CN112110675B - Environment-friendly anti-cracking waterproof agent for concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Environment-friendly anti-cracking waterproof agent for concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112110675B CN112110675B CN202010802941.2A CN202010802941A CN112110675B CN 112110675 B CN112110675 B CN 112110675B CN 202010802941 A CN202010802941 A CN 202010802941A CN 112110675 B CN112110675 B CN 112110675B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/32—Carbides; Nitrides; Borides ; Silicides
- C04B14/325—Nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
- C04B2/102—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling of magnesia, e.g. dead burning
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/04—Heat treatment
- C04B20/06—Expanding clay, perlite, vermiculite or like granular materials
- C04B20/068—Selection of ingredients added before or during the thermal treatment, e.g. expansion promoting agents or particle-coating materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B22/00—Use of inorganic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. accelerators, shrinkage compensating agents
- C04B22/06—Oxides, Hydroxides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2103/00—Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B2103/60—Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2103/65—Water proofers or repellants
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly anti-cracking waterproof agent for concrete and a preparation method thereof. The anti-cracking waterproof agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1-3% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet, 5-20% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 10-30% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5-10% of nano titanium dioxide, 5-15% of bauxite, 20-50% of modified bentonite, 5-15% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 1-5% of silicone zirconium, 5-15% of organic silicon water repellent, 0.5-2% of high alkali-resistant water absorbent resin and 1-5% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The waterproof agent disclosed by the invention can improve the pore structure of concrete, improve the compactness of the concrete, enhance the impermeability of the concrete, reduce the risk of shrinkage cracking of the concrete by utilizing the micro-expansion characteristic, improve the crack resistance of the concrete by utilizing the synergistic effect of the alkali-aggregate reaction inhibiting component, and simultaneously show high-efficiency photocatalytic performance under natural light by utilizing the excitation effect of nano titanium dioxide on graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheets, can effectively degrade harmful components such as nitrogen oxides in the air and the like, and plays a positive role in purifying the environment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to an environment-friendly anti-cracking waterproof agent for concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The nitrogen oxides are used as main harmful components in the atmosphere, and the generation approaches are wide, such as various industrial furnaces, chemical raw material production, motor vehicles, oxidation reaction of nitrogenous organic matters in fuel, and the like, and the harm is mainly reflected in the aspects of damaging the respiratory system of a human body, generating photochemical smog, generating acid rain, destroying the ozone layer, and the like. Researches show that the photocatalysis technology can effectively degrade nitrogen oxides in the air and improve the air quality. Graphite-phase carbon nitride as a star material in the field of photocatalysis in this century is well pursued by people because it can effectively utilize the visible light part in sunlight, but is greatly limited in application because of its disadvantages such as low specific surface area and high rate of photo-generated electron-hole recombination.
The concrete is used as a heterogeneous material with a porous structure, the impermeability of the concrete is obviously influenced by the pore structure, meanwhile, the shrinkage is the inherent property of the cement-based material, and the fundamental reason for the shrinkage is that the volume of the cement is reduced after hydration; in addition, material shrinkage such as drying shrinkage, temperature shrinkage, carbonization shrinkage and the like has an important influence on the generation and development of cracks. Harmful pores and cracks are the direct cause of poor impermeability and reduced durability of concrete.
Therefore, the search for a novel material which can improve the human living environment while solving the problem of poor impermeability of concrete is an urgent need for the development of the building industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the technical defects, provides an environment-friendly anti-cracking waterproof agent for concrete and a preparation method thereof, and solves the technical problems that the concrete in the prior art has poor impermeability and cannot improve the environment.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent in a first aspect, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1-3% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets, 5-20% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 10-30% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5-10% of nano titanium dioxide, 5-15% of bauxite, 20-50% of modified bentonite, 5-15% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 1-5% of silicone zirconium, 5-15% of organic silicon water repellent, 0.5-2% of high-alkali-resistant water absorbent resin and 1-5% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer.
The invention provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent, which is characterized by uniformly mixing graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheets, modified phosphogypsum powder, superfine lithium slag powder, nano titanium dioxide, bauxite, modified bentonite, a magnesium oxide expanding agent, silicone zirconium, an organic silicon water repellent, high-alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin and a polycarboxylic acid water reducer to obtain the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent provided by the second aspect of the invention is used for obtaining the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent provided by the first aspect of the invention.
