CN112111140B - High-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40-80 parts of polycarbonate, 5-20 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, 5-30 parts of modified BDP flame retardant, 2-20 parts of toughening agent, 0.2-1 part of antioxidant, 0.3-1 part of internal lubricant, 0.3-1 part of external lubricant, 0.3-1 part of anti-dripping agent and 0-1 part of pigment. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material. The invention can effectively improve the flame-retardant and impact-resistant stability of the PC/ABS material and can improve the problem of flame retardant precipitation in the subsequent forming process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of polycarbonate materials, in particular to a high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The PC/ABS material is a mixture of polycarbonate and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, is thermoplastic plastic prepared by mixing Polycarbonate (PC) and polyacrylonitrile (ABS), combines the excellent characteristics of the two materials, and the moldability of the ABS material and the mechanical property, impact strength, temperature resistance, Ultraviolet (UV) resistance and other properties of the PC, and can be widely used in automobile internal parts, business machines, communication equipment, household appliances and lighting equipment.
As most of electric appliance materials have flame retardant requirements, the halogen-free flame retardant property of the PC/ABS material is more highly required by combining the current international flame retardant material non-halogenation trend. At present, phosphorus flame retardants, especially phosphate flame retardants BDP (bisphenol A bis (diphenyl phosphate) BDP, which are liquid at normal temperature, are added to the PC/ABS material for flame retardant modification, so that the viscosity of BDP and the viscosity of a PC/ABS melt are too different in a high-temperature processing environment, the BDP cannot be stably and uniformly dispersed in a barrel screw of an extruder, the dispersion state of BDP is inconsistent, the flame retardant performance and the mechanical performance of the material are affected, and the BDP is easily separated out from the PC/ABS material in a subsequent processing and forming process.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material and a preparation method thereof.
The invention provides a high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material which comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40-80 parts of polycarbonate, 5-20 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, 5-30 parts of modified BDP flame retardant, 2-20 parts of toughening agent, 0.2-1 part of antioxidant, 0.3-1 part of internal lubricant, 0.3-1 part of external lubricant, 0.3-1 part of anti-dripping agent and 0-1 part of pigment;
the modified BDP flame retardant is prepared by uniformly dispersing surface-modified nano silicon dioxide in the BDP flame retardant.
Preferably, in the modified BDP flame retardant, the mass ratio of the BDP flame retardant to the surface-modified nano silicon dioxide is (5-25): 1.
preferably, the surface-modified nano-silica is prepared by surface modification of nano-silica by using an organic modifier; preferably, the mass ratio of the organic modifier to the nano silicon dioxide is (0.5-1.5): 100.
preferably, the organic modifier is at least one of silane coupling agent, stearic acid, stearate and carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester; more preferably, the organic modifier is a carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester.
Preferably, the average particle size of the surface modified nano silicon dioxide is less than or equal to 200 nm; preferably, the average particle size of the surface-modified nano silicon dioxide is 20-200 nm.
Preferably, the preparation method of the surface modified nano-silica comprises the following steps: dispersing nano silicon dioxide in a solvent to obtain a nano silicon dioxide suspension, dispersing carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester in the solvent to obtain a carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester dispersion, uniformly mixing the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester dispersion and the nano silicon dioxide suspension, and removing the solvent to obtain the modified carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester.
Preferably, the number average molecular weight of the polycarbonate is 20000 to 40000; preferably, the number average molecular weight of the polycarbonate is 30000-40000.
Preferably, the toughening agent is at least one of octene-ethylene copolymer grafted maleic anhydride, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene grafted copolymer and organosilicon core-shell particle toughening agent.
Preferably, the preparation method of the polyacrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene is a bulk method or an emulsion method.
Preferably, the pigment is carbon black.
The preparation method of the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, uniformly mixing polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, a toughening agent, an antioxidant, an internal lubricant, an external lubricant, an anti-dripping agent and a pigment to obtain a premix;
and S2, adding the premix into a main feeding port of a double-screw extruder, and adding the modified BDP flame retardant into a side feeding port for melt extrusion to obtain the modified BDP flame retardant.
