CN112112655A - Shield diameter measuring device and excavation diameter determining method - Google Patents
Shield diameter measuring device and excavation diameter determining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112112655A CN112112655A CN202011147713.2A CN202011147713A CN112112655A CN 112112655 A CN112112655 A CN 112112655A CN 202011147713 A CN202011147713 A CN 202011147713A CN 112112655 A CN112112655 A CN 112112655A
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- shield body
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- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/003—Arrangement of measuring or indicating devices for use during driving of tunnels, e.g. for guiding machines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/06—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
- E21D9/08—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
- E21D9/0874—Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with rotary drilling heads having variable diameter
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring the diameter of a shield body and a method for determining the excavation diameter, and solves the problems that the excavation diameter is difficult to determine and the accuracy of measured data is low in the prior art. The measuring device of the diameter of the shield body comprises a fixed support matched with the cutter head, wherein a radial telescopic mechanism is arranged on the lower portion of the fixed support, an axial telescopic mechanism is connected onto the radial telescopic mechanism, a laser range finder is arranged on the axial telescopic mechanism, and the laser range finder is connected with a background controller. The invention adopts the measuring device with two adjustable directions to measure the actual diameter of the shield body, calculates the excavation diameter which the cutter head should have through the actual diameter, and repositions the outermost side track cutter of the cutter head according to the excavation diameter, thereby ensuring the clearance value between the excavation diameter and the outer diameter of the shield body, having high precision of measured data and simple calculation steps, providing a simple and effective method for determining the excavation diameter in tunnel construction, and having higher popularization value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield construction, in particular to a device for measuring the diameter of a shield body and a method for determining the excavation diameter.
Background
In the field of underground engineering, the application of shield construction is more and more extensive, and particularly in the construction of subway tunnels, the advantages of shield construction are particularly obvious. The cutter head and the shield body are key components on the shield machine, and the excavation diameter of the cutter head is an important parameter of the shield machine. According to different geological conditions, a 15 mm-25 mm gap is usually required to be reserved on one side between the excavation diameter and the shield outer diameter. Due to the fact that the diameter machining error of the shield body is large, the gap value between the excavation diameter and the diameter of the shield body cannot be accurately guaranteed. So that when the clearance is too small, the shield clamping phenomenon is easy to occur; when the clearance is large, a large amount of grouting is caused.
The problem that a gap value between an excavation diameter and a shield diameter cannot be guaranteed due to large shield diameter machining errors in the prior art is solved. However, in the measurement device of the prior art, such as the measurement device of the relative height difference between the shield body and the shield cutter head excavation diameter with the grant publication number CN207111091U, the height difference can only be measured from the radial direction, the operation is complicated, and the accuracy of the measurement data is not high, so it is necessary to design a method and a device for determining the excavation diameter by measuring the shield body diameter.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the background technology, the invention provides a device for measuring the diameter of a shield body and a method for determining the excavation diameter, and solves the problems that the excavation diameter is difficult to determine and the accuracy of measured data is low in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a measuring device of shield body diameter, includes the fixed bolster with blade disc matched with, the lower part of fixed bolster is equipped with radial telescopic machanism, is connected with axial telescopic machanism on the radial telescopic machanism, is equipped with laser range finder on the axial telescopic machanism, and laser range finder is connected with the backstage controller.
The telescopic direction of the radial telescopic mechanism is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the axial telescopic mechanism.
The fixed support comprises an arc-shaped plate, clamping plates are symmetrically arranged on the arc-shaped plate, first jacking bolts are arranged on the clamping plates, and the radial telescopic mechanisms are arranged on the lower portion of the arc-shaped plate.
The radial telescopic mechanism comprises a scale column fixed on the lower part of the arc-shaped plate, a sliding block is arranged on the scale column in a sliding manner, and a set screw matched with the scale column is arranged on the sliding block.
The axial telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic rod, one end of the telescopic rod is slidably arranged in the sliding block and fastened through a second jacking bolt, and the laser range finder is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod.
The method for determining the excavation diameter comprises the steps of measuring the diameter of a shield by using the device for measuring the diameter of the shield, determining the excavation diameter according to the diameter of the shield, and finally adjusting the position of a track cutter on the outermost side of a cutter head according to the excavation diameter.
