CN112097229B - Steam generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of steam power, and discloses a steam generator, which comprises: the shell is provided with a water inlet, and water is filled into the inner cavity of the shell through the water inlet; the heat exchange tube is arranged in the shell and is used for introducing high-temperature gas from the outside of the shell through a gas inlet to heat water into steam; the housing is provided with at least one outlet to output steam formed inside the housing. The high-temperature flue gas lets in and heats the heat exchange tube through the mode of heat transfer in the heat exchange tube, and the outer wall and the water contact of heat exchange tube heat the steam of water heating, and the steam after the heating further heats then discharges from the export through the outer wall of heat exchange tube to replace evaporimeter, over heater and economizer to carry out the operation, reduce area.

Description

Steam generator

Technical Field

The embodiment of the invention relates to the field of steam power, in particular to a steam generator.

Background

Steam generators are mechanical devices that utilize the heat energy of a fuel or other energy source to heat water into steam. The general steam generator is applied to the normal pressure combustion environment, namely the pressure of a combustion chamber and flue gas is normal pressure, micro positive pressure or micro negative pressure, and the general steam generator can not be used in the high-pressure flue gas and high back pressure exhaust environment of the underwater vehicle adopting the closed circulation steam turbine system. The conventional steam generator is formed by the split arrangement of an evaporator, a superheater and an economizer, occupies a large area and cannot be compactly arranged.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a steam generator, which solves the problem of large occupied area in the prior art.

The present invention provides a steam generator, comprising: a shell and a heat exchange tube;

the shell is provided with a water inlet through which water is filled into the inner cavity of the shell;

the heat exchange tube is arranged in the shell and is used for introducing high-temperature gas from the outside of the shell through the gas inlet to heat water into steam;

the housing is provided with at least one outlet for outputting steam formed inside the housing.

High-temperature gas enters the shell through the heat exchange tube to flow, and exchanges heat with water in the shell in the flowing process to heat the water in the shell into steam, and the steam is discharged from the outlet and then provides power for a steam turbine or other equipment outside.

Further, a superheated steam cavity is arranged in the shell; the cavity section of the superheated steam cavity is annular; the superheated steam cavity is provided with a saturated steam inlet which is higher than the water level in the shell; at least part of the heat exchange pipe is positioned in the superheated steam cavity, and the saturated steam is reheated in the superheated steam cavity to form superheated steam; the superheated steam is output to the outside of the housing through the superheated steam outlet.

The high-temperature gas in a part of heat exchange tubes in the superheated steam cavity has higher temperature, saturated steam is heated into superheated steam through the higher temperature, and the superheated steam is discharged through a superheated steam outlet so as to drive a steam turbine to generate power.

Further, the heat exchange tube comprises a plurality of pipelines which are communicated in sequence or in parallel; the plurality of pipelines at least partially form a steam generation cavity with the shell, the steam generation cavity is communicated with the superheated steam cavity through a saturated steam inlet, and the plurality of pipelines heat water in the steam generation cavity into steam through high-temperature gas.

The saturated steam in the superheated steam chamber is heated before the gas passes through the tubes so that a portion of the heat is lost while the temperature of the gas remains high. The gas exchanges heat with the water in the steam generating cavity through the pipeline to heat the water into steam.

Further, a saturated steam cavity is formed above the water level in the shell and between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube and the shell; the saturated steam cavity is positioned between the steam generating cavity and the superheated steam cavity and is respectively communicated with the steam generating cavity and the superheated steam cavity; the saturated steam cavity stores steam;

the outlet includes a saturated steam outlet that delivers saturated steam within the saturated steam cavity to an exterior of the housing.

The saturated steam cavity is used for storing steam generated by the steam generation cavity, wherein one path of the saturated steam cavity is communicated with external equipment through a saturated steam outlet to provide a power source for the external equipment. Such as: an air conditioner. The other path provides saturated steam to the superheated steam cavity through the supersaturated steam inlet.

Further, still include: a steam orifice plate;

the steam pore plate is provided with a plurality of through holes; the steam hole plate is covered on the steam generating cavity and is higher than the water level in the shell;

the vapor-liquid two-phase mixture in the vapor generation cavity overflows the vapor through the through holes of the vapor pore plate.

