CN112082728A - A test device for the disturbance of mine ventilation state by dust explosion - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a test device for disturbing a mine ventilation state by dust explosion, which comprises a dust explosion simulation system, a dust explosion simulation system and a dust explosion simulation system, wherein the dust explosion simulation system is used for simulating the generation of dust explosion in a mine and providing airflow generated by the dust explosion for an experiment; the rotatable roadway simulation system is connected with the dust explosion simulation system and is used for simulating a corresponding roadway influenced by dust explosion in a mine; and the parameter detection system is arranged on the rotatable tunnel simulation system and used for collecting pressure, temperature and gas flow data of the rotatable tunnel simulation system during dust explosion and measuring and calculating the influence of the dust explosion on the evolution process of the ventilation system in the well. The test device for the disturbance of the dust explosion on the mine ventilation state can obtain more comprehensive test conditions and more accurate test data, is simple and convenient to operate and lower in cost, the pressure which can be borne by the device is greatly improved due to the exclusive spherical design, the shape application range of the sensor and the simulation roadway is wider, and the obtained data is more accurate and comprehensive.

Description

A test device for the disturbance of mine ventilation state by dust explosion

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine experimental devices, and in particular relates to an experimental device for the disturbance of mine ventilation state by dust explosion.

Background technique

Mine ventilation is the lifeline of coal mine safety production, and mine ventilation design is an important part of the entire mine design content and an important part of ensuring safe production. The functions of ventilation are as follows: the first is to supply enough fresh air to the underground personnel to meet the breathing needs of the personnel; the second is to dilute and remove the toxic gas and dust underground to ensure that the staff are not poisoned and maintain the cleanliness of the air to prevent gas and coal dust explosion accident; the third is to dilute and remove the heat and water vapor in the well, create suitable climatic conditions, and improve the working environment of employees. It can be seen that among the measures to ensure personal safety and mine safety production, mine ventilation is of great significance. Therefore, mine ventilation safety is particularly important. Dust explosion is one of the common disasters in mines. In addition to the direct damage caused by the energy released by the dust explosion, the shock wave generated by the dust explosion will affect the stable ventilation state of the roadway, resulting in local air flow disorder in the ventilation system, which is very likely to cause secondary accidents. , a serious threat to mine safety. To study the effect of dust explosion on mine ventilation, it is necessary to use a special test environment to simulate the effect of dust explosion on mine ventilation network, and to study the propagation law of dust explosion shock wave in the roadway and the change of air flow in the connecting roadway during stable ventilation. , to provide a favorable reference for mine dust explosion prevention and explosion suppression.

At present, the research on mine ventilation is more and more towards the "three modernizations", the so-called "three modernizations", namely ventilation design automation, ventilation management modernization and ventilation simulation and digitization. For nearly a century, scholars from all over the world have achieved fruitful results in the research of ventilation network, developed many analysis methods, and developed a large number of network research software. The development of digitization and accuracy urgently needs extremely accurate data. When the first-hand data is inaccurate or incomplete, even the perfect analysis method and research software cannot perfectly reflect the impact of dust explosion on the ventilation network.

In the prior art, the patent with the publication number of CN 106971650 A discloses a dust explosion demonstration device, which includes a base, a bottle, a bottle stopper, and a power supply, and the bottle stopper has an outlet pipe, an air intake pipe, an igniter, and a dust container. The air outlet pipe is connected with the fan and the dust container, and the igniter is above the dust container; the bottle stopper and the fan are fixed on the base, and the fan and the igniter are electrically connected with the control module, and the control module is also connected with a Timing modules, buttons, and power supplies supply power to the entire system. A filter screen is also fixed at the connection part of the intake pipe and the dust container. The invention is scientific in design, can directly demonstrate the dust explosion process, is convenient to use, is safe and reliable, and is a good exploration-type experimental instrument. Disadvantages of this technical solution: the device uses glass bottles, and the experimental phenomenon is easy to observe, but there is no cooling device, and the safety is poor, so that the test range of dust explosion during the experiment is small; no temperature, pressure, and gas flow sensors are installed. Experiments can only be observed through macroscopic observations, and cannot be explained by data.

