CN112100483A - Association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weight - Google Patents

Association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weight Download PDF

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CN112100483A
CN112100483A CN202010788400.9A CN202010788400A CN112100483A CN 112100483 A CN112100483 A CN 112100483A CN 202010788400 A CN202010788400 A CN 202010788400A CN 112100483 A CN112100483 A CN 112100483A
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CN112100483B (en
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毋涛
郑文靖
杜守信
王婷
赵鑫
姚艳
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Xian Polytechnic University
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    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F16/90Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/95Retrieval from the web
    • G06F16/953Querying, e.g. by the use of web search engines
    • G06F16/9535Search customisation based on user profiles and personalisation
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/20Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
    • G06F16/24Querying
    • G06F16/245Query processing
    • G06F16/2458Special types of queries, e.g. statistical queries, fuzzy queries or distributed queries
    • G06F16/2465Query processing support for facilitating data mining operations in structured databases
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F16/00Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
    • G06F16/90Details of database functions independent of the retrieved data types
    • G06F16/901Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
    • G06F16/9027Trees
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Abstract

The invention discloses an association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights, which is implemented according to the following steps: step 1, constructing a scoring matrix of a user and a customized project; step 2, calculating the interest weight of the user on the customized content; step 3, constructing a UIFP-tree according to the user customized content interest weight; and 4, mining the frequent pattern of the UIFP-tree to obtain a frequent item combination, and recommending the frequent item combination to the user. According to the invention, through fusing the user interest weight, the obtained customized content rule more retains the preference of the user, a large number of meaningless rules are filtered, the data mining efficiency is improved, and the finally obtained strong association rule has practical application value.

Description

Association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weight
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of customized content association rule recommendation, and relates to an association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights.
Background
In recent years, association rule mining algorithms are widely applied to the field of recommendation, and by analyzing data, association between the data is found, and recommendation is realized by using association rules. The clothing customized content recommendation is based on a clothing style, and a customized content combination with a specific rule is mined and recommended to a user according to related order information of a certain clothing style. The traditional FP-growth association rule algorithm only uses the minimum support degree as a filtering and screening standard of an item set in a transaction database, in the recommendation process, the support degree and the confidence degree are two thresholds which are frequently applied in the traditional association rule algorithm, but sometimes strong association rules with high support degree and high confidence degree have no practical application value, particularly in the field of e-commerce, a preference rule obtained according to user subjective scoring is more valuable, and the preference is easily filtered by using the traditional FP-growth association rule algorithm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights, and solves the problems that in the prior art, the association rule recommendation efficiency is low, and the recommendation result is inaccurate.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is that an association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, constructing a scoring matrix of a user and a customized project;
step 2, calculating the interest weight of the user on the customized content;
step 3, constructing a UIFP-tree according to the user customized content interest weight;
and 4, mining the frequent pattern of the UIFP-tree to obtain a frequent item combination, and recommending the frequent item combination to the user.
The invention is also characterized in that:
the step 1 is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1.1, if the set system item has K items, the customized content is indicated as content, and the customized combination is indicated as item ═ content1,content2,......,contentk};
Step 1.2, n user customized combinations and m users are set, and the user customized combinations are expressed as I ═ item1,item2,......,itemnUser is expressed as U ═ user }1,user2,......,userm};
And 1.3, building a rating matrix of the user and the customized project according to the historical rating of the user on the customized project.
Step 1.3 specifically includes preprocessing the commonly used 5-star user scores, setting all the scores from 0 to 3 as 0, representing that the current customized combination is not favored, setting all the scores from 4 to 5 as 1, representing that the current customized combination is favored, and expressing the score matrixes of the users and the customized items as follows:
Figure BDA0002622887960000021
wherein ,Ri,j(i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m, j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n) represents the useriCombining items for customizationjThe score of (1).
