CN112103663A - System for reducing influence of large-area metal ground on electrically small-size antenna directional diagram - Google Patents

System for reducing influence of large-area metal ground on electrically small-size antenna directional diagram Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112103663A
CN112103663A CN202010801467.1A CN202010801467A CN112103663A CN 112103663 A CN112103663 A CN 112103663A CN 202010801467 A CN202010801467 A CN 202010801467A CN 112103663 A CN112103663 A CN 112103663A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
antenna
metal ground
electrically small
size
small
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Pending
Application number
CN202010801467.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
褚慧
洪弘
朱晓华
李彧晟
孙理
顾陈
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Publication date
Application filed by Nanjing University of Science and Technology filed Critical Nanjing University of Science and Technology
Priority to CN202010801467.1A priority Critical patent/CN112103663A/en
Publication of CN112103663A publication Critical patent/CN112103663A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/28—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements
    • H01Q19/30—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using a secondary device in the form of two or more substantially straight conductive elements the primary active element being centre-fed and substantially straight, e.g. Yagi antenna

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  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a system for reducing the influence of a large-area metal ground on an electrically small-size antenna directional pattern, and belongs to the technical field of microwaves. The system comprises a first metal ground, an additional metal reflecting plate and an electrically small-sized antenna, wherein the first metal ground, the additional metal reflecting plate and the electrically small-sized antenna are stacked from bottom to top and are sequentially reduced in electrical size. According to the invention, another layer of additional small-size metal plate is inserted into a proper position between the large-area metal ground and the electrically small-size antenna, so that the influence of the large-area metal ground on the directional diagram of the electrically small antenna is greatly reduced, and the normally working of the electrically small antenna in the scene according to the design index becomes possible.

