CN112087006A

CN112087006A - Battery pack, charging system and discharging system

Info

Publication number: CN112087006A
Application number: CN201910506593.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张庆; 邓强
Original assignee: Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Current assignee: Positec Power Tools Suzhou Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-06-12
Filing date: 2019-06-12
Publication date: 2020-12-15

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery pack, which is detachably connected to an external device for charging or discharging, wherein the external device comprises an electrical appliance and a charger, the battery pack comprises a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal, and the storage unit stores charging parameters and discharging parameters of the battery pack; the communication unit is connected to the external device through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the external device, and the communication unit is connected to the storage unit and transmits the charging parameter or the discharging parameter to the external device from the communication terminal, so that the external device controls a charging process or a discharging process according to the charging parameter or the discharging parameter. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the battery pack can be well controlled in charging or discharging on different external devices, and is wide in adaptation range and high in universality.

Description

Battery pack, charging system and discharging system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of power supplies, in particular to a battery pack, a charging system and a discharging system.

Background

In the field of power tools, power tools often employ high energy density battery packs as portable power sources to power the power tools. The battery pack is composed of a plurality of batteries, an interface unit can realize the connection with a tool or a charger, the battery pack discharges the batteries when the battery pack is matched with the tool, and the charger charges the batteries in the battery pack when the battery pack is matched with the charger, thereby realizing the repeated use. With the development of the technology, the lithium battery pack formed by the lithium battery gradually becomes the mainstream, and because of the advantages of large energy density and the like of the lithium battery, the lithium battery pack has the advantages of large capacity, small volume and the like, and provides energy sources for handheld electric tools, even electric vehicles and the like.

A power tool can be matched with a plurality of different types of battery packs, such as battery packs of 1P-2.0AH and 2P-4.0AH or battery packs of 21700-1P and 18650-1P, and a charger can also be matched with the battery packs, so that the purchase cost of a user is low. The replaceable battery packs have certain differences in charging or discharging use due to different internal device types or circuit connections. For better control, an identification element representing the type is usually provided in the battery pack, and external devices such as a power tool and a charger can detect the identification element to identify the type of the battery pack, so that different charging or discharging control parameters are set. Such battery pack and charger/electric tool are designed as a set, if the battery pack is designed with 3 types 1P, 2P, 3P, then the tool or charger in the set can only identify the three types of battery packs corresponding to the 3 types of identification elements, but cannot identify other types of battery packs and control charging and discharging well, and the 3 types of battery packs in the set can not work optimally when configured to the external device outside the set. Therefore, the battery pack and the external equipment are small in adaptation range and low in universality.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on this, in order to solve the problems of small adaptation range and low universality of the battery pack and the external device, an embodiment of the invention provides a battery pack with high adaptation: a battery pack detachably connectable to an external device including an electric consumer and a charger to perform charging or discharging, characterized in that the battery pack includes a storage unit storing charging parameters and discharging parameters of the battery pack, a communication unit, and a communication terminal; the communication unit is connected to the external device through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the external device, and the communication unit is connected to the storage unit and transmits the charging parameter or the discharging parameter to the external device from the communication terminal, so that the external device controls a charging process or a discharging process according to the charging parameter or the discharging parameter.

Further, the charging parameter comprises a maximum allowable charging current; and the charger sets a constant current charging current value according to the maximum allowable charging current and controls the constant current charging process.

Further, the charging parameters comprise a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature; the charger sets a charging over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature, when the charger obtains the temperature of the battery pack, the temperature of the battery pack is compared with the charging over-temperature protection value, when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the charging over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the charger stops the charging process.

Further, the charging parameter comprises a maximum allowable charging voltage; and the charger sets a constant voltage charging voltage value according to the maximum allowable charging voltage and controls the constant voltage charging process.

Further, the discharge parameter includes a maximum allowable discharge current; and the electrical appliance sets an overcurrent protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge current, detects the discharge current, and stops the discharge process when the discharge current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection value.

Further, the discharge parameters comprise a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature; and the electrical appliance sets a discharge over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature, acquires the temperature of the battery pack, compares the temperature of the battery pack with the discharge over-temperature protection value, generates an over-temperature fault when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the discharge over-temperature protection value, and stops the discharge process of the electrical appliance.

Further, the discharge parameter includes a minimum allowable discharge voltage; the electric appliance sets an over-discharge protection value according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the electric appliance obtains the discharge voltage of the battery pack, the discharge voltage of the battery pack is compared with the over-discharge protection value, when the discharge voltage of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to the over-discharge protection value, an over-discharge fault occurs, and the electric appliance stops a discharge process.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a charging system with high adaptability: including charger, battery package detachable installs on the charger in order to charge its characterized in that: the battery pack comprises a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal; the storage unit stores charging parameters of the battery pack, the communication unit is connected to the charger through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the charger, and the communication unit is connected with the storage and sends the charging parameters to the charger through the communication terminal; and the charger receives the charging parameters and controls the charging process according to the charging parameters.

Further, the charging parameters include a maximum allowable charging current, and the charger sets a constant current charging current value according to the maximum allowable charging current to control a constant current charging process.

Further, the charging parameters comprise a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature; the charger sets an over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature, the charger obtains the temperature of the battery pack, compares the temperature of the battery pack with the charging over-temperature protection value, and when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the charging over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the charger stops the charging process.

An embodiment of the present invention further provides a high-adaptability discharge system: including with electrical apparatus, battery package detachable installs and discharges on with electrical apparatus, its characterized in that: the battery pack comprises a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal; the storage unit stores discharge parameters of the battery pack, the communication unit is connected to the electrical appliance through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the electrical appliance, and the communication unit is connected with the storage and sends the discharge parameters to the electrical appliance through the communication terminal; and the electrical appliance receives the discharge parameters and controls the discharge process according to the discharge parameters.

Further, the discharge parameter includes a minimum allowable discharge voltage; and the electrical appliance sets an over-discharge protection value according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, acquires the voltage of the battery pack, compares the voltage of the battery pack with the over-discharge protection value, and stops the discharge process when the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the over-discharge protection value and the over-discharge fault occurs.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the battery pack is connected with the external device through communication, and can send preset charging parameters and discharging parameters to the external device through the communication unit, so that the external device can control the charging process or the discharging process according to the charging parameters or the discharging parameters. Compared with the traditional battery pack, the battery pack can only be adapted to the external equipment with fixed model and the external equipment can only be adapted to the battery pack with fixed signal, the battery pack, the charging system and the discharging system have wide adaptation range and high universality.

Drawings

The above objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention can be achieved by the following drawings:

fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for identifying an operating state of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack structure according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a battery pack according to yet another embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for identifying an operating state of a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is connected to an external device for charging or discharging. The external equipment comprises an electrical appliance and a charger, and the working state comprises a charging state and a discharging state. The battery pack includes a communication terminal that establishes communication with an external device when the battery pack is connected to the external device. The method comprises the following steps:

s100: whether the communication terminal of the battery pack receives a digital signal of an external device is detected.

And after the battery pack is electrified, the communication function is started to communicate with the external equipment, the external equipment is used as a host to send digital signals in the communication process, and the battery pack is used as a slave to receive and reply the digital signals. In this embodiment, the digital signal may be a handshake signal. Firstly, the battery pack needs to judge whether the external device has a communication function, that is, after the battery pack is powered on, a control module in the battery pack detects whether a digital signal sent by the external device is received within a certain time.

S300: if yes, judging the type of the external equipment according to the digital signal.

The digital signal carries information of the external device, for example, type information of the external device, different types of external devices can send different digital signals, and the battery pack can identify the difference of the digital signals to judge whether the external device is an electrical appliance or a charger. For example, the digital signal may be a handshake signal transmitted by an external device having a communication function. The source address information carried by the handshake signals sent by different external devices is also different, so that after the battery pack receives the handshake signals, the type of the external device can be determined according to the source address of the handshake signals.

S500: if not, detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal of the battery pack, and judging the type of the external equipment according to the analog signal.

If the battery pack does not receive the digital signal within a certain time, the external device is judged to be not provided with the communication function, namely the battery pack cannot acquire data through the communication function to acquire the type of the external device. At this time, the control module of the battery pack turns off the communication function, and detects an analog signal at the communication terminal of the battery pack to determine the type of the external device. In this embodiment, the analog signal may be a voltage state at the communication terminal. In other embodiments, the control module of the battery pack may also choose not to turn off the communication function because the battery pack is used as a communication slave, is in a receiving state by default, does not actively send data to the communication terminal, and does not affect the analog signal for detecting the communication terminal.

The communication terminal of the battery pack is used for connecting external equipment, the external equipment comprises an electric appliance or a charger, when the charger or the electric appliance is respectively connected with the battery pack, analog circuits which are connected with the communication terminal of the battery pack in the charger or the electric appliance are different, and then analog signals reflected on the communication terminal are different, so that the type of the external equipment can be judged by detecting the analog signals at the communication terminal of the battery pack

S700: when the external equipment is judged to be the charger, the battery pack is in a charging state.

S900: when the external equipment is judged to be the electric appliance, the battery pack is in a discharging state.

According to the identification method for the working state of the battery pack and the battery pack, the battery pack is communicated with external equipment by detecting the digital signals at the communication terminal to judge whether the external equipment is externally connected with a charger or an electric appliance, and further judge whether the external equipment is charged or discharged. When the external device does not have the communication function, the battery pack can judge the type of the external device by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal, namely the battery pack can be used for the external device without the communication function and can also be used for the external device with the communication function, the use scenes are more, the battery pack only needs one port to receive the digital signal and the analog signal to judge the type of the external device, the number of the ports is less, and the integration level is high.

With continued reference to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the digital signals include a first handshake signal and a second handshake signal. Judging the type of the external device according to the digital signal includes:

s320: and when the digital signal is a first handshake signal, the external equipment is judged to be a charger.

When the handshake signal is a first handshake signal, the battery pack detects a source address of the first handshake signal after receiving the first handshake signal, and then the externally connected charger can be determined. And after the battery pack identifies the first handshake signal, replying the first handshake signal. After the battery pack recognizes that the external device is a charger, the battery pack only performs overcharge judgment in the overcharge judgment and the overdischarge judgment. In this embodiment, the battery pack performs overcharge judgment, that is, the battery pack acquires the voltage of the battery pack to judge whether the battery pack is overcharged, if the battery pack is overcharged, an abnormal signal is output, the charger receives the abnormal signal and stops charging, and if the battery pack is not overcharged, the battery pack enters a charging state.

In other embodiments, after the battery pack receives the handshake signal, if the handshake signal cannot be identified, the battery pack replies the unidentifiable signal, at this time, the external device fails to handshake with the battery pack, and the battery pack determines the type of the external device by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal.

S340: and receiving a parameter reading instruction sent by the charger.

When the handshake between the battery pack and the charger is successful, the battery pack can establish a communication relation with the charger, and during communication, the charger serves as a host to send a command, and the battery pack serves as a slave to receive the command. And the charger sends a parameter reading instruction every other first preset time, and the battery pack receives the parameter reading instruction of the charger every other first preset time.

S360: and sending the working parameters and/or the state parameters of the battery pack according to the parameter reading instruction.

And after the battery pack receives the parameter reading instruction, analyzing the information carried by the parameter reading instruction, and sending the corresponding working parameters and/or state parameters to the charger.

The working parameters are fixed and unchangeable parameters determined by the selection of the battery cells of the battery pack, the serial and parallel connection structure characteristics of the battery cells and the like, and reflect the limit value of the allowable work of the battery pack, and the working parameters are stored in the battery pack in advance. In this embodiment, since the external device is a charger, the working parameter corresponding to charging includes a preset charging parameter, and the category of the charging parameter includes preset voltage information, preset current information, and preset temperature information. The preset voltage information may be a maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery pack, the preset current information may be a maximum allowable charging current, and the preset temperature information may be a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature. The state parameter is a parameter which reflects the current state of the battery pack and can change in real time in the working process of the battery pack, and is a variable quantity. In this embodiment, the state parameter includes any one of a whole pack voltage, a single cell voltage of a battery cell, a battery pack temperature, and a fault state. The fault state may be an overcharge fault, an overdischarge fault, an over-temperature fault, an unbalance fault, or the like. The charger may adjust the state of charge based on the received operating parameters and/or state parameters.

S380: and receiving a charging state informed instruction sent by the charger, and entering a low power consumption mode, wherein the charging state informed instruction comprises fault information of the charger or full charging information of the battery pack.

