CN112096459B - Design method of high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine and high-rotation-speed turbine - Google Patents
Design method of high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine and high-rotation-speed turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN112096459B CN112096459B CN202010948249.0A CN202010948249A CN112096459B CN 112096459 B CN112096459 B CN 112096459B CN 202010948249 A CN202010948249 A CN 202010948249A CN 112096459 B CN112096459 B CN 112096459B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D21/00—Shutting-down of machines or engines, e.g. in emergency; Regulating, controlling, or safety means not otherwise provided for
- F01D21/003—Arrangements for testing or measuring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D13/00—Combinations of two or more machines or engines
- F01D13/02—Working-fluid interconnection of machines or engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/02—Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a design method of a high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine, the high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine and an industrial dragging coaxial unit system, and aims to solve the problems that the existing blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is connected with a dragging unit through a speed increasing device, the transmission efficiency is low, the transmission energy loss is large, the turbine type is large, the production cost is high, the design process of a new high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is complex, the design period is long, and the rapid market demand cannot be met. The design method comprises the steps of accounting for the total ideal enthalpy drop according to the air inlet and outlet parameters of the turbine and computing the single-stage ideal enthalpy drop h of the turbine s (ii) a According to the turbine single-stage ideal enthalpy drop h s Determining the diameter d of the turbine hub; and according to the selected stage number z, calculating the final hub diameter and other design parameters of the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine within the value range of the hub diameter d. The turbine designed according to the design method can be directly connected with a dragging unit, and the rotating speed range of the turbine is 3600-8300 r/min.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a design method of a high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine, the high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine and an industrial dragging coaxial unit system.
Background
The blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is applied to an industrial dragging coaxial unit, and needs to be connected with the dragging unit through a speed increasing device because the rotating speed of the blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is lower than that of the dragging unit.
The rotating speed of the existing blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is fixed at 3000r/min, and the existing blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is connected with a dragging machine set through a speed increasing device, so that the problems of low energy transfer efficiency, large energy transfer loss and the like exist; in addition, the low rotational speed of the blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine results in a larger turbine type and higher production cost. In order to further improve the transfer efficiency and reduce the unit cost, a high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine needs to be designed, but a mature high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine scheme does not exist at present, and for a new high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine, a conventional design method generally needs to synchronously adjust a plurality of parameters according to design conditions, the parameters are mutually influenced and iterated repeatedly, the design process is complex, the design period is long, and the rapid market demand cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that the existing blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is connected with a dragging unit through a speed increasing device, the transmission efficiency is low, the transmission energy loss is large, the turbine type is large, the production cost is high, the design process of a novel high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is complex, the design period is long, and the rapid market demand cannot be met, and provides a design method of the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine, the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine and an industrial dragging coaxial unit system.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a design method of a high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) The total ideal enthalpy drop is calculated according to the air inlet and outlet parameters of the turbine, and the single-stage ideal enthalpy drop h of the turbine is calculated s ；
1.1 Based on given turbine inlet and outlet parameters, inquiring total ideal enthalpy drop H of the turbine through commercial physical property software s ；
1.2 Z =1 or z =2, and calculating the ideal enthalpy drop h of the turbine single stage according to the following formula s ；
In the formula:
alpha is the turbine reheat coefficient, and the value range is 0-0.04;
H s the total ideal enthalpy drop of the turbine obtained in the step 1.1);
2) Determining the diameter d of the turbine hub;
2.1 Calculating turbine vane outlet velocity c according to 1 ；
In the formula:
h s the turbine single-stage ideal enthalpy drop obtained in the step 1.2);
omega is the leaf profile reaction degree, and omega is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1;
2.2 Calculating the average hub diameter d according to the formula m ；
In the formula:
n is the designed rotating speed range of the turbine, and the value interval is 30-50 r/min;
u is the circumferential speed of the turbine,
wherein, c 1 The outlet speed of the turbine stator blade obtained in the step 2.1);
α 1 the value of the angle of the airflow at the outlet of the stationary blade ranges from 18 degrees to 22 degrees;
omega is the leaf profile reaction degree, and omega is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1;
2.3 Calculating the hub diameter d according to the following two equations;
d＝d m -l
A＝π(l 2 +dl)
in the formula:
d m the average diameter of the hub obtained in the step 2.2);
l is the height of the movable blade;
a is the annular channel area formed by the diameter d of the hub and the height l of the movable blade;
repeatedly adjusting the values of d and l until A meets the requirements of the air intake and exhaust parameters of the turbine;
2.4 According to the value range and the value interval of n), repeating the steps 2.2 and 2.3 to calculate the corresponding value range of the diameter d of the hub, and finely adjusting and rounding the value of d;
3) And according to the selected stage number z, calculating the final hub diameter and other design parameters of the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine within the value range of the hub diameter d.
