CN112105072A - Internet of things communication system and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Internet of things communication system and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112105072A CN112105072A CN202011133709.0A CN202011133709A CN112105072A CN 112105072 A CN112105072 A CN 112105072A CN 202011133709 A CN202011133709 A CN 202011133709A CN 112105072 A CN112105072 A CN 112105072A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- node
- terminal
- cluster head
- nodes
- network
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 241000854291 Dianthus carthusianorum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 134
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloralodol Chemical compound CC(O)(C)CC(C)OC(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl QVFWZNCVPCJQOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000008694 Humulus lupulus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 101100172132 Mus musculus Eif3a gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
- H04W40/12—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on transmission quality or channel quality
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16Y—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE INTERNET OF THINGS [IoT]
- G16Y10/00—Economic sectors
- G16Y10/75—Information technology; Communication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L12/00—Data switching networks
- H04L12/28—Data switching networks characterised by path configuration, e.g. LAN [Local Area Networks] or WAN [Wide Area Networks]
- H04L12/44—Star or tree networks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/12—Discovery or management of network topologies
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L41/00—Arrangements for maintenance, administration or management of data switching networks, e.g. of packet switching networks
- H04L41/30—Decision processes by autonomous network management units using voting and bidding
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
- H04L45/48—Routing tree calculation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
- H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
- H04W40/32—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update for defining a routing cluster membership
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Accounting & Taxation (AREA)
- Development Economics (AREA)
- Economics (AREA)
- General Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Computing Systems (AREA)
- Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of Internet of things and provides an Internet of things communication system and a construction method thereof. The thing networking communication system includes: a first tier network and a second tier network; the first layer network is a multi-hop network which is constructed by a central gateway and cluster head nodes and takes the central gateway as a root node; the second layer network is a point-to-multipoint single-hop cellular network constructed by the cluster head nodes and the terminal nodes; the cluster head nodes are selected from the terminal nodes according to preset rules and are used for gathering and forwarding data sent by the terminal nodes. In the invention, in the process of initializing the terminal node networking, cluster head nodes are selected according to a preset rule, the multi-hop progression from a central gateway of a first-layer network to the cluster head nodes is ensured to be as few as possible, the end-to-end time delay is reduced, and the network throughput and the network transmission efficiency are improved. The second layer network is a point-to-multipoint single-hop cellular network, and can meet the communication requirement of low time delay during high-frequency concurrent data transmission of a large number of terminal nodes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of Internet of things, in particular to an Internet of things communication system and a construction method thereof.
Background
With the development of the internet of things, the demand for wireless internet of things communication is more and more extensive. The existing low-power consumption wide area network (LPWAN) networking structure is mainly a point-to-multipoint single-hop star network, a central node (gateway) receives and schedules wireless resources of terminal nodes, large-scale networking is not facilitated, and the communication requirements of high frequency and low time delay are difficult to meet when a large number of nodes of the Internet of things exist. For example, a networking structure of a Personal Area Network (PAN) adopting the Zigbee technology is mainly a tree network or a mesh network with a multi-hop feature, and a low-power local area network protocol based on the ieee802.15.4 standard has a strong networking capability; however, all terminal nodes in the multi-hop tree-shaped networking adopt a CSMA data transmission mechanism, the multi-hop transmission time delay from the central node to the terminal nodes is large, when a plurality of terminal nodes frequently upload data in a short time, the time delay is large, and the network transmission efficiency is seriously reduced. For another example, a networking structure of the LoRa internet of things technology is adopted, and a frequency division multiple access mode (not supporting code division multiple access) is adopted for the LoRa gateway, so that the efficiency is low when a plurality of terminal users transmit data concurrently; moreover, the LoRa terminal adopts an MAC layer access mechanism for carrier sense collision detection, which can meet the low-frequency data transmission requirements of the terminal user, but the time delay is large when the terminal user uploads data at a high frequency, and the network transmission efficiency is greatly reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide an Internet of things communication system and a construction method thereof, so as to meet the communication requirement of low time delay during high-frequency data transmission of a large number of terminal nodes, facilitate large-scale networking and improve network transmission efficiency.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an internet of things communication system, including: a first tier network and a second tier network; the first layer network is a multi-hop network which is constructed by a central gateway and cluster head nodes and takes the central gateway as a root node; the second layer network is a point-to-multipoint single-hop cellular network constructed by the cluster head nodes and the terminal nodes; the cluster head nodes are selected from the terminal nodes according to preset rules and are used for gathering and forwarding data sent by the terminal nodes.
