CN112094575B - Preparation method of magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment - Google Patents

Preparation method of magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment Download PDF

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CN112094575B
CN112094575B CN202011015269.9A CN202011015269A CN112094575B CN 112094575 B CN112094575 B CN 112094575B CN 202011015269 A CN202011015269 A CN 202011015269A CN 112094575 B CN112094575 B CN 112094575B
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coating
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absorbent
absorbing
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CN112094575A (en
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刘甲
卢明明
吕通
宫元勋
赵宏杰
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Aerospace Research Institute of Materials and Processing Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D163/00—Coating compositions based on epoxy resins; Coating compositions based on derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D179/00—Coating compositions based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming in the main chain of the macromolecule a linkage containing nitrogen, with or without oxygen, or carbon only, not provided for in groups C09D161/00 - C09D177/00
    • C09D179/04—Polycondensates having nitrogen-containing heterocyclic rings in the main chain; Polyhydrazides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C09D179/08—Polyimides; Polyester-imides; Polyamide-imides; Polyamide acids or similar polyimide precursors
    • C09D179/085—Unsaturated polyimide precursors
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/23—Magnetisable or magnetic paints or lacquers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
    • C09D5/32—Radiation-absorbing paints
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/002—Physical properties
    • C08K2201/005—Additives being defined by their particle size in general

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment. The preparation method of the wave-absorbing material comprises the following steps: respectively mixing the magnetic absorbent and the dielectric absorbent with the resin matrix and the diluent to obtain two wave-absorbing coatings, and then alternately spraying the two coatings to obtain the wave-absorbing coating. And (3) mechanically ball-milling and crushing the cured wave-absorbing coating to obtain magnetic absorbent powder with a micro multilayer structure, mixing the magnetic absorbent powder with resin, and carrying out compression molding to obtain the magnetic wave-absorbing material with marine environment resistance. The magnetic absorbent and the dielectric absorbent in the preparation method form a uniform sandwich structure, so that the density of the wave-absorbing material is reduced, the impedance matching characteristic is improved, and the corrosion resistance of the material is enhanced. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple and feasible, the process is mature and stable, the production cost is low, and the large-scale production can be realized.

Description

Preparation method of magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wave-absorbing materials, in particular to a preparation method of a magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment.
Background
With the continuous development of modern radio technology and the continuous progress of radar detection means, the battlefield viability of weaponry is greatly threatened. In order to improve the survival, penetration and deep striking capabilities of weaponry on a battlefield, the development of a military stealth technology becomes a hotspot of the research of the world military field, and the research of wave-absorbing materials draws wide attention of all countries. In recent years, various countries have been vigorously developing navy force to enhance the ability of far-sea combat. In the face of a complex marine environment with high humidity and high salt mist, the wave absorbing material used on the weapon equipment has good stealth performance and better corrosion resistance, and the development trend of the future stealth material is to consider the stealth performance and the service life.
In the existing commonly used wave-absorbing materials, the magnetic medium type iron-nickel based wave-absorbing material is taken as a main material, and the defect of poor weather resistance exists in the use process, particularly in the harsh marine environment, the material is easy to corrode and rust, and the performance is liable to be reduced. Aiming at the problem, in the existing scheme, the corrosion resistance is enhanced mainly by a method of coating an absorbent, but the method has complex process and great operation difficulty and can reduce the stealth performance of the wave-absorbing material.
Therefore, in order to overcome the above defects, a preparation method of a wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that the existing wave-absorbing material is prone to corrosion and rust in harsh marine environment, so that the problems of stable stealth performance and long service life cannot be considered, and the problems of complex process, high operation difficulty, serious stealth performance reduction and the like are solved.
(II) technical scheme
The invention provides a preparation method of a magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment, and the material prepared by the method not only can improve the corrosion resistance of the magnetic wave-absorbing material, but also can reduce the density of the material, improve the impedance matching characteristic and widen the wave-absorbing bandwidth.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides in a first aspect a method for producing a magnetic absorbent powder, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing a magnetic absorbent with a first resin matrix, adding a first diluent, and uniformly mixing to prepare a coating 1;
(2) mixing the dielectric absorbent with a second resin matrix, adding a second diluent, and uniformly mixing to prepare a coating 2;
(3) alternately spraying the coating 2 and the coating 1 on a coating substrate to form a wave-absorbing coating with a multilayer structure on the coating substrate;
(4) and solidifying the wave-absorbing coating, then taking down the wave-absorbing coating from the coating substrate and crushing to obtain crushed materials, and then carrying out ball milling treatment on the crushed materials to obtain the absorbent powder with a multilayer structure.