The patent with the publication number of CN 111223380 A discloses a dust explosion demonstration device and a method thereof. The demonstration device is composed of a transparent box, an explosion propagation pipe, and an electrostatic spark generating unit; wherein, the explosion propagation pipe is a transparent material pipe, and the The explosion propagation pipeline further includes a main pipeline and a first branch pipeline and a second branch pipeline extending from the main pipeline to both sides, the explosion propagation pipeline is arranged inside the transparent box, and the transparent box is arranged inside The partition plate fixes the explosion propagation pipe, the electrostatic spark generating unit is arranged on the main pipe, the inlet of the main pipe is connected to a transparent box body, and an air inlet is provided on the transparent box body, and the transparent box body is provided with an air inlet. An explosion vent is set above, and an explosion vent is arranged on the explosion vent. The device provided by the invention can intuitively and clearly simulate and observe the dust explosion in the ventilation duct, and the device has a simple and safe structure. Disadvantages of this technical solution: the explosion vent of the device is located above, which cannot simulate the flow of air flow in the roadway well, and the design of the pipeline leads to its experimental pressure limit far from meeting the requirements of the roadway pressure during explosion, and the device only It can be used for demonstration research of dust explosion, but cannot be used to study the disturbance of dust explosion to roadway ventilation system.

The patent with the announcement number of CN 104778893 B discloses a dust explosion experiment device, which relates to the technical field of experimental teaching aid manufacturing, including a tank body provided with a cover at the mouth of the tank and a dust container arranged in the tank body and communicated with an air pump , a partition is arranged at the bottom of the tank near the cylinder wall, the partition and the inner wall of the tank are enclosed to form the dust container, and the tank is placed on one side of the dust container with a combustion chamber. utensils. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can solve the problem of low success rate of the prior dust explosion experiment. Disadvantages of this technical solution: The device uses a pump to spread the dust in the container, which cannot spread the dust evenly. The method of combustion and ignition has certain dangers, and the safety of the experimental device is too low.

The patent with the publication number CN 204706266 U discloses a dust explosion demonstration experimental device, including a tempered glass cylinder, a powder container, an air blower, a spring syringe, a wire, a discharge electrode rubber band, a plastic film, and a high-voltage coil, which is characterized by: The powder container is fixed at the center of the inner bottom of the tempered glass cylinder, the air outlet of the spring syringe is connected to the blowing pipe passing through the wall of the tempered glass cylinder, the two discharge electrodes are symmetrically fixed in the middle of the tempered glass cylinder, and the plastic film uses a rubber band to seal the tempered glass cylinder. The upper mouth is sealed, the high-voltage coil end is connected to a discharge electrode, and the other end is connected to another discharge electrode through two disconnected metal sheets arranged on the top of the spring syringe. The top of the syringe piston is fixed with a metal sheet. When the piston withstands the spring When the syringe is at the front end, the metal sheet can be in contact with the two disconnected metal sheets at the top of the spring syringe at the same time. The blowing pipe mouth is facing down to the center of the powder container and the distance from the bottom of the powder container is 30-40mm. Disadvantages of this technical solution: the tempered glass shell used is conducive to the observation of experimental phenomena, but at the same time, it also determines that the experimental pressure range must be small, and the film sealing cover is used for sealing, which cannot be absolutely tight, and the error of the experimental results is also will be larger, and there are limitations to using a spring injector to power the uniform dispersion of dust.

Existing experimental devices generally have great limitations. Generally speaking, the shortcomings are as follows:

1. It cannot meet the explosion pressure requirements required by the experiment, and the existing experimental equipment has a small pressure range;

2. The experimental sealing conditions are not perfect, which will cause large errors due to changes in the external environment, and the experimental phenomenon is not easy to observe;

3. It is not possible to carry out experimental research on the influence of dust explosion on the roadway network;

4. It is impossible to simulate the roadway network under different inclination angles;

5. The safety performance of the experimental device needs to be improved. Without the forced shutdown of the system, the safety of the experiment cannot be guaranteed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Based on the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a test device for the disturbance of the ventilation state of the mine by dust explosion, which is easy to operate and has a relatively low cost. Disturbing the normal wind flow direction causes the relevant laws of underground disasters and accidents, and the obtained data is more accurate and comprehensive.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: the present invention provides a test device for the disturbance of the ventilation state of the mine by a dust explosion, including a dust explosion simulation system, which is used to simulate the generation of dust explosion in the mine, and provides a test device for the experiment. The airflow generated by the dust explosion; the rotatable roadway simulation system, connected with the dust explosion simulation system, is used to simulate the corresponding roadway affected by the dust explosion in the mine; the parameter detection system is installed on the rotatable roadway simulation system, It is used to collect the pressure, temperature and gas flow data of the rotatable tunnel simulation system during dust explosion, and to calculate the influence of dust explosion on the evolution process of the ventilation system in the well.

