CN112096477B - Mechanism for controlling opening and closing of valve, variable valve apparatus and method - Google Patents

Mechanism for controlling opening and closing of valve, variable valve apparatus and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112096477B
CN112096477B CN202010960615.4A CN202010960615A CN112096477B CN 112096477 B CN112096477 B CN 112096477B CN 202010960615 A CN202010960615 A CN 202010960615A CN 112096477 B CN112096477 B CN 112096477B
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China
Prior art keywords
plunger
section
oil
sleeve
valve
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CN202010960615.4A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN112096477A (en
Inventor
王兆宇
郑建松
徐军领
李光明
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Longkou Zhongyu Thermal Management System Technology Co ltd
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Longkou Zhongyu Thermal Management System Technology Co ltd
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Publication of CN112096477A publication Critical patent/CN112096477A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/02—Valve drive
    • F01L1/04—Valve drive by means of cams, camshafts, cam discs, eccentrics or the like
    • F01L1/047—Camshafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/06—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for braking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/0223—Variable control of the intake valves only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/0242—Variable control of the exhaust valves only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/04—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation using engine as brake
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/34—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift
    • F01L1/344—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear
    • F01L1/3442—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear characterised by the provision of means for changing the timing of the valves without changing the duration of opening and without affecting the magnitude of the valve lift changing the angular relationship between crankshaft and camshaft, e.g. using helicoidal gear using hydraulic chambers with variable volume to transmit the rotating force
    • F01L2001/34423—Details relating to the hydraulic feeding circuit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanism for controlling valve opening and closing, a variable valve device and a method, which solve the problem of poor in-cylinder braking effect in the prior art and have the beneficial effect of realizing in-cylinder braking, and the specific scheme is as follows: a mechanism for controlling valve switch, including the plunger bushing, plunger bushing part hoop sets up rotatable control cover, set up the plunger in plunger bushing and the control cover, the plunger sets up accuse oil molded lines, the inboard arch that can remove along the oily molded lines of plunger accuse that sets up of control cover, the one end of plunger surpasss the control cover setting, the lateral part setting that the plunger cover is close to the plunger other end is advanced oil gallery and oil outlet, form the oil pocket between inherent plunger tip of plunger bushing and the plunger bushing, the one end that the oil outlet was kept away from to the plunger is located in the casing, and the casing internalization sets up the rolling element, the rolling element can remove along the casing is inboard under the exogenic action, and can contact with the plunger tip.

Description

Mechanism for controlling opening and closing of valve, variable valve apparatus and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicles, in particular to a mechanism for controlling valve opening and closing, a variable valve device and a method.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
The emission standards of more than six countries all require that an engine test cycle adopts a WHSC/WHTC cycle, the WHSC/WHTC cycle is obviously different from an ESC/ETC cycle widely adopted in the past in the aspects of working condition distribution and average temperature, and is more focused on emission detection under low-speed and low-load working conditions, and in order to meet the requirements of emission regulations, a diesel engine plant needs to improve the exhaust temperature of the WHSC/WHTC cycle, improve the conversion efficiency of nitrogen oxides and reduce harmful emission of a diesel engine. The regulation of the air inlet flow control and the exhaust temperature is an effective control means, and the simple control method of an air inlet throttle valve is generally adopted at present.
The air inlet throttle valve is arranged at the front end of the air inlet pipe and is far away from the air cylinder, so that pumping loss is caused, and the oil consumption is not favorable.
Exhaust brakes are widely used on large diesel vehicles. Engine exhaust braking has become the standard technology for large diesel engines, and a separate mechanism is added to the engine cylinder head to achieve this function.