Preferably, the coating 1 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-90 parts of magnetic absorbent, 10-50 parts of first resin matrix and 5-20 parts of first diluent; and/or the coating 2 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-10 parts of dielectric absorbent, 80-95 parts of second resin matrix and 5-20 parts of second diluent.
Preferably, the magnetic absorbent is any one or more selected from the group consisting of carbonyl iron powder, iron silicon aluminum powder and ferrite.
Preferably, the magnetic absorbent is spherical or flaky; more preferably, the average particle diameter of the magnetic absorbent is 2 to 50 μm.
Preferably, the dielectric absorber is acetylene black.
Preferably, the first resin matrix and the second resin matrix are independently any one or more selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin and polyurethane.
Preferably, the first diluent and the second diluent are independently any one or more selected from the group consisting of xylene and butyl acetate.
Preferably, the bottom layer and the top layer of the wave-absorbing coating with the multilayer structure are both formed by spraying the coating 2;
preferably, the thickness of the wave-absorbing coating is 0.1-5 mm;
more preferably, the ratio of the total thickness of the magnetic coating produced by spraying paint 1 to the total thickness of the dielectric coating produced by spraying paint 2 is controlled to be (1-10): 1, more preferably (4-8): 1.
Preferably, the curing temperature for curing the wave-absorbing coating is 50-100 ℃;
preferably, the ball milling rotation speed of the ball milling treatment is 100-; and/or
The mass ratio of the ball materials subjected to ball milling treatment is (5-20) to 1.
Preferably, the uniform mixing in the step (1) and the step (2) is realized by mechanical stirring, and preferably, the stirring speed of the mechanical stirring is 500-2000 r/min.
The particle size of the absorbent powder obtained after ball milling treatment in the step (4) is 10-100 μm;
after the ball milling treatment is carried out in the step (4), further carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained absorbent powder; preferably, the drying temperature of the vacuum drying is 50 to 100 ℃.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment, wherein the magnetic absorbent powder prepared by the method of the first aspect of the invention is mixed with molding resin and molded, so that the magnetic wave-absorbing material is obtained.
Preferably, the molding resin is any one or more selected from the group consisting of an epoxy resin, a bismaleimide resin, a cyanate resin, and a silicone resin.
Preferably, the mixing method of the magnetic absorbent powder and the molding resin is open mixing or banburying; the mass ratio of the magnetic absorbent powder to the molding resin is (1-9) to 1.
Preferably, the molding is compression molding, and the magnetic wave-absorbing material obtained by molding is a sheet material or a block material;
preferably, the thickness of the magnetic wave-absorbing material is 0.2-100 mm.
(III) advantageous effects
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the invention prepares the microscopic absorbent powder with a multilayer structure by combining the wave-absorbing coating technology and the ball milling technology, and the introduction of the dielectric absorbent plays a role in protecting the magnetic layer, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of the pure magnetic material, improving the marine environment resistance of the material and prolonging the service life.
(2) In a microscopic aspect, the dielectric wave-absorbing layer is combined with the magnetic wave-absorbing layer, so that the impedance matching characteristic of the magnetic wave-absorbing material is improved, and the wave-absorbing performance is effectively enhanced.
(3) The method provided by the invention is simple and feasible, the process is mature and stable, the production cost is low, and the large-scale production can be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an implementation process of a magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment in a specific embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows the reflectivity of the magnetic wave-absorbing material for marine environment resistance prepared in example 1, wherein the abscissa shows the frequency in GHz and the ordinate shows the reflectivity in dB.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides, in a first aspect, a method for producing a magnetic absorbent powder, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
(1) mixing a magnetic absorbent with a first resin matrix, adding a first diluent, and uniformly mixing to prepare a coating 1;
(2) mixing the dielectric absorbent with a second resin matrix, adding a second diluent, and uniformly mixing to prepare a coating 2;
(3) alternately spraying the coating 2 and the coating 1 on the coating substrate to form a wave-absorbing coating with a multilayer structure on the coating substrate;
(4) and solidifying the wave-absorbing coating, then taking down the wave-absorbing coating from the coating substrate and crushing to obtain crushed materials, and then carrying out ball milling treatment on the crushed materials to obtain the absorbent powder with a multilayer structure.
