CN112086989A - Power electronic equipment control initialization method - Google Patents

Power electronic equipment control initialization method Download PDF

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CN112086989A
CN112086989A CN202010872902.XA CN202010872902A CN112086989A CN 112086989 A CN112086989 A CN 112086989A CN 202010872902 A CN202010872902 A CN 202010872902A CN 112086989 A CN112086989 A CN 112086989A
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control
integrator
power electronic
value
initialization method
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CN112086989B (en
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李周
詹若培
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Southeast University
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/36Means for starting or stopping converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
    • H02J2203/20Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28The renewable source being wind energy
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a power electronic equipment control initialization method, which comprises the following steps: (1) before a target control strategy is started, measuring electrical quantity from an actual system to obtain a state, collecting real-time electrical quantity data, and obtaining setting value information required by a control loop; (2) setting an initial value of an integrator in the control loop according to setting value information required by the control loop in the step (1), and locking the initial value of the integrator before starting control; (3) and (3) setting a target control strategy reference value as the measured value of the electric quantity obtained in the step (1), and sending a control starting signal to the modulation and valve group control by the control system to start the control strategy. The method and the device realize that when the control strategy is initialized, the circuit impact is reduced, the rapidity and the stability of the control of the power electronic equipment in the starting process are improved, more application scenes are provided for the power electronic equipment, and the method and the device can be widely applied to the field of power electronics.

Description

Power electronic equipment control initialization method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and relates to a power electronic device control initialization method.
Background
With the development of power electronics technology, power electronics devices such as VSC-HVDC (high voltage direct current transmission technology based on a voltage source converter), DFIG (doubly-fed induction machine), SVC (static var compensator), STATCOM (static synchronous compensator), and the like have been widely used in power systems. In the control strategy of these power electronics, integrators are typically used in the control loop. Zero error control is realized in different control strategies through an integrator, and different control targets are realized. In the process of starting the valve control of the equipment or switching the control strategy and the like, if the control strategy is started in the same setting of normal operation, great impact can be generated, overvoltage and overcurrent are easy to occur, and the stability of the system is difficult to maintain. In order to ensure the stability of the control start-up process, the current and voltage need to be limited within certain ranges, and at the same time, the start-up speed of the control strategy needs to be increased. In combination with the above two points, the control strategy of the power electronic device requires a proper control initialization method.
In order to implement control strategy initialization, a conventional control initialization method first sets a control target reference value to be the same as an actual value to reduce the influence of control startup, and after a system is stabilized, the reference value is changed to an ideal value. Also, since the initial value of the integrator is unknown before the control strategy for the power electronics begins, causing unpredictable problems, the output values of the integrators all need to be reset to zero. However, clearing the initial value of the integrator is one of the reasons for generating circuit impact in the control starting process, so that the starting of some control strategies can generate larger impact, thereby increasing the control starting difficulty. This is due to the fact that the integrator initial value is cleared and the integrator output value is zero, which results in a control quantity that differs from the corresponding electrical quantity in the actual circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a power electronic device control initialization method, in which an initial value of an integral is considered according to an actual circuit model to reduce an impact caused by starting a control strategy, so that the starting stability of the power electronic device control strategy can be improved, the starting speed can be increased, and the power electronic device can have more application scenarios.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a power electronic device control initialization method comprises the following steps:
(1) before a target control strategy is started, measuring electrical quantity from an actual system to obtain a state, and collecting real-time electrical quantity data related to a control part; obtaining setting value information required by a control loop through the real-time electrical quantity data;
(2) setting an initial value of an integrator in the control loop according to setting value information required by the control loop in the step (1), and locking the initial value of the integrator before starting control;
(3) and (3) setting a target control strategy reference value as the measured value of the electric quantity obtained in the step (1), and sending a control starting signal to the modulation and valve group control by the control system to start the control strategy.