In the aspect of energy conservation of the diesel engine, attention is paid to improvement of a combustion process in various countries, Atkinson cycle is one of the accepted main means for realizing high-efficiency thermodynamic cycle of the diesel engine, and the inventor finds that the conventional device for realizing in-cylinder braking is an independent device, and because of the limitation of installation space, the problem of interference between the conventional device for realizing in-cylinder braking and a variable valve structure exists in the installation space, so that the variable valve structure cannot be installed on the premise of in-cylinder braking installation, and the performance of the engine cannot be ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of an air valve, wherein a plunger and a cam shaft are adopted to jointly control the movement of the air valve, an oil control molded line is arranged on the plunger, the opening and closing time and the lift of the air valve are changed by rotating the plunger by utilizing the on-off time of the oil control molded line and an oil drainage hole, the function of a fully variable air valve mechanism is realized, and meanwhile, the oil control molded line is provided with an in-cylinder brake control molded line and is matched with a cam molded line to realize the in-cylinder brake control function.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a mechanism for controlling valve switch, including the plunger bushing, set up the plunger that can remove along plunger bushing axial direction in the plunger bushing, the one end of plunger surpasss the setting of plunger bottom, the plunger cover sets up into the oil gallery in the lateral part that is close to the plunger other end, the plunger cover sets up the oil outlet at the tip that is close to into the oil gallery, and plunger bottom department sets up rotatable control cover, the plunger side sets up the oily molded lines of accuse near one side of oil outlet, the control cover inboard sets up can supply the gliding control flume of plunger, and the control flume of control cover and the all sides block of plunger, control cover accessible control flume drives the plunger and rotates together.
In the mechanism, the oil outlet hole can be connected to the valve and used for controlling the opening or closing of the valve, an oil cavity is formed between the end part of the plunger and the plunger sleeve in the plunger sleeve, one end of the plunger can close the oil inlet/return hole in the motion process, the plunger pushes oil in the oil cavity to supply the oil, so that the valve is opened, and the valve is closed when the plunger moves reversely; through the block of control tank and plunger, the control jacket can drive the plunger and deflect in the angle of settlement, because of the plunger sets up accuse oily molded lines to reach the mesh at control plunger chamber draining moment, the plunger is close to plunger cover oil inlet and outlet department and is accuse oily limit, along with the rotation of plunger, accuse oily limit realizes the change of plunger oil supply moment and draining moment with plunger cover oil gallery together.
According to the mechanism for controlling the valve switch, the pushing piece is a roller body, the roller body comprises a roller seat, a roller is movably arranged on one side of the roller seat, and the roller body moves after being subjected to external acting force and pushes the plunger to move along the plunger sleeve.
According to the mechanism for controlling the valve switch, the first groove is formed in one side of the roller seat, the spring is arranged between the first groove and the control sleeve, the second groove is formed in the other side of the first groove of the roller seat, and the roller is arranged on the roller seat through the second groove.
According to the mechanism for controlling the valve switch, in order to facilitate the return of the plunger, the control sleeve is provided with the upper spring seat, the lower spring seat is arranged in the first groove of the roller seat, a set gap is reserved between the lower spring seat and the end part of the plunger, the spring is supported by the upper spring seat and the lower spring seat, and the spring is compressed in the upward movement process of the plunger.
According to the mechanism for controlling the valve switch, the roller seat is provided with the guide groove used for being fixed with the shell along the axis direction, the plunger sleeve is fixedly connected with the shell through the locking sleeve, and the integral installation is facilitated through the combination of the shell on all parts of the mechanism for controlling the valve switch.
The mechanism for controlling the valve switch comprises a plunger body, wherein the diameter of one section of the plunger body arranged in the plunger sleeve is larger than that of the other section of the plunger body, and the section of the plunger body with the smaller diameter is provided with a flat plunger matched with the control sleeve.
In order to realize the rotation of the control sleeve, the gear rod is arranged on at least one side of the control sleeve and is provided with continuous clamping teeth, one section of the clamping teeth is meshed with the rotatable gear, and the other section of the clamping teeth is meshed with the annular gear ring of the control sleeve.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a variable valve device comprising a camshaft, an inlet valve and/or an exhaust valve, the inlet valve and/or the exhaust valve being connected to said mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the valves, the camshaft being provided with at least one cam, the cam being able to contact with a push member.