The high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is designed by adopting the design method and is characterized in that:
the turbine stage number and the average diameter d of the hub m And the following requirements are met between the designed rotating speed ranges n:
when the number of turbine stages is 1 stage,
when the number of turbine stages is 2 stages,
further, the turbine is a 1-stage turbine, and the rotating speed range and the corresponding hub diameter range are as follows: when the rotating speed range is 3600-3800 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 1150-1300 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 4100-4300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 1000-1150 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 4500-4650 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 900-1050 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 5100-5300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 800-900 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 5650-5950 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 700-800 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 6300-6500 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 600-700 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 7100-7300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 500-600 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 7800-8300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 450-550 mm.
Further, the turbine is a 2-stage turbine, and the rotating speed range and the corresponding hub diameter range are as follows: when the rotating speed range is 3600-3800 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 850-950 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 4100-4300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 700-800 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 4500-4650 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 630-760 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 5100-5300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 550-630 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 5650-5950 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 450-560 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 6300-6500 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 400-500 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 7100-7300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 350-450 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 7800-8300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 300-400 mm.
An industrial dragging coaxial unit system is characterized in that:
comprises a dragging unit and the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine; the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is directly connected with the dragging unit, and the rotating speed range of the turbine is 3600-8300 r/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the design method of the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine, the relevant principles and design experience of the turbine are integrated, formula adjustment fitting is carried out, the original input parameters of the turbine are directly related to the key output parameters d, l and the like, the result can be quickly calculated only through several times of adjustment, the design process is relatively simple, the design period is relatively short, and the market can be quickly responded;
(2) The high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine designed by the design method provided by the invention is smaller in size, light in weight and capable of reducing the production cost by 5-10%;
(3) The high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine provided by the invention covers 3600-8300 r/min in rotating speed, is suitable for dragging units with different rotating speeds, simplifies the unit preparation and effectively improves the energy recovery and utilization efficiency;
(4) According to the industrial dragging coaxial unit system provided by the invention, the turbine can be directly connected with the dragging unit without using a speed increasing device, the energy transfer efficiency of the system is high, and the energy transfer loss is small.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention provides a design method of a high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine, which can quickly design key parameters of a unit by combining the basic principle and design experience of the turbine aiming at the speed ranges of different dragging units and mainly comprises the following steps:
1) The total ideal enthalpy drop is calculated according to the air inlet and outlet parameters of the turbine, and the single-stage ideal enthalpy drop h of the turbine is calculated s ；
1.1 Based on given turbine inlet and outlet parameters, the total ideal enthalpy drop H of the turbine can be inquired through commercial physical property software s Examples of commercially available physical properties software include NIST and Component Plus;
1.2 Z =1 or z =2, and calculating the ideal enthalpy drop h of the turbine single stage according to the following formula s ；
In the formula:
alpha is the turbine reheat coefficient, and the value range is 0-0.04;
H s the total ideal enthalpy drop obtained in the step 1.1);
2) Determining the diameter d of the turbine hub;
2.1 Calculating turbine vane outlet velocity c according to 1
In the formula:
h s the turbine single-stage ideal enthalpy drop obtained in the step 1.2);
omega is the leaf profile reaction degree, and omega is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1;
2.2 Calculating the average diameter d of the hub according to the following formula m ；
In the formula:
n is the designed rotating speed range of the turbine, and the value interval is 30-50 r/min;
u is the turbine circumferential speed, and in order to ensure high efficiency during design, the speed ratio is selected near the optimal speed ratio, namely, the speed ratio meets the formula:
thus, can obtain
Wherein, c 1 The outlet speed of the turbine stator blade obtained in the step 2.1);
α 1 the value of the angle of the air flow at the outlet of the stationary blade ranges from 18 degrees to 22 degrees according to experience;
omega is the leaf profile reaction degree, and omega is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1;
2.3 Calculating the hub diameter d according to the following two equations;
d＝d m -l
A＝π(l 2 +dl)
in the formula:
d m the average diameter of the hub obtained in the step 2.2);
l is the height of the movable blade;
a is the annular channel area formed by the diameter d of the hub and the height l of the movable blade;
repeatedly adjusting the values of d and l until A meets the requirements of the air intake and exhaust parameters of the turbine;
2.4 Repeating the steps 2.2 and 2.3 to calculate the corresponding value range of the hub diameter d according to the value range and the value interval of n, and finely adjusting and rounding the value of d according to actual conditions of a factory, such as the hub diameter of an existing product, the processing technology difficulty, the comprehensive cost and other factors;
3) And (3) according to the selected stage number z, in the value range of the hub diameter d, calculating the final hub diameter and other design parameters (speed ratio, load coefficient and the like) of the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine according to a common calculation program, and finally manufacturing the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine according to the design parameters.