Step 2 is to set the content to include n choices, the content being { option }1,option2,......,optionnIf user }, ifiCombining items for customized contentjIs scored as 1, then itemjThe option corresponding to each customized content score in the customized content score is 1, and the customized content interest weight is as follows:
Figure BDA0002622887960000031
wherein ,
Figure BDA0002622887960000032
represents the number of users having a rating value of 1 for the customized content, | U | represents the total number of users.
Step 3 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 3.1, scanning a transaction database D, and solving a frequent item set F which meets the minimum support degree count min _ sup in the database D;
step 3.2, solving all the weights W meeting the user customized content interestingness in the set FiMin _ u or moreoptionA set W of (A);
3.3, sorting the set W in a descending order according to the support degree, recording the result as a table L, creating a UIFP-tree root node, recording the UIFP-tree root node as root, and recording the root node as NULL;
and 3.4, inserting a node under the root node to obtain the UIFP-tree.
Step 3.4 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 3.4.1, satisfy min _ u in each transactionoptionIs ordered in the order in L, and the ordered list is denoted as [ P | P]Where P is the first element and P is the table of the remaining elements;
step 3.4.2, invoke an Insert _ tree ([ P | P ], T).
Step 4 is specifically implemented according to the following steps:
step 4.1, obtaining a conditional mode base, starting from a leaf node of the UIFP-tree, obtaining a prefix path of each node from bottom to top, and replacing the support degree count with the support degree count of the current node;
step 4.2, constructing a conditional FP tree by using a conditional mode base, recursively calling a tree structure, deleting nodes smaller than the minimum support degree, and directly listing all combinations, namely frequent item combinations, if the tree structure of a single path is finally presented; if the tree structure of the non-single path is finally presented, the tree structure is continuously called until the tree structure of the single path is formed;
and 4.3, repeating the step 4.1 and the step 4.2 until the tree only contains one element, namely the frequent item combination finally recommended to the user.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the traditional FP-growth algorithm, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the user interest weight is fused, more user preferences are kept in the obtained clothing customization content rules, a large number of meaningless rules are filtered, the data mining efficiency is improved, and the finally obtained strong association rules have actual application values
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a tree diagram of frequent patterns filtered by the minimum support and the user interest weight in the association rule recommendation method with the user interest weight fused according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison experiment result of the algorithm running time of the UIFP-growth algorithm and the existing FP-growth algorithm under different minimum support degrees;
FIG. 3 is a comparison graph of the number of excavation results of the UIFP-growth algorithm adopted by the present invention and the existing FP-growth algorithm under different minimum support degrees;
FIG. 4 is a diagram comparing the running time of the UIFP-growth algorithm adopted by the present invention with the existing FP-growth algorithm under different transaction numbers.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to an association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights, which is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, constructing a scoring matrix of a user and a customized project; the method is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1.1, all the customizable contents of a certain clothing style have k items, and the customizable contents comprise: the customized content is expressed as content, and the customized combination is expressed as item ═ content { (content)1,content2,......,contentk};
Step 1.2, assuming that a certain clothing style has n user-customized combinations and m users, the user-customized combination is expressed as I ═ item ═ m1,item2,......,itemnUser is expressed as U ═ user }1,user2,......,userm};
Step 1.3, building a rating matrix of the user and the customized project according to the historical rating of the user on the customized project; preprocessing the commonly used 5-star user scores, setting all the scores of 0-3 as 0 to represent that the current customized combination is disliked, setting all the scores of 4-5 as 1 to represent that the current customized combination is liked, and expressing the score matrixes of the users and the customized items as follows:
Figure BDA0002622887960000051
wherein ,Ri,j(i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m, j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n) represents the useriCombining items for customizationjScoring of (4);