Further, a preheating cavity is arranged in the shell; the section of the preheating cavity is annular; the water inlet is positioned at the lower part of the shell and is communicated with the preheating cavity, the heat exchange tube is at least partially positioned in the preheating cavity, and water flows through the preheating cavity through the water inlet to be preheated.

The temperature of the gas is further reduced after the gas exchanges heat with the water in the steam generation cavity, but the temperature of the gas is higher than the initial temperature of the water. In order to improve the heat efficiency, a portion of the heat exchange pipe is disposed in the preheating chamber, thereby preheating the water.

Furthermore, the preheating cavity is mutually isolated from the superheated steam cavity, and the preheating cavity is positioned below the superheated steam cavity.

Further, the preheating chamber is communicated with the water descending ring chamber through a first connecting pipe located outside the shell.

Further, the outer wall of the preheating cavity, the outer wall of the superheated steam cavity and the shell form a water descending ring cavity; the water descending ring cavity connects the preheating cavity with the steam generating cavity. The preheated hot water enters the steam generation cavity through the water descending ring cavity.

Because preheat the chamber and keep apart each other with superheated steam chamber, consequently preheat the water of intracavity and enter into water decline ring intracavity through first connecting pipe, flow into steam generation chamber then and become steam.

Furthermore, the saturated steam inlet is of a structure with the section gradually reduced from the steam inlet side to the hot steam cavity side, so that the saturated steam can enter the superheated steam cavity, liquid drops are prevented from entering the steam generating cavity, and steam-liquid separation equipment is omitted.

Further, a gas inlet of the heat exchange tube is positioned in the middle of the shell, and the part of the heat exchange tube close to the gas inlet is positioned in the superheated steam cavity.

Further, a gas outlet of the heat exchange tube is positioned at the lower part of the shell, and the part of the heat exchange tube close to the gas outlet is positioned in the preheating cavity.

Further, the heat exchange pipe located in the superheated steam chamber includes: the annular seal comprises a first annular chamber and a second annular chamber, wherein the first annular chamber is positioned below the second annular chamber, and the first annular chamber is communicated with the second annular chamber through at least one group of a plurality of annularly distributed channels.

When high-temperature gas enters the heat exchange tube, the pressure is high, and the flow rate is unstable. Therefore, the heat exchange pipe is provided with

The first annular chamber and the second annular chamber stabilize and stabilize the high temperature.

Further, the heat exchange tube comprises a third chamber, the third chamber is located in the saturated steam cavity, and the third chamber is communicated with the second annular chamber.

The second annular chamber is linked together through many connecting tubes and third chamber, and gas gets into the third chamber through many connecting tubes, and the third chamber converges gas in order to carry out the stationary flow to gas, prevents the bias current phenomenon.

Further, a fourth chamber is arranged at the bottom of the shell and is positioned below the third chamber; the fourth chamber is communicated with the third chamber through a pipeline.

A plurality of pipelines penetrate through the steam generation cavity to enable the third cavity to be communicated with the fourth cavity, so that the contact area of the heat exchange pipe and water is increased, and more steam is generated. The purpose of the fourth chamber is to converge and stabilize the gas flowing through the pipe.

Further, the heat exchange pipe includes: the second annular chamber is positioned above the third annular chamber, and the second annular chamber is communicated with the third annular chamber through at least one group of annularly distributed multiple channels; the fifth annular chamber is communicated with the fourth chamber through a second connecting pipe positioned outside the shell; the sixth annular chamber is communicated with the gas outlet of the heat exchange tube.

The purpose of the fifth annular chamber and the sixth annular chamber is to stabilize the gas and to preheat the water in the preheating chamber.

Further, the heat exchange tube and the shell are made of steel materials for the steam pocket. The bearing capacity of the heat exchange tube and the shell is improved, and superheated steam and saturated steam with higher pressure are generated conveniently.

Further, still include: a liquid level sensor and/or a pressure sensor and/or a temperature sensor;

the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the water level in the shell;

the temperature sensor is used for detecting the water temperature in the shell;

the pressure sensor is used for detecting the water pressure in the shell.

Wherein, the operating condition who sets up level sensor, temperature sensor and pressure sensor's aim at monitoring steam generator in time maintains steam generator when steam generator appears unusually.