Further, the method also comprises the following steps:
(5) when the control strategy is started, the locking of the initial value of the control loop integrator is released, the control loop works normally, and then the next initialization can be carried out.
Further, in the step (2), after the initial value of the integrator is locked, the initial value of the integrator in the control loop is equal to the setting value of the integrator.
Further, the setting value information required by the control loop includes: and controlling the target reference value and the setting value of the integrator.
Further, the control strategy initiating comprises: starting a control strategy when the equipment valve is controlled to be unlocked and switching the equipment control strategy.
Further, the power electronic device includes: the device comprises a STATCOM static synchronous compensator, an SVC static reactive compensator, a TCSC controllable series compensator, a UPFC unified power flow controller, a DFIG double-fed induction motor and an HVDC high-voltage direct-current transmission system.
Further, when the method is applied to amplitude-phase control of the VSC, the initial integration value of the integrator is set as follows:
Figure BDA0002651703930000021
in the formula, Us is alternating voltage of a PCC point of the converter, Ps and Qs are active power and reactive power of the PCC point respectively, and X is converter impedance.
Further, the integrator output quantity is:
Figure BDA0002651703930000022
in the formula, KIAnd KPProportional coefficient, t, set for integrator and proportional element0The moment is the moment of unlocking, t1The moment is a certain moment after actual operation, UsrefIs an ac voltage reference.
Further, when the method is applied to a network side control structure of the DFIG doubly-fed wind generator, the four integrators are set in the following mode:
directly measure to obtain isdref(t0)、isqref(t0) U is calculated by the following formulakd(t0)、Ukq(t0):
Figure BDA0002651703930000031
In the formula, PsFor net-side active power, U, of the convertersIs the effective value of the AC voltage at the network side of the converter, UcIs the effective value of the AC voltage of the PCC point, t0For controlling the moment of strategy start, QsFor net side reactive power, isdAnd isqD and q-axis components, X, of the net-side alternating currentcR is the equivalent resistance of the converter inductor.
Further, the output quantities of the four proportional-integral devices satisfy that:
Figure BDA0002651703930000032
in the formula, t0For the control strategy start-up time, t1At a certain moment for the control strategy to operate normally, VdcIs a DC voltage of the inverter, VdcrefIs a reference value of DC voltage, QsrefIs a reference value of reactive power, isdrefIs a d-axis current reference value, isqrefIs a q-axis current reference value.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the method and the device realize that when the control strategy is initialized, the circuit impact is reduced, the rapidity and the stability of the control of the power electronic equipment in the starting process are improved, more application scenes are provided for the power electronic equipment, and the method and the device can be widely applied to the field of power electronics.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power electronics control initialization method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a power electronic device control initialization method according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a microgrid through a flexible direct grid system verifying the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of amplitude and phase control of the flexible DC power transmission;
fig. 5 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of the microgrid through the flexible direct grid system according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a microgrid ac bus line voltage (effective value), (b) is a microgrid ac bus frequency, (c) is a PCC point active power of the VSC1, (d) is a phase current of the VSC1, and (e) is a dc voltage of the VSC 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for verifying grid-side control of the doubly-fed wind turbine of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a control loop including an integrator.