step 2, calculating the interest weight of the user on the customized content; setting a customized content to contain n choices, content ═ option1,option2,......,optionnIf user }, ifiCombining items for customized contentjIs scored as 1, then itemjThe option corresponding to each customized content score in (1), and the user-customized content interest score is shown in table 1;
TABLE 1 user-customized content interest Scoring
Figure BDA0002622887960000052
The customized content option weight is set to find out items which can better describe the user interest, and the customized content interest weight is as follows:
Figure BDA0002622887960000061
wherein ,
Figure BDA0002622887960000062
the number of users with the rating value of 1 of the customized content is represented, and the total number of the users is represented by U |; the higher W indicates that the user is more interested in the content, and the lower W indicates that the user is less interested in the content, particularly
Figure BDA0002622887960000063
When all users have selected the itemThe content, namely the interestingness of the content to all users is not different;
step 3, constructing a UIFP-tree according to the user customized content interest weight; the method is implemented according to the following steps:
step 3.1, scanning a transaction database D, and solving a frequent item set F which meets the minimum support degree count min _ sup in the database D;
step 3.2, solving all the weights W meeting the user customized content interestingness in the set FiMin _ u or moreoptionA set W of (A);
3.3, sorting the set W in a descending order according to the support degree, recording the result as a table L, creating a UIFP-tree root node, recording the UIFP-tree root node as root, and recording the root node as NULL;
step 3.4, inserting nodes under the root node to obtain a UIFP-tree; the method is implemented according to the following steps:
step 3.4.1, satisfy min _ u in each transactionoptionIs ordered in the order in L, and the ordered list is denoted as [ P | P]Where P is the first element and P is the table of the remaining elements;
step 3.4.2, call Insert _ tree ([ P | P ], T);
the Insert _ tree comprises the following specific steps:
1) if T has a child N such that the N. item name is p. item name, then the count of N is incremented by 1;
2) otherwise, creating a new node N, setting the count of the new node N to 1, and linking to the parent node T of the new node N;
3) linking the nodes of N to nodes having the same item name through a node chain structure;
4) if P is not empty, recursively invoke an Insert _ Tree ([ Q | Q ], N), where Q is one element in P and Q is a table of remaining elements;
step 4, carrying out frequent pattern mining on the UIFP-tree to obtain a frequent item combination, and recommending the frequent item combination to a user; the method is implemented according to the following steps:
step 4.1, obtaining a conditional mode base, starting from a leaf node of the UIFP-tree, obtaining a prefix path of each node from bottom to top, and replacing the support degree count with the support degree count of the current node;
step 4.2, constructing a conditional FP tree by using a conditional mode base, recursively calling a tree structure, deleting nodes smaller than the minimum support degree, and directly listing all combinations, namely frequent item combinations, if the tree structure of a single path is finally presented; if the tree structure of the non-single path is finally presented, the tree structure is continuously called until the tree structure of the single path is formed;
and 4.3, repeating the step 4.1 and the step 4.2 until the tree only contains one element, namely the frequent item combination finally recommended to the user.
Examples
Taking suit customization as an example, the application of the method in the recommendation of the clothing customized content is analyzed in detail, and according to the research on the customized content of a certain style of suit, the name and parameters of the customized content are shown in table 2:
table 2 customized content for western style clothes
Figure BDA0002622887960000071
Figure BDA0002622887960000081
According to the research on the customized content of the suit with a certain style, part of experimental data are extracted for specific analysis, and a data set is shown in table 3:
TABLE 3 data set
Figure BDA0002622887960000082
Assuming that the minimum support count is min _ sup-3, min _ u option1/3, parameterize the data in the dataset and scan the database once, and the results are shown in table 4:
TABLE 4 transaction database D and filtered sorted items
Figure BDA0002622887960000083
The process of mining frequent items of the transaction database D is as follows:
(1) deriving a frequent item set;
for the 1 st scan of the database, derive the frequent 1-term set F ═ L1:5, N1:5, E1:3, F1:3, D1: 3;
(2) finding all item sets satisfying the minimum customized content interestingness weight;
solving for set F where all customized content interest weights are greater than min _ uoptionAnd performing descending sorting according to the support degree to obtain a sorted set L. Then the interestingness weights for each of F are F ═ L1:3/7, N1:4/7, E1:3/7, F1:3/7, D1:2/7]Since the interestingness weight of D1 is below the threshold min _ uoptionThus, when D1 is clipped, L ═ L1:5, N1:5, E1:3, F1:3]The set of frequent items in each transaction that meet the minimum interestingness weight is shown in table 5:
TABLE 5 frequent item set satisfying minimum interestingness weight
Figure BDA0002622887960000091
(1) Constructing a UIFP-tree;
creating a root node of the tree, which is marked as root and has a value of "NULL", scanning the transaction database D again, creating a branch for each transaction, and for the first transaction "T1: L1, N1, E1, F1" in the transaction database, for the first branch of the tree < (L1:1), (N1:1), (E1:1), (F1:1) >, for the second transaction, since it is identical to the first transaction, each node count is increased by 1, for the third transaction, since its frequent entry table < L1> shares the existing branch path < L1, N1, E1, F1> prefix path < L1>, the node < L1> in the prefix path is increased by 1, if there is a new node, only creating a new link later, and so on, resulting in a frequent pattern tree as shown in fig. 2, (2) mining-owp;
according to the FP-growth algorithm, the UIFP-tree shown in FIG. 2 is mined as follows: firstly, searching the item head table according to the bottom-up sequence, finding the last item F1 in the item head table, and finding two branches where the item F1 is located according to the node chain of F1: < L1:3, N1:2, E1:2, F1:2> and < L1:3, E1:1, F1:1>, it can be seen that prefix paths of F1 are < L1, E1, N1:2> and < L1, E1:1>, which constitute the conditional pattern base of F1, for such a sub-database, a conditional frequent pattern tree is established, the conditional frequent pattern tree of F1 contains only nodes < L1, E1> and does not contain node < N1>, because the number of supported nodes of N1 is less than the minimum number of supported 3, so node N1 is filtered out, the resulting set of frequent items is { (F1:3), (L1, F1:3), (E1, F1:3), (L1, E1, F1:3), and so on the result table is as shown in the mining of frequent pattern pairs.
TABLE 6 UIFP-growth mining results
Figure BDA0002622887960000101
The experimental data of the invention come from a background database of a negara garment customization mall, all user customization combinations under a certain suit style are derived from the background database, and 2000 pieces of customization information are used as a test data set; the hardware environment for the experiment was: windows10, memory 8G, CPUi7-8550, the software environment is: python version 3.6.3, PyCharm integration environment; in order to verify the effectiveness of the UIFP-growth algorithm, the invention compares the UIFP-growth algorithm with the following three aspects:
1) the comparison experiment results of the algorithm running time under different minimum support degrees are shown in FIG. 2;
it can be seen from fig. 2 that, under different minimum support degrees, the UIFP-growth algorithm is shorter than the FP-growth algorithm in running time, the mining efficiency is higher, the FP-growth algorithm running time gradually decreases with the increase of the minimum support degree, and the UIFP-growth algorithm running time is dependent on the minimum support degree and a given user-customized content interest weight threshold value min _ uoptionGradually decreases when the minimum support and min _ uoptionWhen it is greater than 0.3, calculateThe run time of the method does not change significantly, so when the minimum support and min _ uoptionWhen the value is 0.3, the mining result efficiency is higher, and the result is more meaningful;
2) the comparative experiment of the quantity of excavation results under different minimum support degrees is shown in FIG. 3;
it can be seen from fig. 3 that the number of mining results of the UIFP-growth algorithm under the same minimum support degree is smaller than that of the FP-growth algorithm, the number of mining results by using the FP-growth algorithm is gradually reduced with the increase of the minimum support degree, and the UIFP-growth algorithm is associated with the given minimum support degree and the user customized content interest weight min _ uoptionThe mining result is gradually reduced, and the mining result is less than the FP-growth algorithm under different minimum support degrees, because the UIFP-growth algorithm filters the interest degree weight on the basis of the minimum support degree in the mining process, certain meaningless rules are reduced, and the mining result is more meaningful;
3) in the case that the minimum support and the customized content interest weight are both 0.3, the UIFP-growth algorithm and the FP-growth algorithm run time pairs under different transaction numbers, as shown in fig. 4;
it can be seen from fig. 4 that the running time of the UIFP-growth algorithm is lower than that of the FP-growth algorithm when mining is performed in the same number of transactions, and as the number of database transactions increases, the running times of the FP-growth algorithm and the UIFP-growth algorithm both increase, but the growth speed of the UIFP-growth algorithm is slower, so that the UIFP-growth algorithm has shorter mining time and better performance than the FP-growth algorithm.