Furthermore, the terminal node and the cluster head node concurrently transmit data by adopting time division multiple access, frequency division multiple access, code division multiple access and combination modes thereof.
The invention also provides a construction method of the communication system of the internet of things, wherein a first layer network and a second layer network of the communication system of the internet of things are constructed in the following way:
s1), the central gateway broadcasts a synchronization message to perform synchronization calibration on the terminal node;
s2), the central gateway broadcasts a network establishment message, judges the legality of the terminal node according to the response message of the terminal node, and performs network access registration on the legal terminal node;
s3) the central gateway learns the connection relation between the terminal nodes according to the response messages of all the terminal nodes, and constructs a network tree topology graph of the central gateway and the terminal nodes;
s4), the central gateway selects a cluster head node from each terminal node according to the network tree topology graph and the preset rule, and the construction of the first layer network and the second layer network is completed.
Further, step S1) the central gateway broadcasting a synchronization message to perform synchronization calibration on the end node, including:
and the central gateway broadcasts the synchronization message, and the terminal nodes broadcast the synchronization message to adjacent terminal nodes after receiving the synchronization message until all the terminal nodes receive the synchronization message, thereby completing the synchronization calibration of all the terminal nodes.
Further, step S2) includes:
the central gateway broadcasts a network establishment message, and the terminal nodes send a response message to the central gateway after receiving the network establishment message and forward the network establishment message to adjacent terminal nodes; the response message comprises the identity information of the terminal node and a list of neighboring terminal nodes, wherein the list comprises the identity information of the neighboring terminal nodes and the signal strengths of the neighboring terminal nodes; and the central gateway judges the legality of the terminal node according to the identity information in the response message of the terminal node and registers the legal terminal node in a network.
Further, the broadcasting of the network establishment message by the central gateway, the sending of a response message to the central gateway after the terminal node receives the network establishment message, and the forwarding of the network establishment message to the neighboring terminal nodes, includes:
after receiving the network establishing message, the terminal node firstly carries out carrier sense to confirm whether a channel is idle at the moment; if the channel is idle, the terminal node sends a response message to the central gateway and forwards the networking message to the adjacent terminal node; and if the channel is busy, the terminal node backs off, and sends a response message to the central gateway or forwards the networking message to the adjacent terminal node within preset time.
Further, step S3) includes:
the central gateway acquires the connection relation between the terminal nodes according to the identity information and the list information in the response messages of all the terminal nodes, and constructs a network tree topology graph of the central gateway and the terminal nodes; the connection relation between the terminal nodes in the network tree topology further comprises a signal intensity weight.
Further, the preset rule for electing the cluster head node in step S4) includes:
determining a terminal node reaching a central gateway by one hop as a candidate cluster head node, sorting the candidate cluster head nodes in a descending order according to the signal strength weight of each candidate cluster head node, and sequentially identifying as a cluster head node C (M), wherein M is 1, … and M; wherein M is the number of candidate cluster head nodes; respectively constructing each cluster head node and a terminal node adjacent to the cluster head node into a cluster, wherein M cluster head nodes are respectively constructed into M clusters; and if the adjacent terminal nodes of the cluster head node of a certain cluster are all the cluster head nodes of other clusters, marking the cluster head node of the cluster as an empty cluster head node so as to ensure that all the terminal nodes which can reach the central gateway in one hop are selected as first-level cluster head nodes.
Further, the preset rule for electing the cluster head node in step S4) further includes:
if the same terminal node exists in different clusters, determining which cluster head node the terminal node is allocated to according to the signal strength weight of the cluster head node of the cluster and the number of the terminal nodes in the cluster, and ensuring that each terminal node corresponds to a unique cluster head node during communication.
Further, the preset rule for electing the cluster head node in step S4) further includes:
if a terminal node W (i) without a cluster head node is available and the terminal node W (i) is adjacent to a terminal node T (j) which is already allocated to a primary cluster head node, the terminal node T (j) is selected as the cluster head node of the terminal node W (i) and the terminal node T (j) is used as a secondary cluster head node; if there is a terminal node z (i) to which no cluster head node is allocated, and the terminal node z (i) is a neighboring terminal node x (j) to which the secondary cluster head node is allocated, the terminal node x (j) is selected as the cluster head node of the terminal node z (i), and the terminal node x (j) serves as the tertiary cluster head node.
