CN112112056A - Assembled steel-concrete combined bridge pier and capping beam connecting system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Assembled steel-concrete combined bridge pier and capping beam connecting system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112112056A CN112112056A CN202010867059.6A CN202010867059A CN112112056A CN 112112056 A CN112112056 A CN 112112056A CN 202010867059 A CN202010867059 A CN 202010867059A CN 112112056 A CN112112056 A CN 112112056A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/02—Piers; Abutments ; Protecting same against drifting ice
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D21/00—Methods or apparatus specially adapted for erecting or assembling bridges
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Abstract
The application provides a connection system of an assembly type steel-concrete combined pier and a capping beam and a construction method of the connection system, and belongs to the technical field of building parts of roads, railways or bridges. Including reinforced concrete combination pier, bent cap, steel member, fastener, reinforced concrete combination pier, steel member, bent cap are installed in order, reinforced concrete combination pier includes steel casing, stiffening rib, shear force key and constitutes, and the steel casing is the mandrel, packs reinforced concrete in the space that the steel casing founded, and the periphery of steel casing is provided with the stiffening rib, and the steel casing sets up the shear force key with reinforced concrete's juncture, and the steel member is fixed with the steel casing, the fastener runs through the steel member, realizes being connected of bent cap and reinforced concrete combination pier. This application simple structure, intensity are big, the dead weight is light, and bearing capacity is high, firm in connection, construction speed is fast and convenient to can adopt the assembled construction, can overcome and adopt telescopic connection to exist thick liquids quality and be difficult to control the closely knit degree of grout and be difficult to detect and prefabricated component from defects such as great.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to an assembly type steel-concrete combined bridge pier and capping beam connecting system and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building parts of roads, railways or bridges.
Background
With the further advance of bridge industrialization, the traditional construction mode of pouring all on site is gradually changed into a construction mode of prefabricating a part or most of components in factories and then transporting the prefabricated components to the site for installation. In the process of bridge industrialization, an upper structure is earlier than a lower structure, the bridge industrialization mainly refers to the industrialization of the lower structure at present, namely a capping beam, a pier and a capping beam, and generally, the prefabricated capping beam is connected with the pier mainly in an assembling mode.
At present, the connection form between the bent cap and the reinforced concrete combined pier mainly adopts sleeve connection, and the splicing connection method has the following defects:
first, need pre-buried steel bar connection sleeve in bent cap or the prefabricated section of pier, in order to ensure that connection performance is reliable between bent cap and the prefabrication of pier, need pre-buried a large amount of steel bar connection sleeve in bent cap or the prefabrication of pier, improved the cost of making pier and bent cap like this greatly, prefabricated component is from great simultaneously, hoist and mount and cost of transportation increase.
Secondly, the prefabricated assembly mode of the embedded steel bar connecting sleeve has higher requirements on construction precision and grouting quality, accurate positioning and grouting requirements among all parts are met in the assembly construction process, and meanwhile, the grouting compactness in the sleeve is difficult to detect, so that the sleeve connecting method is limited in practical engineering application.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides a fabricated steel-concrete composite pier and capping beam connection system, which may use bolts and built-in steel shells, and has the advantages of simple structure, high stress, light dead weight, firm connection, fast and convenient construction, and can use fabricated construction, and overcome the disadvantages of difficult control of grouting compactness and detection of slurry quality, and large self weight of prefabricated components, etc. existing in the prior art of sleeve connection.
