CN112093837A - Seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy - Google Patents
Seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN112093837A CN112093837A CN202010994241.8A CN202010994241A CN112093837A CN 112093837 A CN112093837 A CN 112093837A CN 202010994241 A CN202010994241 A CN 202010994241A CN 112093837 A CN112093837 A CN 112093837A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/06—Flash evaporation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/002—Construction details of the apparatus
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/009—Apparatus with independent power supply, e.g. solar cells, windpower, fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of resource recycling, in particular to a seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy, which comprises the following steps: pumping the pretreated seawater into a solar preheating assembly through a pump I for preheating treatment; pumping the preheated seawater into a solar desalination circulating device through a pump II to carry out seawater desalination treatment to obtain high-temperature steam and high-temperature concentrated seawater; condensing high-temperature steam flowing through a condensing pipe I and a condensing pipe II to obtain fresh water; high-temperature concentrated seawater is pumped into the solar preheating assembly through the pump III, and is cooled through the water inlet pipe I, the plurality of snakelike heat exchange pipes and the water outlet pipe I, and then is conveyed to salt manufacturing equipment. The seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy provided by the invention can effectively utilize solar heat energy and solar electric energy to desalinate seawater, no harmful substance is discharged in the whole desalination treatment process, the environment is effectively protected, energy is saved, emission is reduced, and products such as fresh water, salt and the like are finally obtained.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, in particular to a seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy.
Background
Water resources are the material basis of production and life of human society. The occupied amount of freshwater people in China is only 1/4 on the average level in the world, and the water resource pressure is huge. Particularly, in coastal areas, the consumption of water resources is huge due to the development of economy. At present, more than 300 coastal cities in China have the problem of water shortage. The shortage of water resources not only limits the development speed of local economy and the further improvement of the quality of life of people, but also causes the problems of seawater backflow, ground subsidence and the like due to the excessive exploitation of underground water. Therefore, the method for obtaining fresh water from the ocean by utilizing the seawater desalination technology is an effective way for solving the problem of water shortage in coastal cities.
The traditional seawater desalination technology uses fossil energy as power, which can cause the discharge of various atmospheric pollutants and cause negative impact on the environment. And renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind energy and the like are abundant, have the characteristics of no pollution and reproducibility, and are very suitable for being used as a power source of a seawater desalination system. However, the existing solar photovoltaic and photo-thermal power generation systems still have the problems of low efficiency and high cost, and if the reverse osmosis seawater desalination system is driven by solar power generation, the initial investment is too large, and the economic benefit is not good.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy, which can effectively utilize solar heat energy and solar electric energy to desalinate seawater, has no discharge of harmful substances in the whole desalination treatment process, effectively protects the environment, saves energy, reduces emission, and finally obtains products such as fresh water, salt and the like.
To achieve these objects and other advantages in accordance with the purpose of the invention, there is provided a seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy, comprising the steps of:
pumping pretreated seawater into a solar preheating assembly through a pump I for preheating treatment; the solar preheating assembly comprises a heat-insulating substrate I which is obliquely fixed; the solar heat collecting plates I and the solar panels I are alternately arranged on the heat preservation substrate I, and the solar heat collecting plates I and the solar panels I which are alternately arranged are distributed in a wave shape, wherein the plurality of solar heat collecting plates I are distributed at the wave crest, and the plurality of solar panels I are distributed at the wave trough; the plurality of serpentine heat exchange tubes are correspondingly arranged below the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets one by one, and the tube wall parts of the plurality of serpentine heat exchange tubes are embedded and abutted on the bottoms of the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets I; the heat-insulation base plate I comprises a water inlet pipe I and a water outlet pipe I, wherein the water inlet pipe I and the water outlet pipe I are arranged at two ends of the heat-insulation base plate I, and two ends of a plurality of snake-shaped heat exchange pipes are respectively communicated to the water inlet pipe I and the water outlet pipe I; the water inlet pipe II and the water outlet pipe II are respectively communicated to the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the solar heat collecting sheets I; the condensation pipe I is arranged at the bottom of the solar cell panel I and is arranged among the solar heat collecting sheets I at intervals;