According to the Internet of things communication system and the construction method thereof provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the process of initializing the terminal node networking, the cluster head node is elected according to the preset rule, the multi-hop progression from the central gateway of the first-layer network to the cluster head node is ensured to be as few as possible, the hop count between the central gateway and the cluster head node is reduced, the multi-hop routing minimization is realized, the end-to-end time delay is greatly reduced, the throughput of the first-layer network is improved, and the network transmission efficiency is improved. In addition, a second layer network formed by the cluster head nodes and the terminal nodes is a point-to-multipoint single-hop cellular network, and the single-hop cellular network supports data transmission modes of time division multiple access, frequency division multiple access, code division multiple access and combination modes thereof, so that the communication efficiency of the second layer network can be effectively improved, and the second layer network can meet the communication requirement of a large number of terminal nodes on low time delay during high-frequency concurrent data transmission, and is favorable for large-scale networking.
Additional features and advantages of embodiments of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the embodiments of the invention without limiting the embodiments of the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is an architecture diagram of a communication system of the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for constructing a communication system of the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a network tree topology constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present invention, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
Fig. 1 is an architecture diagram of a communication system of the internet of things according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides an internet of things communication system, including a first layer network and a second layer network, where the first layer network is a multi-hop network that is constructed by a central gateway and cluster head nodes and uses the central gateway as a root node; the second layer network is a point-to-multipoint single-hop cellular network constructed by the cluster head nodes and the terminal nodes; the cluster head nodes are selected from the terminal nodes according to preset rules and are used for gathering and forwarding data sent by the terminal nodes. And the terminal node and the cluster head node concurrently transmit data by adopting time division multiple access, frequency division multiple access, code division multiple access and a combination mode thereof.
In the internet of things communication system provided by the embodiment of the invention, in the network construction process, the cluster head nodes are elected according to the preset rules, the multi-hop progression from the central gateway of the first layer network to the cluster head nodes is ensured to be as few as possible, the hop count between the central gateway and the cluster head nodes is reduced, the multi-hop routing minimization is realized, the end-to-end time delay is greatly reduced, the throughput of the first layer network is improved, and the network transmission efficiency is improved. In addition, a second layer network formed by the cluster head nodes and the terminal nodes is a point-to-multipoint single-hop cellular network, and the single-hop cellular network supports data transmission modes of time division multiple access, frequency division multiple access, code division multiple access and combination modes thereof, so that the communication efficiency of the second layer network can be effectively improved, and the second layer network can meet the communication requirement of a large number of terminal nodes on low time delay during high-frequency concurrent data transmission, and is favorable for large-scale networking.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a method for constructing an internet of things communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 2, the first-layer network and the second-layer network of the communication system of the internet of things provided by the embodiment are constructed in the following manner:
s1) the central gateway broadcasts a synchronization message to carry out synchronization calibration on the terminal nodes.
And the central gateway broadcasts a synchronization message (for example, a message containing a synchronization sequence number), and the terminal nodes broadcast the synchronization message to adjacent terminal nodes after receiving the synchronization message, that is, any terminal node in the network needs to flood (broadcast to the adjacent terminal nodes) after receiving the synchronization message until all the terminal nodes receive the synchronization message, thereby completing the synchronization calibration of all the terminal nodes.
S2), the central gateway broadcasts the network establishing information, judges the legality of the terminal node according to the response information of the terminal node, and carries out network access registration on the legal terminal node.
And the central gateway broadcasts a network establishment message, and the terminal nodes send a response message to the central gateway after receiving the network establishment message and forward the network establishment message to the adjacent terminal nodes. Specifically, after receiving the network establishment message, the terminal node first performs carrier sensing to determine whether a channel is idle at the time; if the channel is idle, the terminal node sends a response message to the central gateway and forwards the networking message to the adjacent terminal node; and if the channel is busy, the terminal node backs off, and sends a response message to the central gateway or forwards the networking message to the adjacent terminal node within preset time. After receiving a network establishing message forwarded by an adjacent terminal node, the terminal node firstly carries out carrier sense to confirm whether a channel is idle at the moment; if the channel is idle, the terminal node sends a response message to the adjacent terminal node at the starting moment of the next superframe; and if the channel is busy, the terminal node retreats, and sends a response message to the adjacent terminal node after the preset time. And after receiving the network establishing message or the response message, all the terminal nodes repeatedly execute carrier sensing and forwarding until the response messages of all the terminal nodes are forwarded to the central gateway.