Specifically, the method is realized through the following scheme:
the utility model provides an assembled steel and concrete combination pier and bent cap connected system, includes steel and concrete combination pier, bent cap, steel member, locating plate, fastener, epoxy layer and bolt box. The reinforced concrete combined bridge pier consists of reinforced concrete, a steel shell, stiffening ribs and shear keys, wherein the steel shell is used as a core mold of the reinforced concrete combined bridge pier, belongs to a part of a permanent structure, participates in common stress, in order to prevent the steel shell from generating local yield when the reinforced concrete is poured, the stiffening ribs are arranged around the steel shell, and simultaneously, in order to improve the reliable connection between the steel shell and the reinforced concrete, the shear keys are arranged at the interface of the steel shell and the reinforced concrete; installing a steel member at the connecting end of the steel-concrete combined pier when the steel-concrete combined pier is processed; when the bent cap is poured, the screw rod of the fastener is pre-embedded in the bent cap, in order to ensure the accurate position, the pre-embedded screw rod is fixed by a positioning plate, and the threaded connecting end of the pre-embedded screw rod is protected, so that the nut is convenient to install; the steel member consists of a bolt box, an end plate and a connecting plate, when the pier is manufactured, reinforcing steel bars are inserted into holes of the connecting plate so as to improve the connecting strength of the steel member and the reinforced concrete combined pier, and the bolt box needs to be sealed and cannot be filled with concrete, so that the fastener is convenient to install; before the steel-concrete combined pier is installed, an epoxy resin layer is laid on the positioning plate of the capping beam, and then the periphery of the capping beam is connected with the periphery of the fastener, so that the capping beam and the steel-concrete combined pier are integrated.
The invention has simple structure, high strength, light dead weight, high bearing capacity, firm connection, high construction speed and convenience, can adopt assembly construction, and can overcome the defects of difficult control of slurry quality, difficult detection, great self weight of prefabricated components and the like existing in the prior art of adopting sleeve connection.
Further, as preferable:
the size and the structure of steel-concrete combined bridge pier, capping beam, steel member, locating plate, fastener, epoxy layer and bolt box are arranged, and according to the structural style, the steel-concrete combined bridge pier is determined by calculation of the existing standard.
The steel member is installed at the connecting end of the reinforced concrete combined pier, and the exposed part of the steel member is subjected to anti-corrosion treatment.
When the bent cap is poured, the screw rods of the fasteners are pre-embedded in the bent cap, the pre-embedded screw rods are fixed by the positioning plates, and the pre-embedded depth of the screw rods and the number of the screw rods are determined by the existing standard calculation method.
The steel member comprises bolt box, end plate and connecting plate, reserves bolt hole all around the end plate, and the hole is a plurality of, specifically according to the bearing capacity that the bridge pier designed, confirms through current standard calculation method.
And steel bars are inserted into the holes of the connecting plate, and the holes and the steel bars are multiple and are determined by the conventional standard calculation method according to the designed bearing capacity of the bridge pier.
Before the reinforced concrete combined pier is installed, an epoxy resin layer is laid on a positioning plate of a bent cap, then the periphery of a fastener is connected, and the pretightening force of the fastener is determined according to the existing standard
The invention also provides a construction method of the assembly type bridge steel-concrete combined bridge pier and capping beam connecting system, which comprises the following process steps:
1) binding a cover beam steel bar on a construction site, installing a positioning plate, embedding a fastener, pouring cover beam concrete, and maintaining to the designed strength;
2) processing according to a design drawing, manufacturing a steel shell in a steel bar workshop, welding stiffening ribs inside the steel shell, welding shear keys outside the steel shell, installing a bolt box and an end plate on the steel shell on the butt joint side of the reinforced concrete combined pier, and performing anti-corrosion treatment on a steel structure;
3) the method comprises the following steps of blanking a steel reinforcement framework according to a design drawing, erecting a processed steel structure, binding an inner layer steel reinforcement framework, inserting steel bars into holes of a connecting plate, binding an outer layer steel reinforcement framework, connecting the inner layer steel reinforcement framework and the outer layer steel reinforcement framework into a whole by using tie bars, installing a steel-concrete combined pier template after the steel reinforcement of the steel-concrete combined pier is bound, pouring steel-concrete combined pier concrete, maintaining the steel-concrete combined pier, and removing the steel-concrete combined pier template system after the concrete strength is achieved;
4) transporting the steel-concrete combined bridge pier and the bent cap to a construction site, and laying an epoxy resin layer on a positioning plate of the bent cap;
5) hoisting the steel-concrete combined pier, hoisting the bent cap after the steel-concrete combined pier is installed in place, inserting the bent cap into the reserved hole through the embedded fastener, penetrating the end plate, and connecting the steel-concrete combined pier and the bent cap by using the embedded fastener;
6) and after the fasteners are firmly connected, coating butter on the exposed fasteners, and sealing the bolt box.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. construction is convenient, and the installation is simple. By adopting the construction method, compared with the traditional grouting sleeve connection, the steel member can be butted with the steel reinforcement framework of the reinforced concrete combined pier at one time, positioning is not needed, and the speed is high; the steel-concrete combined pier is transported to a construction site, the epoxy resin layer is laid on the end plate, after the steel-concrete combined pier is hoisted in place, the two steel-concrete combined piers are connected through the fasteners, the operation is simple, rapid assembly construction is adopted, the cost is saved, the site grouting wet operation work is reduced, and the pollution to the surrounding environment is small.