Optionally, the dust explosion simulation system includes a spherical pressure vessel, a gas storage tank located at the bottom of the spherical pressure vessel, an ignition coil located inside the spherical pressure vessel, and an air outlet facing the gas storage tank. In the dust container tray containing dust; after the ignition coil is heated, open the exhaust solenoid valve on the gas storage tank, and spray the dust on the dust container tray into the spherical pressure container, and the dust encounters the heated ignition coil. explode.

Further, the spherical pressure vessel has a double-layer structure, and circulating water is passed between the two layers for cooling.

Optionally, a protective casing is provided on the outside of the spherical pressure vessel, and an end of the protective casing facing the explosion vent of the spherical pressure vessel has a ventilation hole communicating with the rotatable tunnel simulation system.

Optionally, a power control switch, a delayed ignition display and a pressure signal output switch are arranged in the protective casing below the spherical pressure vessel.

Further, the rotatable roadway simulation system includes a flared nozzle connected to the dust explosion simulation system, a straight pipe with an arched cross-section communicating with the flared nozzle, and a four-piece pipe connected with the straight pipe. A through cross joint, a plurality of straight pipes with an arched cross section connected to the four-way cross joint, the plurality of straight pipes are connected to each other through the four-way cross joint, and the plurality of straight pipes are connected into a whole to form a roadway Ventilation network; one end of one of the four-way cross joints is connected with a mining fan for ventilating the roadway ventilation network; one end of the roadway ventilation network away from the dust explosion simulation system is connected with a rotation for driving the rotation of the roadway ventilation network drive.

Optionally, an outer ring and an inner ring coaxial with the outer ring are provided at the through holes of the four-way cross joint, and balls are installed between the outer ring and the inner ring; reserved on the inner ring There is an arched tunnel opening for connecting the straight pipe, and the tunnel opening reserved by the four-way cross joint can be closed with a blind plate when not in use.

Further, the rotation driving device includes a support frame, a motor fixed on the support frame, a reducer connected to the motor, and a transmission beam connected to the transmission shaft of the reducer, and the transmission beam is connected to the The tunnel ventilation network connection.

Optionally, the parameter detection system includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a gas flow sensor installed at different positions in the straight pipe used to simulate the roadway.

Further, the air storage tank is connected to an air compressor located outside the spherical pressure container, and the air compressor fills the air storage tank with high-pressure air.

From the above, the present invention is mainly to comprehensively and accurately measure the impact of dust explosion in the mine on the disaster evolution process of the ventilation system in the well, in order to simulate the situation when a dust explosion occurs in the well, to study the sudden change of air pressure generated by the coal dust explosion and then the destruction. And disturb the normal direction of wind flow, resulting in the relevant laws of underground disaster accidents. The test device for the disturbance of the ventilation state of the mine by the dust explosion of the present invention can obtain more comprehensive experimental conditions and more accurate test data. It is not only easy to operate and low in cost, but also the exclusive spherical design greatly increases the pressure that the device can withstand. And the shape of the simulated roadway has a wider application range, and the obtained data is more accurate and comprehensive.

The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, in order to be able to understand the technical means of the present invention more clearly, it can be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand , the following detailed description is given in conjunction with the preferred embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to describe the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below.

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the test device that the dust explosion of the present invention disturbs the ventilation state of the mine;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the test device of the dust explosion of the present invention disturbing the ventilation state of the mine;

Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the dust explosion simulation system of the test device for the disturbance of the mine ventilation state by the dust explosion of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of the rotatable tunnel simulation system of the experimental device for the disturbance of the ventilation state of the mine by the dust explosion of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the parameter detection system of the experimental device for the disturbance of the ventilation state of the mine by the dust explosion of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As a part of the present specification, the principles of the present invention will be illustrated by examples. Other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description. In the figures to which reference is made, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts in different figures.

As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the test device for the disturbance of the ventilation state of the mine by the dust explosion of the present invention is mainly composed of three major systems, which are respectively a dust explosion simulation system, a rotatable roadway simulation system and a parameter detection system. The simulation system is used to simulate the generation of dust explosion in the mine, mainly including: spherical pressure vessel 13, igniter, base, console and other parts. The rotatable roadway simulation system mainly includes: arched straight pipe 32, visualization window, four-way cross joint 33, flange plate, fan and so on. The parameter detection system mainly includes a pressure sensor, a gas flow sensor, a temperature sensor, a signal transmitter, and a signal processor.