The raw materials of the invention comprise the following components and the functions:
the waterproof component comprises an organic silicon water repellent and silicone zirconium. The organosilicon hydrophobic agent can reduce the diffusion rate of water; the silicone zirconium can react with a cement hydration product to generate an insoluble complex, so that capillary pores in concrete are blocked, and the porosity is reduced; the two are added together, so that the synergistic effect of the two can be fully exerted, and the impermeability of the concrete is obviously improved.
The micro-expansion component comprises modified phosphogypsum, bauxite and a magnesium oxide expanding agent. The reaction of the modified phosphogypsum and bauxite can provide early expansion, and prevent early plastic cracking of concrete while plugging part of early capillary pores; the magnesium oxide expanding agent can provide continuous micro-expansion in the later period, and reduce the risk of shrinkage and cracking of the concrete in the later period, thereby improving the anti-cracking performance of the concrete in the whole period.
The water retention component is high alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin. The high alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin can absorb partial redundant free water, reduce the formation of harmful pores of concrete due to bleeding, improve the impermeability, keep the internal humidity of the concrete, reduce the risk of shrinkage and cracking of the concrete, provide a humidity environment for expansion components, promote the hydration reaction and greatly improve the compactness and the crack resistance of the concrete.
The environment-friendly components are graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets and nano titanium dioxide: the photocatalytic performance of the graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheet subjected to alkali stripping is greatly improved, decomposition of harmful component nitrogen oxide in the air can be promoted under visible light, and the content of pollutants in the surrounding environment is reduced; the nanometer titanium dioxide not only can play a role in filling pores and a role in crystal nucleus, promotes the generation of hydration products, improves the compactness of concrete, but also can greatly excite the photocatalytic activity of graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheets and further improve the photocatalytic performance as a semiconductor material.
The modified component is modified bentonite. The modified bentonite has the functions of water retention, compaction, micro-expansion and the like, and the waterproof performance is further improved.
The inhibiting component is superfine lithium slag powder. The superfine lithium slag powder can play a role in inhibiting alkali-aggregate reaction, improves the durability of concrete, has higher later hydration activity, plays a role in compacting and improves the waterproof performance.
The plasticizing component is a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The polycarboxylate superplasticizer can improve the workability of concrete and improve the compactness of the concrete.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the waterproof agent disclosed by the invention is doped into concrete, so that the pore structure of the concrete can be improved, the compactness of the concrete is improved, the impermeability of the concrete is enhanced, the risk of shrinkage cracking of the concrete is reduced by utilizing the full-period micro-expansion characteristic of the waterproof agent, the crack resistance of the concrete is improved by utilizing the synergistic effect of the alkali-aggregate reaction inhibition component, and meanwhile, the excitation effect of nano titanium dioxide on graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheets is utilized, so that the high-efficiency photocatalytic performance is shown under natural light, the harmful components such as nitrogen oxides in the air can be effectively degraded, and the positive effect on purifying the environment is achieved;
the invention combines the rigid structure self-waterproof technology and the photocatalysis technology to be applied to the concrete structure, can improve the crack resistance, the water resistance and the durability of the structure, can purify the surrounding environment, and has important popularization prospect in the building industry.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