In order to achieve in-cylinder braking, the exhaust cam for controlling the exhaust valve is further provided with a second protrusion having a protrusion amplitude that is the same as or different from that of the first protrusion.
In a third aspect, the present invention further provides a method for using a variable valve device, including the following steps:
when the cam shaft drives the roller body to move upwards in the shell, the roller body drives the plunger to move upwards, when the oil control edge on the plunger closes the plunger sleeve on the plunger sleeve and enters the oil return hole, the plunger starts to supply oil, and the pressure oil pushes the piston to move through the oil way, so that the intake valve or the exhaust valve is pushed to be opened;
the camshaft rotates to drive the second bulge to contact with the rolling body, oil is supplied to the exhaust valve through the oil cavity, the exhaust valve is opened for a period of lift near the top dead center of the compression stroke of the engine, compressed gas is released, and primary in-cylinder braking is realized;
when the power stroke is about to end, the control sleeve controls the plunger to rotate by a set angle, the exhaust valve is opened by the set angle, high-pressure gas in the exhaust pipe can flow backwards to enter the cylinder to realize backflow pressurization, the exhaust valve continues to apply negative work after being closed, and when the exhaust valve is close to an exhaust top dead center, the intake valve is opened to release compressed gas to realize secondary cylinder braking.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) according to the invention, through the arrangement of the mechanism for controlling the valve switch, the control of the valve is realized through the movement of the plunger along the plunger sleeve, the control sleeve is matched with the plunger oil control molded line, and secondary control can be carried out on the plunger, so that the moment when oil control is closed and the plunger sleeve oil inlet and return hole is opened in the process of the up-and-down movement of the plunger is changed, thus the change of the valve opening and closing moment is achieved, the integral control is convenient, the structure is reasonable, the integral braking effect in a cylinder can be realized, and the function of the variable valve can be ensured.
2) The valve is controlled to move by the plunger, the rolling body is driven by the rotation of the cam, the plunger is further driven to move, force transmission is reasonable, the spring is arranged in the annular direction of the plunger, the plunger can conveniently and quickly return, and the valve can be quickly controlled.
3) The exhaust valve can be opened in the compression stroke through the arrangement of the second bulge, so that primary cylinder braking is realized, the control sleeve is matched with the plunger, the exhaust valve can be opened slightly in the early stage of the exhaust stroke, high-pressure gas in the exhaust pipe can flow back to enter the cylinder, backflow pressurization is realized, secondary cylinder braking is realized, the cylinder braking effect is effectively ensured, the emission of nitrogen oxides can be integrally reduced, the pressure of post-treatment is reduced, and the structural complexity and the cost of the post-treatment device can be reduced.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a mechanism for controlling valve opening and closing in connection with a valve according to one or more embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a plunger in a mechanism for controlling valve opening and closing according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the mating of first and second racks with exhaust or intake valves according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 4 is a plunger wick deployment diagram and corresponding valve lift mapping in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of normal operating mode valve lift in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of in-cylinder brake operating mode valve lift according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of an exhaust cam according to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure.
Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of a portion of the structure of fig. 1 in accordance with the present invention.
In the figure: the spacing or dimensions between each other are exaggerated to show the location of the various parts, and the schematic is shown only schematically.
Wherein: the device comprises a cam 1, a roller body 2, a spring lower seat 3, a spring 4, a control sleeve 5, a spring upper seat 6, a first toothed bar 7, a second toothed bar 8, a threaded sleeve 9, a plunger 10 sleeved in an oil return hole, a plunger 11, a plunger sleeve 12, a sealing gasket 13, a piston 14, a valve 15, a positioning screw 16, a shell 17, an inlet valve plunger 18, a first bulge 19, a second bulge 20, a motor 21, an exhaust valve plunger 22, a plunger flat 23, a plunger body 24, a first section 25, a second section 26, a third section 27, a fourth section 28, a fifth section 29 and a sixth section 30.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention as claimed. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and/or "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the invention expressly state otherwise, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof;
for convenience of description, the words "up", "down", "left" and "right" in the present invention, if any, merely indicate correspondence with up, down, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure, but merely facilitate the description of the invention and simplify the description, rather than indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Term interpretation section: the terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like in the present invention are to be understood in a broad sense, and for example, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" may be fixed, detachable, or integrated; the two components can be connected mechanically or electrically, directly or indirectly through an intermediate medium, or connected internally or in an interaction relationship, and the terms used in the present invention should be understood as having specific meanings to those skilled in the art.
