CN112084608A - Method for identifying risk pipelines and nodes by adopting parameter uncertainty analysis model - Google Patents
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Abstract
A method for identifying risk pipelines and nodes by adopting a parameter uncertainty analysis model belongs to the technical field of drainage pipe network analysis. And solving the failure probability of the nodes and the pipeline by adopting an SWMM model solver according to a Monte Carlo random simulation principle, and expressing the risks of the pipeline and the nodes according to the failure probability, thereby providing theoretical guidance for the pipe network risk assessment work under the conditions of uncertain parameters and no monitoring data.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for identifying high-risk pipelines and nodes by establishing an analysis model considering model parameter uncertainty aiming at the requirement of functional risk evaluation of a municipal drainage pipe network. Belongs to the technical field of drainage pipe network analysis.
Background
The drainage pipe network model is a reasonable generalization of an actual drainage pipe network system according to the basic rules of urban surface runoff production, runoff and pipe network confluence. By simulating the pipe network state under various working condition situations, mastering the drainage and operation rules of the pipe network and combining the effect analysis of each pipe section and each node in the pipe network, a scientific decision basis can be provided for planning, designing, operating management and updating and transforming schemes of the drainage pipe network.
Because the drainage model has uncertainty of parameter values during construction, when the drainage model is applied to evaluate the functional state of the urban drainage pipe network, the model parameters are often firstly calibrated to ensure the accuracy of simulation evaluation. The most common way is to rate the model parameters using data from monitoring points in the actual pipe network. However, the method needs to provide data of relatively dense monitoring points, but the density of most urban drainage monitoring points in China at present hardly meets the requirements, and even some cities or regions do not have monitoring data, so that a method for ensuring that the simulation precision of a drainage model meets the use requirements under the condition that the monitoring data required by model calibration is not available needs to be established, and therefore, the purpose of analyzing dangerous pipelines and nodes in a pipeline network by using the model is achieved, and a pipeline updating and transforming scheme is optimized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the condition of no monitoring data, the invention adopts a model to identify the risk problem in a drainage pipe network and provides a drainage pipe network simulation and evaluation method considering model parameter uncertainty. And solving the failure probability of the nodes and the pipeline by adopting an SWMM model solver according to a Monte Carlo random simulation principle, and expressing the risks of the pipeline and the nodes according to the failure probability, thereby providing theoretical guidance for the pipe network risk assessment work under the conditions of uncertain parameters and no monitoring data.
The technical scheme is as follows: for a drainage network model containing n uncertainty parameters, the uncertainty parameters are considered as random variables X ═ X1, X2, …, Xn, subject to a certain probability distribution, and the random variable parameters are assumed to be independent of each other. The steps of using a model solver of SWMM and adopting Monte Carlo simulation sampling calculation are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: and (4) selecting uncertainty parameters. And selecting n parameters which have large influence on the number of overflow nodes and full pipelines as uncertainty analysis parameters.
Step two: and (4) uncertainty parameter values and obedience distribution type determination. And determining the value range of the uncertainty model parameters and the obedience probability distribution type by referring to relevant specifications, manuals, documents and other data.
Step three: the settings are calculated. The accuracy requirement of the Monte Carlo simulation times N or the simulation estimation value variation coefficient is automatically determined according to the requirement of the simulation accuracynode]And 2pipe]The value of (c).
Step four: and (4) a calculation method and definition of failure probability and a structural function thereof.
Under the working condition of considering the uncertainty parameters, the calculation principles of the node and pipeline failure probability are expressed as formulas (1) and (2).
In the formula, Pf,nodeIs the node failure probability; pf,pipeIs the pipeline failure probability; (x) is a joint probability density function of the random variable vectors; for the function gnode(X) and gpipe(X), respectively defining node overflow and pipeline full pipe as node and pipeline failure modes, and expressing as follows:
gnode(X)=W0-W(X) (3)
gpipe(X)=D0-D(X) (4)
where X is a set of random variables of uncertainty parameters that affect the state of the model (system), W0The well depth of the inspection well corresponding to the model node is W (X), and the maximum water depth of the node is calculated by the model; d0The diameter of the model pipeline is shown, and D (X) is the maximum water level of the pipeline relative to the bottom of the pipe calculated by the model.
Therefore, in the formula (1), gnode(X) 0 or lessThe maximum water depth W (X) of the node exceeds the well depth W of the corresponding inspection well0The node overflows, namely the node fails; gpipe(X) 0 or less represents that the maximum water depth D (X) of the pipeline relative to the bottom of the pipeline exceeds the diameter D of the corresponding pipeline0The pipe is full, i.e. the pipe fails.
And step five, solving the failure probability of the nodes and the pipelines by a Monte Carlo random sampling method.