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a power electronic equipment control initialization method, which is used for initializing before a target control strategy is started in order to reduce the impact of a starting process when a control strategy of power electronic equipment needs to be started. Power electronicsOne or more control loops of the equipment control system comprise integrators, and a certain control strategy is utilized to control the valve stages, so that corresponding functions of the power electronic equipment are realized. A control loop including an integrator is generally shown in fig. 7. In the figure, the input variable r of a certain control loop of the control systemn(t) obtaining an output variable c by means of an integratorn(t) its output value is integrated continuously from the control initial timing and correlated with the integration initial value. Starting the control strategy of the power electronic equipment, wherein the starting process comprises the processes of starting the control strategy when the equipment valve is controlled and unlocked, switching the control strategy of the equipment and the like. It should be noted that the startup refers to the startup of a certain control strategy, and does not represent the startup of the power electronic device, and the power electronic device may be in an operating state, and the operating state does not necessarily need to be a steady state.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, the power electronic device control initialization method provided by this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) before a target control strategy is started, measuring electrical quantity from an actual system to obtain a state, and collecting real-time electrical quantity data related to a control part. And obtaining setting value information required by the control loop through the real-time electrical quantity data. It should be noted that the real-time electrical quantity data is the electrical quantity originally necessary for control, a new measurement interface is not required to be added, and the system acquires the actual electrical quantity value at any time. Setting value information required by the control loop comprises a control target reference value and a setting value of the integrator;
(2) according to the setting value information required by the control loop in the step (1), the initial value setting of the integrator in the control loop is realized, the initial value of the integrator is locked before starting control, and the operation can ensure the output value (t) of the integrator in the control loop0Time) is equal to an initial value, i.e. the integrator setting value, and it can be guaranteed that the output value is not deviated from the actual value when control start occurs. Setting an initial value of an integrator in a control loop, wherein the output quantity of the integrator meets the following requirements:
Figure BDA0002651703930000041
in the formula, t0For the control strategy start-up time, t1At a certain moment of normal operation of the control strategy, rn(τ) is the integrator input. c. Cn(t0) The initial value of the integrator which needs to be set is usually obtained by corresponding calculation in combination with an actual circuit and a mathematical model of the system.
(3) Setting the target control strategy reference value to the measured value of the electrical quantity obtained in (1) ensures that the deviation of the control loop input is 0. The control system sends a control starting signal to modulation and valve group control to start a control strategy;
(4) when the control strategy is started, the locking of the initial value of the control loop integrator is released, the control loop works normally, and then the next initialization can be carried out. The setting of the initial value of the integrator is only to set and lock the initial value, and the setting only works at the moment of starting, and does not affect the operation even if the locking is not released after starting. It should be noted that, at this time, the control target reference value of the control strategy is still equal to the measured value at the time of control start, and the reference value needs to be modified to the ideal value when the control strategy start is gradually stabilized.
Application example 1: the present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
Fig. 3 is an application of the invention in flexible direct-current transmission VSC-HVDC, and fig. 4 is a magnitude-phase control block diagram. The figure shows a double-end VSC-HVDC system, and the left end is an equivalent microgrid system which comprises a generator set, a motor set, a fixed load and energy storage equipment. The alternating current bus voltage is 500kV, the VSC alternating current voltage of the voltage source type converter is 255kV, the direct current voltage is +/-250 kV, and the direct current capacitance is 500 uF. The equivalent generator set outputs 375MW active power, the equivalent motor set consumes 150MW active power, and the fixed load is 225 MW. When 10s, the VSC-HVDC is put into use, the VSC at the microgrid end is controlled by amplitude and phase, and the VSC at the main grid end is controlled by fixed direct-current voltage. And carrying out PSCAD simulation according to the model to obtain the microgrid alternating-current bus and the dynamic characteristics of the microgrid-side VSC, and referring to FIG. 5.