After each terminal node receives the networking message, a list of adjacent terminal nodes is generated according to the networking message, and the list comprises the identity information of the adjacent terminal nodes and the signal strength of the adjacent terminal nodes. The response message sent by the terminal node to the central gateway includes the identity information of the terminal node and a list of neighboring terminal nodes. And the central gateway judges the legality of the terminal node according to the identity information in the response message of the terminal node and registers the legal terminal node in a network.
S3), the central gateway obtains the connection relation between the terminal nodes according to the response messages of all the terminal nodes, and constructs a network tree topology graph of the central gateway and the terminal nodes.
Fig. 3 is a network tree topology constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the central gateway obtains the connection relationship between the terminal nodes according to the identity information and the list information in the response messages of all the terminal nodes, and constructs a network tree topology diagram of the central gateway and the terminal nodes, as shown in fig. 3. The connection relation between the terminal nodes in the network tree topology further comprises a signal intensity weight.
S4), the central gateway selects a cluster head node from each terminal node according to the network tree topology graph and the preset rule, and the construction of the first layer network and the second layer network is completed.
The preset rule for electing the cluster head node is as follows: determining a terminal node reaching a central gateway (directly connected with the central gateway) by one hop as a candidate cluster head node, sorting the candidate cluster head nodes in a descending order according to the signal strength weight of each candidate cluster head node, and sequentially identifying as a cluster head node C (M), wherein M is 1, … and M; wherein M is the number of candidate cluster head nodes; and respectively constructing each cluster head node and the terminal node adjacent to the cluster head node into a cluster, wherein M cluster head nodes are respectively constructed into M clusters. For example, a candidate cluster head node with the largest signal strength weight is elected as a first cluster head node C (1), and if there are N (1) terminal nodes adjacent to the cluster head node C (1), the cluster head node C (1) preferentially constructs a cluster with N (1) terminal nodes; by analogy, all candidate cluster head nodes are used as cluster head nodes, and a cluster with cluster head nodes C (m) corresponding to N (m) terminal nodes is respectively constructed.
And if the adjacent terminal nodes of the cluster head node of a certain cluster are all the cluster head nodes of other clusters, marking the cluster head node of the cluster as an empty cluster head node so as to ensure that all the terminal nodes which can reach the central gateway in one hop are selected as first-level cluster head nodes.
And counting whether the adjacent terminal nodes of all cluster head nodes except the empty cluster head node cover all terminal nodes, if so, indicating that all terminal nodes can reach the central gateway by one hop or reach the central gateway by two hops through the cluster head node. If the same terminal node (terminal node with the same identity information) exists in different clusters, determining which cluster head node the terminal node is allocated to according to the signal strength weight of the cluster head node of the cluster and the number of the terminal nodes in the cluster, and ensuring that each terminal node corresponds to a unique cluster head node during communication.
And counting whether the adjacent terminal nodes of all cluster head nodes except the empty cluster head node cover all terminal nodes, if not, the terminal nodes which can not directly reach the central gateway or the first-level cluster head node exist. If a terminal node W (i) without a cluster head node is available and the terminal node W (i) is adjacent to a terminal node T (j) which is already allocated to a primary cluster head node, the terminal node T (j) is selected as the cluster head node of the terminal node W (i) and the terminal node T (j) is used as a secondary cluster head node; in this way, among the remaining terminal nodes w (i) to which the cluster head node is not allocated, the allocated terminal node t (j) including the terminal node w (i) is selected as the secondary cluster head node, and all terminal nodes which cannot directly reach the primary cluster head node can be connected to the primary cluster head node through the secondary cluster head node. If there is a terminal node z (i) to which no cluster head node is allocated, and the terminal node z (i) has a neighboring terminal node x (j) already allocated to the secondary cluster head node, the terminal node x (j) is selected as the cluster head node of the terminal node z (i), and the terminal node x (j) is used as a tertiary cluster head node, and all terminal nodes which cannot directly reach the secondary cluster head node can be connected to the primary cluster head node through the tertiary cluster head node. And repeating the steps until all the terminal nodes can join the network or the number of the cluster head nodes exceeds the limit (for example, the number of the cluster head nodes is limited to k, and k is 5), and completing the construction of the first layer network and the second layer network.
