CN112082577A - Leveling instrument telescope focusing running error calibrating installation - Google Patents
Leveling instrument telescope focusing running error calibrating installation Download PDFInfo
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- CN112082577A CN112082577A CN202011026747.6A CN202011026747A CN112082577A CN 112082577 A CN112082577 A CN 112082577A CN 202011026747 A CN202011026747 A CN 202011026747A CN 112082577 A CN112082577 A CN 112082577A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C25/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices referred to in the other groups of this subclass
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of leveling instrument metering and calibration, and discloses a leveling instrument telescope focusing operation error calibrating device which comprises a workbench, wherein the top of the workbench is divided into a high workbench surface and a low workbench surface, a vertically arranged support shaft is arranged on the low workbench surface, and a lifting platform is arranged at the top of the support shaft; a sliding table is connected on the high working table surface in a sliding manner along the front-back direction, a power mechanism for driving the sliding table to move along the front-back direction is arranged on the high working table surface, and a focusing mechanism is arranged on the sliding table; the invention realizes the high-precision automatic adjustment of the focusing tube near point, the infinite point and the movable reticle at the positions of all the verification points; meanwhile, the automatic adjustment and comparison of errors of all verification points in the verification process are realized through the sliding table and the power mechanism for driving the sliding table to move, the camera is adopted to shoot images for the movable reticle, the analysis and the record of the errors are automatically realized through the image processing system, the errors caused by human eye observation are avoided, and the measurement accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of leveling instrument measurement and calibration, and particularly relates to a leveling instrument telescope focusing operation error calibrating device.
Background
The level gauge is a measuring instrument which takes a horizontal sight line of the gauge as a datum line and performs height difference measurement, and is widely used for geodetic leveling, topographic deformation measurement, various engineering leveling, large-scale precision machinery installation and the like, and the quality of the gauge directly influences the engineering construction quality, so that the state sets a JJG 425 and 2003 level gauge verification rule, and sets 15 periodic verification items of the level gauge, wherein the focusing operation error of a telescope is a necessary verification item.
When the focusing operation error of the telescope is detected, firstly, the detection and adjustment tube is focused to an infinite position, the level is leveled, and the detection and adjustment tube is aimed, so that the cross wire of the level is superposed with the cross wire of the target division meal; and then adjusting the inspection and adjustment pipe to a near point, adjusting the level gauge to the near point, adjusting the inspection and adjustment pipe up and down through a lifting workbench if the two cross hairs are not coincident, adjusting the inspection and adjustment pipe left and right through a fine adjustment screw rod on the inspection and adjustment pipe workbench, and repeating the operation until the inspection and adjustment pipe is at infinity and the near point target is at the cross-hair intersection point of the level gauge. According to the telescope focusing operation error calibration process, a worker needs to walk back and forth during calibration, the alignment gauge and the level gauge are manually and finely adjusted respectively to be calibrated after being adjusted to a specified position, and the displacement mechanism needs to be manually adjusted for many times during the calibration process to read the reading of the mechanical micrometer. The project verification takes about 1 hour for novice, and even experienced personnel take tens of minutes, which results in a time-consuming level verification and a low verification efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a calibrating device for the focusing operation error of a level telescope, which aims to solve the problems in the prior art; the technical scheme adopted for achieving the purpose is as follows:
a leveling instrument telescope focusing operation error calibrating device comprises a workbench, wherein the top of the workbench is divided into a high workbench surface and a low workbench surface which are distributed side by side from left to right, a support shaft which is vertically arranged is arranged on the low workbench surface, a lifting platform is arranged at the top of the support shaft, and the top of the lifting platform is a support workbench surface for placing a leveling instrument to be calibrated;
the high worktable surface is provided with a sliding table in sliding connection along the front and back directions, a power mechanism for driving the sliding table to move along the front and back directions is arranged on the high worktable surface, a focusing mechanism is arranged on the sliding table and comprises a focusing tube arranged on the left and right, an objective end of the focusing tube points to a lifting table, a filter lens, a movable reticle, an objective and a precise scale reticle are coaxially arranged in the focusing tube from a non-objective end to the objective end in sequence, a camera lens for shooting images of the movable reticle is arranged at the non-objective end of the focusing tube, a gear rack transmission mechanism is arranged in the focusing tube, a rack of the gear rack transmission mechanism is parallel to the central axis direction of the focusing tube, the rack is fixedly connected with the movable reticle, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected on the focusing tube, the inner end of the rotating shaft extends to the inside of the adjusting tube and is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear of the gear rack transmission mechanism, the outer end of the rotating shaft extends to the outside of the focusing pipe, a driving wheel is fixed at the outer end of the rotating shaft, a first stepping motor is fixed on the sliding table, and the first stepping motor is in transmission connection with the driving wheel through a transmission belt.
