating valve 7 in parallel, the regulating valve 7 is arranged on the industrial steam supply pipeline 1 and used for controlling the steam supply flow of the industrial steam supply pipeline, the industrial steam supply pipeline 1 at the front end of the regulating valve 7 is provided with an industrial steam supply pipeline regulating valve 6, and the generator set is arranged in parallel with the industrial steam supply pipeline regulating valve 6.
The power generating unit includes an industrial steam turbine 3 and a generator 4. The industrial steam wheel group 3 is connected at the both ends of industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve 6 through the pipeline, the admission pipeline of industrial steam turbine 3 is connected at the front end of industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve 6, be provided with industrial steam turbine admission adjusting valve 2 on the admission pipeline, an admission flow for adjusting industrial steam turbine 3, the exhaust steam pipeline of industrial steam turbine 3 is connected at the rear end of industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve 6, be provided with industrial steam turbine exhaust steam pipeline valve 5 on the exhaust steam pipeline, an outflow flow for adjusting industrial steam turbine 3. The industrial turbine is coaxially connected with the generator. The operation and the stop of the industrial turbine 3 are controlled by the industrial turbine steam inlet regulating valve 2 and the industrial turbine steam exhaust pipeline valve 5.
The industrial steam turbine 3 is a back pressure steam turbine, the generator 4 is an asynchronous generator, and compared with a synchronous generator, the system is small in occupied area and low in investment, and is easier to implement.
The output at industrial steam turbine 3 is connected to generator 4, and the output of generator 4 is connected on 6kV station service electric working section 10 for supply power for 6kV station service electric working section 10. The front end of the 6kV auxiliary power working section 10 is provided with a circuit breaker 9 for cutting off power supply, and the power supply can be cut off at any time.
An asynchronous power generation system and an adjusting method for cascade utilization of industrial steam of a thermal power plant specifically comprise the following steps:
s1, setting steam inlet parameters and steam exhaust parameters of the industrial steam turbine.
In order to match the industrial steam supply parameter with the steam inlet parameter of the industrial steam turbine 3 and achieve the purpose of gradient utilization of industrial steam energy, and simultaneously, the steam supply of hot users is not influenced, the steam inlet parameter design value of the industrial steam turbine 3 used in the invention is the mean value of the annual average steam supply parameter of the unit before temperature and pressure reduction, and the steam discharge parameter design value of the industrial steam turbine 3 is more than or equal to the steam parameter of the tail-end hot users.
S2, when the industrial steam supply parameter is larger than or equal to the steam inlet parameter set by the industrial steam turbine, the industrial steam turbine is put into use, the valve of the industrial steam supply pipeline and the temperature and pressure reducing device are closed, the steam inlet regulating valve of the industrial steam turbine, the valve of the steam exhaust pipeline of the industrial steam turbine and the regulating valve are opened, the industrial steam turbine operates at rated power without variable working condition regulation, and the generated energy of the generator is merged into a 6kV station power supply working section and is absorbed in the section.
S3, when the industrial steam supply parameter is between the set steam inlet parameter of the industrial steam turbine and the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, the steam exhaust parameter of the industrial steam turbine still meets the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, and the industrial steam turbine operates in a mode of fully opening a throttle;
s4, when the industrial steam supply parameter is between the set steam inlet parameter of the industrial steam turbine and the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, the steam exhaust parameter of the industrial steam turbine cannot meet the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, a steam inlet regulating valve of the industrial steam turbine and a steam exhaust pipeline valve of the industrial steam turbine are closed, the industrial steam supply pipeline valve and a regulating valve are opened, the steam turbine is not put into use, and a temperature and pressure reducing device participates in regulating steam supply;
and S5, opening an industrial steam supply pipeline valve and a temperature and pressure reducing device when the industrial steam turbine is overhauled or is stopped due to faults.