Preferably, in the step S2, the temperature of the first zone of the double-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 190-240 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 190-250 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the sixth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the seventh zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the eighth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the ninth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the machine head is 190-260 ℃, and the modified BDP flame retardant is added into a side feeding port positioned in the fifth zone; the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extruder is 250-600 r/min, and the length-diameter ratio of the double screws is 40: 1, the vacuum degree is-0.10 to-0.07 MPa.
Preferably, in the step S1, the mixing temperature is 20-50 ℃ and the mixing time is 1-5 min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the PC/ABS material, the modified BDP flame retardant is prepared by adding the modified nano silicon dioxide particles into the BDP flame retardant, so that the viscosity difference between the BDP flame retardant and a plastic melt in the processing process is improved, the dispersibility of the BDP flame retardant is enhanced, the flame retardant and impact resistance stability of the material is improved, and the problem of flame retardant precipitation in the subsequent forming process can be effectively solved;
(2) according to the invention, the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester is further selected as a modifier to modify the nano silicon dioxide to prepare the surface-modified nano silicon dioxide, so that the wetting capacity of silicon dioxide particles can be greatly improved, the dispersibility of the silicon dioxide particles in the BDP flame retardant is improved, the compatibility of the silicon dioxide particles with the BDP flame retardant and PC resin is improved, the interaction of the silicon dioxide with the BDP flame retardant and the PC resin is enhanced, the toughness of the PC/ABS material is further improved, and the precipitation degree of the flame retardant is reduced.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
The following examples and comparative examples employ the following starting materials:
the polycarbonate is LG-DOW PC1201-10, and the number average molecular weight is 31000; acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer available from Shanghai Gaoqiao petrochemical, model number 8434; methylmethacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer available from Rohm and Haas, type EXL 2620; flame retardant BDP was purchased from adiceae; the antioxidant is a mixture of antioxidant 168 and antioxidant 1076; the internal lubricant is PETS; the external lubricant is silicone master batch; the anti-dripping agent is high molecular weight polytetrafluoroethylene. The rest raw materials are all sold in the market.
Example 1
A high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 76 parts of polycarbonate, 8 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, 10 parts of modified BDP flame retardant, 6 parts of methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, 0.2 part of antioxidant, 0.3 part of internal lubricant, 0.5 part of external lubricant, 0.6 part of anti-dripping agent and 0.5 part of carbon black.
The preparation method of the modified BDP flame retardant comprises the following steps: adding the surface-modified nano-silica with the average particle size of 100nm into a flame retardant BDP, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the flame retardant BDP to the surface-modified nano-silica is 5: 1.
the preparation method of the surface modified nano silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: dispersing nano silicon dioxide in toluene for 2.5h under the ultrasonic condition of 400W to obtain nano silicon dioxide suspension; dispersing carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester into toluene to obtain carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester dispersion liquid; uniformly mixing the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester dispersion liquid with the nano-silica suspension, and removing toluene to obtain surface-modified nano-silica, wherein the mass ratio of the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester to the nano-silica is 1: 100.
the preparation method of the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, a toughening agent, an antioxidant, an internal lubricant, an external lubricant, an anti-dripping agent and carbon black at 80 ℃ for 2min to obtain a premix;
s2, adding the premix into a main feeding port of a double-screw extruder, adding the modified BDP flame retardant into a side feeding port positioned in five zones, and carrying out melt extrusion to obtain the flame retardant, wherein the temperature of the first zone of the double-screw extruder is 200 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 200 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 210 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 220 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 220 ℃, the temperature of the sixth zone is 220 ℃, the temperature of the seventh zone is 220 ℃, the temperature of the eighth zone is 220 ℃, the temperature of the ninth zone is 220 ℃, the temperature of a machine head is 240 ℃, the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extruder is 400r/min, and the length-diameter ratio of the double-screw is 40: 1, the vacuum degree is-0.08 MPa.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 only in that: in the modified BDP flame retardant, the mass ratio of the flame retardant BDP to the surface-modified nano silicon dioxide is 15: 1.
example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 only in that: in the modified BDP flame retardant, the mass ratio of the flame retardant BDP to the surface-modified nano silicon dioxide is 25: 1.
example 4
A high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40 parts of polycarbonate, 5 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, 5 parts of modified BDP flame retardant, 2 parts of methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene terpolymer, 0.3 part of antioxidant, 0.4 part of internal lubricant, 0.3 part of external lubricant and 0.3 part of anti-dripping agent.