According to the control initialization method, microgrid alternating-current bus connection is carried out before 10sAnd measuring the voltage to obtain a phase and an alternating current amplitude required by amplitude-phase control, and using the phase and the alternating current amplitude as a control target reference value of the control strategy. According to the condition that the voltage is 229kV, the AC voltage reference value U of the PCC point controlled by amplitude and phasesrefSetting the initial value of the integrator to be 229kV, and setting the initial value of the integrator as follows:
Figure BDA0002651703930000051
in the formula, Us is alternating voltage of a PCC point of the converter, Ps and Qs are active power and reactive power of the PCC point respectively, and X is converter impedance. In this example, since Ps is 0, Qs is 15MVar, X is 0.15pu, and the actual value is 10.58ohm, the ac outlet side voltage U of the inverter is obtainedc(t0) 228.3 kV. The amplitude and phase control output quantity at this time is as follows:
Figure BDA0002651703930000052
in the formula, KIAnd KPProportional coefficient, t, set for integrator and proportional element0The moment is the moment of unlocking, t1The moment is a certain moment after actual operation, UsrefIs an ac voltage reference. And calculating or directly measuring to obtain the voltage at the VSC alternating outlet side from the process, wherein the voltage is used as an initial value of an amplitude-phase control integrator, and the initial value of the integrator is locked before the control strategy is started. And (2) sending control starting signals to a control loop and VSC valve control at 10s, and then unlocking the initial value of the integrator, wherein the setting of the initial value of the integrator is only the setting and locking of the initial value, the setting and locking only acts at the starting moment, and the operation cannot be influenced even if the locking is not released after the starting. As can be seen from fig. 5, the VSC-HVSC is unlocked to a stable operation within only 2.5s, during which the dc voltage oscillates slightly and drops to about 480kV maximally, and the ac voltage is almost constant. The active power changes greatly, which is caused by that VSC-HVDC guarantees that the frequency is 50Hz in order to realize amplitude-phase control, and it can be seen that the frequency of the original microgrid is 49.8And Hz, after the VSC is connected, 75MW active power is provided for the microgrid, the frequency is stabilized to 50Hz, the whole process is rapid and smooth, the current has no over-current problem, and the voltage has no over-voltage problem. In addition, for a scene that the microgrid is connected to the power grid through VSC-HVDC, if amplitude-phase control is adopted, the traditional control strategy initialization method is used for grid connection, and because the integrator is cleared to zero, the amplitude and the phase of the AC outlet voltage of the converter are far away from the grid connection point, system oscillation can be generated, even system breakdown can be caused, and grid connection is difficult to realize. According to the simulation, the invention can realize a good microgrid grid-connection process under the VSC amplitude-phase control, and embodies the function of providing more application scenes for power electronic equipment.
Application example 2:
referring to fig. 6, a network side control structure of a DFIG doubly-fed wind generator is shown, according to the network side control structure, when a doubly-fed wind turbine is started, a converter needs to be unlocked, and meanwhile, a control strategy needs to be initialized. According to the initialization method of the invention, the initialization process is as follows:
(1) before a network side control strategy is started, active power, reactive power, alternating voltage and alternating current of a fan network side are measured, and therefore setting value information required by a control loop is obtained. The data is the electrical quantity which is originally necessary for control, and a new measuring interface is not required to be added.
(2) And (2) according to the setting value information required by the control loop in the step (1), setting the initial value of the integrator in the control loop, and locking the initial value of the integrator before starting control. For the grid-side control loop of the doubly-fed wind turbine shown in fig. 6, four proportional-integrator outputs satisfy:
Figure BDA0002651703930000061
in the formula, t0For the control strategy start-up time, t1At a certain moment for the control strategy to operate normally, VdcFor the DC voltage of the converter, QsFor net side reactive power, isdAnd isqD-and q-axis components, V, of the net-side alternating currentdcrefIs a reference value of DC voltage, QsrefIs a reference value of reactive power, isdrefIs a d-axis current reference value, isqrefIs a q-axis current reference value. At control initialization, isdref(t0)、isqref(t0) Can be directly measured to obtain Ukd(t0)、Ukq(t0) The calculation is needed, and the calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002651703930000062
in the formula, PsFor net-side active power, U, of the convertersIs the effective value of the AC voltage at the network side of the converter, UcIs the effective value of the AC voltage of the PCC point, XcR is the equivalent resistance of the converter inductor. And finishing the setting of the integrator in the initialization process according to the process.