2. The detection means is simple, and the quality is convenient to control. Compared with the traditional grouting sleeve connection, the construction method reduces the hidden operation link of grouting, does not need to detect the quality of grouting material and the grouting compactness, and can control the quality of a connection node.
3. The construction speed is improved, and the construction cost is saved. Compared with the traditional grouting sleeve connection, the construction method greatly reduces the use of engineering materials and construction operation links, simplifies construction operation procedures, and improves the component transportation and manufacturing efficiency, accelerates the construction speed and saves the construction cost due to light self weight of the precast concrete pier compared with the precast concrete pier.
4. The dead weight is reduced, and the construction efficiency is increased. Compared with the conventional precast concrete bridge pier, the steel-concrete combined bridge pier provided by the invention adopts the steel shell as the core mould, so that the dead weight of the member is greatly reduced, the transportation and manufacturing efficiency of the member is improved, the construction speed is accelerated, and the requirements on a lifting appliance and an installation site are greatly reduced when the steel-concrete combined bridge pier is lifted, so that the steel-concrete combined bridge pier is simpler to install and more convenient to construct.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side view of the connection system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the steel-concrete composite pier of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a plan view of the steel-concrete composite pier according to the present invention.
Figure 4 is a top view of a steel member according to the invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a steel member of the present invention
Fig. 6 is a top view of the alignment plate of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. a steel-concrete combined pier; 11. a stiffening rib; 12. a shear key; 13. reinforced concrete; 14. a steel shell; 2. a capping beam; 3. a steel member; 4. a fastener; 41. a screw section; 42. a connecting portion; 5. an epoxy resin layer; 6. a bolt box; 7. positioning a plate; 8. an end plate; 9. a connecting plate.
Detailed Description
The embodiment firstly introduces an assembly type beam bridge prefabricated pier, which is composed of a steel-concrete combined pier 1, a cover beam 2, a steel member 3, a fastener 4, an epoxy resin layer 5, a bolt box 6 and a positioning plate 7 by combining with figures 1, 2 and 3. The reinforced concrete combined bridge pier 1 consists of a steel shell 14, stiffening ribs 11, shear keys 12 and reinforced concrete 13, wherein the steel shell 14 is used as a core mold of the reinforced concrete combined bridge pier 1, belongs to a part of a permanent structure, participates in common stress, in order to prevent the steel shell 14 from locally yielding when the reinforced concrete 13 is poured, the stiffening ribs 11 are arranged around the steel shell 14, and in order to improve the reliable connection between the steel shell 14 and the reinforced concrete 13, the shear keys 12 are arranged at the interface of the steel shell 14 and the reinforced concrete 13; when the steel-concrete combined pier is processed, the steel member 3 is arranged at the connecting end of the steel-concrete combined pier 1; when the bent cap 2 is poured, the screw of the fastener 4 is pre-embedded in the bent cap 2, and in order to ensure the accurate position, the positioning plate 7 is combined with the graph 6 to fix the pre-embedded screw and protect the threaded connecting end of the pre-embedded screw, so that the nut is convenient to install; with reference to fig. 4 and 5, the steel member 3 is composed of a bolt box 6, an end plate 8 and a connecting plate 9, and bolt holes are reserved around the end plate 8; when the pier is manufactured, the steel bars are inserted into the holes of the connecting plates 9 so as to improve the connecting strength of the steel member 3 and the reinforced concrete combined pier 1, and the bolt boxes 6 are sealed and cannot be filled with concrete, so that the fasteners 4 are convenient to install; before the steel-concrete combined pier 1 is installed, an epoxy resin layer 5 is laid on a positioning plate 7, and then the periphery of the positioning plate is connected by adopting a fastener 4, so that the steel-concrete combined pier 1 and the capping beam 2 are integrated.