Claims (7)

1. A recommendation method for association rules fusing user interest weights is characterized by being implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, constructing a scoring matrix of a user and a customized project;
step 2, calculating the interest weight of the user on the customized content;
step 3, constructing a UIFP-tree according to the user customized content interest weight;
and 4, mining the frequent pattern of the UIFP-tree to obtain a frequent item combination, and recommending the frequent item combination to the user.
2. The association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights according to claim 1, wherein the step 1 is implemented specifically according to the following steps:
step 1.1, if the set system item has K items, the customized content is indicated as content, and the customized combination is indicated as item ═ content1,content2,......,contentk};
Step 1.2, n user customized combinations and m users are set, and the user customized combinations are expressed as I ═ item1,item2,......,itemnUser is expressed as U ═ user }1,user2,......,userm};
And 1.3, building a rating matrix of the user and the customized project according to the historical rating of the user on the customized project.
3. The association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights according to claim 2, wherein the step 1.3 specifically comprises preprocessing a commonly used 5-star user score, setting all scores 0-3 as 0, representing that the current customized combination is not favored, setting all scores 4-5 as 1, representing that the current customized combination is favored, and expressing a score matrix of the user and the customized item as:
Figure FDA0002622887950000021
wherein ,Ri,j(i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to m, j is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to n) represents the useriCombining items for customizationjThe score of (1).
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 2 is specifically configured to set the content to include n choices, the content ═ option [ [ option ] ], and the method is further characterized in that1,option2,......,optionnIf user }, ifiCombining items for customized contentjIs scored as 1, then itemjThe option corresponding to each customized content score in the customized content score is 1, and the customized content interest weight is as follows:
Figure FDA0002622887950000022
wherein ,
Figure FDA0002622887950000023
represents the number of users having a rating value of 1 for the customized content, | U | represents the total number of users.
5. The association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights according to claim 1, wherein the step 3 is implemented specifically according to the following steps:
step 3.1, scanning a transaction database D, and solving a frequent item set F which meets the minimum support degree count min _ sup in the database D;
step 3.2, solving all the weights W meeting the user customized content interestingness in the set FiMin _ u or moreoptionA set W of (A);
3.3, sorting the set W in a descending order according to the support degree, recording the result as a table L, creating FP-tree root nodes, recording the FP-tree root nodes as roots, and recording the root nodes as NULL;
and 3.4, inserting a node under the root node to obtain the UIFP-tree.
6. The association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights according to claim 5, wherein the step 3.4 is implemented according to the following steps:
step 3.4.1, satisfy min _ u in each transactionoptionIs ordered in the order in L, and the ordered list is denoted as [ P | P]Where P is the first element and P is the table of the remaining elements;
step 3.4.2, invoke an Insert _ tree ([ P | P ], T).
7. The association rule recommendation method fusing user interest weights according to claim 1, wherein the step 4 is implemented specifically according to the following steps:
step 4.1, obtaining a conditional mode base, starting from a leaf node of the UIFP-tree, obtaining a prefix path of each node from bottom to top, and replacing the support degree count with the support degree count of the current node;
step 4.2, constructing a conditional FP tree by using a conditional mode base, recursively calling a tree structure, deleting nodes smaller than the minimum support degree, and directly listing all combinations, namely frequent item combinations, if the tree structure of a single path is finally presented; if the tree structure of the non-single path is finally presented, the tree structure is continuously called until the tree structure of the single path is formed;
and 4.3, repeating the step 4.1 and the step 4.2 until the tree only contains one element, namely the frequent item combination finally recommended to the user.
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