pumping the preheated seawater into a solar desalination circulating device through a pump II to carry out seawater desalination treatment to obtain high-temperature steam and high-temperature concentrated seawater; the solar desalination circulating device comprises a support groove which is obliquely arranged; the solar heat collecting plates II and the solar cell panels II are alternately arranged on the opening of the supporting groove, the upper ends of the solar heat collecting plates II are branched into a first liquid outlet on the sunny side and a second liquid outlet on the sunny side, and the circulating water return pipe is arranged at the bottom in the supporting groove; the vacuum evaporation shell comprises a cover body and a reflective bottom which are buckled with each other, a plurality of convex lenses with different focal lengths are uniformly distributed on the cover body, and the distance between the cover body and the reflective bottom plate is less than or equal to the length of the focal length of the largest convex lens in the plurality of convex lenses; the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments longitudinally extend and are arranged in the vacuum evaporation shell, and one ends of the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments are respectively communicated with the first liquid outlets of the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II; the liquid collecting pipe is arranged in the vacuum evaporation shell, and the other ends of the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane yarns are communicated with the liquid collecting pipe; one end of the liquid collecting pipe is closed, and the other end of the liquid collecting pipe extends outwards and is communicated to the water inlet pipe I; a steam outlet which is arranged on the vacuum evaporation shell; one end of the circulating water return pipe is connected to water inlets at the lower ends of the plurality of solar heat collecting plates II, the other end of the circulating water return pipe is connected to the second liquid outlet, and the circulating water return pipe is arranged at the bottom in the supporting groove; the liquid supplementing port is arranged on the circulating water return pipe and is close to the second liquid outlet; the condensation pipe II is coiled in the accommodating space between the circulating water return pipe and the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II, and the condensation pipe II is respectively abutted against the side walls of the circulating water return pipe and the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II;
thirdly, condensing the high-temperature steam flowing through the condensing pipe I and the condensing pipe II to obtain fresh water; and
pumping the high-temperature concentrated seawater into the solar preheating assembly through the pump III, cooling through the water inlet pipe I, the plurality of snakelike heat exchange pipes and the water outlet pipe I, and conveying to salt manufacturing equipment.
Preferably, the pretreatment is to filter the seawater to remove impurities and silt with the particle size of more than 1 cm.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: the temperature sensor I is arranged at the water inlet end of any one solar heat collecting piece I of the plurality of solar heat collecting pieces I, and the temperature sensor I acquires a temperature value Q1 of seawater at the primary water inlet end at intervals of a certain time t 1;
the temperature sensor II is arranged at the water outlet end of any one solar heat collecting sheet I in the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets I, and obtains a temperature value Q2 of seawater at the primary water inlet end at intervals of t 2;
the single chip microcomputer is in communication connection with the pump I, the pump II, the pump III, the temperature sensor I and the temperature sensor II, a temperature threshold M1 and a temperature threshold M2 are prestored in the single chip microcomputer, the temperature threshold M1 and the temperature threshold M2 are 60 ℃, the single chip microcomputer is further used for acquiring a temperature value Q1 and a temperature value Q2 in real time, and the temperature value Q1 and the temperature value Q2 are respectively compared with a threshold M1 for calculation: if the temperature value Q1 obtained continuously three times is not less than M1 and the temperature value Q2 is not less than M1, the single chip microcomputer controls the synchronous starting of the pump I, the pump II and the pump III; after the pump I and the pump II are synchronously started, the single chip microcomputer is also used for acquiring a temperature value Q1 and a temperature value Q2 in real time, and comparing and calculating the temperature value Q1 with a threshold value M2: if the temperature value Q1 obtained twice continuously is less than M2, the single chip microcomputer controls to synchronously close the pump I, the pump II and the pump III.
