CN112094101A - Formula and production method of urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick - Google Patents
Formula and production method of urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick Download PDFInfo
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- CN112094101A CN112094101A CN202010896744.1A CN202010896744A CN112094101A CN 112094101 A CN112094101 A CN 112094101A CN 202010896744 A CN202010896744 A CN 202010896744A CN 112094101 A CN112094101 A CN 112094101A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1324—Recycled material, e.g. tile dust, stone waste, spent refractory material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1321—Waste slurries, e.g. harbour sludge, industrial muds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/1328—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues without additional clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/0675—Vegetable refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. wood chips, cork, peat, paper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6562—Heating rate
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a formula and a production method of an urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick, wherein the urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of coal gangue, 8-12 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of construction waste, 40-60 parts of wet sludge and 10-15 parts of straw powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hollow bricks, and particularly belongs to a formula of an urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick and a production method thereof.
Background
Hollow bricks are often used in non-load bearing areas, with a void fraction equal to or greater than 35%, and bricks with large and small numbers of holes are called hollow bricks. The hollow bricks are divided into cement hollow bricks, clay hollow bricks and shale hollow bricks. The hollow brick is a main wall material commonly used in the construction industry, and has become a product recommended by national construction departments firstly due to the advantages of light weight, less consumption of raw materials and the like. Similar to red bricks, common raw materials for manufacturing hollow bricks are clay and cinder ash, and the general specification is 390X 190 mm. However, as the environmental protection of the country is continuously increased, the sintered hollow bricks gradually become a place with shortage of raw materials. The raw materials of the existing hollow brick mainly comprise clay, shale, coal gangue and the like, wherein the clay mainly plays a role in bonding, but a large amount of clay is needed for sintering the hollow brick, the national use control of the clay is stricter and stricter, and although the use amount of the clay is reduced in the existing hollow brick, the clay cannot be lacked. The municipal sludge is a pollutant, needs a great deal of manpower and material resources for treatment, contains a great amount of organic matters and clay, and is expected to replace the clay. However, the urban sludge has the problem that the sintered hollow brick has peculiar smell, and the sintered hollow brick has insufficient compressive strength, so that the urban sludge cannot be utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a formula of an urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick and a production method thereof, and solves the problems that the sintered hollow brick in the prior art has peculiar smell and the sintered hollow brick has insufficient compressive strength.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the formula of the urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of coal gangue, 8-12 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of construction waste, 40-60 parts of wet sludge and 10-15 parts of straw powder.
Preferably, the moisture content of the wet sludge is 40-45 wt%.
Preferably, the straw powder is at least one of rice straw, corn straw and wheat straw.
Preferably, the processing method of the straw powder comprises the following steps: firstly, drying and crushing the straws, then adding 10-15 wt% of quicklime into the crushed straws, then transferring the straws into a steamer to steam for 10min at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the straw powder.
Preferably, the construction waste comprises concrete and broken bricks, and the particle size of the construction waste is not more than 1 mm.
The production method of the urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick comprises the following steps:
s1, crushing the coal gangue and the construction waste;
s2, adding the coal gangue, the fly ash, the construction waste, the wet sludge and the straw powder into a stirrer according to the weight ratio, and stirring and mixing the materials until the materials are uniformly mixed;
s3, extruding the mixed raw materials through an extruder, and cutting to obtain a blank;
s4, ageing the blank at the shading position for 2-3 days at room temperature, and then sending the blank into a kiln;
s5, heating the blank in a kiln from room temperature to 900-1100 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 100-150 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 8-12h at 900-1100 ℃, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature in the kiln to obtain the hollow brick;
and S6, storing the hollow brick in a dry place.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following implementation effects:
1. the invention uses the straw powder as the raw material to be mixed with the municipal sludge for use, so that the produced hollow brick has no peculiar smell, and the density of the hollow brick is obviously reduced.
2. In the hollow brick raw material, the straw powder has the advantage of low density, and can obviously reduce the weight of the blank in the extrusion process after being mixed with other raw materials of the hollow brick, and the straw powder is firstly carbonized in the blank heating process, so that peculiar smell generated by sludge can be fully absorbed, and then at high temperature, organic matters with peculiar smell are combusted along with the carbonized straw powder, so that the peculiar smell gas is converted into gases such as carbon dioxide, water and the like, thereby eliminating the smell generated in the sludge heating process, and avoiding the pollution of the environment caused by a large amount of peculiar smell gas generated in the sludge heating process.