According to the method for constructing the communication system of the Internet of things, the cluster head nodes are selected according to the preset rules in the process of initializing the terminal node networking, the number of multi-hop stages from the central gateway of the first-layer network to the cluster head nodes is ensured to be as small as possible, the number of hops between the central gateway and the cluster head nodes is reduced, the minimization of multi-hop routing is realized, the end-to-end time delay is greatly reduced, the throughput of the first-layer network is improved, and therefore the network transmission efficiency is improved. In addition, a second layer network formed by the cluster head nodes and the terminal nodes is a point-to-multipoint single-hop cellular network, and the single-hop cellular network supports data transmission modes of time division multiple access, frequency division multiple access, code division multiple access and combination modes thereof, so that the communication efficiency of the second layer network can be effectively improved, and therefore the second layer network can meet the communication requirement of a large number of terminal nodes on low time delay during high-frequency concurrent data transmission, and large-scale networking is facilitated.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, systems and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. An internet of things communication system, comprising: a first tier network and a second tier network;
the first layer network is a multi-hop network which is constructed by a central gateway and cluster head nodes and takes the central gateway as a root node;
the second layer network is a point-to-multipoint single-hop cellular network constructed by the cluster head nodes and the terminal nodes;
the cluster head nodes are selected from the terminal nodes according to preset rules and are used for gathering and forwarding data sent by the terminal nodes.
2. The communication system of internet of things of claim 1, wherein the terminal node and the cluster head node concurrently transmit data by using time division multiple access, frequency division multiple access, code division multiple access and a combination thereof.
3. The method for constructing the communication system of the internet of things as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the first layer network and the second layer network of the communication system of the internet of things are constructed by:
s1), the central gateway broadcasts a synchronization message to perform synchronization calibration on the terminal node;
s2), the central gateway broadcasts a network establishment message, judges the legality of the terminal node according to the response message of the terminal node, and performs network access registration on the legal terminal node;
s3) the central gateway learns the connection relation between the terminal nodes according to the response messages of all the terminal nodes, and constructs a network tree topology graph of the central gateway and the terminal nodes;
s4), the central gateway selects a cluster head node from each terminal node according to the network tree topology graph and the preset rule, and the construction of the first layer network and the second layer network is completed.
4. The method for constructing an internet of things communication system according to claim 3, wherein step S1) the central gateway broadcasts a synchronization message to perform synchronization calibration on the terminal node, and the method comprises:
and the central gateway broadcasts the synchronization message, and the terminal nodes broadcast the synchronization message to adjacent terminal nodes after receiving the synchronization message until all the terminal nodes receive the synchronization message, thereby completing the synchronization calibration of all the terminal nodes.
5. The method for constructing the communication system of the internet of things as claimed in claim 3, wherein the step S2) comprises:
the central gateway broadcasts a network establishment message, and the terminal nodes send a response message to the central gateway after receiving the network establishment message and forward the network establishment message to adjacent terminal nodes; the response message comprises the identity information of the terminal node and a list of neighboring terminal nodes, wherein the list comprises the identity information of the neighboring terminal nodes and the signal strengths of the neighboring terminal nodes;
and the central gateway judges the legality of the terminal node according to the identity information in the response message of the terminal node and registers the legal terminal node in a network.
6. The method for constructing an internet of things communication system according to claim 5, wherein the central gateway broadcasts a network establishment message, and the terminal node receives the network establishment message, sends a response message to the central gateway, and forwards the network establishment message to a neighboring terminal node, comprising:
after receiving the network establishing message, the terminal node firstly carries out carrier sense to confirm whether a channel is idle at the moment;
if the channel is idle, the terminal node sends a response message to the central gateway and forwards the networking message to the adjacent terminal node;
and if the channel is busy, the terminal node backs off, and sends a response message to the central gateway or forwards the networking message to the adjacent terminal node within preset time.
7. The method for constructing the communication system of the internet of things as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step S3) comprises:
the central gateway acquires the connection relation between the terminal nodes according to the identity information and the list information in the response messages of all the terminal nodes, and constructs a network tree topology graph of the central gateway and the terminal nodes; the connection relation between the terminal nodes in the network tree topology further comprises a signal intensity weight.
