CN112094983A - Method and device for refining scrap steel - Google Patents
Method and device for refining scrap steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN112094983A CN112094983A CN202010860362.3A CN202010860362A CN112094983A CN 112094983 A CN112094983 A CN 112094983A CN 202010860362 A CN202010860362 A CN 202010860362A CN 112094983 A CN112094983 A CN 112094983A
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- mother liquor
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- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 45
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 210000003437 trachea Anatomy 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium difluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ca+2] WUKWITHWXAAZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010436 fluorite Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;silicon Chemical compound [Ca]=[Si] OSMSIOKMMFKNIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010413 mother solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241001536352 Fraxinus americana Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/5241—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces in an inductively heated furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/072—Treatment with gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/076—Use of slags or fluxes as treating agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for refining scrap steel, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: placing the scrap steel into an induction furnace, and mixing the scrap steel in the induction furnace; step two: heating the scrap steel in the induction furnace to 1700-1800 ℃ to form mother liquor; step three: filtering the mother liquor obtained in the second step to filter floating slag on the upper layer of the mother liquor; step four: the mother liquor from which the scum is removed in the third step is placed in a V0D refining furnace for smelting; step five: starting a vacuum pump, blowing mixed oxygen from the bottom of the mother liquor when the vacuum degree in the VOD vacuum furnace is 20-25KPa, and refining for 10-20 min; step six: the method and the device for refining the waste steel have the advantages that the whole structure is simple, the operation is convenient, the refining is carried out strictly according to the refining requirement of the waste steel, the purity of the refined steel is higher, the quality and the mechanical property of pure steel are improved, and the refining efficiency of the waste steel is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steel scrap refining, in particular to a method and a device for refining steel scrap.
Background
Scrap steel refers to steel waste materials (such as trimming, end cutting and the like) which are not products in the production process of steel plants and steel materials in equipment and components which are scrapped after use, and the steel waste materials are called scrap steel which is made of pig iron and are generally called scrap steel, and the scrap steel has high output in production and needs to be recycled and generally needs to be refined.
The prior steel scrap refining method and device are complex in operation and complex in process, and the refined steel has high impurity content, so that the quality and mechanical property of pure steel are reduced, the waste steel is further mixed after the mother liquor is formed in an induction furnace due to the inconvenience of the conventional steel scrap refining device, the time for refining the waste steel is prolonged, and the efficiency for refining the waste steel is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and a device for refining scrap steel, which aim to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a scrap steel refining method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the scrap steel into an induction furnace, and mixing the scrap steel in the induction furnace;
step two: heating the scrap steel in the induction furnace to 1700-1800 ℃ to form mother liquor;
step three: filtering the mother liquor obtained in the second step to filter floating slag on the upper layer of the mother liquor;
step four: the mother liquor from which the scum is removed in the third step is placed in a V0D refining furnace for smelting;
step five: starting a vacuum pump, blowing mixed oxygen from the bottom of the mother liquor when the vacuum degree in the VOD vacuum furnace is 20-25KPa, and refining for 10-20 min;
step six: pumping waste gas, simultaneously blowing argon gas into the bottom of the mother solution for 5-10min, and pumping to the vacuum degree of 200-250 Pa;
step seven: removing the upper scum of the mother liquor obtained in the sixth step;
step eight: sampling the mother liquor treated in the step seven, and detecting the element components and the content in the sampled mother liquor;
step nine: according to the element components and contents measured in the step eight, the adding amount of lime, fluorite, aluminum particles and calcium particles is calculated, the lime, the fluorite, the aluminum particles and silicon calcium are sequentially added into the V0D refining furnace, Ar gas is blown into the bottom of the VOD refining furnace, and refining is carried out for 15-40 min;
step ten: and releasing the vacuum, stopping heating, quickly inserting an aluminum wire into the bottom of the molten steel, simultaneously blowing Ar gas from the bottom, stopping the Ar gas after the reaction is finished and deslagging, and preparing refined molten steel.