3. According to the invention, the quick lime is used for modifying the straw powder, so that the surface of the straw powder is alkalized, the mixing of the straw powder and the sludge is promoted, the problems of poor affinity and uneven mixing of the straw powder and the sludge are avoided, and after the quick lime of the modified straw powder is converted into the calcium hydroxide and the calcium carbonate, the calcium hydroxide and the calcium carbonate can be neutralized with alkaline substances in the sludge in the process of firing the hollow brick, and part of peculiar smell gas is removed.
4. The construction waste is used as the raw material of the hollow brick, so that the low-melting-point material in the concrete can be melted and recrystallized at high temperature and can be subjected to a curing reaction with the sludge, and the compressive strength of the hollow brick is improved.
5. The method of the invention prepares the urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick by gradually heating, can fully carbonize organic matters in the straw powder and the sludge in the heating process, and simultaneously avoids the quick diffusion of peculiar smell gas.
6. The formula of the invention effectively reduces the usage amount of the coal gangue, is more environment-friendly, fully utilizes the municipal sludge and the construction waste, solves the problem of straw accumulation, has great significance for environmental protection, and the prepared hollow brick has low density, large compressive strength and no peculiar smell, and can meet the requirements of building bricks.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The water content of the municipal sludge used in the invention is 40-45 wt%, and the organic matter content of the municipal sludge is 10-15 wt%; the construction waste contains cement and broken bricks.
Example 1
Firstly, crushing coal gangue and construction waste into powder with the particle size smaller than 1mm, drying 35 parts of rice and 65 parts of corn straws, crushing into powder with the particle size smaller than 2mm, then adding 10 wt% of quicklime into the crushed straws, then transferring the straws into a steamer to steam for 10min at the temperature of 60 ℃, and naturally cooling to the room temperature to obtain the straw powder.
Then adding 15 parts of coal gangue, 8 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of construction waste, 40 parts of wet sludge and 15 parts of straw powder into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing the materials until the materials are uniformly mixed; extruding the mixed raw materials through an extruder, and cutting to obtain a blank; aging the blank at the shading position for 2 days at room temperature, then sending the blank into a kiln, heating the blank from the room temperature to 960 ℃ at the heating speed of 100 ℃/h, then preserving the heat at 960 ℃ for 12h, and finally naturally cooling the blank to the room temperature in the kiln to obtain the hollow brick; and finally, storing the hollow brick in a dry place.
Example 2
Firstly, crushing coal gangue and construction waste into powder with the particle size smaller than 1mm, drying 45 parts of rice and 55 parts of wheat straw, crushing into powder with the particle size smaller than 2mm, then adding 15 wt% of quicklime into the crushed straw, then transferring the straw into a steamer to steam for 10min at the temperature of 80 ℃, and naturally cooling to the room temperature to obtain the straw powder.
Then adding 20 parts of coal gangue, 12 parts of fly ash, 10 parts of construction waste, 60 parts of wet sludge and 15 parts of straw powder into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing the materials until the materials are uniformly mixed; extruding the mixed raw materials through an extruder, and cutting to obtain a blank; aging the blank at the shading position for 3 days at room temperature, then sending the blank into a kiln, heating the blank from the room temperature to 1000 ℃ at the heating speed of 120 ℃/h, then preserving the heat at 1000 ℃ for 10h, and finally naturally cooling the blank to the room temperature in the kiln to obtain the hollow brick; and finally, storing the hollow brick in a dry place.
Example 3
Firstly, crushing coal gangue and construction waste into powder with the particle size smaller than 1mm, drying rice and corn straws, crushing the rice and corn straws into powder with the particle size smaller than 2mm, then adding 15 wt% of quicklime into the crushed straws, then transferring the straws into a steamer to steam for 10min at the temperature of 80 ℃, and naturally cooling the straws to the room temperature to obtain the straw powder.