It is understood that the battery pack has a normal power consumption mode and a low power consumption mode. The low power consumption mode has a first power consumption, the normal power consumption mode has a second power consumption, and the first power consumption is smaller than the second power consumption. The first power consumption or the second power consumption may be a value or a range of values.

The charger can judge whether the battery pack is fully charged according to the whole pack voltage of the battery pack in the state parameters received by the communication terminal, or the charger directly detects the whole pack voltage of the battery pack, or other judgment conditions, and if the battery pack is fully charged, a charging state informed instruction is sent, wherein the charging state informed instruction carries full charging information of the battery pack. After the battery pack receives the charging state informed instruction, the battery pack is fully charged, and then the control module controls the battery pack to enter a low power consumption mode from a normal power consumption mode.

In another embodiment, if the charger determines that the charger has a fault, the charger also sends a charging state notification instruction, the charging state notification instruction carries fault information of the charger, and meanwhile, the charger stops charging the battery pack. After the battery pack receives the charging state informed instruction, the battery pack is informed that the charger fails and cannot be recharged, and then the battery pack enters a low power consumption mode.

Further, please continue to refer to fig. 1, in one embodiment, after determining the type of the external device according to the digital signal, the method further includes:

s310: and when the digital signal is the second handshake signal, the external equipment is judged to be the electric appliance.

After the battery pack receives the second handshake signal, the externally connected electric appliance can be judged according to the source address carried by the second handshake signal. And if the battery pack replies the second handshake signal, the handshake is successful. After the battery pack identifies that the external equipment is the electric appliance, only the over-discharge judgment in the over-charge judgment and the over-discharge judgment is executed.

When the battery pack is communicated with the electric appliance, the electric appliance sends a second handshake signal at intervals of preset time, the battery pack replies the second handshake signal at intervals of preset time, and after the handshake is successful, the electric appliance sends a parameter reading instruction, namely the electric appliance can send the second handshake signal and the parameter reading instruction circularly. Of course, the electrical appliance may also send the second handshake signal only once, and after the handshake is successful, the parameter reading instruction is sent in a circulating manner.

In other embodiments, after the battery pack receives the second handshake signal, if the second handshake signal cannot be identified, the battery pack replies to the unidentifiable signal, at this time, the external device fails to handshake with the battery pack, and the battery pack determines the type of the external device by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal.

S330: and receiving a parameter reading instruction of the electric appliance.

And when the battery pack and the electric appliance are successfully shaken, the battery pack can receive and analyze the parameter reading instruction sent by the electric appliance.

S350: and sending the working parameters and/or the state parameters of the battery pack according to the parameter reading instruction.

And the battery pack sends corresponding working parameters and/or state parameters to the electric appliance according to the analyzed instruction information. In this embodiment, the working parameters are fixed and unchangeable parameters determined by the type selection of the battery cells of the battery pack, the serial-parallel connection structural characteristics of the battery cells, and the like, and reflect the limit value of the allowable work of the battery pack, and the working parameters are stored in the battery pack in advance. In this embodiment, since the external device is an electrical appliance, the working parameters corresponding to the discharge include preset discharge parameters, and the types of the discharge parameters also include preset voltage information, preset current information, and preset temperature information. The preset voltage information may be a minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the preset current information may be a maximum allowable discharge current, and the preset temperature information may be a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature. The state parameter is a parameter which reflects the current state of the battery pack and can change in real time in the working process of the battery pack, and is a variable quantity. In this embodiment, the state parameter includes any one of a whole pack voltage, a single cell voltage of a battery cell, a battery pack temperature, and a fault state. The fault state may be an overcharge fault, an overdischarge fault, an over-temperature fault, an unbalance fault, or the like. The electrical appliance can adjust the working state according to the received working parameters and/or state parameters.

The method for identifying the operating state of the battery pack provided by the above embodiment can determine the type of the external device through the digital signal number acquired by the communication terminal by establishing a communication relationship with the external device, and can also identify the type of the external device by detecting the analog signal of the communication terminal. Therefore, the method for the battery pack provided by the embodiment can detect not only the type of the external device with the communication function but also the type of the external device without the communication function by detecting the signal on the same terminal and adopting two different identification methods, and the method is simple, has good effect, depends on a small number of hardware ports, has high integration level, is generally used for the battery pack without the external devices with the communication platforms and the external devices with the communication platforms, and has multiple use scenes and high universality.

In another embodiment, if the battery pack does not detect the digital signal at the communication terminal for a period of time, it indicates that the external device does not have the communication function, and detects the analog signal at the communication terminal to determine the type of the external device.

In this embodiment, the battery pack may determine the connection state of the communication terminal and the external device according to the analog signal. Note that the charger without a communication function has a port adapted to the communication terminal of the battery pack, and the electric appliance without a communication function does not have a port adapted to the communication terminal. Therefore, when the external device is a device without a communication function and the battery pack is connected to the charger and the electrical appliance, respectively, the voltage states of the analog signals at the communication terminals are different in magnitude and the connection states of the communication terminals are different, and the battery pack can determine the type of the external device by detecting the voltage state of the analog voltage at the communication terminals or the connection state at the communication terminals. The battery pack stores a preset voltage value, if the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the connection state at the communication terminal is connected, and the battery pack can judge that the external equipment is a charger. If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal is smaller than the preset voltage value, the connection state at the communication terminal is not connected, and the battery pack can judge that the external equipment is an electric appliance.

In another embodiment, the charger and the electrical appliance without communication function both have ports adapted to the communication terminal, but the analog circuits at the ports where the charger and the electrical appliance are respectively connected to the communication terminal of the battery pack are different, and the voltage states of the analog signals shown on the communication terminal are different, then the battery pack determines the type of the external device by detecting the magnitude of the analog signals at the communication terminal. If the voltage state of the analog signal is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the external equipment is judged to be a charger, and if the voltage state of the analog signal is smaller than the preset voltage value, the external equipment is judged to be an electric appliance. For example, when the charger provides a pull-up resistor of R1 resistance and a pull-up voltage of 5V to the communication terminal of the battery pack, and the consumer provides a pull-up resistor of R1 resistance and a pull-up voltage of 3.3V to the consumer, the voltage states at the communication terminal of the battery pack at which the charger and the consumer are connected are different.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiment can be used for external devices with or without a communication function, and when used for external devices without a communication function, the battery pack can be used for external devices with or without a port adapted to a communication terminal, and can also be used for electrical appliances without a port adapted to a communication terminal, so that the application scenarios are wide.

Referring to fig. 2, another embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack including a control module 110 and a communication terminal 120. Among them, the communication terminal 120 is used to connect external devices, and the types of the external devices include an electric appliance and a charger. In this embodiment, the control module 110 may be an MCU (micro controller Unit).

When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the control module 110 is configured to detect whether a digital signal is received from the communication terminal 120 within a preset time. In this embodiment, the digital signal may be a handshake signal sent by an external device. When the control module 110 detects the digital signal through the communication terminal 120, the type of the external device can be determined according to the digital signal.

When the control module 110 does not detect the digital signal within the preset time, the control module 110 determines that the external device does not have the communication function. At this time, the control module 110 detects an analog signal at the communication terminal 120 to determine the type of the external device.

When the control module 110 determines that the external device is a charger, the battery pack is in a charging state. When the external equipment is judged to be the electric appliance, the battery pack is in a discharging state.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiment, by detecting the digital signal at the communication terminal, communicates with the external device to determine whether the external device is connected to a charger or an electrical appliance, and further determines whether to charge or discharge. When the external device does not have the communication function, the battery pack can judge the type of the external device by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal, namely the battery pack can be used for the external device without the communication function and can also be used for the external device with the communication function, the use scenes are more, the battery pack only needs one port to receive the digital signal and the analog signal to judge the type of the external device, the number of the ports is less, and the integration level is high.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 further comprises a communication unit 111 and an operating state recognition interface 119. Among them, the communication unit 111 includes a transmission interface 112 and a reception interface 113. The transmission interface 112, the reception interface 113, and the operation state recognition interface 119 are all connected to the communication terminal 120. The battery pack further includes a conversion module 130, one end of the conversion module 130 is connected to the transmission interface 112, and the other end is connected to the communication terminal 120. The conversion module 130 is used for transmitting the signal sent by the communication unit 111 to the external device, and preventing the signal of the external device from flowing to the communication unit 111 through the transmission interface 112, so that the signal sent by the external device can only flow to the communication unit 111 through the communication terminal 120 and the receiving interface 113. In this embodiment, the conversion module 130 may be a switch controlled by the communication unit 111.

The communication unit 111 can be set in a transmission state in which the communication unit 111 transmits data to be transmitted from the communication terminal 120 through the transmission interface 112, or in a reception state in which the communication unit 111 obtains data from the communication terminal 110 through the reception interface 113. It will be appreciated that the communication unit 111 also includes a register therein, which may be used to register a received digital signal or a digital signal to be transmitted. The control module 110 may determine whether an external digital signal is received by detecting a register of the communication unit 111. When the digital signal is received, the type of the external device can be determined according to the digital signal, and if the digital signal is not received, the control module 110 detects the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 to determine the type of the external device.

In this embodiment, the communication unit 111 may be a serial communication unit, and the communication terminal 120 may be a half-duplex serial interface. The communication unit 111 performs serial communication with an external device through the communication terminal 120 to receive a digital signal of the external device.

In one embodiment, if the communication unit 111 receives the digital signal within the preset time, the external device has a communication function, and the communication unit 111 may identify the type of the external device according to the digital signal. In this embodiment, the digital signal may be a handshake signal. The handshake signals sent by different external device types are also different. When the communication unit 111 receives the first handshake signal, it can determine that the external connection is the charger by analyzing the source address carried by the first handshake signal. When the communication unit 111 receives the second handshake signal, it can determine that the externally connected electrical appliance is an electrical appliance by analyzing the source address carried by the second handshake signal. After receiving the handshake signal and replying with the agreement, the communication unit 111 succeeds in handshaking, and the battery pack can enter a charging state or a discharging state and is in real-time communication with external equipment in the charging and discharging processes. When the battery pack communicates with an external device, the communication terminal 120 is a terminal that can transmit and receive data but cannot transmit and receive data at the same time, and the communication unit 111 performs serial communication with the external device through the communication terminal 120.

In one embodiment, when the external device has a communication function and the external device successfully handshakes with the battery pack, the digital signal sent to the battery pack includes a parameter reading instruction. When the control module 110 of the battery pack receives a parameter reading instruction from the communication terminal 120, the corresponding operating parameter and/or status parameter is sent to the external device through the communication unit 120. The external device can control the charging process or the discharging process of the battery pack after receiving the working parameters and/or the state parameters.

When the external device is a charger, the working parameters include preset charging parameters, and the types of the charging parameters include preset voltage information, preset current information and preset temperature information. The preset voltage information may be a maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery pack, the preset current information may be a maximum allowable charging current, and the preset temperature information may be a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature. The state parameters comprise any one of the whole pack voltage of the battery pack, the single section voltage of the battery core, the temperature of the battery pack and the fault state.

When the external equipment is an electric appliance, the working parameters comprise preset discharge parameters, and the types of the discharge parameters comprise preset voltage information, preset current information and preset temperature information. The preset voltage information may be a maximum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the preset current information may be a maximum allowable discharge current, and the preset temperature information may be a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature. The state parameters comprise any one of the whole pack voltage of the battery pack, the single section voltage of the battery core, the temperature of the battery pack and the fault state.

In the above embodiment, when the battery pack recognizes that the types of the external devices are different, the battery pack may perform different controls, such as different data transmitted through the communication terminal, so that the battery pack is more intelligent, thereby preventing the battery pack from executing redundant control actions and improving the efficiency.

In one embodiment, when the external device is a charger with a communication function, and the external device and the battery pack are successfully handshake-connected, the digital signal sent to the battery pack further includes a charging state notification instruction. After the charger receives the voltage of the battery pack from the communication terminal 120 or acquires the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack to obtain the voltage of the battery pack, whether the battery pack is fully charged can be judged according to the preset full charge cut-off voltage. When the charger judges that the battery pack is fully charged, the charger sends a charging state informed instruction, and the charging state informed instruction carries full charge information of the battery pack. When the charger detects the self fault, the charger sends a charging state informed instruction, the charging state informed instruction carries the fault information of the charger, and the battery pack is stopped being charged. The battery pack has a low power consumption mode and a normal power consumption mode, the low power consumption mode has a first power consumption, the normal power consumption mode has a second power consumption, and the first power consumption is less than the second power consumption. The first power consumption or the second power consumption may be a value or a range of values. When the control module 110 receives the charging state informed instruction from the communication terminal, the battery pack is controlled to be switched from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode, and the power consumption of the battery pack when the battery pack is not used is reduced.