Since the maximum water depth w (X) of the node and the maximum water level d (X) of the pipeline in the formulas (3) and (4) are nonlinear functions related to X, and when the number of variables in X is large, it is very difficult to directly solve the failure probability of the node and the pipeline by using the formula (1), the Monte Carlo method is a common approximate solution for describing and estimating function statistics, and an approximate solution with higher precision can be obtained for a highly nonlinear function. The solving steps are as follows:
respectively carrying out random sampling of kth simulation on n uncertainty parameters, wherein each simulation randomly takes one value from a corresponding range according to the probability distribution type obeyed by each uncertainty parameter, and respectively generating n random numbers X(k)=(x1k,x2k,…,xnk) Writing the random numbers as model parameter values of the current sampling into a model inp file, calling a swmm5.dll model solving function library to perform model calculation, and reading the calculation results of node overflow and pipeline fullness in an rpt report file;
and secondly, simulating estimation value statistics.
Calculating node and pipeline failure probability estimated values corresponding to the current result (previous k times of simulation) after the k time of simulation according to the formulas (5) and (6)Andand calculating the coefficient of variation of the simulated estimation value according to the equations (7) and (8)k,nodeAndk,pipe;
where k is the number of analog samples, X(i)Sampling value of random variable X obtained for the ith analog sampling; i (g)node(X(i)) Less than or equal to 0) is an indicative function of {0,1} binary value, when g isnode(X(i)) When the ratio is less than or equal to 0, I (g)node(X(i))≤0)=1;gnode(X(i))>0,I(gnode(X(i))>0)=0。I(gpipe(X(i)) Not more than 0) are the same;
judging convergence termination; when the condition simulation times k is N or the condition is satisfiedk,node≤[node]Andk,pipe≤[pipe]when so, terminating the sampling; otherwise, turning to the first step;
step six: according to the failure probabilities obtained by the formulas (5) and (6) for the pipes, a pipe and a node with a failure probability of 1 are defined as high risk, a pipe and a node between 0.5 and 1 are defined as medium risk, a pipe and a node between 0 and 0.5 are defined as low risk, and a pipe and a node with a failure probability of 0 are defined as no risk.
Table 1 shows uncertainty parameters and their value ranges and distribution types;
drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow of Monte Carlo stochastic simulation to solve node and pipeline failure probabilities.
Figure 2 embodiment of the research area drainage network
FIG. 3 example Pf,nodeConvergence of value
FIG. 4 is a graph of node and pipe failure probability distribution in the embodiment;
a node failure probability distribution; b, distribution of pipeline failure probability.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
Taking a drainage pipe network (figure 2) of a certain city research area as an example, the total area of the research area is 3.1km2The design standard of the rainwater pipe network is once in 3-5 years, 764 inspection wells, 766 pipelines (with the total length of 22.36km) and 7 water outlets. The river flood control design standard reappearance period is 50-100 years, and the water outlet is set to freely flow out. The parameters shown in attached table 1 are used as uncertainty parameters of the model of the present case, and the method is applied to the identification of the risk pipelines and nodes in the region.
The simulation times N of Monte Carlo are set to 5000, and all Monte Carlo simulation calculation results in the statistical model are convergedAndcoefficient of variation of (2)k,nodeAndk,pipethe maximum values are {0.057,0.047}, respectively, which shows that the Monte Carlo simulation result has better convergence. FIG. 3 shows that 3 optional nodes are respectively paired in the rainfall recurrence period of 3,5,10 and 20 yearsAnd (3) carrying out 5000 times of simulation of value selection on the n uncertain parameters respectively, marking the change condition of the node failure probability estimated value along with the simulation times, marking the corresponding coefficient of variation value, basically flattening the curve change, and considering that the simulation result is converged.
Under the condition that the designed rainfall recurrence periods are 3 years, 5 years, 10 years and 20 years respectively, the failure probability of the pipelines and the nodes is counted, and the failure probability is shown in figure 4. The result statistics show that: the rainfall intensity (the recurrence period) increases, the number of the pipelines and the nodes with the failure probability of 1 increases, and the number of the nodes and the pipelines with the failure probability of 0 decreases. Under different reappearance period conditions, the failure probability of the pipelines with the percentage of { 79.68%, 67.17%, 35.9 and 30.88% } and the nodes with the percentage of { 92.15%, 87.04%, 63.87% and 44.24% } is 0, which means that in the uncertainty parameter value range, the parameters take any value, and the pipelines and the nodes cannot be full pipes or overflow and are corresponding risk-free pipelines and nodes in the reappearance period. Under different reappearance period conditions, the failure probability of a pipeline with { 7.94%, 16.49%, 29.77%, 55.59% } and a node with { 0.65%, 1.44%, 3.4%, 8.38% } is 1. This means that when the model parameter uncertainty is considered for simulation, no matter what value the uncertainty parameter takes in the value range, the pipelines and nodes will be full of pipes or overflow; corresponding to high risk pipes and nodes in the recurrence period. For pipelines and nodes with failure probability between 0 and 1, the possibility of node overflow and pipeline full exists, the risk degree is judged according to the failure probability, wherein the risk degree is low from 0 to 0.5 and medium from 0.5 to 1.