Preferably, the solar desalination cycle apparatus further comprises:
the temperature sensor III is arranged at the upper end of any one of the solar heat collecting sheets II;
the valves are respectively arranged at the first liquid outlets of the solar heat collecting pieces II;
the single chip microcomputer is prestored with a temperature threshold M3 which is 96 ℃, is also used for acquiring a temperature value Q3 in real time, and compares and calculates the temperature value Q3 with the threshold M3: if the temperature value Q3 obtained twice continuously is not less than M3, the single chip microcomputer controls to synchronously open a plurality of valves; after a plurality of valves are opened, the single chip microcomputer is also used for acquiring a temperature value Q3 in real time and comparing and calculating the temperature value Q3 with a threshold value M3: if the temperature value Q3 obtained continuously three times is less than M3, the single chip microcomputer controls to synchronously close the valves.
Preferably, the vacuum evaporation shell is of a fan-shaped structure, and any one group of hollow fiber membrane filaments in the multiple groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments are distributed in a divergent manner upwards by taking the lower end of the hollow fiber membrane filaments as a handle part;
the reflection of light bottom is set up by the concatenation of a plurality of arc reflectors, and a plurality of arc reflectors correspond the setting of multiunit hollow fiber membrane silk, and the axial of a plurality of arc reflectors suits with the extending direction of multiunit hollow fiber membrane silk.
Preferably, the ratio of the salt content of the concentrated seawater subjected to temperature reduction treatment to the salt content of the seawater in the first step is 5:2-7: 2.
Preferably, in the third step, the soluble total solid content of the fresh water is less than 50 mg/L.
Preferably, the storage battery is electrically connected with the solar cell panel I and the solar cell panel II; the storage battery is further electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, the pump I, the pump II, the pump III, the temperature sensor I, the temperature sensor II, the temperature sensor III and the valves.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the step one, adopt solar energy to preheat the subassembly and preheat the sea water to the uniform temperature, the solar energy that a plurality of solar energy collection piece I acquireed on the one hand, on the other hand still can fully absorb the heat energy of the concentrated sea water of high temperature in a plurality of snakelike heat transfer pipes and the heat energy of the steam in the condenser pipe I, reach the triple purpose of preheating sea water, condensed steam and the concentrated sea water of high temperature cooling processing, energy-conserving high-efficient. The solar panels I can convert solar energy into electric energy to be stored and serve as power supplies to be applied; pumping the preheated seawater into a solar desalination circulating device through a pump II, and further heating the preheated seawater through a plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II to reach a higher temperature; then, the seawater with higher relative temperature close to the upper surfaces of the plurality of solar heat collecting plates II enters a plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments through a first liquid outlet, and the seawater with lower relative temperature close to the lower bottom surfaces of the plurality of solar heat collecting plates II enters a circulating water return pipe through a second liquid outlet so as to further improve the temperature of the seawater; under the action of the internal and external temperature difference of the vacuum evaporation shell, high-temperature seawater entering a plurality of groups of hollow fiber yarns is quickly evaporated and enters a cavity of the vacuum evaporation shell, flows out through a steam outlet and sequentially enters a condensing pipe II and the condensing pipe I for cold energy treatment to obtain fresh water; redundant high-temperature concentrated seawater in the plurality of groups of hollow fiber wires flows into the plurality of snakelike heat exchange tubes through the water inlet pipe I to be subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction treatment; the upper surfaces of the solar heat collecting sheets I and the solar heat collecting sheets II are provided with vacuum heat absorbing film layers, and the lower surfaces of the solar heat collecting sheets I and the solar heat collecting sheets II are provided with contact heat absorbing layers, so that heat exchange with the plurality of coiled pipes, the condensing pipes II or the condensing pipes I can be realized better; the heat-insulating layers are arranged on the heat-insulating substrate and the supporting groove, so that heat in the equipment is effectively prevented from being dissipated; the plurality of convex lenses on the vacuum evaporation shell can quickly carry out body temperature on the inner cavity of the vacuum evaporation shell, and light rays entering the vacuum evaporation shell can shine to the bottoms of the plurality of groups of hollow fiber yarns after being reflected by the light-emitting bottom to comprehensively heat and shine the hollow fiber yarns, so that the evaporation speed of seawater in the vacuum evaporation shell is effectively improved; the fresh water obtained in the step three can be further prepared into production water or domestic water according to indexes; the high-temperature concentrated seawater can be used for extracting salt or preparing brine.