Preferably, the mixed oxygen in the fifth step is oxygen and argon, and the ratio of oxygen: argon gas is 0.7-0.9: 0.1-0.3.
Preferably, the time for blowing the argon in the sixth step is 5-10 min.
The utility model provides a scrap steel refining device, includes support frame, heating mechanism, induction furnace, filter mechanism and VOD refining furnace, the whole of support frame becomes L shape, and the support frame be provided with heating mechanism, and the below that is located heating mechanism in the support frame is provided with filter mechanism, VOD refining furnace is installed to the inside low side of support frame, and VOD refining furnace is connected with filter mechanism.
Preferably, heating mechanism includes fixed plate, feed inlet, play feed cylinder and induction furnace, the fixed plate is installed to the inside top symmetry of support frame, and rotates through the pivot cooperation between two fixed plates and be connected with induction furnace, induction furnace's top is provided with the feed inlet, and the top of feed inlet is provided with sealed lid, induction furnace's bottom is provided with out the feed cylinder.
Preferably, the surface of the fixing plate on one side of the support frame is rotatably connected with a driven gear, the side wall of the fixing plate is provided with a driving motor, the end part of an output shaft of the driving motor is provided with a driving gear, the driving gear is meshed with the driven gear, and a central shaft of the driven gear penetrates through the fixing plate and is fixed with a rotating shaft on the induction furnace.
Preferably, filtering mechanism includes fixed slot, pull box, connecting cylinder and filter screen, install the fixed slot in the support frame, and the fixed slot surface is provided with the pull box, the pull box is located out under the feed cylinder, and pull bottom of the box portion is provided with the filter screen, the bottom of fixed slot is provided with the connecting cylinder, and the connecting cylinder respectively with fixed slot and the inside intercommunication of VOD refining furnace, the outside one side that the pull box is located the fixed slot is provided with the handle.
Preferably, the one end at VOD refining furnace top is provided with the material loading mouth, and the material loading mouth top is provided with the connection lid, trachea and Ar trachea are installed respectively to the inside low side of VOD refining furnace, and trachea and Ar's tip all pass the VOD refining furnace, the trachea is located one section equidistance of VOD refining furnace inside and is provided with the gas vent, the Ar trachea is located one section equidistance of VOD refining furnace inside and is provided with the gas outlet, electrically controlled valve is all installed in the one end that trachea and Ar trachea are located VOD refining furnace outside and the play feed cylinder outside.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the rotatable induction furnace is arranged, so that waste steel in the induction furnace can be conveniently mixed, better refining is facilitated, the integral structure is simple, the operation is convenient, refining is strictly carried out according to the refining requirement of the waste steel, the purity of refined steel is higher, the quality and the mechanical property of pure steel are improved, and the refining efficiency of the waste steel is greatly improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall connection structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the connection structure between the fixing groove and the drawing box according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a support frame; 2. a heating mechanism; 3. a fixing plate; 4. a feed inlet; 5. a sealing cover; 6. a driven gear; 7. a driving gear; 8. a drive motor; 9. a discharging barrel; 10. an induction furnace; 11. a filtering mechanism; 12. fixing grooves; 13. a box is drawn out; 14. a connecting cylinder; 15. a filter screen; 16. a VOD refining furnace; 17. a vacuum pump; 18. a feeding port; 19. a connecting cover; 20. a mixed gas pipe; 21. an exhaust port; 22. an Ar gas pipe; 23. an air outlet; 24. a handle; 25. an electrically controlled valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A scrap steel refining method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the scrap steel into an induction furnace, and mixing the scrap steel in the induction furnace;
step two: heating scrap steel in an induction furnace to 1700 ℃ to form mother liquor;
step three: filtering the mother liquor obtained in the second step to filter floating slag on the upper layer of the mother liquor;
step four: the mother liquor from which the scum is removed in the third step is placed in a V0D refining furnace for smelting;
step five: starting a vacuum pump, blowing mixed oxygen from the bottom of the mother liquor when the vacuum degree in the VOD vacuum furnace is 20KPa, and refining for 10 min;
step six: pumping waste gas, blowing argon gas into the bottom of the mother liquor for 5min, and pumping till the vacuum degree is 200 Pa;
step seven: removing the upper scum of the mother liquor obtained in the sixth step;
step eight: sampling the mother liquor treated in the step seven, and detecting the element components and the content in the sampled mother liquor;
step nine: according to the element components and contents measured in the step eight, the adding amount of lime, fluorite, aluminum particles and calcium particles is calculated, the lime, the fluorite, the aluminum particles and silicon calcium are sequentially added into the V0D refining furnace, Ar gas is blown into the bottom of the VOD refining furnace, and refining is carried out for 15-40 min;
step ten: and releasing the vacuum, stopping heating, quickly inserting an aluminum wire into the bottom of the molten steel, simultaneously blowing Ar gas from the bottom, stopping the Ar gas after the reaction is finished and deslagging, and preparing refined molten steel.