Specifically, please refer to fig. 2, in this embodiment, the control module 110 may be an MCU, and the power switch 114 and the voltage stabilizing unit 115 are disposed inside the MCU. One end of the power switch 114 is connected to the positive electrode of the battery pack 150, the other end of the power switch is connected to the voltage stabilizing unit 115, the voltage stabilizing unit 115 is used for converting the voltage of the battery pack 150 into a working power supply, the working power supply supplies power to the MCU on one hand, and outputs power through the pin of the MCU and supplies power to other working circuits in the battery pack on the other hand. After receiving the charging state informed instruction, the control module 110 controls the power switch 114 to be turned off, so that the voltage stabilizing unit 115 cannot output the working power, the MCU and other working circuits in the battery pack do not work, and the battery pack can enter the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode. When the battery pack enters a low power consumption mode, the internal power consumption of the battery pack is close to 0.5uA and almost zero because the battery of the battery pack has self-discharge loss all the time. Therefore, the low power consumption mode is entered after the battery pack is fully charged, the power consumption of the battery pack can be reduced, and the energy is saved.

Of course, in other embodiments, the power switch 114 and the voltage stabilizing unit 115 may also be disposed outside the MCU, and the operating power output by the voltage stabilizing unit 115 supplies power to the MCU and the peripheral operating circuit of the battery pack. When the MCU receives the charging state informed instruction, the power switch 114 is controlled to be turned off, so that the voltage stabilizing unit 115 cannot output the working power, the MCU and other working circuits are both powered off, and the power consumption in the battery pack is 0.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 may also transmit a battery pack type signal to an external device through the communication unit 111. And after receiving the battery pack type signal, the external equipment identifies the type of the battery pack and adjusts corresponding charging current or discharging current to adapt to the battery pack.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a temperature detection module 140 connected to the control module 110 for collecting temperature information of the battery pack and transmitting the temperature information of the battery pack to an external device through the communication terminal 120. The external equipment can judge whether the battery pack is over-temperature according to the received temperature information, and if the battery pack is over-temperature, the external equipment is disconnected with the battery pack, so that the battery pack stops charging and discharging.

In one embodiment, when the communication unit 111 does not receive the digital signal of the external device within a preset time, the control module 110 detects the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 to determine the type of the external device.

It should be noted that the charger without the communication function has a port adapted to the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack, and the port of the charger is provided with an external power supply and a pull-up resistor, so that when the charger is connected to the battery pack, the battery pack can detect an analog signal through the communication terminal 120. The electrical appliance without communication function does not have a port adapted to the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack, and when the electrical appliance is connected to the battery pack, the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack is suspended. It can be known that, when the battery pack is connected to the charger and the electrical appliance, the voltage states of the analog signals at the communication terminals are different, and the connection states of the communication terminals are different, so that the control module 110 can determine the type of the external device by detecting the voltage state of the analog voltage at the communication terminals or the connection state at the communication terminal 120. If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the connection state at the communication terminal 120 is connected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is a charger. If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 is smaller than the preset voltage value, the connection state at the communication terminal 120 is unconnected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is an electrical appliance.

In another embodiment, the charger and the electrical appliance without communication function have ports adapted to the communication terminal 120, but the analog circuits at the ports of the charger and the electrical appliance connected to the communication terminal of the battery pack are different, and the voltage states of the analog signals displayed on the communication terminal are different, so that the battery pack determines the type of the external device by detecting the magnitude of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120. If the voltage state of the analog signal is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the external equipment is judged to be a charger, and if the voltage state of the analog signal is smaller than the preset voltage value, the external equipment is judged to be an electric appliance. For example, when the charger provides a pull-up resistor of R1 resistance and a pull-up voltage of 5V to the communication terminal of the battery pack, and the consumer provides a pull-up resistor of R1 resistance and a pull-up voltage of 3.3V to the consumer, the voltage states at the communication terminal of the battery pack at which the charger and the consumer are connected are different.

Specifically, the battery pack further includes a type identification element 180, one end of the type identification element 180 is connected to the communication terminal 120, the other end of the type identification element is grounded, the type identification element 180 preferably has a resistor, the type identification element represents type information of the battery pack, the type identification elements 180 of different types of battery packs have different resistance values, and the external device can detect the type identification element 180 through the communication terminal 120, so as to know the type of the battery pack.

The battery pack provided by the embodiment can be used for external equipment without a communication function and also can be used for external equipment with a communication function, and has wide universality. And the battery pack can identify the type of the external equipment with the communication function and the type of the external equipment without the communication function through one port, so that the number of the ports is small, and the functions are multiple. After the battery pack is communicated with the external equipment with the communication function, the battery pack can read instructions according to parameters of inquiry data sent by the external equipment to transmit various data outwards to guide the charging or discharging process matched with different external equipment platforms, the universality is high, and the battery pack can enter a low-power-consumption state according to a charging state informed instruction which is fed back by the charger and carries full charging information of the battery pack or fault information of the charger, so that the power consumption of the battery pack when the battery pack is not used is reduced, and the energy is saved.

Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the battery pack includes a battery pack 150, a control module 110, a first terminal 120, and a second terminal 160. The first terminal 120 is the communication terminal 120, and the second terminal 160 is a status indication terminal. The first terminal 120 and the second terminal 160 are connected to the control module 110, and are both used for connecting external devices, and the types of the external devices include electrical appliances or chargers.

The battery pack 150 includes a plurality of cells connected in series, and the control module 110 has a plurality of pins respectively connected to two ends of each cell for collecting a single voltage of each cell. The control module 110 has a first voltage and a second voltage preset therein, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage. The control module 110 is configured to compare the collected single-node voltage with the first voltage or the second voltage, and determine whether the battery pack 150 is overcharged or overdischarged. In this embodiment, the control module 110 may be an MCU (micro controller Unit). The MCU is internally provided with a data processing unit for processing the acquired single-section voltage.

The control module 110 also detects the type of the external device through the first terminal 120. When the external device is a charger, the control module 110 only determines whether the battery pack is in an overcharged state, but does not determine whether the battery pack is in an overdischarged state, that is, the control module 110 compares the acquired single-cell voltage with the first voltage and does not compare the acquired single-cell voltage with the second voltage, if the single-cell voltage of any one cell is greater than the first voltage, the battery pack is in an overcharged state, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal through the second terminal 160. The control module 110 controls the battery pack to enter a charging state even if there is a single voltage less than the second voltage.

When the control module 110 detects that the external device is an electrical appliance through the communication terminal 120, the control module 110 only determines whether the battery pack is in an over-discharge state, but not whether the battery pack is in an over-charge state, that is, the control module 110 compares the acquired single-section voltage with the second voltage and does not compare the acquired single-section voltage with the first voltage. If the single-cell voltage of any one cell is less than the second voltage, the battery pack is in an over-discharge state, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal through the second terminal 160. Even if there is a single voltage greater than the first voltage, the control module 110 controls the battery pack to enter a discharge state.

In the battery pack provided by the above embodiment, the control module 110 has a function of determining whether the battery pack is in an overcharge or overdischarge state, and when the battery pack is in the overcharge or overdischarge state, the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal from the same port, so that multiple ports are not required, and the port integration level is improved. Compared with the prior art, the control module simultaneously judges whether the external device is overcharged or overdischarged when connected with the external device and outputs the same abnormal signal, so that the external device cannot judge whether the external device is overcharged or overdischarged according to the abnormal signal. The type of the external equipment is judged firstly, if the external equipment is a charger, only overcharge judgment is carried out, and over-discharge judgment is not carried out, and if the external equipment is an electric appliance, only over-discharge judgment is carried out, and over-charge judgment is not carried out, so that the intelligent degree of the battery pack is improved.

It is to be understood that there is the step of identifying the type of external device before making either the overcharge or overdischarge determination. In this embodiment, the control module 110 may detect whether the communication unit 111 receives a digital signal of the external device, and if the digital signal is received, determine the type of the external device according to the digital signal, and if the digital signal is not received, the control module 110 determines the type of the external device by detecting an analog signal at the communication terminal 120. The specific determination method is as described above, and is not described herein again. Further, the digital signals further include a parameter reading command and/or a charging state informing command, the control module receives the digital signals, and performs corresponding control-output of the working parameters and/or the state parameters, and enters low power consumption, and the specific control process and effect are as described above, and are not described herein again.

Referring to fig. 4, in one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a switch module 170, and the switch module 170 includes a control terminal, a first terminal and a second terminal. The control end of the switch module 170 is connected to the control module, and is configured to receive a control signal of the control module 110, and is turned on or off according to the control signal. A first end of the switch module 170 is connected to the second terminal 160 and a second end of the switch module 170 is connected to ground.

When the control module 110 detects that the external device is a charger through the first terminal 120 and detects that the battery pack is in the overcharged state through detecting the single-node voltage, or when the control module 110 detects that the external device is an electrical appliance through the first terminal 120 and detects that the battery pack is in the overdischarged state through detecting the single-node voltage, the control module 110 sends a first control signal to the control terminal of the switch module 170 and controls the switch module 170 to be disconnected, so that the external device detects that the second terminal 160 is suspended, that is, the second terminal 160 outputs an abnormal signal. When the external device detects that the second terminal 160 is floating, the connection with the battery pack is disconnected, and the charging or discharging process is stopped.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the switch module 170 may include at least one transistor, and the transistor may be an N-type transistor or a P-type transistor, and the embodiment takes the case where the switch module includes one N-type transistor as an example for description. The control end of the N-type transistor is a grid electrode, the first end is a drain electrode, and the second end is a source electrode. The control terminal of the N-type transistor is connected to the control block 110, the drain is connected to the second terminal 160, and the source is grounded. When the battery pack is connected to the charger and the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is overcharged or the battery pack is connected to the electrical appliance and the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is overdischarged, the control signal sent by the control module 110 is a low level signal, and the N-type transistor is turned off under the control of the low level signal, so that the path from the second terminal 160 to the control module 110 is turned off. When the external device detects an infinite signal at the second terminal 160, it can determine that the battery pack is faulty, and the external device disconnects the battery pack, so that the battery pack stops charging and discharging.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes the aforementioned temperature detection module 140, and the first end of the temperature detection module 140 is connected to the first end of the switch module 170. The second end is connected to the second terminal 160, when the battery pack is connected to the charger and the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is not overcharged or the battery pack is connected to the electric appliance and the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is not overdischarged, the control module 110 controls the switch module 170 to be turned on, so that the external device is connected to the temperature detection module 140 through the second terminal 160 to read the temperature information of the battery pack. The first end of the temperature detection module 140 is further connected to the control module 110, and is configured to send the collected temperature information of the battery pack to the control module 110.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the temperature detecting module 140 may be a thermistor, and the switching module 170 may be an N-type transistor. One end of the thermistor is connected to the drain of the N-type transistor, the source of the N-type transistor is grounded, and the other end of the thermistor is connected to the second terminal 160. When the external device is connected with the battery pack, the port of the external device connected with the second terminal 160 is provided with an external power supply and a pull-up resistor, the external power supply and the pull-up resistor are grounded through the thermistor and the N-type transistor, and the external device can read the temperature information of the battery pack by reading the resistance value of the thermistor. When the external equipment judges that the battery pack is over-temperature, the connection with the battery pack is disconnected, so that the battery pack stops charging or discharging.

The above embodiment provides a battery pack including a second terminal 160 to which an external device can be connected. When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the battery pack may output an abnormal signal through the second terminal 160, so that the external device is disconnected from the battery pack after receiving the abnormal signal. Meanwhile, the battery pack can also output the temperature of the battery pack to an external device through the second terminal 160, so that two signals can be output through one port, port multiplexing is realized, and the number of ports of the battery pack is reduced.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 further includes the communication unit 111 and the working state identification interface 119, and a connection circuit and an implementation function of the communication unit 111 and the working state identification interface 119 are the same as those in the foregoing embodiment and are not described again.