In conclusion, the seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy provided by the invention can effectively utilize solar heat energy and solar electric energy to desalinate seawater, no harmful substances are discharged in the whole desalination treatment process, the environment is effectively protected, energy is saved, emission is reduced, and products such as fresh water, salt and the like are finally obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a clean energy based desalination treatment method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar preheating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a solar preheating assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar desalination cycle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a solar desalination cycle apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a solar desalination cycle apparatus according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic top view of a reflective substrate and a plurality of sets of hollow fiber membrane filaments according to still another embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1-3, a seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy comprises the following steps:
pumping pretreated seawater into a solar preheating assembly through a pump I for preheating treatment; the solar preheating assembly 10 comprises a heat-insulating substrate I101 which is obliquely fixed; the solar heat collecting plates I102 and the solar panels I103 are arranged on the heat preservation substrate I in an alternating mode, and the solar heat collecting plates I and the solar panels I which are arranged in the alternating mode are distributed in a wavy mode, wherein the solar heat collecting plates I are distributed at the wave crest, and the solar panels I are distributed at the wave trough; the plurality of serpentine heat exchange tubes 104 are correspondingly arranged below the plurality of solar heat collecting plates one by one, and the tube wall parts of the plurality of serpentine heat exchange tubes are embedded and abutted on the bottoms of the plurality of solar heat collecting plates I; the heat-insulation base plate I comprises a water inlet pipe I105 and a water outlet pipe I106, wherein the water inlet pipe I and the water outlet pipe I are arranged at two ends of the heat-insulation base plate I, and two ends of a plurality of snake-shaped heat exchange pipes are respectively communicated with the water inlet pipe I and the water outlet pipe I; the water inlet pipe II 107 and the water outlet pipe II 108 are respectively communicated to the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the solar heat collecting sheets I; the condensation pipe I109 is arranged at the bottom of the solar cell panel I and is arranged among the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets I at intervals;
pumping the preheated seawater into a solar desalination circulating device through a pump II to carry out seawater desalination treatment to obtain high-temperature steam and high-temperature concentrated seawater; as shown in fig. 4-5, the solar desalination circulation device 20 includes an inclined support groove 201; the solar heat collecting plates II 202 and the solar cell panels II 203 are alternately arranged on the opening of the supporting groove, and the upper ends of the solar heat collecting plates II are branched into a first liquid outlet 2021 at the sunny side and a second liquid outlet 2022 at the back sunny side; the vacuum evaporation shell 204 comprises a cover body 2041 and a reflective bottom 2042 which are buckled with each other, a plurality of convex lenses 2043 with different focal lengths are uniformly distributed on the cover body, and the distance between the cover body and the reflective bottom plate is less than or equal to the length of the focal length of the largest convex lens in the plurality of convex lenses; a plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane wires 2044 longitudinally extend in the vacuum evaporation shell, and one ends of the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane wires are respectively communicated with the first liquid outlets of the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II; a liquid collecting pipe 2045 which is arranged in the vacuum evaporation shell, and the other ends of the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments are communicated with the liquid collecting pipe; one end of the liquid collecting pipe is closed, and the other end of the liquid collecting pipe extends outwards and is communicated to the water inlet pipe I; a vapor outlet 2046 which opens onto the vacuum evaporation shell; a circulating water return pipe 205, one end of which is connected to the water inlets at the lower ends of the plurality of solar heat collecting plates ii and the other end of which is connected to the second liquid outlet, and the circulating water return pipe is arranged at the bottom in the supporting groove; a fluid infusion port 2051 which is provided on the circulating water return pipe and is arranged near the second fluid outlet; the condensation pipe II 206 is coiled in the accommodating space between the circulating water return pipe and the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II, and the condensation pipe II is respectively abutted against the side walls of the circulating water return pipe and the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II;
thirdly, condensing the high-temperature steam flowing through the condensing pipe I and the condensing pipe II to obtain fresh water; and
pumping the high-temperature concentrated seawater into the solar preheating assembly through the pump III, cooling through the water inlet pipe I, the plurality of snakelike heat exchange pipes and the water outlet pipe I, and conveying to salt manufacturing equipment.