The steam generator of the invention has at least one of the following beneficial effects;

1. smoke flows through the pipe, an evaporation process is formed in the cavity, vapor-liquid two-phase through flow is optimized, and the energy density is high;

2. the vast majority of the heat exchange tubes are positioned in the shell, so that the heat dissipation loss is reduced;

3. saturated water and preheated water are thermally isolated. The design of heat preservation and insulation of the traditional steam generator is avoided, and meanwhile, the factor of damaging natural circulation caused by heating in the descending process is eliminated. The liquid level is accurately controlled, and saturated steam generation is realized;

4. the processes of water preheating, saturated steam generation, superheated steam generation and the like are highly integrated in a cylindrical pressure container. The volume of the equipment is greatly reduced, the structure is compact, and the intensive equipment application in special industries is facilitated.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a steam generator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a steam generator according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a steam generator according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of an overall structure of a steam generator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numbers in the figures:

1. a housing; 101. a water inlet; 102. a superheated steam chamber; 103. a saturated steam inlet; 104. a superheated steam outlet; 105. a steam generating chamber; 106. a saturated steam cavity; 107. a saturated steam outlet; 108. a preheating chamber; 109. a water descending ring cavity; 1010. a fourth chamber; 2. a heat exchange pipe; 201. a gas inlet; 202. a gas outlet; 203. a pipeline; 204. a first annular chamber; 205. a second annular chamber; 206. a third chamber; 207. a fifth annular cavity; 208. a sixth annular chamber; 3. a steam orifice plate; 4. a first connecting pipe; 5. a second connection pipe.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The traditional conventional underwater vehicle or submarine adopts a diesel engine and a storage battery as power, the acid storage battery can only provide low-speed navigation for 1-2 days during underwater navigation, and in order to continue the underwater navigation, the underwater vehicle or submarine needs to float upwards at certain intervals, a vent pipe extends out of the water surface, and the diesel engine is started to charge the storage battery. At this time, the underwater vehicle is easy to be found by equipment such as radars, thermal detectors and the like, even by surface ships or planes, and is extremely easy to be attacked.

The underwater cruising ability of the underwater vehicle can be greatly improved by the air-independent power propulsion system. The closed circulation steam turbine system is one kind of power propulsion system independent of air, and is mainly suitable for conventional submarine and special underwater vehicle to supply power to the propulsion system and life load of submarine or underwater vehicle, so that the stay time of submarine or underwater vehicle is increased by 1 week or more than that of submarine only using lead-acid accumulator.

Closed cycle steam turbine systems generally consist of a fuel system, an oxygen supply system, a combustion system, a steam generator, a steam turbine system, an exhaust system, a control system, and the like. The closed circulation steam turbine system generates a heat source by combusting pure oxygen and ethanol, and high-temperature and high-pressure steam is generated by the steam generator and pushes the steam turbine to generate electricity. The underwater environment pressure directly depends on the submergence depth, a closed circulation turbine requires pure oxygen and ethanol to be combusted in a combustion chamber with high pressure, high-pressure waste gas after combustion is directly discharged into the sea, and the requirements of submergence depth, concealment and the like are met when the gas is discharged.

The steam generator disclosed by the invention is particularly suitable for occasions with high heat exchange efficiency requirements and compact space, such as submarines.

Example 1

The present invention provides a steam generator, as shown in fig. 1. The method comprises the following steps: a shell 1 and a heat exchange tube 2; the shell 1 is provided with a water inlet 101, and the water inlet 101 is used for filling water into the inner cavity of the shell 1; the heat exchange tube 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and high-temperature gas is introduced from the outside of the shell 1 through the gas inlet 201 to heat the water into steam through the heat exchange tube 2; the housing 1 is provided with at least one outlet to output the steam formed inside the housing 1.

High-temperature gas enters the shell 1 through the heat exchange tube 2 to flow, exchanges heat with water in the shell 1 in the flowing process, heats the water in the shell 1 into steam, and the steam is discharged from an outlet and then provides power for a steam turbine or other equipment outside.