The method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: moving the outermost side track cutter on the cutter head to a proper position of the cutter head to avoid interference with a measuring device of the diameter of the shield body;
step two: the measuring device for the diameter of the shield body is arranged on a large circular ring of a cutter head, then a sliding block of a radial telescopic mechanism is adjusted to a proper position relative to a fixed support, the radial distance L of the sliding block is recorded according to a scale column, and then a telescopic rod of an axial telescopic mechanism is adjusted to enable a laser range finder to be in a proper position relative to the sliding block;
step three: rotating the cutter head for a circle, simultaneously acquiring data m times by the laser range finder, wherein m is an integer larger than 36, measuring data S once by the laser range finder every time the cutter head rotates for 360/m degrees, wherein S is the measuring distance from the laser range finder to the outer circumferential surface of the shield body, transmitting the measuring data to the background controller by the laser range finder, and processing the measuring data by the background controller to obtain the maximum value Smax of the laser range finder to the outer circumferential surface of the shield body;
step four: the background controller is arranged according to the maximum value S of the distance between the laser range finder and the outer circumferential surface of the shield bodymaxCalculating the actual diameter D of the shield bodyShield body=D1+L-2SmaxWherein D is1The cutter head is large in outer diameter of a circular ring;
step five: according to the actual diameter D of the shield bodyShield bodyCalculating to obtain the excavation diameter D of the cutter headDiameter of excavation=DShield body+2h, wherein h is a unilateral gap between the outer diameter of the shield body and the excavation diameter, and depends on specific geological conditions;
step six: according to the excavation diameter DDiameter of excavationAnd repositioning and adjusting the outermost side track cutter of the cutter head.
The invention adopts the measuring device with two adjustable directions to measure the actual diameter of the shield body, calculates the excavation diameter which the cutter head should have through the actual diameter, and repositions the outermost side track cutter of the cutter head according to the excavation diameter, thereby ensuring the clearance value between the excavation diameter and the outer diameter of the shield body, having high precision of measured data and simple calculation steps, providing a simple and effective method for determining the excavation diameter in tunnel construction, and having higher popularization value. The measuring device with the adjustable two directions adjusts the position of the laser range finder from the two directions, so that the laser range finder is in a proper position and at a proper angle, the precision of data acquisition is improved, in addition, the quick connection with a cutter head is realized, the stability of the measuring device is improved, and the fusion performance with the existing shield cutter head is excellent.
Drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the invention more clearly, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is an overall sectional view of a measuring device and a cutter head connecting pile body.
Fig. 2 is an overall front view of the measuring device and the cutter head connecting pile body.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a left side view of the measuring device of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective exploded view of the measuring device of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, embodiment 1, a device for measuring the diameter of a shield comprises a fixing bracket matched with a cutter head, and is used for connecting the cutter head and fixing the measuring device. The lower part of the fixed support is provided with a radial telescopic mechanism which can move up and down relative to the fixed support, so that the radial distance of the measuring device can be adjusted. The radial telescopic mechanism is connected with an axial telescopic mechanism, and the axial telescopic mechanism can move relative to the radial telescopic mechanism to realize the adjustment of the axial distance of the measuring device. The axial telescopic mechanism is provided with a laser range finder 3-3, the laser range finder 3-3 is connected with the background controller through a data line 3-6, and the laser range finder corresponds to the shield body 2 and is used for collecting data on the periphery of the shield body. The flexible direction of radial telescopic machanism is perpendicular with axial telescopic machanism's flexible direction, adjusts laser range finder position on two directions, makes laser range finder be in suitable position and angle, improves data acquisition's precision, realizes the high-speed joint with the blade disc in addition, improves measuring device's stability, and is splendid with current shield structure blade disc integration nature.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the fixing support comprises an arc plate 3-1, and the radian of the arc plate 3-1 is consistent with the radian of the large circular ring of the cutter head, so that the fixing support is stably connected with the large circular ring of the cutter head. The arc plate 3-1 is symmetrically provided with clamping plates 3-9 which are fixed on the arc plate or integrally formed with the arc plate and used for rapidly clamping and fixing with the large circular ring of the cutter head. The clamping plate 3-9 is provided with a first puller bolt 3-4, and when the cutter head clamping device is used, the cutter head large circular ring is positioned between the clamping plate and the arc-shaped plate and is tightly fixed through the first puller bolt. The radial telescopic mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the arc-shaped plate 3-1 to realize the telescopic action relative to the arc-shaped plate.