Among them, the spherical pressure vessel 13 of the present invention is a double-layer protection structure, including an outer jacket layer 18 and an inner jacket layer 19, and a circulating water inlet 16 and a circulating water outlet 17 are formed on the outer jacket layer 18, so that the inner layer of the jacket is formed with a circulating water inlet 16 and a circulating water outlet 17. Circulating water can be added for cooling. The spherical pressure vessel 13 is also provided with an observation port 22 . The bottom of the spherical pressure vessel 13 has an air storage tank 1, an ignition coil 8 is arranged inside the spherical pressure vessel 13, and a dust container tray 15 for containing dust is also provided at the bottom of the spherical pressure container 13. The air outlet of 1 faces the dust container tray 15 . A protective casing 11 is provided outside the spherical pressure vessel 13 , and one end of the protective casing 11 facing the explosion vent 9 of the spherical pressure vessel 13 has a vent hole 10 that communicates with the rotatable tunnel simulation system. The bottom of the spherical pressure vessel is the base 2, and a power control switch 3, a pressure signal output switch 4, a delayed ignition display 5, a powder sprayer 6, and an emergency stop button 7 are installed on the protective casing 11 near the bottom. A pressure sensor 12 and a pressure gauge 14 are also installed on the spherical pressure vessel 13 , and a dispersion valve 20 is installed on the dust holding tray 15 . The air storage tank 1 is connected to an air compressor 21 located outside the spherical pressure vessel 13 , and the air compressor 21 fills the air storage tank 1 with high-pressure air.

In the present invention, the spherical pressure vessel 13 is designed into two layers, and the method of water cooling is adopted between the layers, which reduces the risk of the experiment. In addition, an observation port 22 is provided directly in front of the spherical pressure vessel 13, so that the phenomenon of dust explosion can be directly observed. The explosion vent 9 of the spherical pressure vessel 13 is connected to the simulated roadway network through a flared nozzle, and data collection is performed by using pressure, temperature and gas flow sensors installed at different positions in the roadway. The roadway network can be rotated to simulate roadway conditions with different inclination angles. This experimental device can restore the on-site situation of mine dust explosion affecting the mine steady-state ventilation, and has the advantages of variable forms, various collected signal data, user-friendly operation, and safety and reliability. effective and reliable experimental conditions.

The rotatable roadway simulation system of the present invention is used to simulate the corresponding roadway in the mine where dust explosion occurs or is affected by dust explosion, and is specifically composed of a flared nozzle 31 connected to the ventilation hole 10 of the dust explosion simulation system, and the flared nozzle 31 an arched straight pipe 32 connected to the arched straight pipe 32, a four-way cross joint 33 connected to the arched straight pipe 32, a plurality of arched straight pipes 32 connected to the four-way cross joint 33, a plurality of arched straight pipes 32 They are connected to each other through four-way cross joints 33, and a plurality of arched straight pipes 32 are connected to form a whole to form a tunnel ventilation network. The cross section of the arched straight pipe 32 is arched to simulate an arched roadway. And a viewing window 38 is connected to the arched straight pipe 32 through a fixing bolt 39 .

Wherein, an outer ring 33-1 and an inner ring coaxial with the outer ring 33-1 are provided at the through holes of the four-way cross joint 33, and a ball 33-2 is installed between the outer ring 33-1 and the inner ring, The inner ring is reserved with an arched tunnel opening 33-3 for connecting the arched straight pipe 32. When the tunnel entrance reserved by the four-way cross joint is not in use, it can be closed with a blind plate. The four-way cross joint 33 is also provided with screw holes 33 - 5 reserved for flange connection, which are used for connecting the arched straight pipe 32 . The arched straight pipe 32 and the four-way cross joint are rotatably connected by the above-mentioned bearing structure.

One end of one of the four-way cross joints 33 is connected with a mining fan 41 for ventilating the tunnel ventilation network. One end of the roadway ventilation network away from the dust explosion simulation system is connected with a rotary drive device for driving the rotation of the roadway ventilation network.

Specifically, the rotation driving device 36 is composed of a support frame 45, a motor 43, a coupling, a moving minute reading plate 40, a fixing bolt 44, a bearing seat, a transmission shaft, a sprocket coupling, a reducer 42, etc., and the motor 43 is fixed On the support frame 45, the reducer 42 is connected with the motor 43, and the transmission shaft of the reducer 42 is connected with a transmission beam 37, which is connected to the above-mentioned tunnel ventilation network through the transmission beam 37.