The turbine designed by the design method of the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine has the turbine stage number and the average diameter d of the hub m And the following requirements are met between the designed rotating speed ranges n:
when the number of turbine stages is 1 stage,
when the number of turbine stages is 2 stages,
then according to the average diameter d of the hub m The hub diameter d can be calculated, and the finally obtained rotating speed range, the number of stages and the hub diameter d range are shown in the following table:
through professional theoretical calculation of the turbine, CFD analysis and field operation data accounting, the high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine provided by the invention is preferable and feasible.
In the industrial dragging coaxial unit system using the high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine, the high-rotation-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is directly connected with the dragging unit, and the rotation speed range of the turbine is 3600-8300 r/min.
Claims (5)
1. A design method of a high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) The total ideal enthalpy drop is calculated according to the air inlet and outlet parameters of the turbine, and the single-stage ideal enthalpy drop h of the turbine is calculated s ；
1.1 Based on given turbine inlet and outlet parameters, inquiring total ideal enthalpy drop H of the turbine through commercial physical property software s ；
1.2 Z =1 or z =2, and calculating the ideal enthalpy drop h of the turbine single stage according to the following formula s ；
In the formula:
alpha is the turbine reheat coefficient, and the value range is 0-0.04;
H s the total ideal enthalpy drop of the turbine obtained in the step 1.1);
2) Determining the diameter d of the turbine hub;
2.1 Calculating turbine vane outlet velocity c according to 1 ；
In the formula:
h s the turbine single-stage ideal enthalpy drop obtained in the step 1.2);
omega is the leaf profile reaction degree, and omega is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1;
2.2 Calculating the average diameter d of the hub according to the following formula m ；
In the formula:
n is the designed rotating speed range of the turbine, and the value interval is 30-50 r/min;
u is the circumferential speed of the turbine,
wherein, c 1 The outlet speed of the turbine static blade obtained in the step 2.1);
α 1 the value of the angle of the airflow at the outlet of the stationary blade ranges from 18 degrees to 22 degrees;
omega is the leaf profile reaction degree, and omega is more than or equal to 0 and less than 1;
2.3 Calculating the hub diameter d according to the following two equations;
d＝d m -l
A＝π(l 2 +dl)
in the formula:
d m the average diameter of the hub obtained in the step 2.2);
l is the height of the movable blade;
a is the annular channel area formed by the diameter d of the hub and the height l of the movable blade;
repeatedly adjusting the values of d and l until A meets the requirements of the air intake and exhaust parameters of the turbine;
2.4 According to the value range and the value interval of n), repeating the steps 2.2 and 2.3 to calculate the corresponding value range of the diameter d of the hub, and finely adjusting and rounding the value of d;
3) And according to the selected stage number z, calculating the final hub diameter and other design parameters of the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine within the value range of the hub diameter d.
2. A high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine designed by the design method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the turbine stage number and the average diameter d of the hub m And the following requirements are met between the designed rotating speed ranges n:
when the number of turbine stages is 1 stage,
when the number of turbine stages is 2 stages,
3. the high speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine of claim 2, wherein:
the turbine is a 1-stage turbine, and the rotating speed range and the corresponding hub diameter range are as follows:
when the rotating speed range is 3600-3800 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 1150-1300 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 4100-4300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 1000-1150 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 4500-4650 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 900-1050 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 5100-5300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 800-900 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 5650-5950 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 700-800 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 6300-6500 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 600-700 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 7100-7300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 500-600 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 7800-8300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 450-550 mm.
4. The high speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine of claim 2, wherein:
the turbine is a 2-stage turbine, and the rotating speed range and the corresponding hub diameter range are as follows:
when the rotating speed range is 3600-3800 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 850-950 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 4100-4300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 700-800 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 4500-4650 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 630-760 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 5100-5300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 550-630 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 5650-5950 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 450-560 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 6300-6500 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 400-500 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 7100-7300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 350-450 mm;
when the rotating speed range is 7800-8300 r/min, the diameter range of the hub is 300-400 mm.
5. The utility model provides an industry drags coaxial unit system which characterized in that:
a high speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine according to any one of claims 2 to 4 and comprising a drive train; the high-speed blast furnace gas energy recovery turbine is directly connected with the dragging unit, and the rotating speed range of the turbine is 3600-8300 r/min.
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