Preferably, the radial telescopic mechanism comprises a scale column 3-10 fixed on the lower part of the arc-shaped plate 3-1, scales are arranged on the scale column, and the scale column is fixedly connected with the arc-shaped plate or integrally formed with the arc-shaped plate. The scale column 3-10 is provided with a sliding block 3-8 in a sliding mode, the sliding block 3-8 is provided with a set screw 3-7 matched with the scale column 3-10, and when the sliding block moves to a proper position, the sliding block is fixed on the scale column through the set screw and is used for fixing the sliding block and stabilizing the laser range finder.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the axial telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic rod 3-2, the telescopic rod is perpendicular to the scale column, one end of the telescopic rod 3-2 is slidably arranged in a sliding block 3-8 and is fastened through a second tightening bolt 3-5, and the laser range finder 3-3 is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod 3-2. The position of the telescopic rod in the sliding block is adjusted, so that the position of the optical distance measuring instrument 3-3 in the axial direction is adjusted, and when the telescopic rod is adjusted to a proper position, the telescopic rod is fixedly jacked through the second jacking bolt, so that the effect of stabilizing the laser distance measuring instrument is achieved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in example 2, a method for determining an excavation diameter includes measuring a diameter of a shield by using the device for measuring a diameter of a shield according to example 1, determining an excavation diameter by using the diameter of the shield, and adjusting a position of a cutter on an outermost side track of a cutter head according to the excavation diameter. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: moving the outermost side track cutter 1-1 on the cutter to a proper position of the cutter 1 to avoid interference with a measuring device of the diameter of the shield body;
step two: the method comprises the following steps of installing a measuring device 3 of the diameter of the shield body in the embodiment 1 on a large circular ring 1-2 of a cutter head, adjusting a sliding block 3-8 of a radial telescopic mechanism to a proper position relative to a fixed support, recording the radial distance L of the sliding block 3-8 according to a scale column 3-10, and adjusting a telescopic rod 3-2 of an axial telescopic mechanism to enable a laser range finder 3-3 to be in a proper position relative to the sliding block 3-8, so that the laser range finder is enabled to collect data on the outer circumference of the shield body;
step three: rotating the cutter head for a circle, simultaneously acquiring data m times by the laser range finder, wherein m is an integer larger than 36, measuring data S once by the laser range finder every time the cutter head rotates for 360/m degrees, wherein S is the measuring distance from the laser range finder to the outer circumferential surface of the shield body, transmitting the measuring data to the background controller by the laser range finder, and processing the measuring data by the background controller to obtain the maximum value Smax of the laser range finder to the outer circumferential surface of the shield body;
step four: the background controller is arranged according to the maximum value S of the distance between the laser range finder and the outer circumferential surface of the shield bodymaxCalculating the actual diameter D of the shield bodyShield body=D1+L-2SmaxWherein D is1The outer diameter of the large circular ring of the cutter head can be directly obtained according to the design of the cutter head;
step five: according to the actual diameter D of the shield bodyShield bodyCalculating to obtain the excavation diameter D of the cutter headDiameter of excavation=DShield body+2h, wherein h is a unilateral gap between the outer diameter of the shield body and the excavation diameter, and depends on specific geological conditions;
step six: according to the excavation diameter DDiameter of excavationRepositioning and adjusting the outermost side track cutter of the cutter head to ensure that the diameter of the excavation profile meets the excavation diameter DDiameter of excavation。
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a measuring device of shield diameter which characterized in that: the device comprises a fixed support matched with a cutter head, wherein a radial telescopic mechanism is arranged at the lower part of the fixed support, an axial telescopic mechanism is connected onto the radial telescopic mechanism, a laser range finder (3-3) is arranged on the axial telescopic mechanism, and the laser range finder (3-3) is connected with a background controller.
2. The shield diameter measuring device according to claim 1, wherein: the telescopic direction of the radial telescopic mechanism is perpendicular to the telescopic direction of the axial telescopic mechanism.
3. The shield diameter measuring device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the fixing support comprises an arc-shaped plate (3-1), clamping plates (3-9) are symmetrically arranged on the arc-shaped plate (3-1), first tightening bolts (3-4) are arranged on the clamping plates (3-9), and the radial telescopic mechanism is arranged on the lower portion of the arc-shaped plate (3-1).
4. The shield diameter measuring device according to claim 3, wherein: the radial telescopic mechanism comprises scale columns (3-10) fixed on the lower portion of the arc-shaped plate (3-1), sliding blocks (3-8) are arranged on the scale columns (3-10) in a sliding mode, and set screws (3-7) matched with the scale columns (3-10) are arranged on the sliding blocks (3-8).