As described in the background of the invention, there is a problem in the prior art that the structure for realizing in-cylinder braking is complicated, and in order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention proposes a mechanism for controlling opening and closing of a valve.
Example one
In a typical embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1 and 8, a mechanism for controlling a valve switch includes a plunger sleeve 12, a plunger is disposed in the plunger sleeve, one end of the plunger extends beyond a bottom end of the plunger, a rotatable control sleeve 5 is disposed at the bottom end of the plunger, an oil control profile is disposed on the plunger, a control groove for the plunger to slide up and down is disposed inside the control sleeve, the control groove of the control sleeve is engaged with a peripheral side of the plunger, and the control sleeve can drive the plunger to rotate together through the control groove.
One end of the plunger exceeds the control sleeve, the plunger sleeve is provided with an oil inlet and outlet at the side part close to the other end of the plunger, the oil outlet can be connected to the valve, an oil cavity is formed between the end part of the plunger and the plunger sleeve in the plunger sleeve, one end of the plunger far away from the oil outlet is connected with the pushing piece, the pushing piece can be in contact with the cam, specifically, the pushing piece is a roller body 2, the roller body 2 comprises a roller seat, one side of the roller seat is movably provided with a roller, and the roller pushes the whole roller body 2 and the plunger to move together under the action of external force.
Furthermore, one side of the roller seat is provided with a first groove, a spring lower seat is arranged in the first groove, the other side of the first groove is provided with a second groove, the roller seat is provided with a roller through the second groove so as to reduce the friction contacted with the cam, steps are arranged on the periphery of the control sleeve and are used for arranging a spring upper seat, the spring 4 is supported through the spring upper seat and the spring lower seat, and the spring can drive the spring lower seat, the plunger and the roller body to move downwards together in the rebounding process.
The one end that the plunger is close to the spring seat sets up the step and is used for spacing the spring seat down, and has the clearance of settlement between spring seat down and the plunger, avoids influencing the rotation of plunger, can guarantee that the plunger rotates in the circumferencial direction is nimble.
In addition, the roller seat is provided with a guide groove along the axial direction, and a positioning screw 16 arranged on a shell 17 passes through the guide groove to position the roller body, so that the roller body can only move up and down within a set stroke range.
Wherein, the control sleeve cover utilizes the plunger bushing excircle location on the excircle of plunger bushing, guarantees the two concentric, overlaps in the outside of plunger bushing through 9 lock sleeves to realize the fixed of plunger bushing and casing, make a whole set of mechanism that is used for controlling valve switch locate in the casing, easy to assemble.
Furthermore, the lateral part of plunger bushing is located to the oil gallery that advances of plunger bushing, is close to the top setting of plunger bushing, and the tip that the rolling element was kept away from to the plunger bushing is located to the oil outlet, and plunger bushing oil outlet department sets up sealing washer 13, and sealing washer 13 plays the sealing effect, prevents that the gyro wheel body department is revealed to the fluid of advancing oil gallery department.
When a power part such as a camshaft drives the cam 1 to drive the roller body 2 to move upwards along the guide groove, the roller body 2 drives the plunger 11 to move upwards, when the oil control edge on the plunger closes the plunger sleeve on the plunger sleeve 12 to enter the oil return hole 10, the plunger pushes oil in the oil cavity to supply oil, and pressure oil pushes the piston 14 to move through the oil way, so that the valve 15 is pushed to open.
