CN112104281A - Permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM - Google Patents

Permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM Download PDF

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CN112104281A
CN112104281A CN202010856533.5A CN202010856533A CN112104281A CN 112104281 A CN112104281 A CN 112104281A CN 202010856533 A CN202010856533 A CN 202010856533A CN 112104281 A CN112104281 A CN 112104281A
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switching
period
harmonic
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control period
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刘琦
卜飞飞
马蓓佳
赵云
翁卢晖
李晨曦
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P21/00Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation
    • H02P21/05Arrangements or methods for the control of electric machines by vector control, e.g. by control of field orientation specially adapted for damping motor oscillations, e.g. for reducing hunting
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P25/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
    • H02P25/02Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
    • H02P25/022Synchronous motors
    • H02P25/024Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency
    • H02P25/026Synchronous motors controlled by supply frequency thereby detecting the rotor position
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P27/00Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
    • H02P27/04Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
    • H02P27/06Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
    • H02P27/08Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters with pulse width modulation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2207/00Indexing scheme relating to controlling arrangements characterised by the type of motor
    • H02P2207/05Synchronous machines, e.g. with permanent magnets or DC excitation

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  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Ac Motors In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction method based on harmonic wave selectivity elimination random SVPWM, and belongs to the technical field of power generation, power transformation or power distribution. The harmonic selective elimination technology calculates a specific sector where a reference voltage vector is located according to output parameters of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, so that duty ratios of all phases of switches of the three-phase inverter are obtained, and a formula for calculating switching periods in all control periods is obtained by offsetting front and back summation corresponding items in pulse width modulation pulse Fourier transform results. And obtaining the switching period in the current control period by utilizing the duty ratio in the current control period, the duty ratio and the switching period in the previous control period and combining random integers, thereby integrally eliminating the higher harmonics of the selected frequency. The method disclosed by the invention can further eliminate the harmonic at the natural frequency of the permanent magnet synchronous motor on the basis of the harmonic content at the traditional random SVPWM dispersed switching frequency and the frequency doubling position thereof, thereby avoiding the motor from generating strong resonance and effectively reducing the electromagnetic noise.