When the wave-absorbing material is prepared only by using the magnetic absorbent, the material is easy to corrode and rust in a high-humidity and high-salt-mist environment, so that the wave-absorbing performance is reduced. The invention adopts the coating technology to combine the dielectric absorbent and the magnetic absorbent to prepare the absorbent with a microscopic multilayer structure and then prepare the absorbing material, thereby obviously improving the environmental resistance.
According to some preferred embodiments, the coating 1 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-90 parts of magnetic absorbent, 10-50 parts of first resin matrix and 5-20 parts of first diluent; and/or the coating 2 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-10 parts of dielectric absorbent, 80-95 parts of second resin matrix and 5-20 parts of second diluent.
According to some preferred embodiments, the magnetic absorbent is any one or more selected from the group consisting of carbonyl iron powder, iron silicon aluminum powder, and ferrite; preferably, the magnetic absorbent is spherical or flaky; more preferably, the magnetic absorbent has an average particle size of 2 to 50 μm, for example 2 μm, 15 μm, 25 μm, 50 μm. The absorbent with different grain diameters has different use frequencies, and the absorbent using the grain diameter range has better wave absorption performance in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz.
According to some preferred embodiments, the dielectric absorber is acetylene black; the first resin matrix and the second resin matrix are independently any one or more selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin and polyurethane; the first diluent and the second diluent are independently any one or more selected from the group consisting of xylene and butyl acetate.
According to some preferred embodiments, the bottom layer and the top layer of the wave-absorbing coating with the multilayer structure are sprayed by the coating 2; the spraying process is carried out according to the alternative spraying of the coating 2, surface drying, coating 1, surface drying and coating 2.
According to some preferred embodiments, the thickness of the wave-absorbing coating is 0.1-5 mm;
more preferably, the ratio of the total thickness of the magnetic coating produced by spraying paint 1 to the total thickness of the dielectric coating produced by spraying paint 2 is controlled to be (1-10): 1, more preferably (4-8): 1. The wave-absorbing material prepared from the absorbent prepared from the magnetic coating and the dielectric coating according to the thickness ratio of (4-8) to 1 has good corrosion resistance and wave-absorbing performance.
According to some preferred embodiments, the curing temperature for curing the wave-absorbing coating is 50-100 ℃, for example, 50 ℃, 65 ℃, 80 ℃, 100 ℃; the ball milling rotation speed of the ball milling treatment is 100-; and/or
The mass ratio of the ball materials subjected to ball milling treatment is (5-20) to 1.
According to some preferred embodiments, the mixing in step (1) and step (2) is performed by mechanical stirring, preferably, the stirring speed of the mechanical stirring is 500-2000 r/min, such as 500r/min, 1000r/min, 1500r/min, 2000 r/min;
according to some preferred embodiments, the particle size of the absorbent powder obtained after the ball milling treatment in step (4) is 10-100 μm;
after the ball milling treatment is carried out in the step (4), further carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained absorbent powder; preferably, the drying temperature of the vacuum drying is 50-100 ℃, such as 50 ℃, 75 ℃, 100 ℃.
The second aspect of the invention provides a method for preparing a magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment, wherein the magnetic absorbent powder prepared by the method of the first aspect of the invention is mixed with molding resin and molded, so that the magnetic wave-absorbing material is obtained.
According to some preferred embodiments, the molding resin is any one or more selected from the group consisting of an epoxy resin, a bismaleimide resin, a cyanate resin, and a silicone resin.
According to some preferred embodiments, the mixing method of the magnetic absorbent powder and the molding resin is open mixing or banburying; the mass ratio of the magnetic absorbent powder to the molding resin is (1-9) to 1. The magnetic absorbent powder is used as a functional material, the resin is used as a matrix material, and the mass ratio of the magnetic absorbent powder to the resin is controlled to be (1-9) to 1, so that good wave absorbing performance can be realized in a 2-18GHz frequency band. When the addition amount of the magnetic absorbent powder is too low, the wave absorbing performance is poor, but the addition amount of the magnetic absorbent powder is not too high, so that the dispersion in a resin matrix is uneven, and the molding is difficult.