The invention provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent, which comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1-3% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet, 5-20% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 10-30% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5-10% of nano titanium dioxide and 5-15% of bauxite20 to 50 percent of modified bentonite, 5 to 15 percent of magnesia expanding agent, 1 to 5 percent of silicone zirconium, 5 to 15 percent of organic silicon water repellent, 0.5 to 2 percent of high alkali-resistant water-absorbent resin and 1 to 5 percent of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. In the present embodiment, the graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheet is obtained by the following steps: selecting at least one of melamine, dicyandiamide and cyanamide, heating to 500-550 ℃ at a speed of 2-10 ℃/min in a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 3-5 h, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder for later use; and (3) putting the powder into 0.5-2 mol/L KOH solution, refluxing for 2-4 h at 90-105 ℃, and centrifuging, cleaning and drying to obtain the graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet. Further, the thickness of the obtained graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet is less than 10nm, and the length of the graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet is less than 200 nm. In the embodiment, the modified phosphogypsum powder is obtained by calcining common phosphogypsum at 450-550 ℃ for 60-90 min, cooling and grinding the common phosphogypsum through a standard sieve of 0.2 mm; the specific surface area of the obtained modified phosphogypsum powder is 300-500 m2(iv) kg; further, the modified phosphogypsum comprises the following main chemical components in percentage by mass: SO (SO)345.34％～50.85％、CaO32.54％～36.79％、SiO25.62％～9.46％、Al2O30.45％～0.68％、MgO 0.28％～0.61％、Fe2O30.19％～0.32％、P2O50.21 to 0.57 percent. In the invention, the high-temperature activation treatment is carried out on the common phosphogypsum, so that the early strength development and compactness of the concrete can be improved. In the embodiment, the superfine lithium slag powder is prepared by grinding industrial waste lithium slag through an air flow mill until the specific surface area is 650-700 kg/m2The main chemical components of the material are as follows by mass percent: CaO 6.54% -7.79%, SiO255.62％～59.46％、Al2O318.45％～19.68％、MgO 0.48％～0.87％、Fe2O31.19％～1.62％、SO34.21 to 6.57 percent. In the embodiment, the nano titanium dioxide is rutile titanium dioxide, and the specific surface area of the nano titanium dioxide is 50m measured by a nitrogen adsorption method2/g±15m2(ii)/g; al in bauxite2O3The content is more than 80 percent. In this embodiment, the modified bentonite is obtained by the following steps: mixing the materials by mass fraction of 96-9After 8% of natural sodium bentonite and 2-4% of ferric sulfate are uniformly mixed, the mixture is added into a coconut monoethanolamide sulfosuccinic acid monoester disodium salt solution at the temperature of 55-65 ℃, the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 0.5-1.5 h, then the filtration and the drying are carried out, 4-6% of ammonium chloride is added, the mixture is fully ground and mixed, the mixture is placed in a muffle furnace, the mixture is calcined for 2-3 h at the temperature of 500-600 ℃, the mixture is cooled and fully ground, and the mixture passes through a 0.08um standard sieve, so that the modified bentonite is obtained. In the embodiment, the magnesia expanding agent is prepared by burning magnesite in a rotary kiln at 800 ℃, the activity index is 168s, and the MgO content is more than 90%; the high alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin is prepared by modifying acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer resin, has a particle size of 100-200 meshes and is saturated with Ca (OH)2The water absorption amount in the solution is up to 40-80 g/g.
The invention provides a preparation method of an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent, which is characterized by uniformly mixing graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheets, modified phosphogypsum powder, superfine lithium slag powder, nano titanium dioxide, bauxite, modified bentonite, a magnesium oxide expanding agent, silicone zirconium, an organic silicon water repellent, high-alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin and a polycarboxylic acid water reducer to obtain the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent.
The preparation method of the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent provided by the second aspect of the invention is used for obtaining the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent provided by the first aspect of the invention.
In order to avoid redundancy, in the following examples and comparative examples of the present invention, some of the raw materials are summarized as follows:
the graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet is obtained through the following steps: heating melamine to 520 ℃ in a muffle furnace at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving heat for 4 hours, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder for later use; placing the powder in 1mol/LKOH solution, refluxing for 3h at 100 ℃, centrifuging, cleaning and drying to obtain graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheets; the thickness of the obtained graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet is less than 10nm, and the length of the graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet is less than 200 nm.
