CN112083511B - Method and device for determining geometric resolution of detection load - Google Patents
Method and device for determining geometric resolution of detection load Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a method and a device for determining geometric resolution of a detection load, wherein the method comprises the following steps: determining prior information such as target radiation intensity, tail flame flow field area, target and load detection distance, background radiation brightness and the like; based on the target radiation intensity and the tail flame flow field area, classifying and calculating target energy and background energy acquired by a pixel where a target is located; calculating the ratio of the total energy of the target background to the background energy of the surrounding pixels, namely the radiation contrast ratio, based on the calculated target energy and the background energy; iteratively calculating the instantaneous angular resolution of the optimal pixel by taking the maximum radiation contrast value as an optimization target; and selecting a corresponding value in the pixel instantaneous angle resolution interval according to actual engineering requirements, and taking the value as the design input of the satellite-borne optical detection load. The method simplifies the calculation process, is more convenient to calculate, and greatly improves the optical detection load parameter determination and load design efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the application relates to optical detection and optical load technology, in particular to a detection load geometric resolution determination method and device.
Background
At present, the research of a domestic practical optical detection system is just started, and the selection and design of detection load parameters do not have a theoretical model of the system for supporting. The upper and lower limits of the geometric resolution parameters of the traditional optical imaging system are generally determined by the caliber of the optical system and the size of the observed object respectively; there is less research on the method for determining the geometrical resolution of the optical detection load based on theoretical model optimization.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a method and apparatus for determining geometric resolution of a probe load.
According to a first aspect of the present application, there is provided a method of determining geometric resolution of a probe load, comprising:
determining prior information such as target radiation intensity, tail flame flow field area, target and load detection distance, background radiation brightness and the like;
based on the target radiation intensity and the tail flame flow field area, classifying and calculating target energy and background energy acquired by a pixel where a target is located;
calculating the ratio of the total energy of the target background to the background energy of the surrounding pixels, namely the radiation contrast ratio, based on the calculated target energy and the background energy;
iteratively calculating the instantaneous angular resolution of the optimal pixel by taking the maximum radiation contrast value as an optimization target;
and selecting a corresponding value in the pixel instantaneous angle resolution interval according to actual engineering requirements, and taking the value as the design input of the satellite-borne optical detection load.
In some embodiments, the classifying calculates the target energy and the background energy acquired by the pixel where the target is located, including:
if the area A of the tail flame flow field is the target T Is larger than the projection area (Ifov. R) of a single pixel on the ground 2 I.e. A T ＞＞(Ifov·R) 2 Target energy E acquired based on the picture element T The method comprises the following steps:
where Ifov is the instantaneous angular resolution of a single pixel, R is the detection distance between the load and the target, I T Is the target total radiation intensity; average radiation intensity L of target tail flame T ＝I T /A T ；
The background energy acquired based on the pixel is 0, and the background energy E acquired based on the surrounding pixels B The method comprises the following steps:
E B ＝L B ·(Ifov·R) 2
wherein L is B Is background radiance.
In some embodiments, the classifying calculates the target energy and the background energy acquired by the pixel where the target is located, including:
target tail flame flow field area A T Less than a singleProjection area of pixel on ground (Ifov. R) 2 I.e. A T ＜＜(Ifov·R) 2 The target energy acquired based on the pixel is:
E T ＝L T ·A T ＝I T
the background energy obtained based on the pixel is:
E BT ＝L B ·((Ifov·R) 2 -A T )。
in some embodiments, the calculating a ratio of the total energy of the target background to the background energy of the surrounding pixels, i.e., the radiation contrast, includes:
based on the ratio of the total energy acquired by the pixel where the target is located to the surrounding background energy, a simplified radiation contrast model C is constructed T/B The following are provided:
in some embodiments, the iteratively calculating an optimal pixel instantaneous angular resolution includes:
in C T/B Maximizing the optimization objective, determining the optimal load geometric resolution or instantaneous angular resolution Ifov as follows:
A T greater than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Is a fixed value and is irrelevant to the instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel;
A T less than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Decreasing with increasing instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel, the optimum Ifov is
According to a second aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a probe load geometric resolution determination apparatus, comprising:
the determining unit is used for determining prior information such as target radiation intensity, tail flame flow field area, target and load detection distance, background radiation brightness and the like;
the first calculation unit is used for classifying and calculating target energy and background energy acquired by a pixel where a target is located based on the target radiation intensity and the tail flame flow field area;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the ratio of the total energy of the target background to the background energy of the surrounding pixels, namely the radiation contrast ratio, based on the calculated target energy and the background energy;
the third calculation unit is used for iteratively calculating the instantaneous angular resolution of the optimal pixel by taking the maximum radiation contrast value as an optimization target;
the selection unit is used for selecting corresponding values in the pixel instantaneous angle resolution interval according to actual engineering requirements and taking the values as the design input of the satellite-borne optical detection load.