In one embodiment, when determining that the battery pack is in the overcharge state or the overdischarge state, the control module 110 further outputs an abnormal signal from the first terminal 120 through the communication unit 111, and the external device receives the abnormal signal and stops charging or discharging. Therefore, when the battery pack has an overcharge or overdischarge fault, the first terminal 120 and the second terminal 160 output abnormal signals in a double backup mode to inform that the peripheral battery pack has a fault, and the safety is ensured.

Referring to fig. 5, in one embodiment, the battery pack includes a battery pack 150, a status indication terminal 160, and a control module 110. The status indication terminal 160 is the second terminal 160 mentioned above. The status indication terminal is connected to the control module 110 and is used to connect an external device. The control module 110 is respectively connected to each battery cell in the battery pack 150, and is configured to collect a single voltage of each battery cell, and determine whether the battery pack 150 is in an unbalanced state according to the single voltage. When the battery pack 150 is in an unbalanced state, the control module controls the state indicating terminal 160 to output an abnormal signal. And the external equipment stops charging or discharging after receiving the abnormal signal.

Specifically, the control module 110 stores a first preset difference. In the charging and discharging stage, the control module 110 is further configured to determine a maximum voltage value and a minimum voltage value according to the collected single-node voltage, and calculate a voltage difference between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value, and when the voltage difference between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value is greater than or equal to a pre-stored first preset difference, the control module 110 determines that the battery pack is in an unbalanced state, and the battery pack is in a fault state, so that the control module 110 controls the switch module 170 to be turned off, so that the second terminal 160 outputs an abnormal signal. After the external equipment receives the abnormal signal, the connection with the battery pack can be disconnected, and charging or discharging can be stopped.

The battery pack provided by the embodiment can collect the single-section voltage of each electric core, judge whether the battery pack is in an unbalanced state according to the single-section voltage, and output an abnormal signal to the outside when the battery pack is in the unbalanced state, so that the external equipment can control to stop charging or discharging after receiving the abnormal signal. Therefore, the charging and discharging processes in the battery pack are not required to be disconnected, the structure of the battery pack is simplified, and the cost of the battery pack is reduced.

In one embodiment, after the control module 110 collects the single-cell voltage, the single-cell voltage may be compared with a pre-stored first voltage and a pre-stored second voltage, if the single-cell voltage is greater than the first voltage, the battery pack is in an overcharged state, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal from the second terminal 160. If the single-node voltage is less than the second voltage, the battery pack is in an over-discharge state, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal from the second terminal 160.

In the battery pack provided by the above embodiment, when an overcharge fault, an overdischarge fault or an unbalance fault occurs in the battery pack, the abnormal signal is output to the external device from the same port, that is, the second terminal 160, so that one port can output signals in various states, and the integration level of the ports is improved.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a switch module 170, and the control module 110 is connected to the status indication terminal 160 through the switch module 170. The switch module 170 includes a control terminal, a first terminal, and a second terminal. The control end of the switch module 170 is connected to the control module, and is configured to receive a control signal of the control module 110, and is turned on or off according to the control signal. A first end of the switch module 170 is connected to the second terminal 160 and a second end of the switch module 170 is connected to ground.

When the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is in the overcharged state by detecting the single-cell voltage, or when the control module 110 detects that the battery pack is in the overdischarged state by detecting the single-cell voltage, or the control module 110 determines that the battery pack is in the unbalanced state, the control module 110 sends a first control signal to the control terminal of the switch module 170 and controls the switch module 170 to be turned off, so that the external device detects that the second terminal 160 is suspended, that is, the second terminal 160 outputs an abnormal signal. When the external device detects that the second terminal 160 is floating, the connection with the battery pack is disconnected, and the charging or discharging process is stopped. In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes the temperature detection module 140, and the connection circuit and the control manner between the temperature detection module 140 and the switch module 170 are as described above and are not described again.

In one embodiment, the first end of the temperature detection module is further connected to the control module, and is configured to send the collected temperature information of the battery pack to the control module. Therefore, the first terminal can transmit temperature data to external equipment and also can transmit temperature data to the control module in the battery pack.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 is further configured to compare the individual segment voltages during the charging phase and determine a minimum voltage value. Meanwhile, the control module 110 is further configured to calculate a voltage difference between the single-cell voltage of each cell and the minimum voltage value, and determine whether the capacity of each cell in the battery pack is balanced according to the voltage difference and a second preset difference that is prestored. And if the voltage difference value between each battery cell and the minimum-capacity battery cell is smaller than the second preset difference value, the capacity of each battery cell in the battery pack is balanced. If the difference value between the capacity of at least one battery cell and the minimum capacity battery cell is larger than the second preset difference value, the capacity of each battery cell in the battery pack is unbalanced, at the moment, the battery cell needing to be subjected to electric quantity equalization is set as a target battery cell, and the battery cell not needing to be subjected to electric quantity equalization is set as a normal battery cell. And the voltage difference value between the single-section voltage of the target electric core and the minimum voltage value is greater than or equal to a second preset difference value, and the voltage difference value between the voltage difference value of the normal electric core and the minimum voltage value is greater than or equal to the second preset difference value. In this embodiment, the second preset difference is 30mV, and certainly, the second preset difference may also be other values, and the user may set the second preset difference according to the user's own needs.

And after the target battery cell is determined, discharging the target battery cell according to a preset equalization period. Wherein each equalization cycle comprises an equalization phase and a detection phase following the equalization phase. And in the equalization stage, discharging the first determined target battery cell. In the detection phase, the control module 110 detects the single-cell voltage of each cell again, and determines the minimum voltage value again according to the single-cell voltage. It should be noted that the minimum voltage value is obtained by comparing the single-node voltages in real time. Since the target battery cell is discharged in the equalization stage, and each battery cell is in a charging state, the minimum voltage value in each detection stage may be different, and the minimum voltage value needs to be determined again by comparing the voltages of the individual battery cells. And comparing the voltage difference value between the target electric core and the minimum voltage value, and when the voltage difference value is smaller than a third preset difference value, controlling the target electric core to become a normal electric core by the control module. And simultaneously, the control module compares the voltage difference value of the single-section voltage and the minimum voltage value of the normal electric core at the previous stage, and when the voltage difference value is greater than or equal to a second preset difference value, the normal electric core is converted into a target electric core. Repeating the balancing cycle until the detection stage is finished, and if the control module 110 detects that the target electric core does not exist in the electric cores, ending the balancing, and if the target electric core exists, entering the next balancing cycle. In this embodiment, the third preset difference is smaller than the second preset difference, specifically, the third preset difference may be 10mV, and of course, the user may also select the third preset difference according to the requirement.

Further, with continued reference to fig. 5, in one embodiment, the control module 110 further includes at least one bleeding unit 116, and each bleeding unit 116 is connected to each core in a one-to-one correspondence. Each of the current leakage units 116 includes a current leakage switch and a current leakage resistor, one end of the current leakage switch is connected to one end of the battery cell and the current leakage resistor, and the other end of the current leakage switch is connected to one end of the current leakage resistor corresponding to the battery cell. In the balancing period, after the control module 110 determines the target battery cell, the drain switch correspondingly connected to the target battery cell is controlled to be closed, so that the target battery cell discharges through the drain resistor. In the detection period, the control module 110 controls the drain switch corresponding to the target cell to be turned off to stop the discharge of the target cell.

In the battery pack provided by the above embodiment, during charging and discharging, the control module of the battery pack may further detect whether voltages of the power-saving cores of the battery pack are balanced, and if the voltages of the power-saving cores of the battery pack are not balanced, the target power core is discharged in a periodic discharge manner to balance the voltages.

In one embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 5, the battery pack further includes a switch activation circuit 190 and a peripheral operating circuit 220, and the control module 110 is further connected to the status indication terminal 160 through the switch activation circuit 190. The control module 110 includes a power switch 114, and the power switch 114 is connected to the battery pack 150, so that the battery pack 150 supplies power to the control module 110 and the peripheral operating circuit 220 through the power switch 114. After the switch activation circuit 190 obtains the activation signal of the external device through the status indication terminal 160, the switch activation circuit 190 controls the power switch to be turned on, the battery pack 150 may supply power to the control module 110 and the peripheral working circuit 220, and the battery pack may be switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

In another embodiment, with continued reference to fig. 5, the control module 110 has a connection status recognition interface, through which the control module 110 is directly connected to the status indication terminal 160. The control module 110 has a connection identification preset voltage stored therein, and the connection identification preset voltage is used for determining whether the external device is connected to the battery pack.

The external device has a port adapted to the status indication terminal 160, and a power supply and a pull-up resistor are provided at the port of the external device. The status indicator terminal 160 has a voltage status when the external device is connected to the battery pack and is floating when the external device is disconnected from the battery pack.

Specifically, the control module 110 detects the voltage state at the status indication terminal 160 to determine whether an external device is involved. When the voltage state at the state indicating terminal 160 is greater than or equal to the connection identification preset voltage, the battery pack is connected with the external device. When the voltage state at the state indicating terminal 160 is less than the connection preset identification voltage, the battery pack is disconnected from the external device, and at this time, the battery pack enters a low power consumption mode from a low normal power consumption mode.

Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the battery pack includes a battery pack 150 and a circuit module 210 connected to the battery pack. The circuit module 210 is a working circuit of the battery pack, and may be composed of a hardware circuit, or a chip and its peripheral circuits. The circuit module 210 is powered by the battery pack 150. The circuit block 210 has a low power consumption mode and a normal power consumption mode. The low power consumption mode has a first power consumption, the normal power consumption mode has a second power consumption, and the first power consumption is smaller than the second power consumption. It is understood that the first power consumption or the second power consumption may be a value or a range of values, for example, the first power consumption is a, the second power consumption is B, a > B, for example, the first power consumption is a 1-a 2, the second power consumption is B1-B2, a2> a1> B2> B1, for example, the first power consumption is a, the second power consumption is B1-B2, a > B2> B1. It can be understood that when the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode, the whole battery pack enters the low power consumption mode, and when the circuit module 210 enters the normal power consumption mode, the whole battery pack enters the normal power consumption mode. The circuit block 210 is powered on in the normal power consumption mode, and the circuit block 210 can enter various detection and control modes as follows.

When the circuit module 210 knows that the battery pack 150 is fully charged, the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode to reduce power consumption when the battery pack does not work.

The battery pack has a plurality of parallel conditions for entering the low power mode, and when any one of the conditions occurs, the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power mode to the low power mode, as will be listed below.

Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the battery pack includes the first terminal 120, and the first terminal 120 is connected to the circuit module 210 for connecting to an external device.

When the external equipment is a charger and the charger has a communication function, the charger sends a parameter reading instruction after handshaking between the charger and the battery pack is successful. And after receiving the parameter reading instruction, the battery pack sends corresponding working parameters and/or state parameters to the charger. In this embodiment, the state parameter includes any one of a whole pack voltage, a single cell voltage of a battery cell, a battery pack temperature, and a fault state. And after receiving the whole pack voltage of the battery pack, the charger can judge whether the battery pack is full according to a preset full-charge cut-off voltage. If the voltage of the whole pack is greater than the full-charge cut-off voltage and the battery pack is fully charged, the charger sends a charging state informed instruction carrying full-charge information of the battery pack to the first terminal 120 and stops charging the battery pack. After receiving the charging state awareness instruction, the circuit module 210 knows that the battery pack is fully charged, and then controls to enter the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the battery pack 150 further includes cells connected in series, and the circuit module 210 is connected to each cell, and is configured to collect a single voltage of each cell and determine whether the battery pack is fully charged according to the single voltage. When it is determined that the battery pack is full, that is, the circuit module 210 knows that the battery pack is full, the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the circuit module 210 is further configured to detect at least one operating parameter of the battery pack 150, and determine whether the battery pack 150 is in a fault state according to the operating parameter of the battery pack 150. When the battery pack 150 is in a failure state, the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode.