Description

Permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM
Technical Field
The invention discloses a permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic wave selectivity elimination random SVPWM, and belongs to the technical field of power generation, power transformation or power distribution.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, aerospace, ship propulsion and other technologies, a great amount of advanced electrical equipment is used, so that the defects caused by the traditional Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) technology are more and more concerned, and especially the electromagnetic compatibility becomes an important investigation index in the field of electric traffic. When the traditional SVPWM is adopted, a large amount of higher harmonics are generated at the switching frequency and integral multiples of the switching frequency by the output voltage, so that a large amount of electromagnetic noise and interference are brought, and the electromagnetic compatibility of a system is influenced.
The existing random SVPWM technology randomly changes parameters such as a switching signal period and a pulse position, so that harmonic Power originally concentrated at a switching frequency and an integral multiple thereof is uniformly distributed in a wide frequency range, thereby reducing a peak value in a Power Spectral Density (PSD) diagram, and the method is widely researched at present to effectively reduce electromagnetic vibration and noise.
The existing random SVPWM technology can be divided into random switching frequency modulation and random pulse position modulation, and two main research aspects are that firstly, a random constant is generated, and secondly, the switching period and the pulse position are determined. Compared with random pulse position modulation, when random switching frequency modulation is used for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM), PSD of the output line voltage of the motor is more uniform, and higher harmonics are randomly distributed in a wider frequency range.
The conventional random SVPWM technology can enable the original harmonic peak value to be uniformly distributed in a wide frequency range, but can not eliminate the harmonic equal to the natural frequency of the PMSM, and the harmonic equal to the natural frequency of the PMSM still generates obvious electromagnetic vibration and noise when resonating with the PMSM. The common specific subharmonic elimination pulse width modulation strategy can eliminate specific subharmonics, but mainly aims at low subharmonics, and the natural frequency of the motor is generally higher, so the method has no obvious effect on eliminating high-frequency harmonics at the natural frequency.
Aiming at the problem, the invention aims to further eliminate higher harmonics at a selected frequency under the condition that the harmonics concentrated at a switching frequency and integral multiples thereof are uniformly dispersed by a permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration damping and noise reduction method for selectively eliminating random SVPWM based on harmonics so as to better inhibit the PMSM resonance phenomenon and reduce electromagnetic noise.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic wave selective elimination random SVPWM (space vector pulse width modulation), which aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, improves the prior random SVPWM, and specifically calculates the switching period in each control period according to the Fourier transform theory by combining the output parameters of the motor so as to eliminate the higher harmonics with specific frequency, thereby solving the technical problem that the prior random modulation method can cause the motor to resonate so as to generate remarkable electromagnetic noise when being applied to PMSM (permanent magnet synchronous motor).
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the aim of the invention:
the permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic wave selective elimination random SVPWM comprises the following steps:
1. firstly, on the basis of deducing a switching period calculation formula according to a Fourier transform theory, offsetting front and rear terms of a general formula by aiming at enabling a polynomial at the harmonic frequency to be eliminated to be equal to 0 according to preset harmonic frequency to be eliminated;
2. then, dividing specific sectors according to a judgment formula by combining the three-phase current of the motor, the rotating speed of the rotor and the angle of the rotor;
3. then, according to the specific sector where the output voltage of the motor is considered, calculating the duty ratio D of the upper bridge arm switch of each phase in the control periodn+1
4. Then, calculating an effective integer range according to the duty ratio, randomly selecting a number from the effective integer range as a parameter for adjusting the average frequency of the inverter in a switching period calculation formula, substituting the parameter into the switching period calculation formula for eliminating a harmonic frequency item, calculating a switching period, judging whether the calculated switching period meets the conditions of the upper limit switching frequency and the lower limit switching frequency of the inverter, and if not, selecting another random number;
5. and finally, calculating the on-time of each bridge arm switch to generate a PWM signal, and simultaneously outputting a switch period calculation value and a duty ratio as the input of the next cycle calculation to calculate the switch period of the next control period.
Further, in the permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM, the specific method in the step 1 is as follows: fourier transform is carried out on the switching pulse signal, forward and backward addition and subtraction cancellation are carried out on harmonic waves with specific frequency, a calculation formula of a switching period is deduced, and the frequency of the harmonic waves to be eliminated is preset.
Still further, in the harmonic-selective-elimination-random-SVPWM-based permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration-damping and noise-reducing method, the specific method in the step 2 is as follows: clark and Park conversion is carried out on PMSM output parameters, voltage vector reference values are obtained after current inner ring and speed outer ring dual PI regulation and reverse Park conversion, and then the specific sector where the voltage vector is located in the current control period is judged according to a specific formula.