In some embodiments, the first computing unit is further configured to:
if the area A of the tail flame flow field is the target T Is larger than the projection area (Ifov. R) of a single pixel on the ground 2 I.e. A T ＞＞(Ifov·R) 2 Target energy E acquired based on the picture element T The method comprises the following steps:
where Ifov is the instantaneous angular resolution of a single pixel, R is the detection distance between the load and the target, I T Is the target total radiation intensity; average radiation intensity L of target tail flame T ＝I T /A T ；
The background energy acquired based on the pixel is 0, and the background energy E acquired based on the surrounding pixels B The method comprises the following steps:
E B ＝L B ·(Ifov·R) 2
wherein L is B Is background radiance.
In some embodiments, the first computing unit is further configured to:
target tail flame flow field area A T Less than the projection area of a single pixel on the ground (Ifov. R) 2 I.e. A T ＜＜(Ifov·R) 2 Then based on the pixelThe target energy is taken as follows:
E T ＝L T ·A T ＝I T
the background energy obtained based on the pixel is:
E BT ＝L B ·((Ifov·R) 2 -A T )。
in some embodiments, the second computing unit is further configured to:
based on the ratio of the total energy acquired by the pixel where the target is located to the surrounding background energy, a simplified radiation contrast model C is constructed T/B The following are provided:
in some embodiments, the third computing unit is further configured to:
in C T/B Maximizing the optimization objective, determining the optimal load geometric resolution or instantaneous angular resolution Ifov as follows:
A T greater than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Is a fixed value and is irrelevant to the instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel;
A T less than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Decreasing with increasing instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel, the optimum Ifov is
According to the embodiment of the application, the analysis solving method of the optimal geometric resolution of the optical detection load is provided by establishing a simplified radiation contrast model of the optical detection system and according to prior information such as target radiation intensity, background radiation brightness and the like, and the optical detection load parameter determination and load design are supported. Compared with a complete radiation contrast model, the simplified radiation contrast model can be determined by only five parameters, the calculation process is simplified, the calculation is more convenient, and the optical detection load parameter determination and load design efficiency is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a method for determining geometric resolution of a probe load according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the ground projection resolution of a payload versus the contrast of the background radiation of a target provided by an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection load geometric resolution determining device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for determining geometric resolution of a detection load according to an embodiment of the present application, as shown in fig. 1, where the method for determining geometric resolution of a detection load according to an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:
and step 101, determining prior information such as target radiation intensity, tail flame flow field area, target and load detection distance, background radiation brightness and the like.
Step 102, based on prior information such as target radiation intensity, tail flame flow field area and the like, classifying and calculating pixels where the target is located to obtain target energy and background energy.
In the embodiment of the application, the input data includes: background radiation brightness L B Total radiation intensity of target I T Target tail flame flow field area A T . These input data are known by calculation and can also be obtained by correlation measurements.