The operation and the cut-off of the industrial steam turbine are independently operated, the industrial steam supply system is not influenced, and the generated energy of the industrial steam turbine generator unit is consumed on site after being merged into the main machine station power supply working section, so that the main machine station power consumption is reduced, and the station power consumption rate is reduced.
The following description will explain the effects of the present invention by using specific examples.
A No. 1 unit of a certain power plant is a 350MW supercritical, steam extraction heat supply and wet condensing steam type steam turbine, wherein three-section steam extraction of the steam turbine is adopted as an industrial steam supply source, and the rated parameters of the three-section steam extraction are as follows: the pressure is 2.16MPa and the temperature is 453 ℃. The steam parameters for industrial heat load design are as follows: the pressure is 0.8-0.9 MPa, the temperature is 380-400 ℃, the rated industrial steam flow is 50t/h, the industrial steam supply is regulated through the temperature and pressure reducing device, so that the external steam supply is realized, the waste of high-grade steam is caused, and a back pressure turbine asynchronous power generation system is additionally arranged for realizing the gradient utilization of industrial steam energy. The three-stage steam extraction parameters of the unit under the working conditions of 100% THA, 75% THA and 50% THA are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 three-stage steam extraction parameters for different load sections
According to three-section steam extraction parameters of different load sections of the unit, when the load of the unit is above 175MW, the three-section steam extraction parameters are all higher than steam parameters for a terminal hot user, and the annual average value of the three-section steam extraction parameters of the unit is counted: the pressure is 1.8MPa, the temperature is 455 ℃ as the design value of the steam inlet parameter of the industrial steam turbine, and the main technical parameters of the added industrial steam turbine are determined to be as follows through checking calculation according to the steam parameter and the steam quantity required by a heat user: the steam admission pressure is 1.8MPa, the steam admission temperature is 455 ℃, and the steam admission amount is 50 t/h; the exhaust pressure is 0.9MPa, the exhaust temperature is 385 ℃, the internal efficiency of the steam turbine is 65 percent, the rated power of the asynchronous generator is 1800kW, the internal efficiency of the asynchronous generator is 95 percent, the mechanical efficiency is 99 percent, and the rotating speed is 3000 r/min. The generated energy of the asynchronous generator is merged into the 6kV working A section of the No. 1 unit to replace part of the auxiliary power of the host.
According to the comparison of three-section steam extraction parameters of different load sections with design parameters of the industrial steam turbine, when the unit operation load is 75% load or above, the unit operation load is put into the industrial steam turbine, and the rest load sections are not put into the industrial steam turbine.
Counting the running time proportion of each working condition of the unit in one year as 100% THA: 75% THA: the 50% THA is 3:5:2, calculated for 300 days of unit operation per year, and the power generation of the industrial turbine is shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 generated energy of industrial steam turbine
Benefit analysis
The industrial steam asynchronous power generation system ensures industrial steam, realizes the gradient utilization of industrial steam energy to the maximum extent, and reduces the plant power consumption rate and the power supply coal consumption of the unit at the same time by merging generated energy into a plant power system. The energy-saving benefit calculation takes the following parameters as the benchmark: the industrial steam turbine operates for 240 days all the year, the annual power generation of the unit No. 1 is 18 hundred million kWh, the annual power supply coal consumption of the unit No. 1 is 285g/kWh, the price of the on-grid power is 0.36 yuan/kWh, and the annual total power generation amount after the industrial steam turbine asynchronous power generation system is put into the industrial steam turbine asynchronous power generation system is 928.6 million kWh.
The power generation benefit is as follows: 928.6 ten thousand kWh × 0.36 ═ 334.30 ten thousand yuan.
Reducing the plant power rate: 928.6 ÷ (18 × 10000) × 100 ═ 0.52%.
The annual power supply coal consumption of the No. 1 unit is reduced: 285 × 0.52% ═ 1.48 g/kWh.