Referring to fig. 1, a scrap refining apparatus includes a support frame 1, a heating mechanism 2, an induction furnace 10, a filtering mechanism 11 and a VOD refining furnace 16, the support frame 1 is L-shaped as a whole, the heating mechanism 2 is disposed on the support frame 1, the filtering mechanism 11 is disposed below the heating mechanism 2 in the support frame 1, the VOD refining furnace 16 is mounted at the lower end of the inside of the support frame 1, and the VOD refining furnace 16 is connected to the filtering mechanism 11.
Referring to fig. 1, the heating mechanism 11 includes fixing plates 3, a feeding port 4, a discharging barrel 9 and an electric induction furnace 10, the fixing plates 3 are symmetrically installed at the top end inside the supporting frame 1, the electric induction furnace 10 is rotatably connected between the two fixing plates 3 through a rotating shaft in a matching manner, the feeding port 4 is arranged at the top of the electric induction furnace 10, a sealing cover 5 is arranged at the top of the feeding port 4, and the discharging barrel 9 is arranged at the bottom of the electric induction furnace 10.
Referring to fig. 1, a driven gear 6 is rotatably connected to the surface of a fixing plate 3 on one side of a support frame 1, a driving motor 8 is installed on the side wall of the fixing plate 3, a driving gear 7 is installed at the end of an output shaft of the driving motor 8, the driving gear 7 is engaged with the driven gear 6, and a central shaft of the driven gear 6 penetrates through the fixing plate 3 and is fixed to a rotating shaft on an induction furnace 10.
Referring to fig. 2, the filtering mechanism 11 includes a fixing groove 12, a drawing box 13, a connecting cylinder 14 and a filtering net 15, the fixing groove 12 is installed in the supporting frame 1, the drawing box 13 is disposed on the surface of the fixing groove 12, the drawing box 13 is located under the discharging cylinder 9, the filtering net 15 is disposed at the bottom of the drawing box 13, the connecting cylinder 14 is disposed at the bottom of the fixing groove 12, the connecting cylinder 14 is respectively communicated with the fixing groove 12 and the inside of the VOD refining furnace 16, and a handle 24 is disposed at one side of the drawing box 13 located outside the fixing groove 12.
Referring to fig. 1, a feeding port 18 is disposed at one end of the top of the VOD refining furnace 16, a connection cover 19 is disposed at the top of the feeding port 18, a mixed gas pipe 20 and an Ar gas pipe 22 are respectively mounted at the lower end of the inside of the VOD refining furnace 16, the ends of the mixed pipe 20 and the Ar gas pipe 22 pass through the VOD refining furnace 16, exhaust ports 21 are disposed at a section of the mixed pipe 20 located inside the VOD refining furnace 16 at an equal interval, gas outlets 23 are disposed at a section of the Ar gas pipe 22 located inside the VOD refining furnace 16 at an equal interval, and electrically controlled valves 25 are mounted at one ends of the mixed pipe 20 and the Ar gas pipe 22 located outside the VOD refining furnace 16 and outside the discharge cylinder 9.