According to some preferred embodiments, the molding is compression molding, and the magnetic wave-absorbing material obtained by molding is a sheet material or a block material; preferably, the thickness of the magnetic wave-absorbing material is 0.2-100 mm.
Example 1
(1) 170g of carbonyl iron powder (as a magnetic absorbent) with the average particle size of 5 mu m is added into 30g of epoxy resin, 20g of dimethylbenzene (as a diluent) is added, and the mixture is mechanically stirred for 1 hour at the rotating speed of 1500r/min to prepare a coating 1; 10g of acetylene black is added into 190g of epoxy resin, 20g of dimethylbenzene (serving as a diluent) is added, and mechanical stirring is carried out for 1 hour at the rotating speed of 1500r/min, so as to obtain the coating 2. And respectively pouring the two coatings into a spray can, alternately spraying according to the procedures of drying the coatings 2, surface, coating 1, surface and coating 2 to obtain a wave-absorbing coating with the thickness of 0.5mm, wherein the thickness ratio of the magnetic coating to the dielectric coating is 6: 1, the thicknesses of the dielectric layers are the same, the thicknesses of the magnetic layers are the same, and the wave-absorbing coating is placed in a drying oven to be cured for 8 hours at 70 ℃.
(2) And mechanically crushing the cured wave-absorbing coating, adding 300g of the wave-absorbing coating into a ball milling tank, adding 3000g of stainless steel grinding balls, setting the rotating speed to be 300r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 12 hours to obtain the magnetic absorbent powder with the multilayer structure.
(3) Weighing 200g of the magnetic absorbent powder prepared in the step (2) and 40g of epoxy resin, mixing by using an open mill, adding the mixed material into a mold, putting the mold into a press, and carrying out compression molding to obtain a sheet-shaped wave-absorbing material with the thickness of 1mm, namely the marine environment-resistant magnetic wave-absorbing material.
The obtained wave-absorbing material is tested for wave-absorbing reflectivity, and the performance is shown in figure 2. The material is subjected to a salt spray test for 300 hours, and the surface of the material is free from corrosion, cracking and the like.
Example 2
This example 2 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: the average grain diameter of the carbonyl iron powder in the step (1) is 2 mu m.
Example 3
This example 3 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: the average grain diameter of the carbonyl iron powder in the step (1) is 50 μm.
Example 4
This example 4 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: the average grain diameter of the carbonyl iron powder in the step (1) is 100 mu m.
Example 5
This example 5 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: 10g of epoxy resin in the step (3).
Example 6
This example 6 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: 50g of absorbent powder and 100g of epoxy resin in the step (3).
Example 7
This example 7 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: the thickness ratio of the magnetic coating to the dielectric coating is 3: 1.
Example 8
This example 8 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: the thickness ratio of the magnetic coating to the dielectric coating is 20: 1.
Example 9
This example 9 is substantially the same as example 1 except that: the magnetic absorbent is iron silicon powder, the first resin and the second resin are polyurethane, the diluent is butyl acetate, and the molding resin is bismaleimide resin.
Example 10
(1) 170g of carbonyl iron powder with the average particle size of 5 mu m is added into 30g of epoxy resin, 20g of dimethylbenzene is added, and the mixture is mechanically stirred for 1 hour at the rotating speed of 1500r/min to prepare the coating. And respectively pouring the coatings into a sprinkling can for alternate spraying to obtain a wave-absorbing coating with the thickness of 0.5mm, and putting the wave-absorbing coating into a drying oven for curing for 8 hours at 70 ℃.
(2) And mechanically crushing the cured wave-absorbing coating, adding 300g of the wave-absorbing coating into a ball milling tank, adding 3000g of stainless steel grinding balls, setting the rotation speed to be 300r/min, and carrying out ball milling for 12 hours to obtain modified absorbent powder.
(3) And (3) respectively weighing 200g of the magnetic absorbent powder prepared in the step (2) and 40g of epoxy resin, mixing by using an open mill, adding the mixed material into a mold, putting into a press, and carrying out compression molding to obtain the sheet-shaped wave-absorbing material with the thickness of 1 mm.
Table 1: performance indexes in each example and comparative example.
Figure BDA0002698851450000101
Figure BDA0002698851450000111
Note: the "-" symbol in Table 1 indicates that the performance index is not specified.