The modified phosphogypsum is obtained by the following steps: mixing phosphorus stoneCalcining the paste at 500 ℃ for 80min, taking out, naturally cooling, grinding by a standard sieve of 0.2mm, and enabling the specific surface area to be 300-500 m2/kg；
The preparation method of the modified bentonite comprises the following steps: mixing 97% of natural sodium bentonite and 3% of ferric sulfate uniformly, adding the mixture into a 60 ℃ coconut monoethanolamide sulfosuccinic acid monoester disodium solution, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 1h, filtering, drying, adding 5% of ammonium chloride, fully grinding, mixing, placing in a muffle furnace, calcining at 600 ℃ for 2h, fully grinding after natural cooling, and sieving with a 0.08um standard sieve.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet, 20% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 30% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5% of nano titanium dioxide, 5% of bauxite, 22.5% of modified bentonite, 5% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 5% of silicone zirconium, 5% of organic silicon water repellent, 0.5% of high alkali-resistant water absorbent resin and 1% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets, 5% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 10% of superfine lithium slag powder, 10% of nano titanium dioxide, 5% of bauxite, 50% of modified bentonite, 5% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 2% of silicone zirconium, 5% of organic silicon water repellent, 2% of high alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin and 3% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets, 10% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 20% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5% of nano titanium dioxide, 10% of bauxite, 30% of modified bentonite, 10% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 2% of silicone zirconium, 5% of organic silicon water repellent, 3% of high alkali-resistant water-absorbent resin and 3% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets, 10% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 20% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5% of nano titanium dioxide, 15% of bauxite, 25% of modified bentonite, 10% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 3% of silicone zirconium, 5% of organic silicon water repellent, 2% of high-alkali-resistant water absorbent resin and 2% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of block graphite phase carbon nitride, 10% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 20% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5% of nano titanium dioxide, 10% of bauxite, 30% of modified bentonite, 10% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 2% of silicone zirconium, 5% of organic silicon water repellent, 3% of high alkali-resistant water-absorbent resin and 3% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets, 10% of common phosphogypsum powder, 20% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5% of nano titanium dioxide, 10% of bauxite, 30% of common bentonite, 10% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 2% of silicone zirconium, 5% of organic silicon water repellent, 3% of high alkali-resistant water-absorbent resin and 3% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 7% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets, 10% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 20% of superfine lithium slag powder, 10% of bauxite, 30% of modified bentonite, 10% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 2% of silicone zirconium, 5% of organic silicon water repellent, 3% of high alkali-resistant water-absorbent resin and 3% of polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 20% of superfine lithium slag powder, 7% of nano titanium dioxide, 10% of bauxite, 30% of modified bentonite, 10% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 2% of silicone zirconium, 5% of organic silicon water repellent, 3% of high alkali-resistant water-absorbent resin and 3% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.06% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet, 10.31% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 20.62% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5.15% of nano titanium dioxide, 10.31% of bauxite, 30.93% of modified bentonite, 10.31% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 2.06% of silicone zirconium, 5.15% of organosilicon water repellent and 3.1% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets, 10% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 20% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5% of nano titanium dioxide, 10% of bauxite, 30% of modified bentonite, 10% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 7% of silicone zirconium, 3% of high alkali-resistant water-absorbent resin and 3% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Comparative example 7
The comparative example provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets, 10% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 20% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5% of nano titanium dioxide, 10% of bauxite, 30% of modified bentonite, 10% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 7% of organic silicon water repellent, 3% of high alkali-resistant water-absorbent resin and 3% of polycarboxylate superplasticizer. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Comparative example 8
The comparative example provides an environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 2.5% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet, 12.5% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 6.25% of nano titanium dioxide, 12.5% of bauxite, 37.5% of modified bentonite, 12.5% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 2.5% of silicone zirconium, 6.25% of organic silicon water repellent, 3.75% of high alkali-resistant water absorbent resin and 3.75% of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent. The components are mechanically and uniformly mixed to obtain the finished product of the anti-cracking waterproof agent.
Test group
The performance of the concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent is tested according to the standard JC 474-; in each of the examples and comparative examples, the anti-cracking waterproof agent was incorporated at 5% by mass of the concrete cement. Meanwhile, the effect of photocatalytic degradation of nitrogen oxide of the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent is evaluated, and the test results are shown in table 1.
The concrete crack-resistant waterproof agent performance test method comprises the following steps:
the photocatalytic degradation test method comprises the following steps: the photocatalytic reactor adopts a closed ventilation pipeline, a cement concrete test block is filled in the middle of the pipeline, a simulated sunlight light source is installed at the top of the device, nitric oxide is used as a pollutant for simulating nitrogen oxide in the atmosphere, the initial concentration is 1.66g/L, the gas flow rate is 0.5L/min, the test environment temperature is 20 ℃, and the humidity is 60 +/-5%. Collecting gas samples of a gas inlet and a gas outlet at an interval of 1 hour, analyzing the concentration of target pollutants, and calculating the photocatalytic efficiency of cement mortar according to the following formula:
wherein, C0Is the concentration of nitric oxide at the gas inlet; cxIs the concentration of nitric oxide at the gas outlet; eta isPhotocatalytic efficiency (%).