The material used in the rotatable roadway simulation system of the present invention is steel plate, the shape of the roadway adopts a semi-circular arch type conforming to the current mine roadway, and each section is connected by a four-way cross joint 33. In order to ensure that the entire roadway network has a certain inclination angle, The tunnel section is kept positive (consistent with the actual situation of the mine, that is, the arch tunnel opening 33-3 is always vertically upward, not inclined), and each connecting surface of the four-way cross joint 33 and the arched straight pipe 32 is set as a bearing structure. The connection between the four-way cross joint 33 and the dust explosion device, the mining fan 41 and the tunnel ventilation network is connected by a special flared pipe, and the tunnel is designed to be rotatable, so that the conditions of tunnels with different inclination angles can be simulated. A visual window 38 is provided on a section of the arched straight pipe 32 for simulating the roadway, which is used to observe the internal conditions of the roadway.

The parameter detection system of the present invention is mainly composed of three parts, namely a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a gas flow sensor. The sensors are arranged according to the positions in Fig. 5 in the section of the simulated roadway where parameter monitoring is to be performed: the No. 1 sensor 47 is set at the side of the simulated roadway. Upper side wall (can be a pressure, temperature or gas flow sensor, optional according to actual research needs, the same below); No. 2 sensor 48 is arranged in the center of the simulated roadway, and No. 3 sensor 49 is arranged on the lower side wall of the simulated roadway, Sensor number four 50 is placed on top of the simulated roadway.

The test steps of the disturbance test device for the mine steady-state ventilation network disturbance caused by the dust explosion of the present invention are: (1) assembling a semi-circular arched steel plate roadway; (2) installing pressure, temperature and gas flow sensors; (3) conducting an experiment; (4) Record the data to end the experiment.

Assembling the tunnel ventilation network: The tunnel body is composed of an arched straight pipe 32 and a four-way cross joint 33, which are connected by flanges. Six (can be increased or decreased as needed) four-way cross joints 33 can be set to connect each part of the pipeline into a whole. , combined into a horizontal arrangement of three rows of pipelines (which can be increased or decreased according to needs). In order to make the device more adaptable, a rotating drive device 36 is designed. Rotate a certain angle to meet the needs of different inclination simulations. A visual window 38 is provided on each section of the arched straight pipe 32 to observe the condition of the two-phase flow of dust and flue gas. The tail of the upper simulated roadway is connected to the vacuum pump through the vacuum pump connection port 34, the left end is connected to the dust explosion simulation system with a special connecting pipe, and the tail of the lower one is connected to the mine fan 41 used to ventilate the system through the connecting pipe.

Arrangement of pressure, temperature and gas flow sensors: a measurement section is set up in the two parallel pipes and the connected longitudinal pipes of the roadway simulation system, and the corresponding pressure sensors and temperature sensors are arranged in each measurement section according to the positions shown in Figure 5. And gas flow sensor, all the sensors are connected to the computer through the connecting line, and the collected data is transmitted to the computer system.

The principle of dust explosion test: high-pressure air evenly disperses the dust inside the spherical pressure vessel, and the dust is ignited and detonated by an electric igniter. Specifically:

1. Preparation of dust samples: select about 100g of coal dust samples to be tested, and dry them in a constant temperature drying oven for 1 hour, and the temperature is set to 105 degrees;

2. Connect the air compressor 21 to the experimental device with a trachea;

3. Start the air compressor 21;

4. Weigh a sample of about 10g, and place it evenly on the dust container tray 15 at the bottom of the spherical pressure vessel; close the tank and close the protective casing 11; start the exhaust solenoid valve 30, and observe the indication of the pressure gauge 14. The pressure is generally at 0.4～0.6MPa can be used for experiment;

5. Press the powder detonator 6 to complete the ignition and detonation.

The present invention adopts the design of delayed detonation. After pressing the power control switch 3, the delayed ignition display 5 starts the countdown (the delay time should not be less than 10s), and the ignition coil 8 starts to heat at the same time. The solenoid valve 30 is opened, and the dust on the dust container tray 15 is sprayed into the tank body, and an explosion occurs when the heated ignition coil 8 is encountered. At this time, the occurrence of dust explosion in the mine can be simulated. The explosion shock wave and high-pressure gas enter the tunnel simulation system through the connecting pipe. Through the data acquisition of the corresponding sensors and the observation of the high-definition camera, the pressure generated by the dust explosion can be obtained. The stable ventilation of the mine can be obtained. network disturbance, so as to achieve the purpose of this experiment and realize the significance of the present invention.