In this scheme, in step one, adopt solar energy to preheat the subassembly and preheat the sea water to the uniform temperature, for example 60 ℃, 65 ℃, 70 ℃ etc. solar energy that usable a plurality of solar energy collection piece I acquireed on the one hand, on the other hand still can fully absorb the heat energy of the concentrated sea water of high temperature in a plurality of snakelike heat transfer pipes and the heat energy of the steam in the condenser pipe I, reach the triple purpose of preheating sea water, condensation steam and the concentrated sea water of high temperature cooling processing, it is energy-conserving high-efficient. The solar panels I can convert solar energy into electric energy to be stored and serve as power supplies to be applied; pumping the preheated seawater into a solar desalination circulating device through a pump II, and further heating the preheated seawater through a plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II to reach a higher temperature, such as 85 ℃, 90 ℃, 95 ℃ or even close to 100 ℃; then, the seawater with higher relative temperature close to the upper surfaces of the plurality of solar heat collecting plates II enters a plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments through a first liquid outlet, and the seawater with lower relative temperature close to the lower bottom surfaces of the plurality of solar heat collecting plates II enters a circulating water return pipe through a second liquid outlet so as to further improve the temperature of the seawater; under the action of the internal and external temperature difference of the vacuum evaporation shell, high-temperature seawater entering a plurality of groups of hollow fiber yarns is quickly evaporated and enters a cavity of the vacuum evaporation shell, flows out through a steam outlet and sequentially enters a condensing pipe II and the condensing pipe I for cold energy treatment to obtain fresh water; redundant high-temperature concentrated seawater in the plurality of groups of hollow fiber wires flows into the plurality of snakelike heat exchange tubes through the water inlet pipe I to be subjected to heat exchange and temperature reduction treatment; the upper surfaces of the solar heat collecting sheets I and the solar heat collecting sheets II are provided with vacuum heat absorbing film layers, and the lower surfaces of the solar heat collecting sheets I and the solar heat collecting sheets II are provided with contact heat absorbing layers, so that heat exchange with the plurality of coiled pipes, the condensing pipes II or the condensing pipes I can be realized better; the heat-insulating layers are arranged on the heat-insulating substrate and the supporting groove, so that heat in the equipment is effectively prevented from being dissipated; the plurality of convex lenses on the vacuum evaporation shell can quickly carry out body temperature on the inner cavity of the vacuum evaporation shell, and light rays entering the vacuum evaporation shell can shine to the bottoms of the plurality of groups of hollow fiber yarns after being reflected by the light-emitting bottom to comprehensively heat and shine the hollow fiber yarns, so that the evaporation speed of seawater in the vacuum evaporation shell is effectively improved; the fresh water obtained in the step three can be further prepared into production water or domestic water according to indexes; the high-temperature concentrated seawater can be used for extracting salt or preparing brine.
In conclusion, the seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy provided by the invention can effectively utilize solar heat energy and solar electric energy to desalinate seawater, no harmful substances are discharged in the whole desalination treatment process, the environment is effectively protected, energy is saved, emission is reduced, and products such as fresh water, salt and the like are finally obtained.
In a preferable scheme, the pretreatment is to filter the seawater to remove impurities and silt with the particle size of more than 1 cm. The seawater is pretreated to remove impurities and silt and avoid blockage, so that the solar preheating assembly and the solar desalination circulating device are effectively protected.