Then adding 12 parts of coal gangue, 10 parts of fly ash, 8 parts of construction waste, 60 parts of wet sludge and 15 parts of straw powder into a stirrer, and stirring and mixing the materials until the materials are uniformly mixed; extruding the mixed raw materials through an extruder, and cutting to obtain a blank; aging the blank at the shading position for 3 days at room temperature, then sending the blank into a kiln, heating the blank to 1100 ℃ from the room temperature at the heating speed of 150 ℃/h, then preserving the heat for 8h at 1100 ℃, and finally naturally cooling the blank to the room temperature in the kiln to obtain the hollow brick; and finally, storing the hollow brick in a dry place.
Comparative example 1
The difference from the example 1 is that the quicklime added in the crushed straw is 0.
Comparative example 2
The difference from the example 1 is that the adding amount of the straw powder in the hollow brick raw material is 0.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that the construction waste is added in an amount of 0.
The hollow bricks of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for compressive strength and density by the test method in GB/T13545-2014, and subjected to judgment of odor by 10 testers, and the results are shown in the following table:
| example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Average compressive strength/MPa | 8.7 | 9.2 | 8.5 | 8.1 | 9.7 | 7.3 |
| Density kg/m3 | 834 | 837 | 836 | 826 | 912 | 803 |
| Peculiar smell | Has no peculiar smell | Has no peculiar smell | Has no peculiar smell | Slight odor | Has peculiar smell | Slight odor |
As can be seen from the above table, the straw powder is added, so that the peculiar smell of the hollow brick is effectively removed, the density of the hollow brick is reduced, and the addition of the construction waste has a remarkable enhancing effect on the compressive strength of the hollow brick.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The formula of the urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15-25 parts of coal gangue, 8-12 parts of fly ash, 5-10 parts of construction waste, 40-60 parts of wet sludge and 10-15 parts of straw powder.
2. The formula of the municipal sludge coal gangue hollow brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water content of the wet sludge is 40-45 wt%.
3. The formula of the municipal sludge coal gangue hollow brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the straw powder is at least one of rice straw, corn straw and wheat straw.
4. The formula of the municipal sludge coal gangue hollow brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the processing method of the straw powder comprises the following steps: firstly, drying and crushing the straws, then adding 10-15 wt% of quicklime into the crushed straws, then transferring the straws into a steamer to steam for 10min at the temperature of 60-80 ℃, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the straw powder.
5. The formula of the municipal sludge coal gangue hollow brick according to claim 1, characterized in that: the construction waste comprises concrete and broken bricks, and the particle size of the construction waste is not more than 1 mm.
6. The production method of the municipal sludge coal gangue hollow brick as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, crushing the coal gangue and the construction waste;
s2, adding the coal gangue, the fly ash, the construction waste, the wet sludge and the straw powder into a stirrer according to the weight ratio, and stirring and mixing the materials until the materials are uniformly mixed;
s3, extruding the mixed raw materials through an extruder, and cutting to obtain a blank;
s4, ageing the blank at the shading position for 2-3 days at room temperature, and then sending the blank into a kiln;
s5, heating the blank in a kiln from room temperature to 900-1100 ℃, wherein the heating speed is 100-150 ℃/h, then preserving heat for 8-12h at 900-1100 ℃, and finally naturally cooling to room temperature in the kiln to obtain the hollow brick;
and S6, storing the hollow brick in a dry place.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010896744.1A CN112094101A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Formula and production method of urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick |
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| CN202010896744.1A CN112094101A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Formula and production method of urban sludge and coal gangue hollow brick |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113416059A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-21 | 合肥长丰明华建材有限公司 | Coal gangue hollow brick forming method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| FR2688530A1 (en) * | 1992-03-11 | 1993-09-17 | Markovic Stefan | CONSTRUCTION MANUFACTURING METHOD AND MAIN MATERIAL AND SECONDARY CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL. |
| JPH0769705A (en) * | 1993-09-03 | 1995-03-14 | Inax Corp | Production of building material |
| WO2016150252A1 (en) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-09-29 | 浙江科技学院 | Rice straw biochar preparation method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113416059A (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-09-21 | 合肥长丰明华建材有限公司 | Coal gangue hollow brick forming method |
| CN113416059B (en) * | 2021-06-02 | 2022-07-12 | 合肥长丰明华建材有限公司 | Coal gangue hollow brick molding method |
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Application publication date: 20201218 |