Still further, in the harmonic-selective-elimination-random-SVPWM-based permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration-damping and noise-reducing method, the specific method in the step 3 is as follows: determining the basic voltage vector of the synthesized voltage vector according to the judgment result of the specific sector obtained in the step two, and calculating the duty ratio of each basic voltage vector; then, the duty ratio of each phase is calculated according to the switching state of each phase forming the basic voltage vector, for example, when the phase falls into the first sector, the applied basic voltage vector is respectively U4(100) And U6(110) The duty ratio of the phase a switch is d1+d2B phase switching duty ratio is d2
Still further, based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM's PMSMIn the vibration reduction and noise reduction method, the specific method in the step 4 is as follows: calculating an effective integer range according to the duty ratio obtained in the step three, randomly selecting an integer from the effective integer range, substituting the selected integer into the step one, and calculating the switching period T of each phase of the inverter according to a formula obtained by Fourier transformn+1If the result is within the limited range of the switching frequency of the inverter, the next step is carried out; and if the result is not in the limited range, reselecting a random number for calculation until the condition is met.
Still further, in the harmonic-selective-elimination-random-SVPWM-based permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration-damping and noise-reducing method, the specific method in the step 5 is as follows: calculating the result T according to the switching period of each phase in the step 4n+1And step three, duty ratio results D of each phasen+1Calculating the conduction time of the upper bridge arm switch of each phase of the inverter, and outputting a PWM signal when the lower bridge arm and the upper bridge arm are opposite in state; the switching period and the duty ratio are output at the same time and are used as the input T of the next control period after being delayed by one control periodnAnd DnThe next switching period is calculated.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the Fourier transformation theory, a calculation formula of a switching period is obtained by offsetting front and rear items of a pulse width modulation pulse Fourier transformation result including harmonic frequency to be eliminated, in each control period, PMSM related output parameters pass through a current loop and a speed loop to obtain a voltage reference vector, then a specific sector is judged, the switching duty ratio of each phase is calculated, and finally the specific sector is substituted into the formula to obtain the switching period of each phase of the inverter in each control period, so that the random switching frequency in the adopted random SVPWM technology is determined, higher harmonics of the specified frequency in the voltage and the phase current of the output line of the inverter can be eliminated, the PMSM resonance phenomenon can be avoided, and electromagnetic noise is reduced.
(2) In the expression for determining the value range of the random integer, the random integer is inversely proportional to the upper limit and the lower limit of the switching frequency of the inverter, so that the average switching frequency of the inverter can be improved by selecting a smaller random integer k, and the method is simple in algorithm and convenient to adjust.
(3) The technology disclosed by the invention is a general technology and is suitable for three-phase and multi-phase motor driving systems.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration damping and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM.
Fig. 2 is a distribution diagram of basic voltage vectors of the three-phase inverter.
Fig. 3 is a state diagram of the three-phase switching operation when the voltage vector is in the first sector.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings.
A permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM is shown in figure 1, and firstly, PMSM output parameters including stator three-phase current, rotor speed and rotor angle are subjected to coordinate transformation to obtain a reference voltage vector uref(ii) a Then, judging the specific sector where the PMSM output voltage vector is located; next, the duty ratio of each phase switch is calculated.
The duty cycle of each phase switch is related to the specific sector in which the voltage vector is located in the current control period. Three bridge arms of the three-phase inverter have 6 switching tubes, all the three switching tubes can be combined into eight types, and the eight types comprise 6 non-zero vectors U1(001)、U2(010)、U3(011)、U4(100)、U5(101)、U6(110) And two zero vectors U0(000)、U7(111) They are distributed in the α - β coordinate system as shown in fig. 2. Taking the first sector as an example, when the reference voltage vector belongs to the first sector, the acting basic voltage vector is U4(100) And U6(110) Their duty cycles are respectively d1And d2
Figure BDA0002646540420000041
Figure BDA0002646540420000042
In the formulae (1) and (2), urefIs a reference voltage vector; n is a sector number, which should be 1; theta is an included angle between the reference voltage vector and the alpha axis.
U4(100) The switching-on of the upper bridge arm of the phase a and the switching-off of the upper bridge arms of the phases b and c are represented; u shape6(110) And the switching-on of the upper bridge arms of the phases a and b and the switching-off of the upper bridge arm of the phase c are represented. So that the duty ratio of the a-phase is d during the whole control period when the two basic voltage vectors act1+d2Duty ratio of b phase is d2And the duty ratio of the c-phase is 0 as shown in fig. 3. By analogy, the duty cycles of the switches of the phases are shown in table 1 when the reference voltage vector falls within the other sectors.
TABLE 1
Sector number Phase a Phase b c phase
1 d1+d2 d2 0
2 d1 d1+d 2 0
3 0 d1+d2 d2
4 0 d1 d1+d2
5 d2 0 d1+d2
6 d1+d2 0 d1
A valid integer range is then determined from the duty cycle,
Figure BDA0002646540420000051
Figure BDA0002646540420000052
that is to say that the first and second electrodes,
Figure BDA0002646540420000053
in the formulae (3), (4) and (5), DmaxAnd DminDuty cycle upper and lower limits, respectively; f. ofmaxAnd fminUpper and lower limits, respectively, of the instantaneous switching frequency of the inverter, which is generally the caseThe value is a preset value.
After the range of k is determined, a number is randomly selected from the k range and substituted into a formula (6) in combination with the duty ratio D of the current control periodn+1Switching period T from the previous control periodnDuty ratio D of the last control periodnThe calculation of the switching period of each phase is performed,
Figure BDA0002646540420000061
finally, combining the calculated switching period of each phase with the duty ratio thereof to generate a final PWM signal to drive the switch of the three-phase inverter; meanwhile, the duty ratio and the switching period of each phase are output as input parameters to calculate the next control period.