The steel-concrete combined bridge pier is composed of a steel-concrete combined bridge pier 1, a cover beam 2, a steel member 3, a fastener 4, an epoxy resin layer 5, a bolt box 6 and a positioning plate 7, wherein the size and the structure of the steel-concrete combined bridge pier 1, the cover beam 2, the steel member 3, the fastener 4, the epoxy resin layer 5, the bolt box 6 and the positioning plate 7 are arranged, and the steel-concrete combined bridge pier is determined by calculation of the existing specifications according to the structural form.
The steel-concrete combined pier 1 consists of a steel shell 14, a stiffening rib 11, a shear key 12 and reinforced concrete 13, and the exposed part of steel needs to be subjected to anticorrosion treatment.
The shear keys 12 are arranged at the interface of the steel shell 14 and the reinforced concrete 13, and the number of the shear keys 12 is determined by the calculation method of the existing specification.
The steel member 3 is installed at the connecting end of the steel-concrete combined pier 1, and the exposed part of the steel member is subjected to anti-corrosion treatment.
When the bent cap 2 is poured, the screw rods of the fasteners 4 are pre-embedded in the bent cap 2, the pre-embedded screw rods are fixed by the positioning plates 7, and the pre-embedded depth and the number of the screw rods are determined by the existing standard calculation method.
The steel member 3 comprises bolt box 6, end plate 8 and connecting plate 9, and the bolt hole is reserved around the end plate 8, and the hole is a plurality of, specifically according to the bearing capacity that the bridge pier designed, confirms through current standard calculation method.
The steel bars are inserted into the open holes of the connecting plates 9, and the number of the open holes and the number of the steel bars are multiple, and the open holes and the steel bars are determined by the existing standard calculation method according to the designed bearing capacity of the bridge pier.
Before the steel-concrete combined pier 1 is installed, an epoxy resin layer 5 is laid on a positioning plate 7 of a bent cap 2, then the periphery of a fastener 4 is connected, and the pretightening force of the fastener is determined according to the existing standard.
The embodiment further illustrates a construction method of a connection system of an assembly type steel-concrete combined pier and a capping beam, and the construction method comprises the following specific steps:
1) and binding 2 reinforcing steel bars of the bent cap on the construction site, installing the positioning plate 6, embedding the fastener 4, pouring 2 concrete of the bent cap, and maintaining to the design strength.
2) Processing according to a design drawing, manufacturing a steel shell 14 in a steel bar workshop, welding stiffening ribs 11 in the steel shell 14, welding shear keys 12 outside the steel shell 14, installing the bolt box 5 and the end plate 6 on the steel shell 14 on the butt joint side of the steel-concrete combined pier 1, and performing anti-corrosion treatment on the steel structure;
3) blanking a steel reinforcement framework according to a design drawing, erecting a processed steel structure, binding an inner layer steel reinforcement framework, inserting steel bars into holes of a connecting plate 7, binding an outer layer steel reinforcement framework, connecting the inner layer steel reinforcement framework and the outer layer steel reinforcement framework into a whole by using tie bars, installing a steel-concrete combined pier 1 template after the steel bars of the steel-concrete combined pier 1 are bound, pouring steel-concrete combined pier 1 concrete, maintaining the steel-concrete combined pier 1, and removing the steel-concrete combined pier 1 template system after the strength of the concrete is reached;
4) the steel-concrete combined bridge pier and the bent cap are transported to a construction site, and an epoxy resin layer 5 is laid on a positioning plate 6 of the bent cap 2;
5) hoisting the steel-concrete combined pier 1, hoisting the bent cap 2 after the steel-concrete combined pier 1 is installed in place, inserting the bent cap into the reserved hole through the embedded fastener 4, penetrating the end plate 8, and connecting the steel-concrete combined pier 1 and the bent cap 2 by using the embedded fastener 4;
6) and after the fastening pieces 4 are firmly connected, coating grease on the exposed fastening pieces 4 and closing the bolt box 6.