Average radiation intensity L of target tail flame T ：L T ＝I T /A T 。
The target and background energy values respectively acquired based on the single pixels are as follows:
if the area A of the tail flame flow field is the target T Is larger than the projection area (Ifov. R) of a single pixel on the ground 2 I.e. A T ＞＞(Ifov·R) 2 The target energy acquired by the pixel is:
where Ifov is the instantaneous angular resolution of a single pixel, and R is the detection distance between the load and the target; the background energy acquired by the pixel is 0, and the background energy acquired based on the surrounding pixels is:
E B ＝L B ·(Ifov·R) 2
if the area A of the tail flame flow field is the target T Less than the projection area of a single pixel on the ground (Ifov. R) 2 I.e. A T ＜＜(Ifov·R) 2 The target energy acquired by the pixel is:
E T ＝L T ·A T ＝I T
the background energy obtained based on the pixels of the target object is as follows:
E BT ＝L B ·((Ifov·R) 2 -A T )。
step 103, calculating the ratio of the total energy of the target background to the background energy of the surrounding pixels, namely the radiation contrast, of the pixels where the target is located based on the calculated target energy and the background energy.
A simplified radiation contrast model is constructed. Constructing the model C by using the ratio of the total energy acquired by the pixel where the target is located to the surrounding background energy T/B The method comprises the following steps:
if the area A of the tail flame flow field is the target T Is larger than the projection area (Ifov. R) of a single pixel on the ground 2 Then:
if the area A of the tail flame flow field is the target T Less than the projection area of a single pixel on the ground (Ifov. R) 2 Then:
and 104, iteratively calculating the instantaneous angular resolution or the geometric resolution of the optimal pixel by taking the maximum radiation contrast value as an optimization target.
And 105, taking a value in an instantaneous angle resolution interval of the pixel according to the actual engineering requirement, and taking the value as the design input of the satellite-borne optical detection load.
Optical detection systems to achieve reliable detection of objects, it is often desirable that the object be able to stand out from the background so that the information processing system can employ simple algorithms to detect the object quickly and reliably. For the two cases, the embodiment of the application uses C T/B Maximization is an optimization objective, and the optimal load geometric resolution or instantaneous angular resolution Ifov is determined.
(1) For the target tail flame flow field area A T Is larger than the projection area (Ifov. R) of a single pixel on the ground 2 In the case when A T ＞＞(Ifov·R) 2 At time C T/B Is a fixed value independent of the instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the picture element.
(2) For the target tail flame flow field area A T Less than the projection area of a single pixel on the ground (Ifov. R) 2 In the case when A T ＜＜(Ifov·R) 2 At time C T/B Decreasing with increasing instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel, so the optimum Ifov is
In the embodiment of the application, the model is an ideal condition, and in an actual system, because the occurrence position of the target is random and is influenced by the curvature of the earth, the space-borne detection load and the distance R between the targets dynamically change in one interval, the optimal Ifov also dynamically changes in one interval, comprehensive consideration must be carried out, and the optimal instantaneous pixel angular resolution or geometric resolution parameters of the load are designed.
By utilizing the simplified radiation contrast model determining method provided by the embodiment of the application, the optimal load ground resolution is analyzed. When the target sizes are 0.6km, 0.8km, 1.0km and 1.2km respectively, the relationship curve of the contrast and the load ground resolution is obtained as shown in fig. 2, and the adjacent two objects are represented as a single target on the image beyond the resolution limit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection load geometric resolution determining device provided in an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 3, the detection load geometric resolution determining device in an embodiment of the present application includes:
the determining unit 30 is configured to determine prior information such as a target radiation intensity, a tail flame flow field area, a target-load detection distance, and background radiation brightness;
the first calculating unit 31 is configured to calculate, based on the target radiation intensity and the area of the tail flame flow field, a target energy and a background energy acquired by a pixel where a target is located in a classification manner;
a second calculating unit 32, configured to calculate a ratio of total energy of the target background to background energy of the surrounding pixels, that is, a radiation contrast, based on the calculated target energy and background energy;
a third calculation unit 33, configured to iteratively calculate an optimal pixel instantaneous angular resolution with a radiation contrast value being the maximum target for optimization;
the selection unit 34 is configured to select a corresponding value in the pixel instantaneous angular resolution interval according to actual engineering requirements, and use the corresponding value as a design input of the satellite-borne optical detection load.