The preparation method of the modified BDP flame retardant comprises the following steps: adding the surface-modified nano-silica with the average particle size of 20nm into a flame retardant BDP, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the flame retardant BDP to the surface-modified nano-silica is 15: 1.
the preparation method of the surface modified nano silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: dispersing the nano silicon dioxide in a solvent for 2.5 hours under the ultrasonic condition of 400W to obtain a nano silicon dioxide suspension; dispersing carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester in a solvent to obtain carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester dispersion liquid; uniformly mixing the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester dispersion liquid with the nano-silica suspension, and removing the solvent to obtain the surface-modified nano-silica, wherein the mass ratio of the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester to the nano-silica is 0.5: 100.
the preparation method of the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, a toughening agent, an antioxidant, an internal lubricant, an external lubricant, an anti-dripping agent and carbon black at 30 ℃ for 1min to obtain a premix;
s2, adding the premix into a main feeding port of a double-screw extruder, adding the modified BDP flame retardant into a side feeding port positioned in five zones, and carrying out melt extrusion to obtain the flame retardant, wherein the temperature of the first zone of the double-screw extruder is 180 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the sixth zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the seventh zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the eighth zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the ninth zone is 190 ℃, the temperature of the tenth zone is 190 ℃, the main machine rotating speed of the double-screw extruder is 250r/min, and the length-diameter ratio of the double-screw extruder is 30: 1, the vacuum degree is-0.1 MPa.
Example 5
A high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material comprises the following raw materials in parts by mass: 80 parts of polycarbonate, 20 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, 30 parts of modified BDP flame retardant, 20 parts of toughening agent, 1 part of antioxidant, 1 part of internal lubricant, 1 part of external lubricant, 1 part of anti-dripping agent and 1 part of carbon black.
The preparation method of the modified BDP flame retardant comprises the following steps: adding the surface-modified nano-silica with the average particle size of 200nm into a flame retardant BDP, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the flame retardant BDP to the surface-modified nano-silica is 15: 1.
the preparation method of the surface modified nano silicon dioxide comprises the following steps: dispersing the nano silicon dioxide in a solvent for 2.5 hours under the ultrasonic condition of 400W to obtain a nano silicon dioxide suspension; dispersing carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester in a solvent to obtain carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester dispersion liquid; uniformly mixing the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester dispersion liquid with the nano-silica suspension, and removing the solvent to obtain the surface-modified nano-silica, wherein the mass ratio of the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester to the nano-silica is 1.5: 100.
the preparation method of the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, a toughening agent, an antioxidant, an internal lubricant, an external lubricant, an anti-dripping agent and carbon black at 50 ℃ for 5min to obtain a premix;
s2, adding the premix into a main feeding port of a double-screw extruder, adding the modified BDP flame retardant into a side feeding port positioned in five zones, and carrying out melt extrusion to obtain the flame retardant, wherein the temperature of the first zone of the double-screw extruder is 210 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 240 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 250 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 260 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 260 ℃, the temperature of the sixth zone is 260 ℃, the temperature of the seventh zone is 260 ℃, the temperature of the eighth zone is 260 ℃, the temperature of the ninth zone is 260 ℃, the temperature of the tenth zone is 260 ℃, the rotating speed of a main engine of the double-screw extruder is 600r/min, and the length-diameter ratio of the double-screw extruder is 50: 1, the vacuum degree is-0.07 MPa.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that: the modified BDP flame retardant is replaced by the BDP flame retardant.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 only in that: the preparation method of the modified BDP flame retardant comprises the following steps: adding nano silicon dioxide with the average particle size of 100nm into a flame retardant BDP, and uniformly mixing, wherein the mass ratio of the flame retardant BDP to the nano silicon dioxide is 15: 1.