8. The method for constructing an internet of things communication system according to claim 7, wherein the preset rule for electing the cluster head node in step S4) includes:
determining a terminal node reaching a central gateway by one hop as a candidate cluster head node, sorting the candidate cluster head nodes in a descending order according to the signal strength weight of each candidate cluster head node, and sequentially identifying as a cluster head node C (M), wherein M is 1, … and M; wherein M is the number of candidate cluster head nodes;
respectively constructing each cluster head node and a terminal node adjacent to the cluster head node into a cluster, wherein M cluster head nodes are respectively constructed into M clusters;
and if the adjacent terminal nodes of the cluster head node of a certain cluster are all the cluster head nodes of other clusters, marking the cluster head node of the cluster as an empty cluster head node so as to ensure that all the terminal nodes which can reach the central gateway in one hop are selected as first-level cluster head nodes.
9. The method for constructing an internet of things communication system according to claim 8, wherein the preset rule for electing the cluster head node in step S4) further includes:
if the same terminal node exists in different clusters, determining which cluster head node the terminal node is allocated to according to the signal strength weight of the cluster head node of the cluster and the number of the terminal nodes in the cluster, and ensuring that each terminal node corresponds to a unique cluster head node during communication.
10. The method for constructing an internet of things communication system according to claim 9, wherein the preset rule for electing the cluster head node in step S4) further includes:
if a terminal node W (i) without a cluster head node is available and the terminal node W (i) is adjacent to a terminal node T (j) which is already allocated to a primary cluster head node, the terminal node T (j) is selected as the cluster head node of the terminal node W (i) and the terminal node T (j) is used as a secondary cluster head node;
if there is a terminal node z (i) to which no cluster head node is allocated, and the terminal node z (i) is a neighboring terminal node x (j) to which the secondary cluster head node is allocated, the terminal node x (j) is selected as the cluster head node of the terminal node z (i), and the terminal node x (j) serves as the tertiary cluster head node.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011133709.0A CN112105072B (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Internet of things communication system and construction method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011133709.0A CN112105072B (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Internet of things communication system and construction method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112105072A true CN112105072A (en) | 2020-12-18 |
| CN112105072B CN112105072B (en) | 2023-02-24 |
Family
ID=73784438
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011133709.0A Active CN112105072B (en) | 2020-10-21 | 2020-10-21 | Internet of things communication system and construction method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112105072B (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112702708A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-23 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method |
| CN114040473A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-11 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Clustering routing method for wireless sensor network |
| CN114500613A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-05-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | Online monitoring Internet of things system for power grid |
| WO2023184137A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Personal internet of things network architecture |
| CN117135585A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-11-28 | 中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所有限公司 | Wireless sensor network system |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201837878U (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2011-05-18 | 西北工业大学 | Greenhouse group wireless sensor network control system |
| CN102264146A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2011-11-30 | 浙江大学 | Time division multiple access/frequency division multiple access (TDMA/FDMA)-based wireless sensor network (WSN) medium access control (mac) layer scheduling method |
| CN102711210A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-03 | 广州市香港科大霍英东研究院 | Data collecting method based on wireless sensor network adopting dynamic clustering routing algorithm |
| CN104053175A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-17 | 安徽理工大学 | Internet of Things sensing layer topology control method |
| CN106304235A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of collaborative clustering routing communication means divided based on hierarchical region in WSN |
| CN106788729A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 西安电子科技大学 | Topology suitable for wireless light sensor network is formed and method for routing |
| CN107333314A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-07 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of wireless sense network cluster is built and its cluster head update method |
| CN108012249A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-08 | 河海大学 | A kind of sub-clustering chain wireless sensor network communication method |
| CN108632989A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-09 | 中山大学 | A kind of wireless sensor network consistency Distributed Time synchronous method |
| CN110278048A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-09-24 | 南京大学 | A kind of classification Ad Hoc network method for synchronizing time based on cluster algorithm |
-
2020
- 2020-10-21 CN CN202011133709.0A patent/CN112105072B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201837878U (en) * | 2010-08-19 | 2011-05-18 | 西北工业大学 | Greenhouse group wireless sensor network control system |