Preferably, be equipped with the guide bar that sets up around two on high table surface, slip table bottom sliding connection is on two guide bars, power unit includes to rotate the power lead screw of connection on high table surface along the fore-and-aft direction, is equipped with on high table surface to be used for driving power lead screw pivoted second step motor, power lead screw runs through the slip table and is connected with slip table screw thread transmission.
Preferably, a first grating ruler is arranged between the sliding table and the high working table surface, a reading head of the first grating ruler is fixed at the bottom of the sliding table, a grating main ruler of the first grating ruler is installed on the high working table surface, and the first grating ruler is in signal connection with a control system of a second stepping motor.
Preferably, the slide rail that sets up around establishing on high table surface, slip table bottom sliding connection is on the slide rail, power unit includes the linking arm that sets up with slip table side integrated into one piece, has the base at linking arm end-to-end connection, base sliding connection is on high table surface, and threaded connection has the ejector pin on the linking arm, the one end top of ejector pin leans on the slide rail, and the linking arm is passed at the middle part of ejector pin, and the other end of ejector pin is square tip, is fixed with the third step motor on the base, and the coaxial square sleeve that is equipped with in the pivot of third step motor, square tip and both sliding connection at the ejector pin are established to square sleeve cover, are equipped with reset spring between slide rail and slip table.
Preferably, a second grating ruler is arranged between the base and the high working table, a reading head of the second grating ruler is fixed at the bottom of the base, a grating main ruler of the second grating ruler is installed on the high working table, and the second grating ruler is in signal connection with a control system of a third stepping motor.
Preferably, be equipped with the spout that is used for carrying out spacing direction to the rack in the focusing tube, be equipped with the strip that marks that sets up along the central axis direction on the rack, be carved with the scale interval on marking the strip, be equipped with the rectangle fretwork that is used for exposing the scale interval on the focusing tube lateral wall, set up the sign line on the focusing tube lateral wall of rectangle fretwork intermediate position.
Preferably, a microscope used for shooting images of the scale values engraved on the marking strip is arranged on the sliding table, and the microscope transmits the shot scale value images to the image processing system and then displays the scale values on the display screen.
Preferably, the camera lens is a CCD camera.
Preferably, the supporting shaft is a lifting screw.