the PC/ABS materials obtained in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2 were subjected to a performance test in which tensile properties were measured according to ASTM D638; flexural performance testing was according to ASTM D790; notched izod impact testing was according to ASTM D256; flame retardant property: according to the UL 94 standard; vicat: according to ASTM D1525; whitening test: the test was carried out in a test chamber at 85% RH and 85 ℃ for 15 days, and the degree of blushing was graded as follows: 0-no blushing; 1-slight whitish; 2-obvious whitish; 3-severe blushing; the test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 PC/ABS materials Performance test results
As can be seen from Table 1, the modified BDP flame retardant prepared by adding the carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester modified nano-silica particles into the BDP flame retardant is beneficial to improving the toughness and the flame retardance of the material, improving the precipitation property of the material, this is probably because the nano-silica after surface treatment has improved compatibility with resin matrix, and is helpful for dispersing nano-particles, and more importantly, the nano-particles after surface treatment have some reactive groups, in the process of mixing with BDP liquid, the modified nano silicon dioxide is riveted on a BDP molecular chain to form a plurality of cross-linked networks taking the modified nano silicon dioxide as a core, in the process of mixing with the plastic melt, the defects of flame retardance, toughness reduction and precipitation degree increase caused by BDP dispersion unevenness due to large viscosity difference between BDP and the melt in the processing process are greatly improved; in addition, the modified nanoparticles are riveted with the molecular chain of the BDP and the molecular chain of the PC resin during the mixing process, so that the activity of the low-molecular flame retardant in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment is limited, and the precipitation degree of the BDP flame retardant is reduced. If the addition amount of the modified nano silicon dioxide is too small, the density of a cross-linked network is insufficient, the riveting effect is insufficient, the dispersity is also poor, the addition amount is too large, the riveting effect is too strong, the reaction is too violent, and the maintenance of the toughness of the material is not facilitated.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 40-80 parts of polycarbonate, 5-20 parts of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, 5-30 parts of modified BDP flame retardant, 2-20 parts of toughening agent, 0.2-1 part of antioxidant, 0.3-1 part of internal lubricant, 0.3-1 part of external lubricant, 0.3-1 part of anti-dripping agent and 0-1 part of pigment;
the modified BDP flame retardant is prepared by uniformly dispersing surface-modified nano silicon dioxide in the BDP flame retardant;
the surface modified nano silicon dioxide is prepared by adopting an organic modifier to carry out surface modification on the nano silicon dioxide;
the organic modifier is carboxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester;
the mass ratio of the organic modifier to the nano silicon dioxide is (0.5-1.5): 100.
2. the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the modified BDP flame retardant, the mass ratio of the BDP flame retardant to the surface-modified nano silica is (5-25): 1.
3. the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the average particle size of the surface-modified nano silica is 20-200 nm.
4. The high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material according to claim 1, wherein the number average molecular weight of the polycarbonate is 30000-40000.
5. The high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the toughening agent is at least one of octene-ethylene copolymer grafted maleic anhydride, methyl methacrylate-butadiene-styrene grafted copolymer, and organosilicon core-shell particle toughening agent.
6. The preparation method of the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer, a toughening agent, an antioxidant, an internal lubricant, an external lubricant, an anti-dripping agent and a pigment to obtain a premix;
and S2, adding the premix into a main feeding port of a double-screw extruder, and adding the modified BDP flame retardant into a side feeding port for melt extrusion to obtain the modified BDP flame retardant.
7. The preparation method of the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step S2, the temperature of the first zone of the twin-screw extruder is 180-210 ℃, the temperature of the second zone is 190-240 ℃, the temperature of the third zone is 190-250 ℃, the temperature of the fourth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the fifth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the sixth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the seventh zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the eighth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the ninth zone is 190-260 ℃, the temperature of the machine head is 190-260 ℃, and the modified BDP flame retardant is added into a side feeding port located in the fifth zone; the rotating speed of a main machine of the double-screw extruder is 250-600 r/min, and the length-diameter ratio of the double screws is 40: 1, the vacuum degree is-0.10 to-0.07 MPa.
8. The preparation method of the high-toughness low-precipitation halogen-free flame-retardant PC/ABS material according to claim 6 or 7, wherein in the step S1, the mixing temperature is 20-50 ℃ and the mixing time is 1-5 min.
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