Specifically, the circuit module 210 may determine whether the battery pack 150 is in a fault state according to the single-cell voltage. Wherein the fault condition may be an overcharged condition, an overdischarged condition, or an unbalanced condition. The circuit module 210 pre-stores a first voltage and a second voltage, and the first voltage is greater than the second voltage. During charging, the circuit module 210 compares the collected single-node voltage with the first electrical voltage, and if any single-node voltage is greater than the first voltage, an overcharge fault occurs in the battery pack. During discharging, the circuit module 210 compares the acquired single-cell voltage with the second voltage, and if the single-cell voltage of any single-cell electric core is smaller than the second voltage, an over-discharge fault occurs in the battery pack. During charging and discharging, the circuit module 210 calculates a maximum voltage value and a minimum voltage value according to the collected single-node voltage, and if a voltage difference value between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value is greater than a first preset difference value in the circuit module 210, an unbalanced fault occurs in the battery pack. When the battery pack has the fault, the circuit module 210 switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, if the charger detects a failure, the charger sends a charging state notification instruction carrying charger failure information to the first terminal 120, and stops charging the battery pack. After receiving the charging state notification command, the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

With continued reference to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a second terminal 160 (i.e., the aforementioned status indication terminal) connected to the circuit module 210. When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the second terminal 160 is also connected to the external device.

The circuit module 210 may also determine whether an external device is connected by detecting the voltage state at the second terminal 160. Wherein the voltage state is the magnitude of the voltage at the second terminal 160. When the second terminal 160 is connected to an external device, the external device may provide a peripheral power supply and a pull-up resistor such that a bias voltage is present at the second terminal 160. When the second terminal 160 is not connected to an external device, the second terminal 160 is floated. Accordingly, the circuit module 210 may determine whether a peripheral is connected by detecting the voltage state at the second terminal 160.

When the circuit module 210 detects that the voltage state at the second terminal 160 is greater than or equal to the pre-stored connection identification preset voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is connected to the external device, and the circuit module 210 does not change the current normal power consumption mode according to the determination result. When the circuit module 210 detects that the voltage state at the second terminal 160 is less than the connection identification preset voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is disconnected from the external device, and at this time, the circuit module 210 actively enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode. In this embodiment, the circuit module 210 includes the control module 110, and the connection identification preset voltage is stored in the control module 110, and the connection identification preset voltage may be the same as the identification preset voltage in the control module 110 or different from the identification preset voltage in the control module 110.

In one embodiment, when the circuit module 210 determines that the external device is a charger through the first terminal 120, the battery pack enters a charging state and starts a timer in the circuit module 210. The timer is preset with a first time. When the time of the timer reaches the preset first time, the circuit module 210 defaults that the battery pack is fully charged, and at this time, the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, when the battery pack enters the low power consumption mode, the power consumption in the battery pack is in the microampere level, which is close to zero power consumption.

The battery pack provided by the embodiment can preset enough charging time through the charger when the charger cannot judge whether the battery pack is fully charged, and automatically enters low power consumption when the preset time is reached, so that the intelligent degree of the battery pack is improved.

In summary, the above embodiments provide six conditions for entering the low power consumption mode: 1. full is known from the charger; 2, the battery pack is fully charged by self-checking; 3. self-checking faults of the battery pack; 4. a charger failure; 5. the external device is disconnected; 6. and charging for a preset time. The battery pack provided by the embodiment automatically enters the low power consumption mode when any one of the conditions occurs, so that the intellectualization of the battery pack is improved, and the power consumption of the battery pack when the battery pack is not used is reduced. Those skilled in the art can understand that the above six conditions can be independently applied to one battery pack, and also can be mutually combined and applied to the battery pack, thereby forming a plurality of different embodiment battery packs.

With continued reference to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the circuit module 210 is connected to the power switch 114, the power switch is connected to the battery pack 150, and the battery pack 150 supplies power to the circuit module 210 through the power switch. When the circuit module 210 controls the power switch 114 to be turned off, the power supply of the circuit module 210 is turned off, and the circuit module 210 is switched from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode.

Referring to fig. 7, in one embodiment, the circuit module 210 includes the aforementioned control module 110 and a peripheral operating circuit 220 connected to the control module 110.

The control module 110 includes a power switch 114, a voltage regulator 115, and an internal operating circuit 116. The positive electrode of the battery pack 150 is connected to one end of the power switch 114, and the other end of the power switch 114 is connected to one end of the voltage stabilizing unit 115. The voltage stabilizing unit 115 is used to convert the power of the battery pack 150 and output an operating power and supply power to the internal operating circuit 116 and the peripheral operating circuit 220. The circuits within the control module 110 excluding the power switch 114 and the voltage regulator 115 belong to the internal operating circuit 116. The internal operation circuit includes the aforementioned communication unit 111, and performs operations of various functions of the aforementioned communication, overcharge failure, overdischarge failure, unbalance failure, power balance, and the like, and realizes the determination of the above-mentioned six conditions for entering the low power consumption mode. When the power switch 114 is closed, the internal operating circuit 116 and the peripheral operating circuit 220 supply power to operate, and the circuit module 210 is in a normal power consumption mode, that is, the battery pack is in a normal power consumption mode.

When the power switch 114 is turned off, the input of the voltage stabilizing unit 115 is cut off and the operating power cannot be output, and at this time, the internal operating circuit 116 and the peripheral operating circuit 220 are powered off, and the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

In this embodiment, the control module 110 may be an MCU.

Further, the circuit module 210 further includes a switch activation circuit 190, the battery pack includes at least one terminal, the at least one terminal is connected to the circuit module, and the battery pack is connected to the external device through the at least one terminal; the switch activation circuit 190 has one end connected to the at least one terminal and another end connected to the power switch 114 within the control module 110. The switch activation circuit 190 is configured to control on or off of the power switch according to connection or disconnection of an external device, when the battery pack is connected to the external device, the at least one terminal receives an activation signal from the external device and transmits the activation signal to the switch activation circuit, the switch activation circuit controls the power switch to be turned on, and the circuit module is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode. It is understood that at least one terminal, i.e., one terminal or a plurality of terminals, can be respectively provided with an activation signal and transmitted to the switch activation circuit 190, thereby controlling the power switch 114 to be turned on. When there are a plurality of terminals, for example, two different terminals are included, when any one of the terminals receives an activation signal, that is, the switch activation circuit can receive the activation signal, the power switch 114 is controlled to be turned on. As can be seen from the above, the at least one terminal is a terminal having a function of activating a normal power consumption mode.

Further, when the power switch 114 is turned on and the internal operating circuit 116 is powered to start operating, the internal operating circuit may send a control signal to the power switch 114 to control the on/off of the power switch. In this embodiment, when the control signal is at a high level, the power switch 114 can be controlled to be turned on, and when the control signal is at a low level, the power switch 114 can be controlled to be turned off. When the internal operating circuit 116 determines that any one of the above six conditions for entering the low power consumption mode is satisfied, the internal operating circuit 116 immediately or after delaying for a period of time sends a low-level control signal to control the power switch 114 to be turned off, and then the circuit module is switched to the low power consumption mode.

Further, the switch activation circuit 190 includes a charging unit and an activation switch 193. The activation switch 193 includes a control terminal, a first terminal, and a second terminal. The control terminal of the activation switch 193 is connected to one terminal of the charging unit, and the other terminal of the charging unit is connected to the at least one terminal. A first terminal of the activation switch 193 is connected to the power source of the battery pack, and a second terminal of the activation switch 193 is connected to the power switch 114.

The external equipment is provided with a port matched with the at least one terminal, and a pull-up resistor and an external power supply are arranged at the port. Therefore, when the external device is connected to the battery pack, the voltage state at the at least one terminal of the battery pack is increased from the first voltage to the second voltage, that is, the external device inputs the activation signal through the terminal. And the external device may charge the charging unit through the at least one terminal. The charging unit may control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, the activation switch 193 controls the power switch 114 to be turned on, the voltage stabilizing unit 115 may receive the power voltage of the battery pack 150 and convert the power voltage of the battery pack 150 into an operating power to supply power to the internal operating circuit 116 and the peripheral operating circuit 220, and the circuit module 210 may be switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

Specifically, when the at least one terminal includes a plurality of terminals, for example, N terminals, an embodiment is that the charging unit is a charging unit and is connected to the N terminals at the same time, and an activation signal is provided on any one terminal, the charging unit is charged; another embodiment is that the charging unit includes a plurality (N) of terminals, the number of the terminals is the same as that of the plurality of terminals, and the terminals are respectively connected to one terminal, and when one terminal has an activation signal, the charging unit connected to the terminal is charged.

Specifically, referring to fig. 7, in one embodiment, the at least one terminal includes the aforementioned first terminal 120, i.e., the communication terminal 120, and the charging unit includes a first charging unit. The first terminal 120 is connected to the switch activation circuit 190, and the switch activation circuit 190 can receive an activation signal of an external device from the first terminal 120 and control the power switch 114 to be turned on, so that the circuit module 210 is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode. It is understood that, according to the foregoing embodiment, the communication unit 11 is connected to the first terminal 120, and the communication unit 11 communicates with an external device through the first terminal 120; also, the species recognition element 180 is connected to the first terminal 120, and the external device may detect the species recognition element 180 through the first terminal 120 to obtain the type information of the battery pack. In summary, the first terminal 120 has both a communication function and a category identification function, and has a function of activating a normal power consumption mode. Specifically, the activation switch 193 includes a control terminal, a first terminal, and a second terminal. The control terminal of the activation switch 193 is connected to one end of the first charging unit 191, and the other end of the first charging unit 191 is connected to the state indicating terminal 160. A first terminal of the activation switch 193 is connected to the power source of the battery pack, and a second terminal of the activation switch 193 is connected to the power switch 114.

When the external device is a charger or an electrical appliance with a communication function, the charger or the electrical appliance with the communication function has a port matched with the first terminal 120, and the port has a pull-up resistor and an external power supply. Therefore, when the external device is connected to the first terminal 120, the voltage state at the first terminal 120 is increased from the first voltage to the second voltage, that is, the external device inputs the activation signal through the first terminal 120. And the external device may charge the first charging unit 191 through the first terminal 120. The first charging unit 191 may control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, the activation switch 193 controls the power switch 114 to be turned on, the voltage stabilizing unit 115 may receive the power voltage of the battery pack 150 and convert the power voltage of the battery pack 150 into an operating power to supply power to the internal operating circuit 116 and the peripheral operating circuit 220, and the circuit module 210 may switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

Further, the at least one terminal further includes the aforementioned second terminal 160, i.e., the status indication terminal 160, and the charging unit includes a second charging unit. When the battery pack is connected to an external device, the battery pack may receive an activation signal from the external device through the second terminal 160 and transmit the activation signal to the switch activation circuit 190, and the switch activation circuit 190 controls the power switch 114 to be turned on according to the activation signal, so that the circuit module 210 is switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode. It can be understood that, according to the above embodiment, the circuit module detects at least one working parameter of the battery pack, and determines whether the battery pack is in a fault state according to the working parameter, when it is determined that the battery pack is in the fault state, the circuit module controls the second terminal to output an abnormal signal, where the working parameter includes any one of voltage, temperature, and the like, and the fault state includes any one of an overcharge fault, an overdischarge fault, an over-temperature fault, an unbalance fault, and the like; a connection identification preset voltage is stored in the circuit module, the circuit module detects the voltage state at the second terminal and compares the voltage state with the connection identification preset voltage, and when the voltage state is greater than or equal to the connection identification preset voltage, the battery pack is connected with the external equipment; when the voltage state is smaller than the connection identification preset voltage, the battery pack is disconnected from the external device, and the circuit module is switched from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode, namely, the first terminal has the functions of communication and type identification at the same time. In summary, the second terminal 160 has both the function of outputting the fault and the function of recognizing that the peripheral device is disconnected and enters the low power consumption mode, and has the function of activating the normal power consumption mode.

Specifically, the second charging unit 192 has one end connected to the second terminal 160 and the other end connected to the control end of the activation switch 193. Since the external power supply and the pull-up resistor are provided at the port where the external device is connected to the second terminal 160, when the external device is connected to the second terminal 160, the voltage state at the second terminal 160 is raised from the first voltage to the second voltage, that is, the external device inputs the activation signal through the second terminal 160. The external device may charge the second charging unit 192 through the second terminal 160. The second charging unit 192 may control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, so that the activation switch 190 controls the power switch 114 to be closed, and the circuit module 210 may switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

In the above embodiment, the activation switch 193 may be a transistor, and the type of the transistor may be N-type or P-type, and the user may select the transistor according to his or her own needs.

In another embodiment, the at least one terminal of the battery pack only includes the first terminal 120, and has the communication function, the category identification function, and the normal power consumption mode activation function, which are not described in detail herein.

In another embodiment, the at least one terminal of the battery pack only includes the second terminal 160, and has the function of outputting the fault, the function of identifying that the peripheral device is disconnected and enters the low power consumption mode, and the function of activating the normal power consumption mode, which will not be described in detail again.