The strength grade, size and position of the connecting bolt and the shear key are determined by the existing specifications. The arrangement quantity of the bolts is determined by calculation according to the existing specification. The arrangement number of the shear keys is determined by calculation according to the existing specification. The thickness and the type of the steel plate are determined according to design requirements. The number of the openings of the connecting plate is determined according to design requirements.
The arrangement form of the steel-concrete composite pier 1, the capping beam 2, the steel member 3, the fastener 4, the epoxy resin layer 5, the bolt box 6, the positioning plate 7, the end plate 8, the connecting plate 9, the steel shell 14, the stiffening rib 11, the shear key 12 and the reinforced concrete 13 of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1 to 6. Reinforced concrete combination pier 1 is the cuboid, the cross section is the rectangle, peripheral size is 2 mx 3 mx 5m, the 14 sizes of box hat is 1 mx 2 mx 5m, bent cap 2 is the cuboid, the cross section is the rectangle, the size is 3 mx 2m, epoxy layer 5 thickness is 2mm, stiffening rib 5's thickness is 20mm, 8 thicknesses of box hat are 25mm, the thickness of connecting plate 9 is 20mm, locating plate 7 and end plate 8 thickness are 25mm, the hole is evenly reserved all around to the steel sheet, fastener 4 adopts high strength bolt.
The arrangement of the steel-concrete composite pier and the capping beam of the embodiment is shown in fig. 1. The specific coordinate position of the reserved hole of the end plate 8 is as follows: around end plate 8, the size is the round hole that 2mm is greater than fastener 4's screw rod diameter, and the clear distance in hole is 20mm to evenly arrange around the steel sheet along, the hole number is calculated according to actual pier atress condition, through the design and is reachd.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an assembled steel reinforced concrete combination pier and bent cap connected system which characterized in that: including reinforced concrete combination pier, bent cap, steel member, fastener, reinforced concrete combination pier, steel member, bent cap are installed in order, reinforced concrete combination pier includes steel casing, stiffening rib, shear force key and constitutes, and the steel casing is the mandrel, packs reinforced concrete in the space that the steel casing founded, and the periphery of steel casing is provided with the stiffening rib, and the steel casing sets up the shear force key with reinforced concrete's juncture, and the steel member is fixed with the steel casing, the fastener runs through the steel member, realizes being connected of bent cap and reinforced concrete combination pier.
2. The assembly type steel-concrete composite pier and capping beam connecting system according to claim 1, wherein: the shear key is a welded nail shear key or a perforated steel plate shear key.
3. The assembly type steel-concrete composite pier and capping beam connecting system according to claim 1, wherein: the fastener includes screw rod portion and connecting portion, and screw rod portion is pre-buried in the bent cap, and connecting portion pass through the steel member and are connected with reinforced concrete combination pier.
4. The assembly type steel-concrete composite pier and capping beam connecting system according to claim 1, wherein: and the steel shell is subjected to anti-corrosion treatment relative to the exposed part of the reinforced concrete.
5. The assembly type steel-concrete composite pier and capping beam connecting system according to claim 1, wherein: the steel member includes end plate, connecting plate and epoxy layer, and the end plate sets up in the junction of steel-concrete combination pier and bent cap, lays the epoxy layer on the end plate, and the fixed locating plate that is provided with on the end plate, connecting plate extend to steel-concrete combination pier inboard, and the fastener runs through the end plate and connects between steel-concrete combination pier and bent cap.