When the camshaft rotates to the highest point and starts to move downwards, the roller body 2 and the lower spring seat 3 move downwards under the pushing of the plunger spring, the lower spring seat 3 pulls the plunger 12 to move downwards together, when the camshaft moves downwards to the oil control edge of the plunger to open the plunger to be sleeved in the oil return hole 10, high-pressure oil is discharged from the plunger to be sleeved in the oil return hole 10, and at the moment, the piston is slowly seated under the action of the seating buffer mechanism.
Referring to fig. 2, the plunger includes a plunger body 24, a diameter of a section of the plunger body 24 disposed in the plunger sleeve is larger than that of another section of the plunger sleeve, an oil control edge is disposed on a side of the section of the plunger body with the larger diameter, which is close to the plunger sleeve oil return hole, and the oil control edge is disposed on the oil control profile.
The plunger body sets up flat 23 of plunger exposing plunger bushing department, and the flat outstanding setting in plunger body both sides of following of plunger is flat, and the flat one section of locating 24 diameters of plunger body of plunger, the flat and inboard control groove block of control sleeve of plunger to make the control sleeve drive the rotation of plunger.
Of course, in some examples, the oil control molded line is a gap obliquely arranged along a section of the plunger body with a larger diameter, and the gap is arranged from the end of the plunger body to the inner side, so that after the oil inlet and outlet is closed by the plunger body, the plunger rotates along with the rotation of the control sleeve, and due to the arrangement of the oil control molded line, the oil inlet and outlet and the oil outlet are opened again, and the oil path is communicated again.
Further, in some examples, the plunger body is provided with oil control profiles on both sides at the oil control edge.
Referring to fig. 4, after the oil control molded line is unfolded, the oil control molded line includes a first section 25, a second section 26, a third section 27, a fourth section 28, a fifth section 29 and a sixth section 30 which are connected in sequence, the first section is a section from the top end of the plunger to the bottom, the first section, the third section and the fifth section are all horizontal sections, the second section is arranged obliquely downwards, the fourth section is perpendicular to the third section, the fourth section is arranged upwards, the third section, the fourth section and the fifth section form a U-shape with an opening facing to the left side, and the sixth section is perpendicular to the fifth section.
In order to realize the rotation of the control sleeve, referring to fig. 3, two sides of the control sleeve are respectively provided with toothed bars, namely a first toothed bar 7 and a second toothed bar 8, the two toothed bars are respectively arranged on two sides of the control sleeve, the two toothed bars are respectively engaged with a first motor and a second motor, the first toothed bar or the second toothed bar is provided with a first section of latch for engagement with the control sleeve, the control sleeve is provided with a gear ring, the gear ring can be a circle or a half circle, the gear ring is engaged with a second section of latch, the first toothed bar 7 and the second toothed bar 8 are driven to be axially pulled through the rotation of a corresponding motor 21 and a corresponding gear, the control sleeve 5 is further pushed to do circular motion, the control sleeve 5 drives the plunger 11 to rotate by a set angle, the moment when the oil control edge closes and opens the plunger sleeve to enter and return oil hole in the process of the up-down motion of the plunger is changed, and the purpose of changing the opening and closing moment of the valve is achieved.
In some examples, the first and second segments of the latch of the first or second toothed bar are located on either side of the respective toothed bar.
FIG. 5 shows the valve motion law in the normal operation mode, and both the intake valve and the exhaust valve can realize continuous variable of the valve lift and the valve timing.
Example two
The embodiment discloses a variable valve device, which comprises a cam shaft, an inlet valve and/or an exhaust valve, wherein the inlet valve and/or the exhaust valve is connected with the mechanism for controlling the valve switch, the cam shaft is provided with at least one cam, the cam can be contacted with a rolling body, the cam shaft drives the corresponding cam to rotate, so that the rolling body pushes a plunger to move relative to a plunger sleeve, and the communication between the mechanism for controlling the valve switch and the inlet valve and/or the exhaust valve is controlled.