Example 2

The present invention provides a steam generator, as shown in fig. 1, comprising: a shell 1 and a heat exchange tube 2; the shell 1 is provided with a water inlet 101, and the water inlet 101 is used for filling water into the inner cavity of the shell 1; the heat exchange tube 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and high-temperature gas is introduced from the outside of the shell 1 through the gas inlet 201 to heat the water into steam through the heat exchange tube 2; the housing 1 is provided with at least one outlet to output the steam formed inside the housing 1.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the heat exchange tube 2 comprises a plurality of tubes 203 in communication in sequence and or in side by side communication; the plurality of pipes 203 at least partially form a steam generating cavity 105 with the shell 1, the steam generating cavity 105 is communicated with the superheated steam cavity 102 through the saturated steam inlet 103, and the pipes 203 heat water in the steam generating cavity 105 into steam through high-temperature gas.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a saturated steam cavity 106 is formed between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 2 and the shell 1 above the water level in the shell 1; the saturated steam cavity 106 is located between the steam generating cavity 105 and the superheated steam cavity 102, and is respectively communicated with the superheated steam cavity 102 and the steam generating cavity 105; the saturated steam cavity 106 stores steam; the outlet comprises a saturated steam outlet 107, the saturated steam outlet 107 delivering saturated steam in the saturated steam chamber 106 to the exterior of the housing 1.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, a superheated steam chamber 102 is provided within the housing 1; the cavity cross section of the superheated steam cavity 102 is annular; the superheated steam cavity 102 has a saturated steam inlet 103 higher than the water level in the casing 1; the heat exchange pipe 2 is at least partially positioned in the superheated steam cavity 102, and saturated steam is reheated in the superheated steam cavity 102 to form superheated steam; the superheated steam is output outside the housing 1 through the superheated steam outlet 104.

The saturated steam in the superheated steam chamber 102 is heated before the gas passes through the tubes so that a portion of the heat is lost while the temperature of the gas remains high. Wherein, the outer wall of many pipelines 203 contacts with the water in the steam generation chamber 105, and gas passes through many pipelines 203 and carries out the heat transfer with the water in the steam generation chamber 105 when passing through many pipelines 203 to heat water into steam. The saturated steam chamber 106 stores the steam generated from the steam generating chamber 105, wherein one path is communicated with an external device through a saturated steam outlet 107 to provide a power source for the external device. Such as: an air conditioner. The other path provides saturated steam to the superheated steam chamber 102 through a supersaturated steam inlet 103. The high-temperature gas in a part of the heat exchange tubes 2 in the superheated steam cavity 102 has a high temperature, and saturated steam is heated into superheated steam by the high temperature and is discharged through the superheated steam outlet 104 to drive the steam turbine to generate power. The saturated steam inlet 103 is higher than the water level in the housing 1, and is used for preventing water in the housing 1 from entering the superheated steam cavity 102 and then flowing out of the housing 1 through the superheated steam outlet 104, so as to influence the operation of other equipment.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, further comprising: a steam orifice plate 3; the steam pore plate 3 is provided with a plurality of through holes; the steam hole plate 3 is covered on the steam generating cavity 105 and is higher than the water level in the shell 1. In order to prevent the water in the steam generation cavity 105 from entering the saturated steam inlet 103 and overflowing the steam generated by the steam generation cavity 105 because the water in the steam generation cavity 105 is in a boiling state after exchanging heat with the gas in the heat exchange tube 2, the steam pore plate 3 is arranged above the steam generation cavity 105, so that the steam in the steam-liquid two-phase mixture overflows, and the water is remained in the steam generation cavity 105.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, the saturated steam inlet 103 has a gradually decreasing cross-section from the steam inlet side to the hot steam chamber side, which facilitates the saturated steam to enter the superheated steam chamber 102 and prevents the liquid droplets from entering the steam generation chamber 105, thereby eliminating a vapor-liquid separation device.

Example 3

The present invention provides a steam generator as shown in fig. 3. The method comprises the following steps: a shell 1 and a heat exchange tube 2; the shell 1 is provided with a water inlet 101, and the water inlet 101 is used for filling water into the inner cavity of the shell 1; the heat exchange tube 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and high-temperature gas is introduced from the outside of the shell 1 through the gas inlet 201 to heat the water into steam through the heat exchange tube 2; the housing 1 is provided with at least one outlet to output the steam formed inside the housing 1.

As shown in fig. 3, a preheating chamber 108 is provided in the housing 1; the cross section of the preheating cavity 108 is annular; the water inlet 101 is located at the lower part of the shell 1 and is communicated with the preheating chamber 108, the heat exchange pipe 2 is at least partially located in the preheating chamber 108, and water flows through the preheating chamber 108 through the water inlet 101 for preheating.