When the data of each sensor collected by the computer, wait for the system to stabilize and end the experiment.

In addition, the present invention can also use square straight pipes instead of arched straight pipes. Correspondingly, a square tunnel opening 33-4 is reserved on the cross joint to connect each square straight pipe to form a tunnel ventilation network.

The above descriptions are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, of course, it cannot limit the scope of rights of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, Several improvements and changes are made, and these improvements and changes are also regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a dust explosion to the test device of mine ventilation state disturbance, is characterized in that, comprises: The dust explosion simulation system is used to simulate the generation of dust explosion in the mine, and provide the airflow generated by the dust explosion for the experiment; A rotatable roadway simulation system, connected with the dust explosion simulation system, is used to simulate the corresponding roadway affected by the dust explosion in the mine; A parameter detection system, installed on the rotatable tunnel simulation system, is used to collect the pressure, temperature and gas flow data of the rotatable tunnel simulation system during dust explosion, and to calculate the influence of the dust explosion on the evolution process of the ventilation system in the well. 2. dust explosion as claimed in claim 1 is to the test device of mine ventilation state disturbance, it is characterized in that, described dust explosion simulation system comprises spherical pressure vessel, the air storage tank that is positioned at the bottom of described spherical pressure vessel, is positioned at an ignition coil inside the spherical pressure vessel, and a dust container tray facing the air outlet of the gas storage tank and used for containing dust; After the ignition coil is heated, the exhaust solenoid valve on the gas storage tank is opened, and the dust on the dust holding tray is sprayed into the spherical pressure container, and the dust encounters the heated ignition coil to cause an explosion. 3. The test device for the disturbance of mine ventilation state by dust explosion as claimed in claim 2, wherein the spherical pressure vessel is a double-layer structure, and circulating water is passed between the two layers for cooling. 4. The test device for the disturbance of the ventilation state of the mine by dust explosion according to claim 2, wherein the outer part of the spherical pressure vessel is provided with a protective casing, and the protective casing faces the surface of the spherical pressure vessel. One end of the explosion vent is provided with a ventilation hole communicated with the rotatable roadway simulation system. 5. dust explosion as claimed in claim 4 is to the test device of mine ventilation state disturbance, it is characterized in that, in described protective casing, below described spherical pressure vessel is provided with power control switch, time delay ignition display and pressure Signal output switch. 6. The test device for the disturbance of mine ventilation state by dust explosion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotatable tunnel simulation system comprises a flared nozzle connected with the dust explosion simulation system, a flared pipe connected with the flared pipe A straight pipe with an arched cross-section connected to the pipe, a four-way cross joint connected with the straight pipe, a plurality of straight pipes with an arched cross-section connected with the four-way cross joint, and the plurality of straight pipes are connected to each other. They are connected by four-way cross joints, and the plurality of straight pipes are connected into a whole to form a tunnel ventilation network; One end of one of the four-way cross joints is connected with a mining fan for ventilation of the tunnel ventilation network; One end of the tunnel ventilation network away from the dust explosion simulation system is connected with a rotary drive device for driving the rotation of the tunnel ventilation network. 7. The test device for the disturbance of mine ventilation state by dust explosion as claimed in claim 6, wherein the through hole of the four-way cross joint is provided with an outer ring, an inner ring coaxial with the outer ring, Balls are installed between the outer ring and the inner ring; the inner ring is reserved with an arch tunnel opening for connecting the straight pipe, and a blind plate can be used when the tunnel opening reserved by the four-way cross joint is not used. closed. 8. The test device for the disturbance of mine ventilation state by dust explosion as claimed in claim 6, wherein the rotating drive device comprises a support frame, a motor fixed on the support frame, a deceleration device connected with the motor a transmission beam connected with the transmission shaft of the reducer, and the transmission beam is connected with the tunnel ventilation network. 9. the test device of the disturbance to mine ventilation state by dust explosion as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described parameter detection system comprises the pressure sensor, temperature sensor and gas flow rate that are installed at different positions in the straight pipe used for simulating roadway sensor. 10. The test device for the disturbance of mine ventilation state by dust explosion as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, the air storage tank is connected with an air compressor located outside the spherical pressure vessel, and the air compressor is used for air storage. The tank is filled with high pressure air.

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