Description

System for reducing influence of large-area metal ground on electrically small-size antenna directional diagram
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwaves, and particularly relates to a system for reducing the influence of a large-area metal ground on an electrically small-size antenna directional pattern.
Background
Electrical size is measured using wavelength. Assuming that V is the propagation speed of the wave and f is the frequency of the wave, the wavelength λ is V/f, and it is obvious that the wavelength represents the distance that the wave propagates in the time of one period. If the physical dimension is L, then L and wavelength λ have a relative relationship of k L/y LV/f.
If we consider that the structure is electrically small when the physical size is smaller than one wavelength, i.e. k <1, and vice versa electrically large. It should be noted that this is only an approximate criterion.
An electrically small antenna has a relatively small number of radiators, so that the array factor determined by the number of radiators imposes less constraints on the pattern shape when the antenna radiates. This results in the radiation pattern of such antennas being highly susceptible to metal ground when a large area of metal ground is present near the antenna, such as when mounted on the top of a tank tower, deviating from the intended purpose, resulting in the antenna not operating properly.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solve the above problems in the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a system for reducing the influence of a large-area metal ground on an electrically small-sized antenna directional pattern based on an additional metal reflector structure, so that the electrically small antenna can normally operate according to design criteria in such a scenario.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a system for reducing the influence of a large-area metal ground on an electric small-size antenna directional diagram comprises a first metal ground, an additional metal reflecting plate and an electric small-size antenna, wherein the first metal ground, the additional metal reflecting plate and the electric small-size antenna are arranged in a stacked mode from bottom to top, and the electric sizes of the first metal ground and the additional metal reflecting plate are reduced in sequence.
Further, the electrical size of the first metal ground is larger than 10 lambda0×10λ0Wherein λ is0As in an antennaThe wavelength of electromagnetic waves in air at the core operating frequency.
Further, the additional metal reflector plate has an electrical dimension of λ0×λ0～4λ0×4λ0In the meantime.
Further, the electrical size of the electrically small antenna is smaller than λ0×λ0。
Further, the distance between the additional metal reflecting plate and the electrically small-sized antenna is lambda0/4。
Furthermore, the electrically small-sized antenna is a quasi-yagi antenna, and includes a radiator, a first director, a second director, a feeding area of the radiator, a second metal ground and a coaxial feeder, which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the second metal ground and the coaxial feeder are located on the back of the feeding area.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the additional metal reflecting plate is inserted between the large-area metal ground and the small-size antenna placed on the large-area metal ground, so that the additional metal reflecting plate becomes a main factor influencing the small-size antenna, the aim of greatly reducing the influence of the large-area metal ground on the radiation pattern of the small-size antenna is fulfilled, and the small-size antenna can normally work in the scene according to design indexes.
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional system architecture for influencing an electrically small antenna pattern in one embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention for influencing an electrically small antenna pattern in one embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of an electrically small antenna structure in one embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional design of the electrically small antenna of fig. 3 placed on a large area of metal ground in one embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the design of the present invention when the electrically small antenna shown in fig. 3 is placed on a large area of metal ground in one embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a graph comparing simulation results of the antennas of fig. 4 and 5.
Detailed Description
To facilitate an understanding of the invention, the invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
It should be noted that if directional indications such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … … are involved in the embodiment of the present invention, the directional indications are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, motion, and the like between the components in a specific posture as shown in the drawings, and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are changed accordingly.
In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In one embodiment, in conjunction with fig. 2, a system for reducing the influence of a large-area metal ground on an electrically small-sized antenna directional pattern is provided, and the system comprises a first metal ground 4, an additional metal reflector 5 and an electrically small-sized antenna 6 which are stacked from bottom to top and are sequentially reduced in electrical size. The electromagnetic wave 7 of the electrically small antenna 6 is shielded by the first metal ground 4 and can only radiate above the first metal ground 4. In contrast, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a conventional electrically small antenna disposed on a metal ground, which includes a large-area metal ground 1 and an electrically small antenna 2. The electromagnetic wave 3 of the electrically small antenna 2 is shielded by the metal ground 1 and can only be radiated above the metal ground 1.
Further preferably, in one of the embodiments, the electrical size of the first metal ground 4 is greater than 10 λ0×10λ0Wherein λ is0The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave in air at the central operating frequency of the antenna.
Further preferably, in one of the embodiments, the electrical size of the additional metal reflector plate 5 is λ0×λ0～4λ0×4λ0In the meantime.
Further preferably, in one of the embodiments, the electrically small antenna 6 has an electrical size smaller than λ0×λ0。
Further preferably, in one of the embodiments, the additional metal reflector 5 is spaced from the electrically small antenna 6 by a distance λ0/4。