In a preferred embodiment, the method further comprises: the temperature sensor I is arranged at the water inlet end of any one solar heat collecting piece I of the plurality of solar heat collecting pieces I, and the temperature sensor I acquires a temperature value Q1 of seawater at the primary water inlet end at intervals of a certain time t 1; the temperature sensor II is arranged at the water outlet end of any one solar heat collecting sheet I in the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets I, and obtains a temperature value Q2 of seawater at the primary water inlet end at intervals of t 2; the single chip microcomputer is in communication connection with the pump I, the pump II, the pump III, the temperature sensor I and the temperature sensor II, a temperature threshold M1 and a temperature threshold M2 are prestored in the single chip microcomputer, the temperature threshold M1 and the temperature threshold M2 are 60 ℃, the single chip microcomputer is further used for acquiring a temperature value Q1 and a temperature value Q2 in real time, and the temperature value Q1 and the temperature value Q2 are respectively compared with a threshold M1 for calculation: if the temperature value Q1 obtained continuously three times is not less than M1 and the temperature value Q2 is not less than M1, the single chip microcomputer controls the synchronous starting of the pump I, the pump II and the pump III; after the pump I and the pump II are synchronously started, the single chip microcomputer is also used for acquiring a temperature value Q1 and a temperature value Q2 in real time, and comparing and calculating the temperature value Q1 with a threshold value M2: if the temperature value Q1 obtained twice continuously is less than M2, the single chip microcomputer controls to synchronously close the pump I, the pump II and the pump III. In this scheme, through the singlechip with II cooperations of temperature sensor I and temperature sensor control pump I, the opening and close of pump II and pump III, and then control solar energy and preheat the water of subassembly and reach predetermined requirement, later reentrant solar energy desalination device is the temperature guarantee that the sea water can smooth desalination in solar energy desalination device.
As shown in fig. 6, in a preferred embodiment, the solar desalination circulation device further includes: the temperature sensor III is arranged at the upper end of any one of the solar heat collecting sheets II; the valves 2023 are respectively arranged at the first liquid outlets of the solar heat collecting plates ii; the single chip microcomputer is prestored with a temperature threshold M3 which is 96 ℃, is also used for acquiring a temperature value Q3 in real time, and compares and calculates the temperature value Q3 with the threshold M3: if the temperature value Q3 obtained twice continuously is not less than M3, the single chip microcomputer controls to synchronously open a plurality of valves; after a plurality of valves are opened, the single chip microcomputer is also used for acquiring a temperature value Q3 in real time and comparing and calculating the temperature value Q3 with a threshold value M3: if the temperature value Q3 obtained continuously three times is less than M3, the single chip microcomputer controls to synchronously close the valves. In this scheme, the singlechip cooperates with III cooperation control a plurality of valves of temperature sensor to open and close to evaporating temperature with the sea water of guaranteeing to get into in the hollow fiber membrane silk, and then effectively guarantee the evaporation rate of high temperature sea water in the hollow fiber membrane silk, effectively improve evaporation efficiency.
As shown in fig. 7, in a preferred embodiment, the vacuum evaporation shell has a fan-shaped structure, and any one of the hollow fiber membrane filaments in the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments is distributed in an upward divergent manner with the lower end thereof serving as a handle; the reflection of light bottom is set up by the concatenation of a plurality of arc reflector panels 20421, and a plurality of arc reflector panels correspond the setting of multiunit hollow fiber membrane silk, and the axial of a plurality of arc reflector panels suits with the extending direction of multiunit hollow fiber membrane silk. In this scheme, multiunit hollow fiber membrane silk is dispersed and is opened the setting, can improve its illumination area, and then makes steam spill over rapidly, improves to evaporate. Wherein, the outer diameter of any group of hollow fiber membrane filaments in the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments is 0.5-2.5mm, the inner diameter is 0.3-1.8mm, and the membrane material of the hollow fiber membrane is selected from a mixed fiber ester microporous filter membrane, a regenerated cellulose filter membrane, a polyamide filter membrane, a polytetrafluoroethylene filter membrane, a polyvinyl chloride filter membrane and the like.
In a preferred embodiment, the ratio of the salt content of the concentrated seawater after the temperature reduction treatment to the salt content of the seawater in the first step is 5:2-7:2, such as: the ratio is 5:2, 6:2 or 7:2, the high concentration ratio of the seawater shows that the seawater desalination rate of the invention is at least 59%, and the seawater desalination rate is set in areas with superior illumination conditions, even the seawater desalination rate is 71%.