TABLE 1 test results of concrete anti-cracking waterproofing agent on concrete performance
As can be seen from Table 1, the concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent obtained in the embodiments 1 to 4 of the invention can enable the concrete performance to meet the first-class technical index requirements of JC 474-.
Compared with example 3, in comparative example 1, bulk graphite phase carbon nitride is adopted, so that the concrete doped with the obtained waterproof agent has poor photocatalytic performance, and the adoption of nano graphite phase carbon nitride is favorable for improving the photocatalytic performance.
Compared with the example 3, the phosphogypsum and bentonite are not modified in the comparative example 2, so that the concrete doped with the waterproof agent has higher bleeding rate and higher penetration height ratio, and the phosphogypsum and bentonite can be modified to obviously improve the waterproof performance.
Compared with the embodiment 3, the nano titanium dioxide is not added in the comparative example 3, the photocatalytic performance is obviously reduced from 16.8 percent to 11.6 percent.
Compared with the embodiment 3, the graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet is not added in the comparative example 4, and although more nano titanium dioxide is added, the nano titanium dioxide almost has no photocatalytic effect under natural light, so that the photocatalytic efficiency is very low.
Compared with the example 3, the high alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin is not added in the comparative example 5, and the concrete doped with the water-proofing agent has higher bleeding rate and shrinkage rate, which shows that the water-absorbing resin can absorb redundant free water and maintain the internal humidity of the concrete, thereby improving the bleeding property, the drying shrinkage property and the later strength of the concrete.
Compared with the example 3, the organic silicon water repellent is not added in the comparative example 6, the impermeability height ratio and the absorption capacity ratio of the concrete doped with the waterproof agent are obviously increased, and the early strength of the concrete is also obviously reduced, which shows that the waterproof component has obvious influence on the waterproof performance and the mechanical property of the concrete.
Compared with example 3, in comparative example 7, silicone zirconium was not added, and the impermeability height ratio of the concrete doped with the waterproof agent was significantly increased, which shows the key effect of the waterproof component on the impermeability index of the concrete.
Compared with the example 3, the comparative example 8 does not add the superfine lithium slag powder, the later strength of the concrete doped with the obtained waterproof agent is reduced to a certain extent, and the impermeability is lower, which indicates that the component contributes to the later strength of the concrete and can play a role in filling and compacting to a certain extent.
As can be seen from the examples 1-4 and the comparative examples 1-8, the components in the formula of the invention act synergistically, so that the obtained waterproof agent has excellent waterproof performance, mechanical property and photocatalytic performance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) when being doped into concrete, the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent has the advantages of micro-expansion, compactness, inhibition of alkali-aggregate reaction, good workability and the like, and has excellent anti-cracking waterproof effect.
(2) The environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent combines waterproofing and environmental protection, can effectively degrade nitric oxide in the surrounding environment of a structure by using natural light while achieving self waterproofing of a concrete structure, and is very favorable for environmental protection.
(3) The water-proof and anti-permeability performance and the environmental protection performance are greatly improved by the synergistic effect among various components, such as the synergistic effect among the water retention component and the micro-expansion component, the excitation effect among the environmental protection components and the like.
(4) The environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent is doped with 5% of the mass fraction of the concrete cementing material, and the concrete setting time, bleeding rate, compressive strength, penetration height ratio, water absorption ratio and shrinkage ratio all meet the technical index requirements in standard JC474 mortar and concrete waterproof agent.