In another embodiment, the at least one terminal of the battery pack includes a first terminal and/or a second terminal, the first terminal has the aforementioned function of activating the normal power consumption mode and has the aforementioned function of communication and/or function of type identification, and the second terminal has, in addition to the function of activating the normal power consumption mode, a function of fault output and/or a function of identifying that the peripheral device is disconnected to enter low power consumption.

It can be understood that, with at least one terminal activating the normal power consumption mode, a person skilled in the art can select one or more of the functions of multiplexing communication, identifying the type, outputting faults, and identifying the peripheral device being disconnected to enter low power consumption according to actual design requirements, and the number of the at least one terminal can be selected according to requirements, for example, up to 4, and one of the above functions is multiplexed respectively. The combination option can construct various different embodiments, which are simple and easy to implement, and all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In the above embodiment, the first charging unit 191 and the second charging unit 192 are preferably capacitance elements, and the voltages of the second terminals of the first charging unit 191 and the second charging unit 192 are changed, specifically, increased and decreased, due to the charging characteristics of the capacitance elements. The active switch 193 has a conducting voltage, and in this embodiment, the conducting voltage is assumed to be 0.7V, and only when the voltage of the second terminal of the active switch 193 is greater than the conducting voltage, the active switch 193 can be controlled to be conducted, so that the power switch 114 is closed, and the battery pack is powered on to enter a normal power consumption mode. The activation signal obtained by the switch activation circuit 190 from the first terminal 120 or the second terminal 160 is a transient signal, and the high voltage (i.e., the second voltage in this embodiment) sustained at the first terminal 120 and the second terminal 160 is not the activation signal and cannot turn on the activation switch. When the switch activation circuit 190 obtains the instantaneous activation signal, the activation switch 193 is instantaneously closed, the power switch 114 is instantaneously closed, the voltage stabilizing unit 115 outputs the working power supply instantaneously, the internal working circuit 116 is instantaneously powered on to work, the battery pack enters a normal power consumption mode, and the internal working circuit 116 outputs a high-level control signal to maintain the conduction of the power switch 114 while powering on, at this time, the battery pack realizes power-on activation (namely, activates the normal power consumption mode) and power supply self-locking, is locked in the normal power consumption mode, and can start to work and continuously work.

In the above embodiment, the internal operating circuit 116 executes the actions of the circuit module 210 in fig. 6, namely, knowing that the battery pack is fully charged, determining the battery pack fault, knowing the charger fault, detecting the second terminal to know that the battery pack is disconnected from the external device, and counting the time of the timer during charging, and then the internal operating circuit 116 outputs a low-level control signal to the power switch 114 to disconnect the power switch, so that the battery pack interrupts its own power supply for self-locking, and switches from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the terminal is the first terminal 120 (communication terminal), so that the activation switch 193 is turned on, and the first terminal 120 is connected to the communication unit and/or the category identification element, and the specific connection circuit and the control method are as described above and are not described again.

In one embodiment, the terminal is the second terminal 160 (status indication terminal), which may close the activation switch 193, and the specific second terminal functions as described above, for example, the circuit module detects at least one operating parameter of the battery pack and determines whether the battery pack is in a fault state according to the operating parameter; when the battery pack is judged to be in a fault state, the circuit module controls the terminal to output an abnormal signal, wherein the fault state comprises the overcharge fault, the overdischarge fault, the unbalance fault and other battery faults; if the connection identification preset voltage exists in the circuit module, the circuit module detects the voltage state at the terminal and compares the voltage state with the connection identification preset voltage, and when the voltage state is greater than or equal to the connection identification preset voltage, the battery pack is connected with the external equipment; when the voltage state is smaller than the connection identification preset voltage, the battery pack is disconnected with the external equipment, and the circuit module is switched from the normal power consumption mode to the low power consumption mode; and other functions of the second terminal 160 described above, will not be described in detail.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiment can be activated by the first terminal 120 to switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode, and can also be activated by the second terminal 160 to switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode. Meanwhile, the second terminal 160 may also output an abnormal signal, a temperature signal, etc., thereby improving the port integration level, reducing the number of ports, and further reducing the volume of the battery pack. In another embodiment, continuing to refer to fig. 6, the battery pack further includes a button 101, and the switch activation circuit 190 may be grounded through the button 101. The switch activation circuit may control the switching power supply 114 to be turned on or off according to the closing or opening of the key 101.

The peripheral operating circuit 220 further includes an electric quantity display module connected to the key 101. When the user presses the key 101, the key 101 is closed, and the switch activation circuit 190 may control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, so that the circuit module 210 enters the normal power consumption mode from the low power consumption mode. At the same time, the power display module is also activated to display the power of the battery pack 150. Similarly, the battery pack can be powered on and activated and self-locked by the key 101, the principle is the same, and the specific steps are not described again.

The battery pack provided by the embodiment can enter the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode when the battery pack fails, the battery pack is fully charged, the charger fails or the battery pack is disconnected from the external device, so that the power consumption of the battery pack can be reduced. When the battery pack is connected with external equipment, the battery pack can automatically enter a normal power consumption mode, and the intellectualization of the battery pack is realized.

Referring to fig. 8, in one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a storage unit 117, the storage unit 117 may be disposed in the control module 110 of the battery pack, and the storage unit 117 stores the operating parameters of the battery pack, specifically, the charging parameters and the discharging parameters.

The control module further comprises a communication unit 111 connected to the storage unit 117. When the communication unit 111 of the battery pack is connected to and establishes communication with the external device through the communication terminal 120, the communication unit 111 may transmit the charging parameter or the discharging parameter from the communication single terminal 120 to the external device. The external device may control the charging process according to the charging parameters or the discharging process according to the discharging parameters.

In one embodiment, the charging parameter comprises a maximum allowed charging current. When the battery pack is connected with the charger, the charger can accept the maximum allowable charging current of the battery pack, and set the constant current charging current value according to the maximum allowable charging current so as to control the constant current charging process. For example, the maximum output charging current of the charger connected to the battery pack is 4A, the default constant current charging current is 4A, and the maximum allowable charging current that the battery pack can receive is only 2A, so if the charger defaults to adopt 4A as the constant current charging value, it is obviously not suitable, and the battery pack will be damaged immediately. In the above embodiment, the charger obtains the maximum allowable charging current of the battery pack, compares the maximum allowable charging current with the self-generated maximum output charging current, and takes the smaller value of the maximum allowable charging current and the maximum output charging current as the constant current value in the charging process of the battery pack. Thus, the battery pack can be effectively protected.

In one embodiment, the charging parameters further include a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature. The charger can set a charging over-temperature protection value after receiving the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature. When the charger receives the temperature of the battery pack through communication or receives the temperature of the battery pack through the second terminal 160 of the battery pack, the received temperature of the battery pack is compared with the charging over-temperature protection value. When the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the charging over-temperature protection value, the battery pack has over-temperature fault, and at the moment, the charger controls to stop charging.

In one embodiment, the charging parameters further include a maximum allowable charging voltage. When the charger is connected with the battery pack, the charger can set a constant voltage charging voltage value according to the maximum allowable charging voltage so as to control the constant voltage charging process. In the above embodiment, as with the principle of the maximum allowable charging current, the maximum output charging voltage of the charger and the maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery pack are compared when there is a mismatch, and the smaller value is taken as the constant voltage value of the charger for constant voltage charging of the battery pack, so that the battery pack can be effectively protected.

In one embodiment, the discharge parameter comprises a maximum allowable discharge current. When the electric appliance is connected with the battery pack, the electric appliance sets an overcurrent protection value according to the received maximum allowable discharge current. When the electric appliance detects the discharge current of the battery pack, the discharge current of the battery pack is compared with the overcurrent protection value, and the overdischarge current is greater than the overcurrent protection value, so that the electric appliance controls the battery pack to stop charging.

In one embodiment, the discharge parameters further include a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature. The electric appliance can set a discharge over-temperature protection value after receiving the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature. When the electrical appliance receives the temperature of the battery pack through communication or receives the temperature of the battery pack through the second terminal 160 of the battery pack, the received temperature of the battery pack is compared with the discharge over-temperature protection value. When the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the discharge over-temperature protection value, the battery pack has over-temperature fault, and at the moment, the electric appliance controls the battery pack to stop discharging.

In one embodiment, the discharge parameters further include a minimum allowable discharge voltage. The electrical appliance can set an over-discharge protection value, namely the second voltage according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack. When the electric appliance obtains the discharge voltage of the battery pack, the discharge voltage of the battery pack is compared with the over-discharge protection value. When the discharge voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the over-discharge protection value, which indicates that the battery pack has an over-discharge fault, the electric appliance controls the battery pack to stop discharging.

In the conventional art, an external device can adapt to various battery packs simultaneously, the charging condition and the discharging condition of different types of battery packs have certain difference, such as the charging parameter and the discharging parameter improved above, for realizing better charging and discharging control/protection, the battery pack is provided with different identification elements representing types, and the external device can detect the identification elements, so that different battery pack types are identified, different control parameters are set for the battery packs of different types, such as the constant current charging value, the discharging over-temperature protection value and the like. However, this method has a limitation that the external device can only recognize a few kinds of preset recognition elements, and only can be adapted to the fixed types of battery packs, and the battery packs can be controlled only by being mounted on the adapted external device. The battery pack provided by the above embodiment is connected to the external device through communication, and can send the preset charging parameter and the preset discharging parameter to the external device through the communication unit, so that the external device can directly control the charging process or the discharging process according to the charging parameter or the discharging parameter, and is not limited by the identification element any more, as long as the external device has the basic communication function. Compare in the external equipment of fixed model that can only adapt to of battery package among the conventional art, the external equipment can only adapt the battery package of several kinds, and the adaptation scope of battery package and external equipment is wider in this application, the good charge-discharge control of assurance simultaneously.

One embodiment of the present application provides a charging system including a charger and the above battery pack. The battery pack is detachably mounted on the charger. The battery pack includes a storage unit 117 and a communication unit 111. The storage unit 117 stores therein charging parameters of the battery pack. The communication unit 117 can be connected to the charger through the communication terminal 120 and establish communication with the charger, and the specific procedure for establishing communication is described in the foregoing, and is not described herein again. The communication unit 111 may transmit the charging parameters stored in the storage unit 117 to the charger. The charging parameters may include, among other things, a maximum allowed charging current, a maximum allowed charging temperature, a minimum allowed charging temperature, and a maximum allowed charging voltage. Furthermore, the charger may control the charging process of the battery pack according to the received charging parameters. The specific control process has been described in the foregoing, and is not described in detail here. It is understood that different battery packs may have different charging parameters, and the charger controls the charging of the corresponding battery pack according to the received different charging parameters.

In the charging system provided by the embodiment, the charging parameters are pre-stored in the battery pack, when the battery pack is connected with the charger, the charger can control the process of the battery pack according to the received charging parameters, and then one charger can be matched with a plurality of battery packs with different charging parameters, so that the application range of the battery pack is expanded.

One embodiment of the present application provides a discharge system, which includes an electrical appliance and the aforementioned battery pack. The battery pack is detachably mounted on the electric appliance to discharge electricity. The battery pack includes a storage unit 117 and a communication unit 111. The storage unit 117 stores therein discharge parameters of the battery pack. The communication unit 117 can be connected to and establish communication with the electrical appliance through the communication terminal 120, and the specific procedure for establishing communication is described in the foregoing, and is not described herein again. The communication unit 111 may transmit the discharge parameter stored in the storage unit 117 to the customer. The discharge parameters may include a maximum allowable discharge current, a maximum allowable discharge temperature, a minimum allowable discharge temperature, and a minimum allowable discharge voltage, among others. Furthermore, the courage appliance can control the discharging process of the battery pack according to the received discharging parameters. The specific control process has been described in the foregoing, and is not described in detail here. It can be understood that different battery packs can have different discharge parameters, and the electric appliance controls the corresponding battery packs to be charged according to the received different charge parameters.