In a preferable scheme, in the third step, the soluble total solid content of the fresh water is lower than 50 mg/L. Meets the requirements of production and living water, and can be further processed according to the requirements.
In a preferred scheme, the storage battery is electrically connected with the solar cell panel I and the solar cell panel II; the storage battery is further electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, the pump I, the pump II, the pump III, the temperature sensor I, the temperature sensor II, the temperature sensor III and the valves. The battery may be used to store electrical energy and to power electrical equipment.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
pumping pretreated seawater into a solar preheating assembly through a pump I for preheating treatment; the solar preheating assembly comprises a heat-insulating substrate I which is obliquely fixed; the solar heat collecting plates I and the solar panels I are alternately arranged on the heat preservation substrate I, and the solar heat collecting plates I and the solar panels I which are alternately arranged are distributed in a wave shape, wherein the plurality of solar heat collecting plates I are distributed at the wave crest, and the plurality of solar panels I are distributed at the wave trough; the plurality of serpentine heat exchange tubes are correspondingly arranged below the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets one by one, and the tube wall parts of the plurality of serpentine heat exchange tubes are embedded and abutted on the bottoms of the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets I; the heat-insulation base plate I comprises a water inlet pipe I and a water outlet pipe I, wherein the water inlet pipe I and the water outlet pipe I are arranged at two ends of the heat-insulation base plate I, and two ends of a plurality of snake-shaped heat exchange pipes are respectively communicated to the water inlet pipe I and the water outlet pipe I; the water inlet pipe II and the water outlet pipe II are respectively communicated to the water inlet end and the water outlet end of the solar heat collecting sheets I; the condensation pipe I is arranged at the bottom of the solar cell panel I and is arranged among the solar heat collecting sheets I at intervals;
pumping the preheated seawater into a solar desalination circulating device through a pump II to carry out seawater desalination treatment to obtain high-temperature steam and high-temperature concentrated seawater; the solar desalination circulating device comprises a support groove which is obliquely arranged; the solar heat collecting plates II and the solar cell panels II are alternately arranged on the opening of the supporting groove, the upper ends of the solar heat collecting plates II are branched into a first liquid outlet on the sunny side and a second liquid outlet on the sunny side, and the circulating water return pipe is arranged at the bottom in the supporting groove; the vacuum evaporation shell comprises a cover body and a reflective bottom which are buckled with each other, a plurality of convex lenses with different focal lengths are uniformly distributed on the cover body, and the distance between the cover body and the reflective bottom plate is less than or equal to the length of the focal length of the largest convex lens in the plurality of convex lenses; the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments longitudinally extend and are arranged in the vacuum evaporation shell, and one ends of the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments are respectively communicated with the first liquid outlets of the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II; the liquid collecting pipe is arranged in the vacuum evaporation shell, and the other ends of the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane yarns are communicated with the liquid collecting pipe; one end of the liquid collecting pipe is closed, and the other end of the liquid collecting pipe extends outwards and is communicated to the water inlet pipe I; a steam outlet which is arranged on the vacuum evaporation shell; one end of the circulating water return pipe is connected to water inlets at the lower ends of the plurality of solar heat collecting plates II, the other end of the circulating water return pipe is connected to the second liquid outlet, and the circulating water return pipe is arranged at the bottom in the supporting groove; the liquid supplementing port is arranged on the circulating water return pipe and is close to the second liquid outlet; the condensation pipe II is coiled in the accommodating space between the circulating water return pipe and the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II, and the condensation pipe II is respectively abutted against the side walls of the circulating water return pipe and the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets II;
thirdly, condensing the high-temperature steam flowing through the condensing pipe I and the condensing pipe II to obtain fresh water; and
pumping the high-temperature concentrated seawater into the solar preheating assembly through the pump III, cooling through the water inlet pipe I, the plurality of snakelike heat exchange pipes and the water outlet pipe I, and conveying to salt manufacturing equipment.