(5) The environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent belongs to a powder waterproof agent, is small in mixing amount (5% of the mass of a rubber material), is convenient to store, transport and use, consumes large quantities of industrial solid wastes such as lithium slag, phosphogypsum and the like, and meets the requirements of green, environment-friendly and sustainable production.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (7)
1. The environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 1-3% of graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheets, 5-20% of modified phosphogypsum powder, 10-30% of superfine lithium slag powder, 5-10% of nano titanium dioxide, 5-15% of bauxite, 20-50% of modified bentonite, 5-15% of magnesium oxide expanding agent, 1-5% of silicone zirconium, 5-15% of organic silicon water repellent, 0.5-2% of high alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin and 1-5% of polycarboxylic acid water reducer; the modified bentonite is obtained by the following steps: uniformly mixing 96-98% of natural sodium bentonite and 2-4% of ferric sulfate, adding the mixture into a coconut monoethanolamide sulfosuccinic acid monoester disodium solution at 55-65 ℃, performing ultrasonic dispersion treatment for 0.5-1.5 h, filtering, drying, doping 4-6% of ammonium chloride, fully grinding, mixing, placing in a muffle furnace, calcining at 500-600 ℃ for 2-3 h, cooling, fully grinding and sieving to obtain modified bentonite; the modified phosphogypsum powder is obtained by calcining common phosphogypsum at 450-550 ℃ for 60-90 min, cooling, grinding and sieving; the specific surface area of the obtained modified phosphogypsum powder is 300-500 m2/kg。
2. The environment-friendly concrete crack-resistant and waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheets are obtained by:
selecting at least one of melamine, dicyandiamide and cyanamide, heating to 500-550 ℃ at a speed of 2-10 ℃/min in a muffle furnace, preserving heat for 3-5 h, cooling to room temperature, and grinding into powder for later use;
and (3) putting the powder into 0.5-2 mol/L KOH solution, refluxing for 2-4 h at 90-105 ℃, and centrifuging, cleaning and drying to obtain the graphite phase carbon nitride nanosheet.
3. The environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrafine lithium slag powder is prepared by milling industrial waste lithium slag through an air mill until the specific surface area is 650-700 kg/m2Thus obtaining the product.
4. The environment-friendly concrete crack-resistant waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nano titanium dioxide is rutile titanium dioxide, and the specific surface area of the nano titanium dioxide is 50m as measured by a nitrogen adsorption method2/g±15m2(ii)/g; al in the bauxite2O3The content is more than 80 percent.
5. The environment-friendly concrete crack-resistant waterproof agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the magnesia expansive agent is prepared by firing magnesite in a rotary kiln at 800 ℃, the activity index is 168s, and the MgO content is more than 90%.
6. The environment-friendly concrete crack-resistant and water-proofing agent as claimed in claim 1, wherein the high alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin is modified from acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer resin, has a particle size of 100-200 meshes, and is saturated with Ca (OH)2The water absorption amount in the solution is up to 40-80 g/g.
7. The preparation method of the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the method is characterized by uniformly mixing the graphite-phase carbon nitride nanosheets, the modified phosphogypsum powder, the superfine lithium slag powder, the nano titanium dioxide, the bauxite, the modified bentonite, the magnesium oxide expanding agent, the silicone zirconium, the organic silicon water repellent, the high alkali-resistant water-absorbing resin and the polycarboxylic acid water reducer to obtain the environment-friendly concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent.
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| CN112851191B (en) * | 2021-01-13 | 2022-10-14 | 武汉源锦建材科技有限公司 | Compact anti-cracking waterproof agent for inhibiting early cracking of concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN113149512B (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2022-05-31 | 杨陈方 | Moisture-proof deep active micro powder master batch for building bottom building |
| CN113173725B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2023-02-07 | 广东粤盛特种建材有限公司 | Efficient concrete expansion anti-cracking waterproof agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN113387652A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-14 | 西安建祥建材科技有限公司 | Anti-cracking anti-seepage self-repairing C35 mass concrete |
| CN113603385B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2022-08-12 | 武汉三源特种建材有限责任公司 | Hydration heat inhibition type concrete anti-cracking waterproof agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115557764B (en) * | 2022-02-15 | 2023-09-22 | 上海牛元工贸有限公司 | Waterproof enhanced inorganic plugging material and preparation method thereof |
| CN115572132B (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-06-16 | 陕西智诚旭隆智造有限公司 | Anticorrosive PHC pipe pile and preparation method thereof |
| CN116375391A (en) * | 2023-04-10 | 2023-07-04 | 江苏同禹新材料科技有限公司 | Permeable crystallization type concrete waterproof material and preparation method thereof |
| CN116514450B (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2024-02-06 | 山东诚港新材料科技有限公司 | Gypsum modifier for cement production |
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