Further, the cam is provided with not only the first protrusion 19, but also the second protrusion 20, as shown in fig. 7, the protrusion amplitude of the second protrusion is the same as or different from the protrusion amplitude of the first protrusion, a set distance is provided between the second protrusion and the first protrusion, and the specific size and the setting position of the second protrusion are determined according to the requirement of in-cylinder braking, for example, the protrusion amplitude of the second protrusion may be smaller than the protrusion amplitude of the first protrusion.
And the inlet valve and/or the exhaust valve comprise/comprises an air valve, the air valve is connected with a piston arranged in the piston shell, and the top of the piston is provided with a pipeline connected with an oil outlet hole of the plunger sleeve.
In addition, for the engine, there are a plurality of intake valves and exhaust valves, the inside of the first rack bar engages with a control sleeve in a mechanism for controlling valve opening and closing connected to the intake valves for controlling movement of the intake valve plungers 18, and the inside of the second rack bar engages with a control sleeve in a mechanism for controlling valve opening and closing connected to the exhaust valves for controlling movement of the exhaust valve plungers 22, and the plurality of intake valves share the first rack bar and the plurality of exhaust valves share the second rack bar.
Fig. 6 shows the valve motion law in the high-efficiency in-cylinder brake operation mode, and a method for using the variable valve device comprises the following steps:
when the camshaft drives the roller body to move upwards in the guide hole of the shell, the roller body drives the plunger to move upwards, when the oil control edge on the plunger closes the plunger sleeve on the plunger sleeve and enters the oil return hole, the plunger starts to supply oil, and the pressure oil pushes the piston to move through the oil way, so that the intake valve or the exhaust valve is pushed to open;
the camshaft rotates to drive the second bulge to contact with the rolling body, oil is supplied to the exhaust valve through the oil cavity, the exhaust valve is opened for a period of lift near the top dead center of the compression stroke of the engine, compressed gas is released, and primary in-cylinder braking is realized;
when the power stroke is about to end, the control sleeve controls the plunger to rotate by a set angle, the exhaust valve is opened by the set angle, high-pressure gas in the exhaust pipe can flow backwards to enter the cylinder to realize backflow pressurization, the exhaust valve continues to apply negative work after being closed, and when the exhaust valve is close to an exhaust top dead center, the intake valve is opened to release compressed gas to realize secondary cylinder braking.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A variable valve device is characterized by comprising a mechanism for controlling valve opening and closing, wherein the mechanism for controlling valve opening and closing comprises a plunger sleeve, a plunger capable of moving along the axial direction of the plunger sleeve is arranged in the plunger sleeve, one end of the plunger exceeds the bottom end of the plunger sleeve, an oil inlet and return hole is formed in the side part, close to the other end of the plunger, of the plunger sleeve, an oil outlet is formed in the end part, close to the oil inlet and return hole, of the plunger sleeve, a rotatable control sleeve is arranged at the bottom end of the plunger, an oil control edge is arranged on one side, close to the oil outlet, of the side surface of the plunger, oil control molded lines are arranged on the two sides of the oil control edge, a control groove for the plunger to slide is formed in the inner side of the control sleeve, the control groove of the control sleeve is clamped with the periphery of the plunger, and the control sleeve can drive the plunger to rotate together through the control groove;
the plunger comprises a plunger body, the diameter of one section of the plunger body arranged in the plunger sleeve is larger than that of the other section of the plunger sleeve, the oil control molded line is a notch which is obliquely arranged along the section of the plunger body with the larger diameter, and the notch is arranged inwards from the end part of the plunger body;
the oil control molded line comprises a first section, a second section, a third section, a fourth section, a fifth section and a sixth section which are sequentially connected, wherein the first section is a section from the top end of the plunger to the bottom, the first section, the third section and the fifth section are horizontal sections, the second section is obliquely arranged downwards, the fourth section is perpendicular to the third section and is arranged upwards, the third section, the fourth section and the fifth section form a U shape with an opening facing to the left side, and the sixth section is perpendicular to the fifth section;