2. The seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy of claim 1, wherein the pretreatment is to filter seawater to remove impurities and silt with particle size larger than 1 cm.
3. The clean energy based seawater desalination process of claim 1, further comprising:
the temperature sensor I is arranged at the water inlet end of any one solar heat collecting piece I of the plurality of solar heat collecting pieces I, and the temperature sensor I acquires a temperature value Q1 of seawater at the primary water inlet end at intervals of a certain time t 1;
the temperature sensor II is arranged at the water outlet end of any one solar heat collecting sheet I in the plurality of solar heat collecting sheets I, and obtains a temperature value Q2 of seawater at the primary water inlet end at intervals of t 2;
the single chip microcomputer is in communication connection with the pump I, the pump II, the pump III, the temperature sensor I and the temperature sensor II, a temperature threshold M1 and a temperature threshold M2 are prestored in the single chip microcomputer, the temperature threshold M1 and the temperature threshold M2 are 60 ℃, the single chip microcomputer is further used for acquiring a temperature value Q1 and a temperature value Q2 in real time, and the temperature value Q1 and the temperature value Q2 are respectively compared with a threshold M1 for calculation: if the temperature value Q1 obtained continuously three times is not less than M1 and the temperature value Q2 is not less than M1, the single chip microcomputer controls the synchronous starting of the pump I, the pump II and the pump III; after the pump I and the pump II are synchronously started, the single chip microcomputer is also used for acquiring a temperature value Q1 and a temperature value Q2 in real time, and comparing and calculating the temperature value Q1 with a threshold value M2: if the temperature value Q1 obtained twice continuously is less than M2, the single chip microcomputer controls to synchronously close the pump I, the pump II and the pump III.
4. The clean energy based desalination treatment method of claim 1, wherein the solar desalination cycle apparatus further comprises:
the temperature sensor III is arranged at the upper end of any one of the solar heat collecting sheets II;
the valves are respectively arranged at the first liquid outlets of the solar heat collecting pieces II;
the single chip microcomputer is prestored with a temperature threshold M3 which is 96 ℃, is also used for acquiring a temperature value Q3 in real time, and compares and calculates the temperature value Q3 with the threshold M3: if the temperature value Q3 obtained twice continuously is not less than M3, the single chip microcomputer controls to synchronously open a plurality of valves; after a plurality of valves are opened, the single chip microcomputer is also used for acquiring a temperature value Q3 in real time and comparing and calculating the temperature value Q3 with a threshold value M3: if the temperature value Q3 obtained continuously three times is less than M3, the single chip microcomputer controls to synchronously close the valves.
5. The seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vacuum evaporation shell has a fan-shaped structure, and any one of the plurality of groups of hollow fiber membrane filaments is distributed in an upward divergent manner with the lower end thereof as a handle;
the reflection of light bottom is set up by the concatenation of a plurality of arc reflectors, and a plurality of arc reflectors correspond the setting of multiunit hollow fiber membrane silk, and the axial of a plurality of arc reflectors suits with the extending direction of multiunit hollow fiber membrane silk.
6. The clean energy based seawater desalination treatment method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ratio of the salinity of the concentrated seawater after temperature reduction treatment to the salinity of the seawater in the first step is 5:2-7: 2.
7. The clean energy based desalination treatment of sea water according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the total dissolved solids content of the fresh water is less than 50 mg/L.
8. The seawater desalination treatment method based on clean energy as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a storage battery electrically connected with the solar panel I and the solar panel II; the storage battery is further electrically connected with the single chip microcomputer, the pump I, the pump II, the pump III, the temperature sensor I, the temperature sensor II, the temperature sensor III and the valves.
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Effective date of registration: 20211028 Address after: 225111 in Hangji Industrial Park, Hangji Town, ecological science and technology new town, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: YANGZHOU HANGJI CREATIVE DESIGN PARK Co.,Ltd. Address before: Room 409, door 4, 5 / F, building 2, No. 40, Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089 Applicant before: Jin Wenxian |
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