| CN102264146A (en) * | 2011-06-24 | 2011-11-30 | 浙江大学 | Time division multiple access/frequency division multiple access (TDMA/FDMA)-based wireless sensor network (WSN) medium access control (mac) layer scheduling method |
| CN102711210A (en) * | 2012-06-04 | 2012-10-03 | 广州市香港科大霍英东研究院 | Data collecting method based on wireless sensor network adopting dynamic clustering routing algorithm |
| CN104053175A (en) * | 2014-06-17 | 2014-09-17 | 安徽理工大学 | Internet of Things sensing layer topology control method |
| CN106304235A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-04 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of collaborative clustering routing communication means divided based on hierarchical region in WSN |
| CN106788729A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-31 | 西安电子科技大学 | Topology suitable for wireless light sensor network is formed and method for routing |
| CN107333314A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-11-07 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of wireless sense network cluster is built and its cluster head update method |
| CN108012249A (en) * | 2017-11-21 | 2018-05-08 | 河海大学 | A kind of sub-clustering chain wireless sensor network communication method |
| CN108632989A (en) * | 2018-05-15 | 2018-10-09 | 中山大学 | A kind of wireless sensor network consistency Distributed Time synchronous method |
| CN110278048A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-09-24 | 南京大学 | A kind of classification Ad Hoc network method for synchronizing time based on cluster algorithm |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 李菲菲: "WSN煤矿瓦斯浓度检测系统时间同步技术研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 信息科技辑》 * |
| 熊代金: "面向分簇无线传感网的最大一致性时间同步方法研究", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 信息科技辑》 * |
| 詹浩等: "基于波束成形天线的分簇时间同步算法", 《信息技术》 * |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112702708A (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2021-04-23 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method |
| CN112702708B (en) * | 2020-12-21 | 2022-07-08 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Substation radio frequency sensor ad hoc network data transmission method |
| CN114040473A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-02-11 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Clustering routing method for wireless sensor network |
| WO2023184137A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Personal internet of things network architecture |
| CN114500613A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-05-13 | 广东电网有限责任公司佛山供电局 | Online monitoring Internet of things system for power grid |
| CN117135585A (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2023-11-28 | 中国兵器装备集团自动化研究所有限公司 | Wireless sensor network system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112105072B (en) | 2023-02-24 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN112105072B (en) | Internet of things communication system and construction method thereof | |
| US9629063B2 (en) | Method and system for global topology discovery in multi-hop ad hoc networks | |
| CN106454984B (en) | Routing method and device | |
| Huang et al. | RC-MAC: A receiver-centric MAC protocol for event-driven wireless sensor networks | |
| Jawhar et al. | Quality of service routing in mobile ad hoc networks | |
| CN106686685B (en) | Multi-hop mobile wireless self-organizing network topology rapid discovery method | |
| US7450553B2 (en) | System and method for selecting beacon transmission starting point in communication system | |
| EP2319214B1 (en) | Enhanced formation of mesh-type networks | |
| Dezfouli et al. | DICSA: Distributed and concurrent link scheduling algorithm for data gathering in wireless sensor networks | |
| CN110167100A (en) | The selection method of relay node in a kind of Internet of Things | |
| CN105072586B (en) | To the management method of the forwarding of broadcast message in embedded radio self-organizing network | |
| KR101802967B1 (en) | Method and apparatus for configuring multi-hop network | |
| JP2009260720A (en) | Route control method, communication system and communication apparatus | |
| JP5788596B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for supporting multicast communication | |
| CN110418389A (en) | A kind of meter register method of energy measurement network | |
| KR101022607B1 (en) | Distributed coordination method for common control channel selection in multichannel ad-hoc cognitve radio | |
| CN110996266B (en) | Multicast group data transmission method of ad hoc network system | |
| CN108337671A (en) | Method for discovering equipment in a kind of mesh networks | |
| CN115665860B (en) | Unmanned aerial vehicle ad hoc network resource allocation method based on characteristics of waiting bird group | |
| CN102075864A (en) | MCDS (minimum connected dominating set)-based method for constructing delay limit multicast forwarding structure | |
| JP2019121906A (en) | Radio communication equipment, radio communication method, and computer program | |
| CN110139304B (en) | MPR set selection method based on isolation degree and non-MPR nodes | |
| Lu et al. | A dynamic token passing MAC protocol for mobile ad hoc networks | |
| KR101381807B1 (en) | Wireless ad hoc network system and method for setting multi-path thereof | |
| Chatterjee et al. | A cross-layer distributed TDMA scheduling for data gathering with minimum latency in wireless sensor networks |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address | ||
| CP03 | Change of name, title or address |
Address after: Room 903, convenience service center, Jiaodong sub district office, Jiaozhou City, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, 266300 Patentee after: Qingdao Zhixin Semiconductor Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100081 13th floor, Zhongguancun capital building, 62 Xueyuan South Road, Haidian District, Beijing Patentee before: State Grid Sigi Ziguang (Qingdao) Microelectronics Technology Co.,Ltd. |