Example 2
A scrap steel refining method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the scrap steel into an induction furnace, and mixing the scrap steel in the induction furnace;
step two: heating the scrap steel in the induction furnace to 1750 ℃ to form mother liquor;
step three: filtering the mother liquor obtained in the second step to filter floating slag on the upper layer of the mother liquor;
step four: the mother liquor from which the scum is removed in the third step is placed in a V0D refining furnace for smelting;
step five: starting a vacuum pump, blowing mixed oxygen from the bottom of the mother liquor when the vacuum degree in the VOD vacuum furnace is 23KPa, and refining for 15 min;
step six: pumping waste gas, blowing argon gas into the bottom of the mother liquor for 8min, and pumping till the vacuum degree is 225 Pa;
step seven: removing the upper scum of the mother liquor obtained in the sixth step;
step eight: sampling the mother liquor treated in the step seven, and detecting the element components and the content in the sampled mother liquor;
step nine: according to the element components and contents measured in the step eight, the adding amount of lime, fluorite, aluminum particles and calcium particles is calculated, the lime, the fluorite, the aluminum particles and silicon calcium are sequentially added into the V0D refining furnace, Ar gas is blown into the bottom of the VOD refining furnace, and refining is carried out for 30 min;
step ten: and releasing the vacuum, stopping heating, quickly inserting an aluminum wire into the bottom of the molten steel, simultaneously blowing Ar gas from the bottom, stopping the Ar gas after the reaction is finished and deslagging, and preparing refined molten steel.
Referring to fig. 1, a scrap refining apparatus includes a support frame 1, a heating mechanism 2, an induction furnace 10, a filtering mechanism 11 and a VOD refining furnace 16, the support frame 1 is L-shaped as a whole, the heating mechanism 2 is disposed on the support frame 1, the filtering mechanism 11 is disposed below the heating mechanism 2 in the support frame 1, the VOD refining furnace 16 is mounted at the lower end of the inside of the support frame 1, and the VOD refining furnace 16 is connected to the filtering mechanism 11.
Referring to fig. 1, the heating mechanism 11 includes fixing plates 3, a feeding port 4, a discharging barrel 9 and an electric induction furnace 10, the fixing plates 3 are symmetrically installed at the top end inside the supporting frame 1, the electric induction furnace 10 is rotatably connected between the two fixing plates 3 through a rotating shaft in a matching manner, the feeding port 4 is arranged at the top of the electric induction furnace 10, a sealing cover 5 is arranged at the top of the feeding port 4, and the discharging barrel 9 is arranged at the bottom of the electric induction furnace 10.
Referring to fig. 1, a driven gear 6 is rotatably connected to the surface of a fixing plate 3 on one side of a support frame 1, a driving motor 8 is installed on the side wall of the fixing plate 3, a driving gear 7 is installed at the end of an output shaft of the driving motor 8, the driving gear 7 is engaged with the driven gear 6, and a central shaft of the driven gear 6 penetrates through the fixing plate 3 and is fixed to a rotating shaft on an induction furnace 10.
Referring to fig. 2, the filtering mechanism 11 includes a fixing groove 12, a drawing box 13, a connecting cylinder 14 and a filtering net 15, the fixing groove 12 is installed in the supporting frame 1, the drawing box 13 is disposed on the surface of the fixing groove 12, the drawing box 13 is located under the discharging cylinder 9, the filtering net 15 is disposed at the bottom of the drawing box 13, the connecting cylinder 14 is disposed at the bottom of the fixing groove 12, the connecting cylinder 14 is respectively communicated with the fixing groove 12 and the inside of the VOD refining furnace 16, and a handle 24 is disposed at one side of the drawing box 13 located outside the fixing groove 12.