Claims (5)

1. The permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic wave selective elimination random SVPWM is characterized in that relevant items in a switching period calculation formula are eliminated after the harmonic wave frequency to be eliminated is determined, a random integer for adjusting the average switching frequency of an inverter is introduced into the switching period calculation formula to update the switching period calculation formula, the duty ratio of each phase of bridge arm switch in the current control period is calculated according to the sector to which the output voltage of the current control period of the permanent magnet synchronous motor belongs, the switching period in the current control period is calculated by adopting the updated switching period calculation formula, and the switching frequency in the current control period is used as the random switching frequency of the SVPWM.
2. The permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM of claim 1, characterized in that the method for updating the switching period calculation formula is as follows: after Fourier transform is carried out on the switching pulse, the front and rear terms of the general formula are counteracted by taking the polynomial at the position of the harmonic frequency to be eliminated equal to 0 as a target, and the updated switching period calculation formula is
Figure FDA0002646540410000011
Tn+1、TnA switching period being a current control period, a previous control period, Dn+1、DnThe duty ratio, f, of each phase of bridge arm switch in the current control period and the previous control period0For the harmonic frequencies to be eliminated, k is a random integer.
3. The permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM of claim 1, characterized in that the method for determining the value of random integer is: and determining the value range of the random integer according to the upper limit and the lower limit of the switching frequency of the inverter, selecting an integer from the value range to be introduced into an updated switching period calculation formula, and when the switching period in the current control period calculated by the updated switching period calculation formula meets the constraint of the upper limit and the lower limit of the instantaneous switching frequency of the inverter, the integer is the random integer for calculating the switching period in the current control period.
4. The permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration damping and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM of claim 2, characterized in that the duty ratio D of each phase bridge arm switch in the current control periodn+1After delayed sampling, the signal is used as D in a calculation formula of a switching period in the next control periodnSwitching period T of the current control periodn+1After delayed sampling, the signal is used as T in a calculation formula of a switching period in the next control periodn
5. The permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration and noise reduction method based on harmonic selective elimination random SVPWM of claim 3, characterized in that the value range of random integers is
Figure FDA0002646540410000012
k is a random integer, f0For the harmonic frequency to be eliminated, DmaxAnd DminThe upper limit and the lower limit of the duty ratio of each phase bridge arm switch, fmaxAnd fminRespectively, the upper limit and the lower limit of the instantaneous switching frequency of the inverter.
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CN112953332A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 江苏大学 Harmonic suppression common bus open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction control method
CN113241935A (en) * 2021-06-24 2021-08-10 辽宁工程技术大学 Random PWM selective harmonic elimination method for single-phase inverter
CN114019907A (en) * 2021-10-25 2022-02-08 安徽理工大学 Implementation method for eliminating self-excited vibration of linear feeding servo system

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Cited By (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112953332A (en) * 2021-01-29 2021-06-11 江苏大学 Harmonic suppression common bus open winding permanent magnet synchronous motor vibration reduction control method
CN113241935A (en) * 2021-06-24 2021-08-10 辽宁工程技术大学 Random PWM selective harmonic elimination method for single-phase inverter
CN114019907A (en) * 2021-10-25 2022-02-08 安徽理工大学 Implementation method for eliminating self-excited vibration of linear feeding servo system
CN114019907B (en) * 2021-10-25 2023-07-18 安徽理工大学 Realization method for eliminating self-excited vibration of linear feed servo system

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