In the embodiment of the present application, the first computing unit 31 is further configured to:
if the area A of the tail flame flow field is the target T Is larger than the projection area (Ifov. R) of a single pixel on the ground 2 I.e. A T ＞＞(Ifov·R) 2 Target energy E acquired based on the picture element T The method comprises the following steps:
where Ifov is the instantaneous angular resolution of a single pixel, R is the detection distance between the load and the target, I T Is the target total radiation intensity; average radiation intensity L of target tail flame T ＝I T /A T ；
The background energy acquired based on the pixel is 0, and the background energy E acquired based on the surrounding pixels B The method comprises the following steps:
E B ＝L B ·(Ifov·R) 2
wherein L is B Is background radiance.
In the embodiment of the present application, the first computing unit 31 is further configured to:
target tail flame flow field area A T Less than the projection area of a single pixel on the ground (Ifov. R) 2 I.e. A T ＜＜(Ifov·R) 2 The target energy acquired based on the pixel is:
E T ＝L T ·A T ＝I T
the background energy obtained based on the pixel is:
E BT ＝L B ·((Ifov·R) 2 -A T )。
in the embodiment of the present application, the second calculating unit 32 is further configured to:
based on the ratio of the total energy acquired by the pixel where the target is located to the surrounding background energy, a simplified radiation contrast model C is constructed T/B The following are provided:
in the embodiment of the present application, the third calculating unit 33 is further configured to:
in C T/B Maximizing the optimization objective, determining the optimal load geometric resolution or instantaneous angular resolution Ifov as follows:
A T greater than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Is a fixed value and is irrelevant to the instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel;
A T less than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Decreasing with increasing instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel, the optimum Ifov is
In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the specific manner in which the modules and units of the detection load geometric resolution determination apparatus shown in fig. 3 perform operations has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be described in detail herein.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present invention, the sequence numbers of the foregoing processes do not mean the order of execution, and the order of execution of the processes should be determined by the functions and internal logic thereof, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present invention. The foregoing embodiment numbers of the present invention are merely for the purpose of description, and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above described device embodiments are only illustrative, e.g. the division of the units is only one logical function division, and there may be other divisions in practice, such as: multiple units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not performed. In addition, the various components shown or discussed may be coupled or directly coupled or communicatively coupled to each other via some interface, whether indirectly coupled or communicatively coupled to devices or units, whether electrically, mechanically, or otherwise.
The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units; can be located in one place or distributed to a plurality of network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated in one unit; the integrated units may be implemented in hardware or in hardware plus software functional units.
The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of determining geometric resolution of a probe load, the method comprising:
determining the radiation intensity of a target and the area of a tail flame flow field, the detection distance between the target and a load, and priori information of background radiation brightness;
based on the target radiation intensity and the tail flame flow field area, classifying and calculating target energy and background energy acquired by a pixel where a target is located;
calculating the ratio of the total energy of the target background to the background energy of the surrounding pixels, namely the radiation contrast ratio, based on the calculated target energy and the background energy;
iteratively calculating the instantaneous angular resolution of the optimal pixel by taking the maximum radiation contrast value as an optimization target;
and selecting a corresponding value in the pixel instantaneous angle resolution interval according to actual engineering requirements, and taking the value as the design input of the satellite-borne optical detection load.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the classifying calculates a target energy and a background energy acquired by a pixel where the target is located, comprising:
if the area A of the tail flame flow field is the target T Is larger than the projection area (Ifov. R) of a single pixel on the ground 2 I.e. A T ＞＞(Ifov·R) 2 Target energy E acquired based on the picture element T The method comprises the following steps:
where Ifov is the instantaneous angular resolution of a single pixel, R is the detection distance between the load and the target, I T Is the target total radiation intensity; average radiation intensity L of target tail flame T ＝I T /A T ；
The background energy acquired based on the pixel is 0, and the background energy E acquired based on the surrounding pixels B The method comprises the following steps:
E B ＝L B ·(Ifov·R) 2
wherein L is B Is background radiance.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the classifying calculates a target energy and a background energy acquired by a pixel where the target is located, comprising:
target tail flame flow field area A T Less than the projection area of a single pixel on the ground (Ifov. R) 2 I.e. A T ＜＜(Ifov·R) 2 The target energy acquired based on the pixel is:
E T ＝L T ·A T ＝I T
the background energy obtained based on the pixel is:
E BT ＝L B ·((Ifov·R) 2 -A T )
where Ifov is the instantaneous angular resolution of a single pixel, R is the detection distance between the load and the target, I T Is the target total radiation intensity; average radiation intensity L of target tail flame T ＝I T /A T ；L B Is background radiance.