Referring to fig. 1, a feeding port 18 is disposed at one end of the top of the VOD refining furnace 16, a connection cover 19 is disposed at the top of the feeding port 18, a mixed gas pipe 20 and an Ar gas pipe 22 are respectively mounted at the lower end of the inside of the VOD refining furnace 16, the ends of the mixed pipe 20 and the Ar gas pipe 22 pass through the VOD refining furnace 16, exhaust ports 21 are disposed at a section of the mixed pipe 20 located inside the VOD refining furnace 16 at an equal interval, gas outlets 23 are disposed at a section of the Ar gas pipe 22 located inside the VOD refining furnace 16 at an equal interval, and electrically controlled valves 25 are mounted at one ends of the mixed pipe 20 and the Ar gas pipe 22 located outside the VOD refining furnace 16 and outside the discharge cylinder 9.
Example 3
A scrap steel refining method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the scrap steel into an induction furnace, and mixing the scrap steel in the induction furnace;
step two: heating scrap steel in an induction furnace to 1800 ℃ to form mother liquor;
step three: filtering the mother liquor obtained in the second step to filter floating slag on the upper layer of the mother liquor;
step four: the mother liquor from which the scum is removed in the third step is placed in a V0D refining furnace for smelting;
step five: starting a vacuum pump, blowing mixed oxygen from the bottom of the mother liquor when the vacuum degree in the VOD vacuum furnace is 25KPa, and refining for 20 min;
step six: pumping waste gas, blowing argon gas into the bottom of the mother liquor for 10min, and pumping till the vacuum degree is 250 Pa;
step seven: removing the upper scum of the mother liquor obtained in the sixth step;
step eight: sampling the mother liquor treated in the step seven, and detecting the element components and the content in the sampled mother liquor;
step nine: according to the element components and contents measured in the step eight, the adding amount of lime, fluorite, aluminum particles and calcium particles is calculated, the lime, the fluorite, the aluminum particles and silicon calcium are sequentially added into the V0D refining furnace, Ar gas is blown into the bottom of the VOD refining furnace, and refining is carried out for 40 min;
step ten: and releasing the vacuum, stopping heating, quickly inserting an aluminum wire into the bottom of the molten steel, simultaneously blowing Ar gas from the bottom, stopping the Ar gas after the reaction is finished and deslagging, and preparing refined molten steel.
Referring to fig. 1, a scrap refining apparatus includes a support frame 1, a heating mechanism 2, an electric induction furnace 10, a filtering mechanism 11 and a VOD refining furnace 16, the support frame 1 is L-shaped as a whole, the heating mechanism 2 is disposed on the support frame 1, the filtering mechanism 11 is disposed below the heating mechanism 2 in the support frame 1, the VOD refining furnace 16 is disposed at the lower end of the support frame 1, and the VOD refining furnace 16 is connected to the filtering mechanism 11.
Referring to fig. 1, the heating mechanism 11 includes fixing plates 3, a feeding port 4, a discharging barrel 9 and an electric induction furnace 10, the fixing plates 3 are symmetrically installed at the top end inside the supporting frame 1, the electric induction furnace 10 is rotatably connected between the two fixing plates 3 through a rotating shaft in a matching manner, the feeding port 4 is arranged at the top of the electric induction furnace 10, a sealing cover 5 is arranged at the top of the feeding port 4, the discharging barrel 9 is arranged at the bottom of the electric induction furnace 10, induction heating is performed on scrap steel in the electric induction furnace 10 through the setting of the electric induction furnace 10, the scrap steel is enabled to reach a required specific temperature, the scrap steel is conveniently placed in the electric induction furnace 10 through the feeding port 4, and the sealing cover 5 facilitates.