(3) And (3) setting the direct-current voltage and network side reactive power reference value of the converter as the electric quantity measured value obtained in the step (1), and ensuring that the deviation quantity input by the control loop is 0. The control system sends a control starting signal to modulation and valve group control to start a control strategy;
(4) when the control strategy is started, the locking of the initial value of the control loop integrator is released, the control loop works normally, and then the next initialization can be carried out. The setting of the initial value of the integrator is only to set and lock the initial value, and the setting only works at the moment of starting, and does not affect the operation even if the locking is not released after starting. At this time, the control target reference value of the control strategy is still equal to the measured value when the control is started, and the reference value is modified to be the standard value when the control strategy is started to be gradually stable.
The above two application embodiments are only examples, and should not be taken as a limitation of the present invention, and the power electronic devices to which the present invention can be applied include, but are not limited to, the following devices shown in table 1:
Figure BDA0002651703930000071
TABLE 1
The technical means disclosed in the invention scheme are not limited to the technical means disclosed in the above embodiments, but also include the technical scheme formed by any combination of the above technical features. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and such improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A power electronic device control initialization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) before a target control strategy is started, measuring electrical quantity from an actual system to obtain a state, and collecting real-time electrical quantity data related to a control part; obtaining setting value information required by a control loop through the real-time electrical quantity data;
(2) setting an initial value of an integrator in the control loop according to setting value information required by the control loop in the step (1), and locking the initial value of the integrator before starting control;
(3) and (3) setting a target control strategy reference value as the measured value of the electric quantity obtained in the step (1), and sending a control starting signal to the modulation and valve group control by the control system to start the control strategy.
2. The power electronic device control initialization method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising the steps of:
(4) when the control strategy is started, the locking of the initial value of the control loop integrator is released, the control loop works normally, and then the next initialization can be carried out.
3. The power electronic device control initialization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in step (2), after the initial value of the integrator is locked, the initial value of the integrator in the control loop is equal to the setting value of the integrator.
4. The power electronics control initialization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the setting value information required by the control loop comprises: and controlling the target reference value and the setting value of the integrator.
5. The power electronic device control initialization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control strategy initiation comprises: starting a control strategy when the equipment valve is controlled to be unlocked and switching the equipment control strategy.
6. The power electronic device control initialization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the power electronic device includes: the device comprises a STATCOM static synchronous compensator, an SVC static reactive compensator, a TCSC controllable series compensator, a UPFC unified power flow controller, a DFIG double-fed induction motor and an HVDC high-voltage direct-current transmission system.
7. A power electronic device control initialization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when applied in amplitude-phase control of VSC, the integrator integration initial value is set as follows:
Figure FDA0002651703920000011
in the formula, Us is alternating voltage of a PCC point of the converter, Ps and Qs are active power and reactive power of the PCC point respectively, and X is converter impedance.
8. A power electronic device control initialization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the integrator output quantity is:
Figure FDA0002651703920000012
in the formula, KIAnd KPProportional coefficient, t, set for integrator and proportional element0The moment is the moment of unlocking, t1The moment is a certain moment after actual operation, UsrefIs an ac voltage reference.
9. The power electronic equipment control initialization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that when applied in a DFIG doubly-fed wind generator grid-side control structure, four integrators are set by:
directly measure to obtain isdref(t0)、isqref(t0) U is calculated by the following formulakd(t0)、Ukq(t0):
Figure FDA0002651703920000021
In the formula, PsFor net-side active power, U, of the convertersIs the effective value of the AC voltage at the network side of the converter, UcIs the effective value of the AC voltage of the PCC point, t0For controlling the moment of strategy start, QsFor net side reactive power, isdAnd isqD and q-axis components, X, of the net-side alternating currentcR is the equivalent resistance of the converter inductor.
10. A power electronic device control initialization method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that four proportional-integral-device outputs satisfy:
Figure FDA0002651703920000022
in the formula, t0When starting for control strategyMoment t1At a certain moment for the control strategy to operate normally, VdcIs a DC voltage of the inverter, VdcrefIs a reference value of DC voltage, QsrefIs a reference value of reactive power, isdrefIs a d-axis current reference value, isqrefIs a q-axis current reference value.
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