In the discharge system provided by the embodiment, the discharge parameters are pre-stored in the battery pack, when the battery pack is connected with the electric appliance, the electric appliance can control the discharge process of the battery pack according to the received discharge parameters, and then the electric appliance can be matched with various battery packs with different discharge parameters, so that the application range of the battery pack is expanded.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the battery pack includes a monitoring unit 118, a communication unit 111, and a communication terminal 120. Wherein, the monitoring unit 118 and the communication unit 111 may be both disposed in the control module 110 of the battery pack. The monitoring unit 118 may collect and obtain status parameters of the battery pack. The state parameters are real-time parameters of the battery pack during operation, and the state parameters may specifically include any one of a whole pack voltage, a single section voltage of the battery core, a battery pack temperature, and a fault state. The communication unit 111 is connected to the monitoring unit 118, and is configured to receive the state parameters collected by the monitoring unit 118. The communication unit 111 is also connected to an external device through the communication terminal 120, and receives a parameter reading instruction transmitted from the external device through the communication terminal 120, and transmits the parameter reading instruction to the monitoring unit 118. The communication unit 111 transmits the state parameters of the battery pack to the external device through the communication terminal 120 according to the parameter reading instruction.

The battery pack provided by the embodiment is only used as a data acquisition end, does not actively transmit data outwards through the communication unit, and can transmit data outwards when external equipment has requirements, so that the circuit conflict that the battery pack and the external equipment simultaneously actively transmit data is avoided firstly, and the battery pack is used as a communication slave machine, and only when the external equipment has requirements, battery pack information is sent outwards, so that the battery pack is prevented from actively sending data outwards continuously to execute useless operation, and the energy of the battery pack is wasted.

In one embodiment, the battery pack includes a species identification element 180, and the species identification element 180 is connected to the communication terminal. When the battery pack identifies the external device, the external device detects the kind identification element 180 through the communication terminal to identify the type of the battery pack. In this embodiment, the species recognition element 180 may be a recognition resistor, one end of which is connected to the communication terminal and the other end of which is grounded. When the external device is connected to the communication terminal 120, the external device may detect the size of the identification resistor, and the identification resistors having different sizes correspond to the battery packs having different specifications, so that the external device may detect the type of the battery pack by detecting the size of the identification resistor, thereby controlling the charging process or the discharging process.

If the battery pack is used as a communication host, the communication unit can continuously send data to the outside through the communication terminal, voltage variation can be continuously generated on the communication terminal, and the communication terminal can only be used for communication independently, so that limitation is caused. The battery pack provided by the above embodiment is used as a slave in communication with an external device, and the communication terminal of the battery pack sends data to the outside only when receiving an instruction from the external device, the data is transmitted to the inside or the outside in the period of time, voltage fluctuation continues due to the influence of communication, the communication unit waits in a receiving state in the rest of time, no data is transmitted on the communication terminal, the communication terminal is actually idle, and the voltage state is stable and unchanged. In the present embodiment, by connecting the kind identification element 180 at the communication terminal 120, it is possible to reuse a new function for the communication terminal 120, and the external device detects the kind identification element of the communication terminal 120 to identify the battery pack type. Therefore, during the remaining time described above, the external device can accurately detect the kind identification element 180 through the communication terminal 120 to identify the type of the battery pack without being affected by communication. Therefore, the communication terminal can be used for multiple functions when the battery pack is used as a communication slave, the number of the battery pack terminals is small, the structure is compact, and the communication function is preferably configured.

In one embodiment, when the battery pack is connected to an external device, the communication unit 111 may receive a digital signal of the external device from the communication terminal 120 and transmit the digital signal to the monitoring unit 118. The monitoring unit 118 is configured to detect whether a digital signal is received from the communication unit 111 within a preset time, that is, whether a digital signal sent from the external device is received from the communication terminal 120. In this embodiment, the digital signal includes a handshake signal and a parameter reading instruction sent by an external device. When the communication unit 111 detects the digital signal through the communication terminal 120, the monitoring unit 118 may determine the type of the external device according to the digital signal.

When the communication unit 111 does not detect the digital signal within the preset time, the monitoring unit 118 determines that the external device does not have the communication function. At this time, the monitoring unit 118 detects an analog signal at the communication terminal 120 to determine the type of the external device. When the external equipment is judged to be the charger, the battery pack is in a charging state. When the external equipment is judged to be the electric appliance, the battery pack is in a discharging state. Here, the monitoring unit 118 is disposed in the control module 110, and the manner in which the monitoring unit 118 determines the type of the external device according to the digital signal or the analog signal is the same as the manner in which the control module 110 determines the type of the external device according to the digital signal or the analog signal, which is not described in detail herein.

Assuming that the battery pack is used as a communication host, the communication unit 111 continuously transmits data to the outside through the communication terminal 120, and the voltage variation continues on the communication terminal 120, which can only be used for communication alone, which has limitations. The battery pack provided in the above embodiment is used as a slave in communication with an external device, and the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack transmits data to the outside only when receiving an instruction from the external device, the data is transmitted to the inside or the outside during this period, the voltage fluctuation continues due to the influence of communication, the communication unit 111 is in a reception waiting state during the rest of the time, no data is transmitted to the communication terminal 120, the communication terminal 120 is actually idle, and the voltage state is stable and unchanged. In the present embodiment, a new function is multiplexed at the communication terminal 120 — the type of external device without communication is identified from the communication terminal. Therefore, during the rest of the above time, the battery pack can accurately recognize the type of the external device without communication through the communication terminal 120 without being affected by the communication. Thus, the communication terminal 120 can be used for multiple functions when the battery pack is used as a communication slave, the number of terminals of the battery pack is small, the structure is compact, and the communication function is preferably configured.

The following provides a specific application scenario of the present application:

referring to fig. 10, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery pack including a battery pack 150 and a control circuit board, wherein the control circuit board includes a control module 110, a temperature detection module 140, a communication terminal 120, and a status indication terminal 160. The communication terminal 120 is the first terminal, and the status indication terminal 160 is the second terminal. The communication terminal 120 and the status indication terminal 160 are used to connect external devices, the types of which include an electric appliance and a charger. After the battery pack is connected to the external device, the control module 110 is configured to detect whether the communication terminal 120 receives the digital signal of the external device within a preset time. Wherein the digital signal may be a handshake signal. When the control module 110 does not receive the digital signal within the preset time, the control module 110 determines that the external device does not have the communication function. At this time, the control module 110 determines the type of the external device by detecting the analog signal at the communication terminal 120. It should be noted that the charger without the communication function has a port adapted to the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack, and the port of the charger is provided with an external power supply and a pull-up resistor, so that when the charger is connected to the battery pack, the battery pack can detect an analog signal through the communication terminal 120. The electrical appliance without communication function also has no port adapted to the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack, and when the electrical appliance is connected to the battery pack, the communication terminal 120 of the battery pack is suspended. Accordingly, the control module 110 may determine the type of the external device by detecting the connection state at the communication terminal 120. If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 is greater than or equal to the preset voltage value, the connection state at the communication terminal 120 is connected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is a charger. If the battery pack detects that the voltage state of the analog signal at the communication terminal 120 is smaller than the preset voltage value, the connection state at the communication terminal 120 is unconnected, and the battery pack can determine that the external device is an electrical appliance.

When the external device is a charger, the control module 110 only determines whether the battery pack is in an overcharged state, but not whether the battery pack is in an overdischarged state. A first voltage and a second voltage are preset in the battery pack, and the first voltage is larger than the second voltage. When the external device is a charger, the control module 110 compares the collected single-section voltage with a preset first voltage and does not compare the collected single-section voltage with a second voltage, if any single-section voltage is greater than the first voltage, the battery pack is in an overcharged state, an overcharging fault occurs, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal through the state indicating terminal 160. The control module 110 controls the battery pack to enter a charging state even if there is a single voltage less than the second voltage.

When the external equipment is an electric appliance, the battery pack enters a discharging state. At this time, the control module 110 only determines whether the battery pack is in the over-discharge state, but not determines whether the battery pack is in the over-charge state, that is, the control module 110 compares the collected single-node voltage with the preset second voltage and does not compare the collected single-node voltage with the first voltage. If any single-section voltage is smaller than the second voltage, the battery pack is in an over-discharge state, an over-discharge fault occurs, and the control module 110 outputs an abnormal signal through the state indicating terminal 160. Even if there is a single voltage greater than the first voltage, the control module 110 controls the battery pack to enter a discharge state.

During charging and discharging, the control module 110 further calculates a maximum voltage value and a minimum voltage value according to the collected single-node voltage, and if a voltage difference value between the maximum voltage value and the minimum voltage value is greater than a first preset difference value in the control module 110, an unbalanced fault occurs in the battery pack. When the unbalance failure occurs in the battery pack, the control module 110 also outputs an abnormal signal from the state indicating terminal 160. When the battery pack has the faults (overcharge faults, overdischarge faults and unbalance faults), the battery pack enters a low power consumption mode from a normal power consumption mode.

Specifically, the battery pack further includes a circuit module 210, and the circuit module 210 includes the control module 110 and a peripheral operating circuit 220 connected to the control module 110.

The control module 110 includes a power switch 114, a voltage regulator 115, and an internal operating circuit 116. The circuits within the control module 110 excluding the power switch 114 and the voltage regulator 115 belong to the internal operating circuit 116. The positive electrode of the battery pack 150 is connected to one end of the power switch 114, and the other end of the power switch 114 is connected to one end of the voltage stabilizing unit 115. The voltage stabilizing unit 115 is used to convert the power of the battery pack 150 and output an operating power and supply power to the internal operating circuit 116 and the peripheral operating circuit 220. When the power switch 114 is turned on, the internal operating circuit 116 and the peripheral operating circuit 220 supply power to operate, and the circuit module 210 is in a normal power consumption mode, that is, the battery pack is in a normal power consumption mode.

When the power switch 114 is turned off, the input of the voltage stabilizing unit 115 is cut off and the output of the working power supply is not possible, and at this time, the internal working circuit 116 and the peripheral working circuit 220 are powered off, and the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode, that is, the battery pack enters the low power consumption mode. When the battery pack enters a low power consumption mode, the power consumption in the battery pack is in a microampere level and is close to zero power consumption.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 of the circuit module 210 detects that the voltage state at the state indicating terminal 160 is greater than or equal to the connection identification preset voltage, and then the battery pack is connected to the external device. When the battery pack is in the normal power consumption mode, if the circuit module 210 detects that the voltage state at the state indication terminal 160 is less than the connection identification preset voltage, it is determined that the battery pack is disconnected from the external device, at this time, the control module 110 turns off the power switch 114, and the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 of the circuit module 210 determines that the external device is a charger through the communication terminal 120, and the battery pack enters a charging state and starts a timer in the control module 210. The control module is preset with a first time. When the time of the control module reaches the preset first time, the control module 210 defaults that the battery pack is fully charged, and at this time, the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the control module 110 of the circuit module 210 determines that the battery pack is fully charged according to the operating parameter, i.e. the single-node voltage/the whole-pack voltage, and then the circuit module 210 enters the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode.

In one embodiment, the battery pack further includes a temperature detection module 140 having one end connected to the status indication terminal 160 and the other end connected to a first end of the switch module 170. When the single-cell voltage of any one of the battery cells detected by the control module 110 is greater than the over-discharge voltage or less than the over-charge voltage, the control module 110 controls the switch module 170 to be turned on, so that the external device is connected to the temperature detection module 140 through the status indication terminal 160 to read the temperature information of the battery pack.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the temperature detecting module 140 may be a thermistor, and the switching module 170 may be an N-type transistor. One end of the thermistor is connected to the drain of the N-type transistor, the source of the N-type transistor is grounded, and the other end of the thermistor is connected to the status indication terminal 160. When the external device is connected with the battery pack, the port of the external device connected with the state indicating terminal 160 is provided with an external power supply and a pull-up resistor, the external power supply and the pull-up resistor are grounded through the thermistor and the N-type transistor, and the external device can read the temperature information of the battery pack by reading the resistance value of the thermistor. When the external equipment judges that the battery pack is over-temperature, the connection with the battery pack is disconnected, so that the battery pack stops charging or discharging.

In another embodiment, the temperature detection module 140 is further connected to the control module 110, and after the control module 110 collects the temperature information of the battery pack, the temperature information of the battery pack is sent to the external device through the communication unit 111. The external equipment can judge whether the battery pack is over-temperature according to the received temperature information, and if the battery pack is over-temperature, the external equipment is disconnected with the battery pack, so that the battery pack stops charging and discharging.