5. The shield diameter measuring device of claim 4, wherein: the axial telescopic mechanism comprises a telescopic rod (3-2), one end of the telescopic rod (3-2) is slidably arranged in the sliding block (3-8) and is fastened through a second tightening bolt (3-5), and the laser range finder (3-3) is arranged at the other end of the telescopic rod (3-2).
6. A method for determining excavation diameter is characterized in that: the shield diameter measuring device of any one of claims 1 to 5 is used for measuring the shield diameter, then the excavation diameter is determined through the shield diameter, and finally the position of the cutter on the outermost side track of the cutter head is adjusted according to the excavation diameter.
7. The excavation diameter determination method of claim 6, wherein: the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: moving the outermost side track cutter (1-1) on the cutter to a proper position of the cutter to avoid interference with a measuring device of the diameter of the shield body;
step two: mounting the shield diameter measuring device of any one of claims 1 to 5 on a large circular ring (1-2) of a cutter head, then adjusting a sliding block (3-8) of a radial telescopic mechanism to a proper position relative to a fixed support, recording the distance L of the sliding block (3-8) in the radial direction according to a scale column (3-10), and then adjusting a telescopic rod (3-2) of an axial telescopic mechanism to enable a laser range finder (3-3) to be in a proper position relative to the sliding block (3-8);
step three: rotating the cutter head for a circle, simultaneously acquiring data m times by the laser range finder, wherein m is an integer larger than 36, measuring data S once by the laser range finder every time the cutter head rotates for 360/m degrees, wherein S is the measuring distance between the laser range finder and the outer circumferential surface of the shield body, transmitting the measuring data to the background controller by the laser range finder, and processing the measuring data by the background controller to obtain the maximum value S between the laser range finder and the outer circumferential surface of the shield bodymax；
Step four: the background controller is arranged according to the maximum value S of the distance between the laser range finder and the outer circumferential surface of the shield bodymaxCalculating the actual diameter D of the shield bodyShield body=D1+L-2SmaxWherein D is1The cutter head is large in outer diameter of a circular ring;
step five: according to the actual diameter D of the shield bodyShield bodyCalculating to obtain the excavation diameter D of the cutter headDiameter of excavation=DShield body+2h, wherein h is a unilateral gap between the outer diameter of the shield body and the excavation diameter, and depends on specific geological conditions;
step six: according to the excavation diameter DDiameter of excavationAnd repositioning and adjusting the outermost side track cutter of the cutter head.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011147713.2A CN112112655A (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Shield diameter measuring device and excavation diameter determining method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011147713.2A CN112112655A (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Shield diameter measuring device and excavation diameter determining method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112112655A true CN112112655A (en) | 2020-12-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011147713.2A Pending CN112112655A (en) | 2020-10-23 | 2020-10-23 | Shield diameter measuring device and excavation diameter determining method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN112112655A (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN207111091U (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-03-16 | 中铁工程装备集团盾构制造有限公司 | A kind of measurement apparatus of cutter head of shield machine digging diameter and shield body relative relief |
| CN207991458U (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-19 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Full-automatic rock tunnel(ling) machine shield body roundness measuring device |
| CN208206087U (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-07 | 中铁工程装备集团盾构制造有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic shield body circularity detection device of shield machine |
| CN208205995U (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-07 | 中铁工程装备集团盾构制造有限公司 | Shield machine shield body roundness measuring device |
| CN209326530U (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-08-30 | 中船重型装备有限公司 | A kind of cutter head of shield machine and shield body size measurement tool |
| CN110469339A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-19 | 济南重工股份有限公司 | A method of prevent shield machine shield body to get stuck |
-
2020
- 2020-10-23 CN CN202011147713.2A patent/CN112112655A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN207111091U (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-03-16 | 中铁工程装备集团盾构制造有限公司 | A kind of measurement apparatus of cutter head of shield machine digging diameter and shield body relative relief |
| CN207991458U (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-10-19 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Full-automatic rock tunnel(ling) machine shield body roundness measuring device |
| CN208205995U (en) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-12-07 | 中铁工程装备集团盾构制造有限公司 | Shield machine shield body roundness measuring device |
| CN208206087U (en) * | 2018-05-28 | 2018-12-07 | 中铁工程装备集团盾构制造有限公司 | A kind of full-automatic shield body circularity detection device of shield machine |
| CN209326530U (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-08-30 | 中船重型装备有限公司 | A kind of cutter head of shield machine and shield body size measurement tool |
| CN110469339A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-19 | 济南重工股份有限公司 | A method of prevent shield machine shield body to get stuck |
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Application publication date: 20201222 |
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