Referring to fig. 1, a driven gear 6 is rotatably connected to the surface of a fixing plate 3 on one side of a support frame 1, a driving motor 8 is installed on the side wall of the fixing plate 3, a driving gear 7 is installed at the end of an output shaft of the driving motor 8, the driving gear 7 is meshed with the driven gear 6, a central shaft of the driven gear 6 penetrates through the fixing plate 3 and is fixed with a rotating shaft on an induction furnace 10, and the arrangement is convenient for fully mixing scrap steel inside the induction furnace 10;
during mixing, the driving motor 8 is controlled to work through the arranged electric control mechanism to enable the driving gear 7 to rotate, the driving gear 7 is meshed with the driven gear 6 to achieve rotation of the electric induction furnace 10, and waste steel in the electric induction furnace 10 is enabled to be continuously turned and mixed under rotation, so that the mixing effect is guaranteed.
Referring to fig. 2, the filtering mechanism 11 includes a fixing groove 12, a pull box 13, a connecting cylinder 14 and a filtering net 15, the fixing groove 12 is installed in the support frame 1, the pull box 13 is disposed on the surface of the fixing groove 12, the pull box 13 is located under the discharging cylinder 9, the filtering net 15 is disposed at the bottom of the pull box 13, the connecting cylinder 14 is disposed at the bottom of the fixing groove 12, the connecting cylinder 14 is respectively communicated with the fixing groove 12 and the interior of the VOD refining furnace 16, a handle 24 is disposed at one side of the pull box 13 located outside the fixing groove 12, and scum on the upper layer of mother liquor in the induction furnace 10 can be filtered through the filtering mechanism 11, so that a large amount of doped impurities are eliminated;
during actual operation, open the outside automatically controlled valve 25 of feed cylinder 9 in induction furnace 10 bottom, make the mother liquor that forms after induction furnace 10 heats in getting into pull box 13 through feed cylinder 9 under the action of gravity, filter out the impurity of doping in the mother liquor through filter screen 15 on the pull box 13, and the mother liquor after filtering directly gets into in the VOD refining furnace 16 and refines.
Referring to fig. 1, a feeding port 18 is disposed at one end of the top of the VOD refining furnace 16, a connecting cover 19 is disposed at the top of the feeding port 18, a mixed gas pipe 20 and an Ar gas pipe 22 are respectively mounted at the lower end of the inside of the VOD refining furnace 16, the ends of the mixed pipe 20 and the Ar gas pipe 22 pass through the VOD refining furnace 16, exhaust ports 21 are equidistantly disposed on a section of the mixed pipe 20 located inside the VOD refining furnace 16, gas outlets 23 are equidistantly disposed on a section of the Ar gas pipe 22 located inside the VOD refining furnace 16, and electric control valves 25 are mounted at one ends of the mixed pipe 20 and the Ar gas pipe 22 located outside the VOD refining furnace 16 and outside the discharge cylinder 9;
setting up through material loading mouth 8 is convenient for add lime as required in to VOD refining furnace 16, fluorite, the aluminium grain, material such as silicon calcium, be convenient for sealed to VOD refining furnace 16 through connecting lid 19, be convenient for guarantee inside vacuum under vacuum pump 17 effect, through being connected outside connecting pipe and hybrid tube 20, can make outside mixed oxygen let in VOD refining furnace 16 in, bronze drum gas vent 21 makes mixed oxygen arrange the mother liquor in, through being connected outside connecting pipe and Ar trachea 22, can be to letting in argon gas in the VOD refining furnace 16, can effectually get rid of the impurity of doping in the scrap steel, the recovery efficiency of scrap steel has been improved, the quality and the mechanical properties of pure steel have been improved, and convenient for popularize.