Claims (1)
1. A method for identifying risk pipelines and nodes by adopting a parameter uncertainty analysis model is characterized by comprising the following steps:
for a drainage network model containing n uncertainty parameters, the uncertainty parameters are considered as random variables X ═ X1, X2, …, Xn, subject to a certain probability distribution, and the random variable parameters are assumed to be independent of each other. The steps of using a model solver of SWMM and adopting Monte Carlo simulation sampling calculation are as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: selecting uncertainty parameters; and selecting n parameters which have large influence on the number of overflow nodes and full pipelines as uncertainty analysis parameters.
Step two: and (4) uncertainty parameter values and obedience distribution type determination. Referring to relevant specifications, manuals, documents and other data, determining the value range of the uncertainty model parameters and the obedience probability distribution type of the uncertainty model parameters;
step three: calculating and setting; the accuracy requirement of the Monte Carlo simulation times N or the simulation estimation value variation coefficient is automatically determined according to the requirement of the simulation accuracynode]And 2pipe]A value of (d);
step four: calculating and defining failure probability and a structure function thereof;
under the working condition of considering uncertainty parameters, the calculation principles of the node and pipeline failure probability are expressed as formulas (1) and (2);
in the formula, Pf,nodeIs the node failure probability; pf,pipeIs the pipeline failure probability; (x) is a joint probability density function of the random variable vectors; for the function gnode(X) and gpipe(X), respectively defining node overflow and pipeline full pipe as node and pipeline failure modes, and expressing as follows:
gnode(X)=W0-W(X) (3)
gpipe(X)=D0-D(X) (4)
where X is a set of random variables of uncertainty parameters that affect the state of the model (system), W0The well depth of the inspection well corresponding to the model node is W (X), and the maximum water depth of the node is calculated by the model; d0The diameter of the model pipeline is obtained, and D (X) is the maximum pipeline water level relative to the bottom of the pipe obtained by model calculation;
therefore, in the formula (1), gnode(X) is less than or equal to 0, the maximum water depth W (X) of the node exceeds the well depth W of the corresponding inspection well0The node overflows, namely the node fails; gpipe(X) 0 or less represents that the maximum water depth D (X) of the pipeline relative to the bottom of the pipeline exceeds the diameter D of the corresponding pipeline0The pipeline is full flow, namely the pipeline is failed;
solving the failure probability of the nodes and the pipelines by a Monte Carlo random sampling method;
because the maximum water depth W (X) of the node and the maximum water level D (X) of the pipeline in the formulas (3) and (4) are nonlinear functions about X, and when the number of variables in X is large, it is very difficult to directly solve the failure probability of the node and the pipeline by adopting the formula (1), the Monte Carlo method is a common approximate solution for describing and estimating function statistics, and for a highly nonlinear function, an approximate solution with higher precision can be obtained; the solving steps are as follows:
respectively carrying out random sampling of kth simulation on n uncertainty parameters, wherein each simulation randomly takes one value from a corresponding range according to the probability distribution type obeyed by each uncertainty parameter, and respectively generating n random numbers X(k)=(x1k,x2k,…,xnk) Writing the random numbers as model parameter values of the current sampling into a model inp file, calling a swmm5.dll model solving function library to perform model calculation, and reading the calculation results of node overflow and pipeline fullness in an rpt report file;
simulation estimation statistics
Calculating node and pipeline failure probability estimated values corresponding to the current result (previous k times of simulation) after the k time of simulation according to the formulas (5) and (6)Andand calculating the coefficient of variation of the simulated estimation value according to the equations (7) and (8)k,nodeAndk,pipe;
where k is the number of analog samples, X(i)Sampling value of random variable X obtained for the ith analog sampling; i (g)node(X(i)) Less than or equal to 0) is an indicative function of {0,1} binary value, when g isnode(X(i)) When the ratio is less than or equal to 0, I (g)node(X(i))≤0)=1;gnode(X(i))>0,I(gnode(X(i))>0)=0。I(gpipe(X(i)) Not more than 0) are the same;
judging convergence termination; when the condition simulation times k is N or the condition is satisfiedk,node≤[node]Andk,pipe≤[pipe]when so, terminating the sampling; otherwise, turning to the first step;
step six: according to the failure probabilities obtained by the formulas (5) and (6) for the pipes, a pipe and a node with a failure probability of 1 are defined as high risk, a pipe and a node between 0.5 and 1 are defined as medium risk, a pipe and a node between 0 and 0.5 are defined as low risk, and a pipe and a node with a failure probability of 0 are defined as no risk.
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CN113836710A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-24 | 西安理工大学 | Method for quickly tracking external water invasion of drainage pipe network |
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