The temperature of the gas is further reduced after heat exchange with the water in the steam generating chamber 105, but the temperature of the gas is higher than the initial temperature of the water. In order to improve thermal efficiency, a portion of the heat exchange pipe 2 is disposed in the preheating chamber 108, thereby preheating water.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, preheat chamber 108 is isolated from superheated steam chamber 102, and preheat chamber 108 is located below superheated steam chamber 102.

In some embodiments of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, the preheating chamber 108 communicates with the water downcomer annulus 109 through the first connecting pipe 4 located outside the housing 1.

In some embodiments of the invention, as shown in fig. 3, the outer wall of preheat chamber 108, the outer wall of superheated steam chamber 102, and housing 1 form a water downcomer annulus 109; a water drop ring chamber 109 connects the preheating chamber 108 with the steam generating chamber 105. The preheated hot water enters the steam generating chamber 105 through the water drop ring chamber 109.

Since the preheating chamber 108 and the superheated steam chamber 102 are isolated from each other, the water in the preheating chamber 108 enters the water descending ring chamber 109 through the first connection pipe 4 and then flows into the steam generation chamber 105 to become steam.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the gas inlet 201 of the heat exchange tube 2 is located in the middle of the shell 1, and the portion of the heat exchange tube 2 adjacent to the gas inlet 201 is located in the superheated steam chamber 102. The gas outlet 202 of the heat exchange tube 2 is located at the lower part of the shell 1, and the part of the heat exchange tube 2 close to the gas outlet 202 is located in the preheating chamber 108. The reason for this arrangement is to consider the positions of the respective chambers, i.e., superheated steam chamber 102, saturated steam chamber 106, preheating chamber 108, etc., as a preferred solution. In addition, the position of the gas inlet 201 and the gas outlet 202 may also be other positions, such as the position of the gas inlet 201 and the upward arrangement of the gas outlet 202.

Example 4

The present invention provides a steam generator as shown in fig. 4. The method comprises the following steps: a shell 1 and a heat exchange tube 2; the shell 1 is provided with a water inlet 101, and the water inlet 101 is used for filling water into the inner cavity of the shell 1; the heat exchange tube 2 is arranged in the shell 1, and high-temperature gas is introduced from the outside of the shell 1 through the gas inlet 201 to heat the water into steam through the heat exchange tube 2; the housing 1 is provided with at least one outlet to output the steam formed inside the housing 1.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the heat exchange tubes 2 located within the superheated steam cavity 102 comprise: a first annular chamber 204 and a second annular chamber 205, the first annular chamber 204 being located in the lower part of the superheated steam chamber 102 and close to the gas inlet 201; the second annular chamber 205 is located at the upper part of the superheated steam chamber 102 and close to the saturated steam inlet 103, and the first annular chamber 204 and the second annular chamber 205 are communicated through at least one set of a plurality of channels distributed annularly.

When high-temperature gas enters the heat exchange tube 2, the pressure is high and the flow rate is unstable. Therefore, the first annular chamber 204 and the second annular chamber 205 are arranged on the heat exchange pipe 2 to stabilize the pressure of the gas at a high temperature, reduce the flow rate of the gas, and heat the saturated steam in the superheated steam cavity 102 into superheated steam. The purpose of the communication between the first annular chamber 204 and the second annular chamber 205 through at least one set of a plurality of annularly distributed channels is to facilitate the gas to enter the second annular chamber 205 from the first annular chamber 204 and to increase the contact area of the heat exchange tube 2 with the saturated steam, thereby generating more superheated steam.

In some embodiments of the invention, as shown in fig. 4, the heat exchange tube 2 comprises a third chamber 206, the third chamber 206 being located within the saturated vapor chamber 106, the third chamber 206 being in communication with the second annular chamber 205.

The second annular chamber 205 is linked together with the third chamber 206 through many connecting tubes, and gaseous entering third chamber 206 through many connecting tubes, third chamber 206 converges with gaseous in order to carry out the stationary flow to gaseous, prevents the bias flow phenomenon.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the bottom of the housing 1 is provided with a fourth chamber 1010, and the fourth chamber 1010 is located below the third chamber 206; the fourth chamber 1010 communicates with the third chamber 206 via conduit 203.

A plurality of pipes 203 pass through the steam generating chamber 105 to communicate the third chamber 206 with the fourth chamber 1010, so as to increase the contact area of the heat exchange pipe 2 with water to generate more steam. The purpose of the fourth chamber 1010 is to merge the gases flowing through the pipe 203 and to reduce the flow rate of the gases.