When the external device is connected to the battery pack and the control module 110 of the battery pack detects that the communication unit 111 receives the digital signal within the preset time, the external device has a communication function, and the communication unit 111 can identify the type of the external device according to the digital signal sent by the external device. The digital signal may be a handshake signal transmitted by an external device. The handshake signals sent by different external device types are also different. When the communication unit 111 receives the first handshake signal, it can determine that the external connection is the charger by analyzing the source address carried by the first handshake signal. When the communication unit 111 receives the second handshake signal, it can determine that the externally connected electrical appliance is an electrical appliance by analyzing the source address carried by the second handshake signal. After receiving the handshake signal and replying with the agreement, the communication unit 111 succeeds in handshaking, and the battery pack can enter a charging state or a discharging state and is in real-time communication with external equipment in the charging and discharging processes. When the battery pack communicates with an external device, the communication unit 111 may be a serial communication unit, the communication terminal 120 may also be a half-duplex serial port, and the communication unit 111 performs serial communication with the external device through the communication terminal 120.

Further, the control module 110 further includes a sending interface 112 and a receiving interface 113, the sending interface 112 and the receiving interface 113 belong to the communication unit 111 and are respectively connected to the communication terminal, the communication unit 111 transmits a signal to be sent from the sending interface 112 to the communication terminal and then sends the signal to an external device, and the communication unit receives the signal sent from the external device to the communication terminal 120 through the interface unit 113. The battery pack further includes a conversion module 130, one end of the conversion module 130 is connected to the transmission interface 112, and the other end is connected to the communication terminal 120. The conversion module 130 is used for transmitting the signal generated by the communication unit 111 to the external device, and preventing the signal of the external device from flowing to the communication unit 111 through the transmission interface 112, so that the signal transmitted by the external device can only flow to the communication unit from the communication terminal 120 and the receiving interface 130. In this embodiment, the conversion module 130 may be a switch controlled by the communication unit 111. In this embodiment, the communication unit is a serial communication unit, and adopts a serial communication protocol, the transmission interface 112 is a Tx pin, the reception interface 113 is an Rx pin, and the conversion module 130 makes the communication terminal 120 a half-duplex serial port, which can transmit and receive data, but cannot transmit data at the same time, and the communication unit 111 performs serial communication with an external device through the communication terminal 120.

When the external equipment is a charger with a communication function, and the charger successfully handshakes the battery pack, a parameter reading instruction is sent. And after receiving the parameter reading instruction, the battery pack sends corresponding working parameters and/or state parameters to the charger. The working parameters comprise preset charging parameters, and the types of the charging parameters comprise preset voltage information, preset current information and preset temperature information. The preset current information may be a maximum allowable charging current, the preset voltage information may be a maximum allowable charging voltage of the battery pack, and the preset temperature information may be a maximum allowable charging temperature and a minimum allowable charging temperature. And the charger receives the charging parameters and then can set corresponding constant current charging current values, constant voltage charging voltage values and charging over-temperature protection values according to the charging parameters.

The state parameter is a real-time parameter in the working process of the battery pack. In this embodiment, the state parameter includes any one of a whole pack voltage, a single cell voltage of a battery cell, a battery pack temperature, and a fault state. The fault state may be an overcharge fault, an overdischarge fault, an over-temperature fault, an unbalance fault, or the like. After receiving the whole pack voltage of the battery pack, the charger can judge whether the battery pack is full or fails according to a preset full-charge cut-off voltage. If yes, the charger stops charging the battery pack. And when the charger knows that the battery pack is fully charged, the charger sends a charging state informed instruction carrying full charge information of the battery pack and stops charging the battery pack. After receiving the charging state notification command, the control module 110 controls the battery pack to enter a low power consumption mode.

And if the charger detects the self fault, sending a charging state informed instruction carrying the fault information of the charger, and stopping charging the battery pack. After the battery pack receives the charging state informed instruction, the power switch 114 is controlled to be switched off, so that the battery pack enters a low power consumption mode from a normal power consumption mode, and the power consumption of the battery pack when the battery pack is not used is reduced.

When the external equipment is an electric appliance with a communication function, the electric appliance and the battery pack successfully shake hands, and then a parameter reading instruction is sent. And after receiving the parameter reading instruction, the battery pack sends corresponding working parameters and/or state parameters to the electric appliance. The working parameters include preset discharge parameters, that is, preset voltage information, preset current information, and preset temperature information. The preset current information may be a maximum allowable discharge current, the preset voltage information may be a minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, and the preset temperature information may be a maximum allowable discharge temperature and a minimum allowable discharge temperature. And after receiving the discharge parameters, the electrical appliance can set corresponding over-current protection values, over-discharge protection values and discharge over-temperature protection values according to the discharge parameters.

Because battery package and external equipment pass through communication and send preset working parameter, external equipment sets up corresponding charge value or discharge value according to the parameter received, compare in the prior art charger can only charge for specific battery package or battery package can only charge for the electrical apparatus of using of specific model, in this application, the adaptation scope of battery package is wider.

When the battery pack is communicated with the external equipment, the battery pack is used as a slave to receive data, the external equipment is used as a host to send the data, and the battery pack can send the data to the outside only after receiving the instruction of the external equipment, so that the circuit conflict that the battery pack and the external equipment simultaneously and actively send the data is avoided, the battery pack can be prevented from continuously and actively sending the data to the outside to execute useless operation, and the energy of the battery pack is wasted.

In one embodiment, the battery pack 100 includes a switch activation circuit 190, and the switch activation circuit 190 has one end connected to the communication terminal 120 and the status indication terminal 160 and the other end connected to the control module 110. The switch activation circuit 190 is configured to receive an activation signal sent by the external device through the switch activation circuit 190 and switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode when the external device is connected to the battery pack.

In this embodiment, when the battery pack is not connected to the external device, the battery pack is in the low power consumption mode, and the internal operating circuit does not operate. When the battery pack is connected with the external device, the battery pack can be switched from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode after detecting the external device.

Specifically, the switch activation circuit 190 includes a first charging unit 191 and an activation switch 193. The activation switch 193 includes a control terminal, a first terminal, and a second terminal. The control terminal of the activation switch 193 is connected to one end of the first charging unit 191, and the other end of the first charging unit 191 is connected to the state indicating terminal 160. A first terminal of the activation switch 193 is coupled to the power source and a second terminal of the activation switch 192 is coupled to the control module 110.

When an external device is connected to the battery pack, the external device is connected to the status indication terminal 160. Since the external power supply and the pull-up resistor are provided at the port where the external device is connected to the status indication terminal 1600, the external device can charge the first charging unit 191 through the status indication terminal 160. The first charging unit 191 may control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, and the control module 110 may detect the power source connected to the activation switch 192, so that the control module 110 switches from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode.

Further, in another embodiment, the switch activation circuit 190 may further include a second charging unit 192, one end of the second charging unit 192 is connected to the communication terminal 120, and the other end is connected to the control end of the activation switch 193. When the external device is connected to the communication terminal 120, the external device has a port adapted to the communication terminal 120, and the port has a pull-up resistor and an external power supply. Accordingly, the external device can charge the second charging unit 192 through the communication terminal 120. The second charging unit 192 may control the activation switch 193 to be turned on, so that the control module 110 may switch from the low power consumption mode to the normal power consumption mode when detecting the operating power connected to the activation switch 193.

In this embodiment, the activation switch 193 may be a transistor, and the type of the transistor may be N-type or P-type, which may be selected by a user according to his or her needs.

The battery pack provided by the above embodiment outputs a battery pack fault signal and temperature information of the battery pack through the status indication terminal, activates power-on operation of the battery pack, detects disconnection of the battery pack from an external device and enters low power consumption power saving, identifies types of the external devices of different platforms through the communication terminal, communicates with the external device having a communication function, activates power-on operation of the battery pack, identifies types of the battery pack through the external device, and multiplexes a plurality of functions through one port, thereby reducing the number of ports of the battery pack and improving the port integration level. The battery pack can be used for external equipment with a communication function and also can be used for external equipment without the communication function, and the application platform is wide. In addition, the battery pack can enter the low power consumption mode from the normal power consumption mode when the battery pack breaks down, the battery pack is fully charged, the charger breaks down and the battery pack is disconnected with external equipment, so that the power consumption of the battery pack can be reduced. When the battery pack is connected with external equipment, the battery pack can automatically enter a normal power consumption mode, and the intellectualization of the battery pack is realized.

The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.

The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery pack detachably connectable to an external device including an electric consumer and a charger to perform charging or discharging, characterized in that the battery pack includes a storage unit storing charging parameters and discharging parameters of the battery pack, a communication unit, and a communication terminal;

the communication unit is connected to the external device through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the external device, and the communication unit is connected to the storage unit and transmits the charging parameter or the discharging parameter to the external device from the communication terminal, so that the external device controls a charging process or a discharging process according to the charging parameter or the discharging parameter.

2. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the charging parameters include a maximum allowed charging current;

and the charger sets a constant current charging current value according to the maximum allowable charging current and controls the constant current charging process.

3. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the charging parameters include a maximum allowed charging temperature, a minimum allowed charging temperature;

the charger sets a charging over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature, when the charger obtains the temperature of the battery pack, the temperature of the battery pack is compared with the charging over-temperature protection value, when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the charging over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the charger stops the charging process.

4. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the charging parameters include a maximum allowed charging voltage;

and the charger sets a constant voltage charging voltage value according to the maximum allowable charging voltage and controls the constant voltage charging process.

5. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the discharge parameters include a maximum allowed discharge current;

and the electrical appliance sets an overcurrent protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge current, detects the discharge current, and stops the discharge process when the discharge current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent protection value.

6. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the discharge parameters include a maximum allowable discharge temperature, a minimum allowable discharge temperature;

and the electrical appliance sets a discharge over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable discharge temperature and the minimum allowable discharge temperature, acquires the temperature of the battery pack, compares the temperature of the battery pack with the discharge over-temperature protection value, generates an over-temperature fault when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the discharge over-temperature protection value, and stops the discharge process of the electrical appliance.

7. The battery pack of claim 1, wherein the discharge parameters include a minimum allowable discharge voltage;

the electric appliance sets an over-discharge protection value according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, the electric appliance obtains the discharge voltage of the battery pack, the discharge voltage of the battery pack is compared with the over-discharge protection value, when the discharge voltage of the battery pack is smaller than or equal to the over-discharge protection value, an over-discharge fault occurs, and the electric appliance stops a discharge process.

8. A charging system comprises a charger and a battery pack, wherein the battery pack is detachably mounted on the charger for charging, and is characterized in that: the battery pack comprises a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal;

the storage unit stores charging parameters of the battery pack,

the communication unit is connected to the charger through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the charger, and the communication unit is connected with the memory and sends the charging parameters to the charger through the communication terminal;

and the charger receives the charging parameters and controls the charging process according to the charging parameters.

9. The charging system of claim 8, wherein the charging parameter comprises a maximum allowable charging current

10. The charging system of claim 8, wherein the charging parameters include a maximum allowed charging temperature, a minimum allowed charging temperature;

the charger sets an over-temperature protection value according to the maximum allowable charging temperature and the minimum allowable charging temperature, the charger obtains the temperature of the battery pack, compares the temperature of the battery pack with the charging over-temperature protection value, and when the temperature of the battery pack exceeds the charging over-temperature protection value, an over-temperature fault occurs, and the charger stops the charging process.

11. The charging system of claim 8, wherein the charging parameters include a maximum allowed charging voltage;

12. The utility model provides a discharge system, includes with electrical apparatus, battery package detachable installs and discharges on electrical apparatus, its characterized in that: the battery pack comprises a storage unit, a communication unit and a communication terminal;

the storage unit stores discharge parameters of the battery pack,

the communication unit is connected to the electrical appliance through the communication terminal and establishes communication with the electrical appliance, and the communication unit is connected with the memory and sends the discharge parameters to the electrical appliance through the communication terminal;

and the electrical appliance receives the discharge parameters and controls the discharge process according to the discharge parameters.

13. The discharge system of claim 12, wherein the discharge parameter comprises a maximum allowable discharge current;

14. The discharge system of claim 12, wherein the discharge parameters include a maximum allowable discharge temperature, a minimum allowable discharge temperature;

15. The discharge system of claim 12, wherein the discharge parameters include a minimum allowable discharge voltage;

and the electrical appliance sets an over-discharge protection value according to the minimum allowable discharge voltage of the battery pack, acquires the voltage of the battery pack, compares the voltage of the battery pack with the over-discharge protection value, and stops the discharge process when the voltage of the battery pack is less than or equal to the over-discharge protection value and the over-discharge fault occurs.