The working principle is as follows: opening a sealing cover 5 on a feed inlet 4 of an induction furnace, placing waste steel to be refined into the induction furnace, sealing the feed inlet 4 by the sealing cover 5, controlling a driving motor 8 to work by an arranged electric control mechanism to enable a driving gear 7 to rotate, enabling the induction furnace 10 to rotate under the meshing action of the driving gear 7 and a driven gear 6, enabling the waste steel in the induction furnace 10 to be continuously overturned and mixed under the rotation of the induction furnace 10, heating the waste steel in the induction furnace to 1700 plus 1800 ℃ after mixing to form mother liquor, then opening an electric control valve 25 outside a discharge barrel 9 at the bottom of the induction furnace 10, enabling the mother liquor formed after the heating of the induction furnace 10 to enter a drawing box 13 through the discharge barrel 9 under the action of gravity, filtering out impurities doped in the mother liquor through a filter screen 15 on the drawing box 13, directly entering a VOD refining furnace 16 after filtering, and starting a vacuum pump 17, when the vacuum degree in the VOD refining furnace 16 is 20-25KPa, blowing mixed oxygen from the bottom of mother liquor, refining for 10-20min, pumping waste gas, blowing argon gas from the bottom of the mother liquor for 5-10min, pumping to the vacuum degree of 200-250Pa, removing upper scum, sampling the treated mother liquor, detecting the element components and content in the sampled mother liquor, calculating the addition of white ash, fluorite, aluminum particles and calcium particles according to the detected element components and content, sequentially adding the white ash, fluorite, aluminum particles and calcium particles into the V0D refining furnace, blowing Ar gas from the bottom of the VOD refining furnace, refining for 15-40min, removing vacuum, stopping heating, rapidly inserting aluminum wires into the bottom of molten steel, blowing Ar gas from the bottom, stopping Ar gas after the reaction is finished and deslagging, and obtaining refined molten steel.
Testing
Refining the scrap steel by utilizing a prior method for refining the scrap steel, wherein the refined pure steel I is used as a control group;
pure steel two, pure steel three and pure steel four were respectively prepared according to example 1, example 2 and example 3;
the test method comprises the following steps: when non-metallic impurities are detected, sampling is carried out on the centers of the slabs of the first pure steel, the second pure steel, the third pure steel and the fourth pure steel, the impurities are detected from the upper surfaces of the samples of the experimental group and the comparison group to a position with a depth of one millimeter by using an optical microscope, the impurities are amplified by 100 to 200 times under the optical microscope, and the approximate content of the impurities in each sample is detected by using an electron microscope;
the results show that:
| item | Pure steel one | |
Pure steel III | Pure steel four |
| Content of |
2% | 0.9% | 0.5% | 0.6% |
According to the table, the invention can ensure that the purity of the refined steel is higher, improve the quality and mechanical property of the pure steel and greatly improve the refining efficiency of the scrap steel.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A method for refining scrap steel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: placing the scrap steel into an induction furnace, and mixing the scrap steel in the induction furnace;
step two: heating the scrap steel in the induction furnace to 1700-1800 ℃ to form mother liquor;
step three: filtering the mother liquor obtained in the second step to filter floating slag on the upper layer of the mother liquor;
step four: the mother liquor from which the scum is removed in the third step is placed in a V0D refining furnace for smelting;
step five: starting a vacuum pump, blowing mixed oxygen from the bottom of the mother liquor when the vacuum degree in the VOD vacuum furnace is 20-25KPa, and refining for 10-20 min;
step six: pumping waste gas, simultaneously blowing argon gas into the bottom of the mother solution for 5-10min, and pumping to the vacuum degree of 200-250 Pa;
step seven: removing the upper scum of the mother liquor obtained in the sixth step;
step eight: sampling the mother liquor treated in the step seven, and detecting the element components and the content in the sampled mother liquor;
step nine: according to the element components and contents measured in the step eight, the adding amount of lime, fluorite, aluminum particles and calcium particles is calculated, the lime, the fluorite, the aluminum particles and silicon calcium are sequentially added into the V0D refining furnace, Ar gas is blown into the bottom of the VOD refining furnace, and refining is carried out for 15-40 min;
step ten: and releasing the vacuum, stopping heating, quickly inserting an aluminum wire into the bottom of the molten steel, simultaneously blowing Ar gas from the bottom, stopping the Ar gas after the reaction is finished and deslagging, and preparing refined molten steel.
2. A method of refining scrap steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mixed oxygen in the step five is oxygen and argon, and the oxygen: argon gas is 0.7-0.9: 0.1-0.3.