Further preferably, in one embodiment, in combination with fig. 3, the electrically small-sized antenna 6 is a quasi-yagi antenna, and includes a radiator 8, a first director 9, a second director 10, a feeding area 11 of the radiator, and a second metal ground 12 and a coaxial feeding line 13 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and are located on the back of the feeding area 11.
Here, it is preferable that the length of the antenna radiator 8 is 11.1mm, and the lengths of the first director 9 and the second director 10 are both 5.5 mm. The total height of the feed region 11 of the radiator is 14.1 mm. The distance between the uppermost end of the back metal ground 12 of the feed area and the radiator 8 is 5.8mm, the distance between the radiator 8 and the first director 9 is 5mm, and the distance between the first director 9 and the second director 10 is also 5 mm. The operating frequency of the antenna is 8.5 GHz.
Fig. 4 shows an embodiment of the electrically small antenna of fig. 3 placed on a large-area metal ground 14 using a conventional design, wherein the large-area metal ground 14 is disposed at the interface of the coaxial feed 13 and the feed area back side metal ground 12 of fig. 2. The dimensions of the metal ground 14 are 300mm × 300 mm.
Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the electrically small antenna shown in fig. 3 when the antenna is placed on a large-area metal ground by using the method of the present invention, wherein a small-area metal ground 15 (i.e. an additional metal reflection plate) is disposed at the junction of the coaxial feed 13 and the feed area back side metal ground 12, and the size of the metal ground 15 is 100mm × 100 mm; a large-area metal ground 16 is arranged 10mm below the base, and the size of the metal ground 16 is 300mm multiplied by 300 mm.
Fig. 6 shows simulation results of the radiation patterns of the antennas shown in fig. 4 and 5. It can be seen that when the additional metal reflector is not adopted, the antenna is in the wave beam range of-30 degrees to +30 degrees, and the gain value in the directional diagram is greatly jittered, which exceeds 4.5dB, due to the influence of a large-area metal ground, so that the index requirement can not be met; and after the additional metal reflecting plate is adopted, the antenna is smoother in a wave beam range of-30 degrees to +30 degrees, and the highest gain value in the range of-30 degrees to +30 degrees is only 3dB lower than that in the range of-30 degrees to +30 degrees at the positions of-30 degrees and +30 degrees, so that the index requirement can be met.
According to the invention, an additional ground is introduced between the large-area metal ground and the electrically small-size antenna, so that the adverse effect of the large-area ground on the electrically small-size radiation pattern is greatly reduced, and the electrically small antenna can normally work in the scene according to design indexes.
It is understood that the above-mentioned various size parameters are only one optimized setting in the present embodiment, and should not be taken as a reason for limiting the scope of the present invention, and the various size parameters can be optimally configured according to actual situations.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The system is characterized by comprising a first metal ground (4), an additional metal reflecting plate (5) and an electric small-size antenna (6), wherein the first metal ground, the additional metal reflecting plate and the electric small-size antenna are stacked from bottom to top and are sequentially reduced in electric size.
2. System for reducing the impact of large area metal ground on electrically small size antenna pattern according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrical size of the first metal ground (4) is larger than 10 λ0×10λ0Wherein λ is0The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave in air at the central operating frequency of the antenna.
3. System for reducing the large area metallic impact on electrically small antenna patterns according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that the electrical size of the additional metallic reflector plate (5) is at λ0×λ0～4λ0×4λ0In the meantime.
4. System for reducing the large area metallic impact on electrically small antenna patterns according to claim 3 characterized in that the electrical size of the electrically small antenna (6) is smaller than λ0×λ0。
5. System for reducing the large area metallic impact on electrically small antenna patterns according to claim 1 characterized in that the additional metallic reflector plate (5) is at a distance λ from the electrically small antenna (6)0/4。
6. The system for reducing the large area metal ground to electrically small size antenna pattern impact according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrically small size antenna (6) is a quasi-yagi antenna comprising a radiator (8), a first director (9), a second director (10), a feed area (11) of the radiator, and a second metal ground (12) and a coaxial feed line (13) located behind the feed area (11) in this order from top to bottom.
CN202010801467.1A 2020-08-11 2020-08-11 System for reducing influence of large-area metal ground on electrically small-size antenna directional diagram Pending CN112103663A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010801467.1A CN112103663A (en) 2020-08-11 2020-08-11 System for reducing influence of large-area metal ground on electrically small-size antenna directional diagram

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010801467.1A CN112103663A (en) 2020-08-11 2020-08-11 System for reducing influence of large-area metal ground on electrically small-size antenna directional diagram

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103887599A (en) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-25 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 Antenna unit, multi-antenna assembly, and wireless interconnection device
CN107658555A (en) * 2017-08-29 2018-02-02 湖南湖大华龙电气与信息技术有限公司 Stepped construction yagi aerial for UWB ultra-wideband communications
CN110600865A (en) * 2019-08-02 2019-12-20 广东工业大学 High-gain miniaturized helical antenna

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103887599A (en) * 2012-12-19 2014-06-25 深圳光启创新技术有限公司 Antenna unit, multi-antenna assembly, and wireless interconnection device
CN107658555A (en) * 2017-08-29 2018-02-02 湖南湖大华龙电气与信息技术有限公司 Stepped construction yagi aerial for UWB ultra-wideband communications
CN110600865A (en) * 2019-08-02 2019-12-20 广东工业大学 High-gain miniaturized helical antenna

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Application publication date: 20201218