In some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the heat exchange tube 2 comprises: a fifth annular chamber 207 located in the upper part of the preheating chamber 108 and a sixth annular chamber 208 located in the lower part of the preheating chamber 108, close to the gas outlet 202. The fifth annular chamber 207 communicates with the sixth annular chamber 208 through at least one set of a plurality of annularly distributed channels; the fifth annular chamber 207 communicates with the fourth chamber 1010 through the second connection pipe 5 located outside the casing 1, and the sixth annular chamber 208 communicates with the gas outlet 202 of the heat exchange pipe 2.

The purpose of the fifth annular chamber 207 and the sixth annular chamber 208 is to stabilize the pressure of the gas, reduce the flow rate of the gas, and preheat the water in the preheating chamber 108. The purpose of the communication between the fifth annular chamber 207 and the sixth annular chamber 208 through at least one set of a plurality of annularly distributed channels is to facilitate the gas entering the sixth annular chamber 208 from the fifth annular chamber 207 and to increase the contact area between the heat exchange tube 2 and the water, so as to preheat the water in the preheating chamber 108.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the heat exchange tube 2 and the shell 1 are made of steel material for steam drum. The bearing capacity of the heat exchange tube 2 and the shell 1 is improved, and superheated steam and saturated steam with higher pressure are generated conveniently.

In some embodiments of the invention, further comprising: a liquid level sensor and/or a pressure sensor and/or a temperature sensor; the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the water level in the shell 1; the temperature sensor is used for detecting the water temperature in the shell 1; the pressure sensor is used to detect the water pressure in the housing 1.

Wherein, the operating condition who sets up level sensor, temperature sensor and pressure sensor's aim at monitoring steam generator in time maintains steam generator when steam generator appears unusually.

The steam generator includes two flow paths: one path is a water path and the other path is a gas path.

The flow direction of the water path is as follows:

1. water enters the preheating chamber 108 from the water inlet 101 and is preheated by the fifth annular chamber 207 and the sixth annular chamber 208;

2. because the preheating cavity 108 is isolated from the superheated steam cavity 102, preheated water enters the water descending ring cavity 109 through the first connecting pipe 4;

3. the preheated water enters the steam generating cavity 105 under the action of gravity;

4. the water is changed into steam in the steam generating cavity 105, and the generated steam is collected in the saturated steam cavity 106;

5. the steam generating chamber 105 continuously generates steam into the saturated steam chamber 106. When the steam in the saturated steam cavity 106 exceeds a threshold value, saturated steam is formed and is delivered to an external air conditioner through a saturated steam outlet 107; saturated steam enters the superheated steam cavity 102 through a saturated steam inlet 103;

6. the saturated steam exchanges heat with the first annular chamber 204 and the second annular chamber 205 in the superheated steam cavity 102 to form superheated steam, and the superheated steam is discharged through the superheated steam outlet 104 to power the steam turbine.

The flow direction of the gas circuit is as follows:

1. gas enters the first annular chamber 204 and the second annular chamber 205 through the gas inlet 201, and the first annular chamber 204 and the second annular chamber 205 exchange heat with saturated steam in the superheated steam cavity 102 to heat the saturated steam into superheated steam;

2. the gas in the second annular chamber 205 enters the third chamber 206 through a plurality of connecting pipes, and the third chamber 206 performs steady flow on the gas and performs a small amount of heat exchange with the saturated steam in the steam generating chamber 105;

3. the gas in the third chamber 206 enters the fourth chamber 1010 through the conduit 203. Wherein the pipe 203 passes through the steam generating chamber 105, and the gas exchanges heat with water in the steam generating chamber 105 when flowing through the pipe 203 so as to heat the water into steam;

4. the fourth cavity 1010 stabilizes the fluid and enters the fifth annular cavity 207 and the sixth annular cavity 208 through the second connecting pipe 5, 203, and the fifth annular cavity 207 and the sixth annular cavity 208 preheat the water in the preheating cavity 108;

5. the gas is discharged from the gas outlet 202.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (13)