3. A method of refining scrap steel according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the sixth step, the time for blowing the argon is 5-10 min.
4. A scrap steel refining device is characterized in that: including support frame (1), heating mechanism (2), induction furnace (10), filter mechanism (11) and VOD refining furnace (16), the whole one-tenth L of support frame (1) appears, and being provided with of support frame (1) heating mechanism (2), and the below that is located heating mechanism (2) in support frame (1) is provided with filter mechanism (11), VOD refining furnace (16) are installed to the inside low side of support frame (1), and VOD refining furnace (16) are connected with filter mechanism (11).
5. The scrap refining apparatus according to claim 4, wherein: heating mechanism (11) are including fixed plate (3), feed inlet (4), play feed cylinder (9) and induction furnace (10), fixed plate (3) are installed to the top symmetry of support frame (1) inside, and rotate through the pivot cooperation between two fixed plate (3) and be connected with induction furnace (10), the top of induction furnace (10) is provided with feed inlet (4), and the top of feed inlet (4) is provided with sealed lid (5), the bottom of induction furnace (10) is provided with out feed cylinder (9).
6. A steel scrap refining apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the surface of the fixing plate (3) on one side of the support frame (1) is rotatably connected with a driven gear (6), a driving motor (8) is installed on the side wall of the fixing plate (3), a driving gear (7) is installed at the end part of an output shaft of the driving motor (8), the driving gear (7) is meshed with the driven gear (6) and is connected with the driven gear, and a central shaft of the driven gear (6) penetrates through the fixing plate (3) and is fixed with a rotating shaft on an induction furnace (10).
7. A steel scrap refining apparatus according to claim 9, wherein: filtering mechanism (11) are including fixed slot (12), pull box (13), connecting cylinder (14) and filter screen (15), install fixed slot (12) in support frame (1), and fixed slot (12) surface is provided with pull box (13), pull box (13) are located play feed cylinder (9) under, and pull box (13) bottom is provided with filter screen (15), the bottom of fixed slot (12) is provided with connecting cylinder (14), and connecting cylinder (14) communicate with fixed slot (12) and VOD refining furnace (16) inside respectively, one side that pull box (13) are located fixed slot (12) outside is provided with handle (24).
8. The scrap refining apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: one end at VOD refining furnace (16) top is provided with material loading mouth (18), and material loading mouth (18) top is provided with connects lid (19), trachea (20) and Ar trachea (22) are installed respectively to the inside low side of VOD refining furnace (16), and the tip of trachea (20) and Ar trachea (22) all passes VOD refining furnace (16), one section equidistance that trachea (20) are located VOD refining furnace (16) inside is provided with gas vent (21), one section equidistance that Ar trachea (22) are located VOD refining furnace (16) inside is provided with gas outlet (23), automatically controlled valve (25) are all installed in the one end that trachea (20) and Ar trachea (22) are located VOD refining furnace (16) outside and play feed cylinder (9) outside.
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| CN101358266A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2009-02-04 | 江苏宝航特钢有限公司 | Method for refining high-purity pure iron from low oxygen, low hydrogen and low nitrogen VOD |
| KR20130074925A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-05 | 주식회사 포스코 | Refining method for stainless steel |
| CN206974161U (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-02-06 | 河南豫光锌业有限公司 | Combined zinc alloy production metallurgical furnace |
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| CN110923394A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-27 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Steel-making equipment and steel-making method |
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2020
- 2020-08-25 CN CN202010860362.3A patent/CN112094983A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101358266A (en) * | 2008-09-10 | 2009-02-04 | 江苏宝航特钢有限公司 | Method for refining high-purity pure iron from low oxygen, low hydrogen and low nitrogen VOD |
| KR20130074925A (en) * | 2011-12-27 | 2013-07-05 | 주식회사 포스코 | Refining method for stainless steel |
| CN206974161U (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2018-02-06 | 河南豫光锌业有限公司 | Combined zinc alloy production metallurgical furnace |
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