As can be seen from examples 1 to 4 in Table 1, the absorbents having different particle sizes have different use frequencies, and the absorbents having particle sizes ranging from 2 to 50 μm have better wave absorption performance in the frequency range from 2 to 18 GHz.
As can be seen from comparison between the example 1 and the examples 5 and 6, the mass ratio of the magnetic absorbent powder to the resin is controlled to be (1-9): 1, so that good wave absorbing performance can be realized in a frequency band of 2-18 GHz. When the addition amount of the magnetic absorbent powder is too low, the wave absorbing performance is poor, but the addition amount of the magnetic absorbent powder is not too high, so that the dispersion in a resin matrix is uneven, and the molding is difficult.
As can be seen from comparison between the embodiment 1 and the embodiments 7 and 8, the wave-absorbing material prepared from the absorbent prepared according to the thickness ratio of the magnetic coating to the dielectric coating of (4-8) to 1 has good corrosion resistance and good wave-absorbing performance.
As can be seen from the comparison between example 1 and example 10, when the wave-absorbing material is prepared by only using the magnetic absorbent, the material is easy to corrode and rust in a high-humidity and high-salt-mist environment, and the wave-absorbing performance is reduced. The magnetic wave-absorbing material prepared by the method of combining the dielectric absorbent and the magnetic absorbent can obviously improve the environmental resistance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for preparing a magnetic absorbent powder, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing a magnetic absorbent with a first resin matrix, adding a first diluent, and uniformly mixing to prepare a coating 1;
(2) mixing the dielectric absorbent with a second resin matrix, adding a second diluent, and uniformly mixing to prepare a coating 2; the dielectric absorbent is acetylene black;
(3) alternately spraying the coating 2 and the coating 1 on a coating substrate to form a wave-absorbing coating with a multilayer structure on the coating substrate; wherein the bottom layer and the top layer of the wave-absorbing coating with the multilayer structure are both formed by spraying the coating 2; the ratio of the total thickness of the magnetic coating prepared by spraying the coating 1 to the total thickness of the dielectric coating prepared by spraying the coating 2 is controlled to be (4-8): 1; the thickness of the wave-absorbing coating is 0.1-5 mm;
(4) solidifying the wave-absorbing coating, then taking down the wave-absorbing coating from the coating substrate and crushing to obtain crushed materials, and then carrying out ball milling treatment on the crushed materials to obtain absorbent powder with a multilayer structure; wherein the grain diameter of the absorbent powder is 10-100 mu m.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the coating 1 is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 60-90 parts of magnetic absorbent, 10-50 parts of first resin matrix and 5-20 parts of first diluent; and/or the coating 2 is composed of the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-10 parts of dielectric absorbent, 80-95 parts of second resin matrix and 5-20 parts of second diluent.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the magnetic absorbent is any one or more selected from the group consisting of carbonyl iron powder, ferrosilicon aluminum powder and ferrite; the magnetic absorbent is spherical or flaky; the average particle size of the magnetic absorbent is 2-50 μm;
the first resin matrix and the second resin matrix are independently any one or more selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin and polyurethane;
the first diluent and the second diluent are independently any one or more selected from the group consisting of xylene and butyl acetate.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein:
the curing temperature for curing the wave-absorbing coating is 50-100 ℃;
the ball milling rotation speed of the ball milling treatment is 100-; and/or
The mass ratio of ball materials subjected to ball milling treatment is (5-20): 1.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein:
uniformly mixing the step (1) and the step (2) through mechanical stirring, wherein the stirring speed of the mechanical stirring is 500-2000 r/min;
after the ball milling treatment is carried out in the step (4), further carrying out vacuum drying on the obtained absorbent powder; the drying temperature of the vacuum drying is 50-100 ℃.
6. A method for preparing a magnetic wave-absorbing material resistant to marine environment, which is characterized in that the magnetic wave-absorbing material is obtained by mixing and molding magnetic absorbent powder prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 5 with molding resin.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein:
the molding resin is any one or more selected from the group consisting of epoxy resin, bismaleimide resin, cyanate ester, and silicone resin.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein:
the mixing method of the magnetic absorbent powder and the molding resin is open mixing or banburying;
the mass ratio of the magnetic absorbent powder to the molding resin is (1-9): 1.
9. the method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein:
the molding is compression molding, and the magnetic wave-absorbing material obtained by molding is a sheet material or a block material;
the thickness of the magnetic wave-absorbing material is 0.2-100 mm.
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