the device also comprises a camshaft, an inlet valve and/or an exhaust valve, wherein the inlet valve and/or the exhaust valve are connected with a mechanism for controlling the opening and closing of the valve; the cam is provided with a first bulge, and an exhaust cam for controlling the exhaust valve is also provided with a second bulge;
when the cam shaft drives the roller body to move upwards in the shell, the roller body drives the plunger to move upwards, when the oil control edge on the plunger closes the plunger sleeve on the plunger sleeve and enters the oil return hole, the plunger starts to supply oil, and the pressure oil pushes the piston to move through the oil way, so that the intake valve or the exhaust valve is pushed to be opened;
the camshaft rotates to drive the second bulge to contact with the rolling body, oil is supplied to the exhaust valve through the oil cavity, the exhaust valve is opened for a period of lift near the top dead center of the compression stroke of the engine, compressed gas is released, and primary in-cylinder braking is realized;
when the power stroke is about to end, the control sleeve controls the plunger to rotate by a set angle, the exhaust valve is opened by the set angle, high-pressure gas in the exhaust pipe can flow backwards to enter the cylinder to realize backflow pressurization, the exhaust valve continues to apply negative work after being closed, and when the exhaust valve is close to an exhaust top dead center, the intake valve is opened to release compressed gas to realize secondary cylinder braking.
2. The variable valve device according to claim 1, wherein an end of the plunger remote from the plunger sleeve is connected with a pushing member, the pushing member is a roller body, the roller body comprises a roller seat, and a roller is movably arranged on one side of the roller seat.
3. The variable valve apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a first recess is provided at one side of the roller mount, a spring is provided between the first recess and the control sleeve, a second recess is provided at the other side of the first recess of the roller mount, and the roller is provided through the second recess of the roller mount.
4. The variable valve apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the control sleeve is provided with an upper spring seat, a lower spring seat is provided in the first groove of the roller seat, a predetermined gap is provided between the lower spring seat and the end of the plunger, and the spring is supported by the upper spring seat and the lower spring seat.
5. The variable valve apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the roller seat is provided with a guide groove for fixing with the housing along an axial direction, and the plunger sleeve is fixedly connected with the housing through a locking sleeve.
6. The variable valve apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a section of the plunger body having a smaller diameter is provided for a plunger flat to be engaged with the control sleeve.
7. The variable valve apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a rack bar having continuous teeth is provided on at least one side of the control sleeve, one of the teeth being engaged with the rotatable gear, and the other of the teeth being engaged with a ring gear formed circumferentially around the control sleeve.
8. The variable valve apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the magnitude of the projection of the second projection is the same as or different from the magnitude of the projection of the first projection.
CN202010960615.4A 2020-09-14 2020-09-14 Mechanism for controlling opening and closing of valve, variable valve apparatus and method Active CN112096477B (en)

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DE3048887A1 (en) * 1980-12-23 1982-07-22 Audi Nsu Auto Union Ag, 7107 Neckarsulm Variable valve timing IC engine - has cam tappet operated by hydraulic fluid connected to sprung piston chamber during variable part of tappet stroke
JP2970388B2 (en) * 1994-03-25 1999-11-02 三菱自動車工業株式会社 Variable valve train for internal combustion engines
CN2581713Y (en) * 2002-09-05 2003-10-22 南京威孚金宁有限公司 Environment protection type single cylinder oil injection pump
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CN110344908B (en) * 2019-07-12 2020-04-03 龙口中宇汽车风扇离合器有限公司 Hydraulic valve mechanism capable of realizing variable valve opening times and internal combustion engine
CN110617167A (en) * 2019-10-31 2019-12-27 中船动力研究院有限公司 Fuel injection pump and engine

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Denomination of invention: Mechanism, variable valve device and method for controlling valve switch

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