Claims (6)
1. An asynchronous power generation system for cascade utilization of industrial steam of a thermal power plant comprises an industrial steam supply pipeline (1) for supplying steam to a heat user, wherein a temperature and pressure reducing device (8) is arranged on the industrial steam supply pipeline (1); the method is characterized in that: an adjusting valve (7) for controlling steam supply flow is arranged on the temperature and pressure reducing device (8) in parallel, an industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve (6) is arranged on an industrial steam supply pipeline (1) positioned at the front end of the adjusting valve (7), and the front end of the industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve (6) is connected with a generator set for generating electricity through a pipeline; the power generating set comprises an industrial steam turbine (3) which is connected to the front side and the rear side of an industrial steam supply pipeline regulating valve (6) through pipelines, the industrial steam turbine (3) is connected with a power generator (4) used for generating power, and the output end of the power generator (4) is connected to a 6kV station power working section (10); the industrial steam turbine (3) is connected to the steam inlet pipeline at the front end of the industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve (6) and is provided with an industrial steam turbine steam inlet adjusting valve (2), and the industrial steam turbine (3) is connected to the steam exhaust pipeline at the rear end of the industrial steam supply pipeline adjusting valve (6) and is provided with an industrial steam turbine steam exhaust pipeline valve (5).
2. The asynchronous power generation system for thermal power plant industrial steam cascade utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end of the 6kV auxiliary power working section (10) is provided with a circuit breaker (9) for cutting off power supply.
3. The asynchronous power generation system for thermal power plant industrial steam cascade utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the industrial steam turbine (3) is a back pressure steam turbine.
4. The asynchronous power generation system for thermal power plant industrial steam cascade utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the generator (4) is an asynchronous generator.
5. The asynchronous power generation system for thermal power plant industrial steam cascade utilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: the industrial steam turbine (3) is coaxially connected with the generator (4).
6. An asynchronous power generation system and an adjusting method for cascade utilization of industrial steam of a thermal power plant are characterized in that: the regulation method is realized based on the power generation system of any one of claims 1 to 5, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, setting steam inlet parameters and steam exhaust parameters of an industrial steam turbine;
s2, when the industrial steam supply parameter is larger than or equal to the steam inlet parameter set by the industrial steam turbine, closing the valve of the industrial steam supply pipeline and the temperature and pressure reducing device, and opening the steam inlet regulating valve of the industrial steam turbine, the valve of the steam exhaust pipeline of the industrial steam turbine and the regulating valve, so that the industrial steam turbine is put into use;
s3, when the industrial steam supply parameter is between the set steam inlet parameter of the industrial steam turbine and the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, the steam exhaust parameter of the industrial steam turbine still meets the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, and the industrial steam turbine operates in a mode of fully opening a throttle;
s4, when the industrial steam supply parameter is between the set steam inlet parameter of the industrial steam turbine and the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, the steam exhaust parameter of the industrial steam turbine cannot meet the steam parameter of the tail end hot user, a steam inlet regulating valve of the industrial steam turbine and a steam exhaust pipeline valve of the industrial steam turbine are closed, the industrial steam supply pipeline valve and a regulating valve are opened, the steam turbine is not put into use, and a temperature and pressure reducing device participates in regulating steam supply;
and S5, opening an industrial steam supply pipeline valve and a temperature and pressure reducing device when the industrial steam turbine is overhauled or is stopped due to faults.
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| CN113137650A (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2021-07-20 | 浙江大学 | Steam heat network system combined with distributed power generation and regulation and control method |
| CN114000924A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2022-02-01 | 国能(福州)热电有限公司 | Cogeneration centralized steam supply system and control method thereof |
| CN114200973A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-18 | 国能(福州)热电有限公司 | Pressure adjusting system and pressure adjusting method for desuperheating water |
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| CN114200973A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-03-18 | 国能(福州)热电有限公司 | Pressure adjusting system and pressure adjusting method for desuperheating water |
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