4. A method according to claim 2 or 3, wherein said calculating the ratio of the total energy of the target background to the background energy of the surrounding picture elements, i.e. the radiation contrast, comprises:
based on the ratio of the total energy acquired by the pixel where the target is located to the surrounding background energy, a simplified radiation contrast model C is constructed T/B The following are provided:
wherein the background energy obtained based on the pixel is E BT The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The background energy obtained based on the surrounding pixels is E B 。
5. The method of claim 4, wherein iteratively calculating an optimal pixel instantaneous angular resolution comprises:
in C T/B Maximizing the optimization objective, determining the optimal load geometric resolution or instantaneous angular resolution Ifov as follows:
A T greater than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Is a fixed value and is irrelevant to the instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel;
A T less than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Decreasing with increasing instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel, optimum Ifov is
6. A probe load geometric resolution determination apparatus, the apparatus comprising:
the determining unit is used for determining the radiation intensity of the target, the area of the tail flame flow field, the detection distance between the target and the load and the priori information of the background radiation brightness;
the first calculation unit is used for classifying and calculating target energy and background energy acquired by a pixel where a target is located based on the target radiation intensity and the tail flame flow field area;
the second calculation unit is used for calculating the ratio of the total energy of the target background to the background energy of the surrounding pixels, namely the radiation contrast ratio, based on the calculated target energy and the background energy;
the third calculation unit is used for iteratively calculating the instantaneous angular resolution of the optimal pixel by taking the maximum radiation contrast value as an optimization target;
the selection unit is used for selecting corresponding values in the pixel instantaneous angle resolution interval according to actual engineering requirements and taking the values as the design input of the satellite-borne optical detection load.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first computing unit is further to:
if the area A of the tail flame flow field is the target T Is larger than the projection area (Ifov. R) of a single pixel on the ground 2 I.e. A T ＞＞(Ifov·R) 2 Target energy E acquired based on the picture element T The method comprises the following steps:
where Ifov is the instantaneous angular resolution of a single pixel, R is the detection distance between the load and the target, I T Is the target total radiation intensity; average radiation intensity L of target tail flame T ＝I T /A T ；
The background energy acquired based on the pixel is 0, and the background energy E acquired based on the surrounding pixels B The method comprises the following steps:
E B ＝L B ·(Ifov·R) 2
wherein L is B Is background radiance.
8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the first computing unit is further to:
target tail flame flow field area A T Less than the projection area of a single pixel on the ground (Ifov. R) 2 I.e. A T ＜＜(Ifov·R) 2 The target energy acquired based on the pixel is:
E T ＝L T ·A T ＝I T
the background energy obtained based on the pixel is:
E BT ＝L B ·((Ifov·R) 2 -A T )
where Ifov is the instantaneous angular resolution of a single pixel, R is the detection distance between the load and the target, I T Is the target total radiation intensity; average radiation intensity L of target tail flame T ＝I T /A T ；L B Is background radiance.
9. The apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the second computing unit is further configured to:
based on the ratio of the total energy acquired by the pixel where the target is located to the surrounding background energy, a simplified radiation contrast model C is constructed T/B The following are provided:
wherein the background energy obtained based on the pixel is E BT The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The background energy obtained based on the surrounding pixels is E B 。
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the third computing unit is further configured to:
in C T/B Maximizing the optimization objective, determining the optimal load geometric resolution or instantaneous angular resolution Ifov as follows:
A T greater than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Is a fixed value and is irrelevant to the instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel;
A T less than (Ifov. R) 2 At time C T/B Decreasing with increasing instantaneous angular resolution Ifov of the pixel, the optimum Ifov is
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