6. An assembled steel-concrete composite pier and capping beam connecting system according to claim 5, wherein: and the connecting plate is provided with a plurality of reinforcing ribs to reinforce the connection strength of the steel member and the prefabricated pier.
7. An assembled steel-concrete composite pier and capping beam connecting system according to claim 5, wherein: be provided with the bolt box on the end plate, the fastener is the bolt, including screw rod portion and wired portion, screw rod portion is pre-buried in the bent cap, and wired portion passes through the bolt box and installs between reinforced concrete combination pier and bent cap to realize being connected of reinforced concrete combination pier and bent cap.
8. A construction method of a connection system of an assembly type steel-concrete combined pier and a capping beam is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) binding a cover beam steel bar on a construction site, installing a positioning plate, embedding a fastener, pouring cover beam concrete, and maintaining to the designed strength;
2) processing a steel shell according to a design drawing, mounting a stiffening rib on the inner side of the steel shell, mounting a shear key on the outer side of the steel shell, mounting a bolt box and an end plate on the steel shell on the butt joint side of the reinforced concrete combined pier, and performing anti-corrosion treatment on the steel structure;
3) blanking a steel bar framework according to a design drawing, erecting the steel structure processed in the step 1) and the step 2), binding an inner layer steel bar framework, inserting steel bars into a connecting plate, binding an outer layer steel bar framework, connecting the inner layer steel bar framework and the outer layer steel bar framework into a whole by using tie bars, installing a steel-concrete combined pier template after the steel bars of the steel-concrete combined pier are bound, pouring steel-concrete combined pier concrete, maintaining the steel-concrete combined pier, and removing the steel-concrete combined pier template system after the strength of the concrete is reached;
4) transporting the steel-concrete combined bridge pier and the bent cap to a construction site, and laying an epoxy resin layer on a positioning plate of the bent cap;
5) hoisting the steel-concrete combined pier and the capping beam, and connecting the steel-concrete combined pier and the capping beam by a fastener penetrating through the end plate;
6) and coating butter on the exposed fasteners and sealing the bolt box.
9. The construction method of the assembly type steel-concrete composite pier and capping beam connecting system according to claim 8, wherein: the steel-concrete combined bridge pier is a cuboid, the cross section of the steel-concrete combined bridge pier is rectangular, and the peripheral dimension of the steel-concrete combined bridge pier is 2m multiplied by 3m multiplied by 5 m; the thickness of the steel shell is 25mm, and the size is 1m multiplied by 2m multiplied by 5 m; the capping beam is a cuboid, the cross section of the capping beam is rectangular, and the size of the capping beam is 3m multiplied by 2 m; the thickness of the epoxy resin layer is 2mm, the fastener adopts high strength bolt, the thickness of the stiffening rib is 20mm, the thickness of the connecting plate is 20mm, the thickness of the positioning plate and the thickness of the end plate are 25mm, holes are reserved on the positioning plate and the end plate, the holes are round holes which are 2mm larger than the screw diameter of the fastener, the clear distance between the holes is 20mm, and the holes are evenly distributed around the positioning plate and the end plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010867059.6A CN112112056A (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Assembled steel-concrete combined bridge pier and capping beam connecting system and construction method thereof |
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| CN202010867059.6A CN112112056A (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2020-08-26 | Assembled steel-concrete combined bridge pier and capping beam connecting system and construction method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114134803A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-03-04 | 重庆大学 | Assembled thin-walled steel tube concrete pier system and construction process thereof |
| CN114592436A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-06-07 | 四川省公路规划勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Pier capping beam lower support system and construction method thereof |
| CN115369744A (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2022-11-22 | 东南大学 | Four-girder UHPC prefabricated capping beam and topology optimization method thereof |
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| CN115369744B (en) * | 2022-08-29 | 2024-04-30 | 东南大学 | Four-girder UHPC prefabricated bent cap and topology optimization method thereof |
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