1. A steam generator, comprising: a shell and a heat exchange tube;

the shell is provided with a water inlet through which water is filled into the inner cavity of the shell; the heat exchange tube is arranged in the shell and is used for introducing high-temperature gas from the outside of the shell through a gas inlet to heat the water into steam; the shell is provided with at least one outlet to output steam formed inside the shell;

a superheated steam cavity is arranged in the shell; the cavity cross section of the superheated steam cavity is annular; the superheated steam cavity is provided with a saturated steam inlet which is higher than the water level in the shell; the heat exchange pipe is at least partially positioned in the superheated steam cavity, and saturated steam is reheated in the superheated steam cavity to form superheated steam; the superheated steam is output out of the shell through a superheated steam outlet;

the heat exchange tube comprises a plurality of pipelines which are communicated in sequence or in parallel; a steam generating cavity is formed between at least part of the plurality of pipelines and the shell, the steam generating cavity is communicated with the superheated steam cavity through the saturated steam inlet, and the plurality of pipelines heat water in the steam generating cavity into steam through high-temperature gas;

a saturated steam cavity is formed between the outer wall of the heat exchange tube and the shell above the water level in the shell; the saturated steam cavity is positioned between the steam generating cavity and the superheated steam cavity and is communicated with the superheated steam cavity in the steam generating cavity respectively; the saturated steam cavity stores steam;

a preheating cavity is arranged in the shell; the water inlet is positioned at the lower part of the shell and is communicated with the preheating cavity, the heat exchange pipe is at least partially positioned in the preheating cavity, and water flows through the preheating cavity through the water inlet to be preheated; the preheating cavity is isolated from the superheated steam cavity, and the preheating cavity is positioned below the superheated steam cavity; the outer wall of the preheating cavity, the outer wall of the superheated steam cavity and the shell form a water descending ring cavity; the water descending ring cavity communicates the preheating cavity with the steam generating cavity; the preheating cavity is communicated with the water descending ring cavity through a first connecting pipe positioned outside the shell.

2. The steam generator of claim 1,

the outlet includes a saturated steam outlet that delivers saturated steam within the saturated steam cavity to an exterior of the housing.

3. The steam generator of claim 1, further comprising: a steam orifice plate;

the steam pore plate is provided with a plurality of through holes; the steam hole plate is covered on the steam generation cavity and is higher than the water level in the shell;

the vapor-liquid two-phase mixture in the vapor generation cavity overflows the vapor through the through holes of the vapor pore plate.

4. The steam generator of claim 1 wherein the preheating chamber is annular in cross-section.

5. The steam generator of claim 1, wherein the saturated steam inlet is configured to have a decreasing cross-section from the steam inlet side to the superheated steam chamber side.

6. The steam generator as set forth in claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes have their gas inlets located in the middle of the shell, and the portions of the heat exchange tubes adjacent to the gas inlets are located in the superheated steam chamber.

7. The steam generator as set forth in claim 4, wherein the heat exchange tubes have gas outlets at the lower portion of the shell, and portions of the heat exchange tubes adjacent the gas outlets are located in the preheating chamber.

8. The steam generator of claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes within the superheated steam chamber comprise: the annular device comprises a first annular chamber and a second annular chamber, wherein the first annular chamber is positioned below the second annular chamber, and the first annular chamber is communicated with the second annular chamber through at least one group of a plurality of annularly distributed channels.

9. The steam generator of claim 8 wherein the heat exchange tube includes a third chamber, the third chamber being located within the saturated steam chamber, the third chamber being in communication with the second annular chamber.

10. The steam generator of claim 9, wherein the bottom of the housing defines a fourth chamber, the fourth chamber being located below the third chamber; the fourth chamber is communicated with the third chamber through the pipeline.

11. The steam generator of claim 10, wherein the heat exchange tube comprises: the preheating device comprises a fifth annular chamber and a sixth annular chamber, wherein the fifth annular chamber is positioned at the upper part of the preheating chamber, the sixth annular chamber is positioned at the lower part of the preheating chamber, and the fifth annular chamber is communicated with the sixth annular chamber through at least one group of annularly distributed multiple channels; the fifth annular chamber is communicated with the fourth chamber through a second connecting pipe positioned outside the shell; the sixth annular chamber is communicated with a gas outlet of the heat exchange tube.

12. The steam generator as set forth in claim 1, wherein the heat exchange tubes and the shell are made of a steel material for the steam drum.

13. The steam generator of claim 1, further comprising: a liquid level sensor and/or a pressure sensor and/or a temperature sensor;

the liquid level sensor is used for detecting the water level in the shell;

the temperature sensor is used for detecting the water temperature in the shell;

the pressure sensor is used for detecting the water pressure in the shell.

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