Preferably, the lifting table is a multi-tooth indexing table.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the invention realizes the high-precision automatic adjustment of the focusing tube near point, the infinite point and the movable reticle at the positions of all the verification points; meanwhile, the automatic adjustment and comparison of errors of all calibration points in the calibration process are realized through the sliding table and a power mechanism driving the sliding table to move, the camera is adopted to shoot images of the movable reticle, and the errors are automatically analyzed and recorded through an image processing system, so that the errors caused by human eye observation are avoided, and the measurement accuracy is greatly improved; and finally, the moving position condition of the moving reticle can be further objectively reflected on the display screen through the microscope, so that the adjustment is more objective and accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a right side view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of the focusing tube;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the power mechanism.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a leveling instrument telescope focusing operation error calibrating device comprises a workbench 1, wherein the top of the workbench 1 is divided into a high workbench surface 2 and a low workbench surface 12 which are distributed side by side from left to right, a supporting shaft 13 which is vertically arranged is arranged on the low workbench surface 12, a lifting platform 11 is arranged at the top of the supporting shaft 13, and a supporting workbench surface 10 for placing a leveling instrument 9 to be calibrated is arranged at the top of the lifting platform 11;
the high worktable 2 is connected with a sliding table 5 along the front and back direction in a sliding way, the high worktable 2 is provided with a power mechanism for driving the sliding table 5 to move along the front and back direction, the sliding table 5 is provided with a focusing mechanism, the focusing mechanism comprises a left and right focusing tube 8, the objective end of the focusing tube 8 points to a lifting table 11, a filter lens 19, a movable reticle 21, an objective lens 22 and a precise scale reticle 23 are coaxially arranged in the focusing tube 8 from the non-objective end to the objective end in sequence, the non-objective end of the focusing tube 8 is provided with a camera lens 3 for shooting images on the movable reticle 21, the camera lens 3 is preferably a CCD camera, a gear and rack transmission mechanism is arranged in the focusing tube 8, the rack 17 of the gear and rack transmission mechanism is parallel to the central axis direction of the focusing tube 8, and the rack 17 is fixedly connected with the movable reticle 21, the rotary focusing tube 8 is rotatably connected with a rotating shaft, the inner end of the rotating shaft extends into the adjusting tube 8 and is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear 18 of a gear-rack transmission mechanism, the outer end of the rotating shaft extends to the outside of the adjusting tube 8 and is fixedly provided with a transmission wheel 14 at the outer end of the rotating shaft, a first stepping motor 7 is fixed on the sliding table 5, and the first stepping motor 7 is in transmission connection with the transmission wheel 14 through a transmission belt 6.
Wherein for realizing slip table 5 along the fore-and-aft direction motion, be equipped with the guide bar that sets up around two on high table surface 2, 5 bottom sliding connection of slip table are on two guide bars, power unit includes along the fore-and-aft direction rotates the power lead screw of connection on high table surface 2, is equipped with on high table surface 2 to be used for driving power lead screw pivoted second step motor 16, power lead screw runs through slip table 5 and is connected with 5 threaded transmission of slip table to power lead screw forms screw nut drive mechanism with slip table 5.
Meanwhile, a first grating ruler is arranged between the sliding table 5 and the high working table surface 2, a reading head of the first grating ruler is fixed at the bottom of the sliding table 5, a grating main ruler of the first grating ruler is installed on the high working table surface 2, and the first grating ruler is in signal connection with a control system of the second stepping motor 16, so that closed-loop control is formed on the second stepping motor 16 through high-precision monitoring of the moving distance by the first grating ruler.
As shown in fig. 4, another transmission structure can be further adopted to drive the sliding table 5 to move along the front-back direction, specifically, the sliding rail 24 arranged on the high workbench surface 2 is provided with the front and back, the bottom of the sliding table 5 is slidably connected onto the sliding rail 24, the power mechanism comprises a connecting arm 31 integrally formed with the side edge of the sliding table 5, the tail end of the connecting arm 31 is connected with a base 29, the base 29 is slidably connected onto the high workbench surface 2 through a slide 30, a top rod 25 is connected onto the connecting arm 31 through a thread, one end of the top rod 25 abuts against the sliding rail 24, the middle part of the top rod 25 is a thread section and penetrates through the connecting arm 31, the other end of the top rod 25 is a square end 26, a third step motor 28 is fixed onto the base 29, a square sleeve 27 is coaxially arranged on the rotating shaft of the third step motor 28, the square end 26 of the, a return spring is provided between the slide rail 24 and the slide table 5.
Meanwhile, a second grating ruler is arranged between the base 29 and the high worktable 2, a reading head of the second grating ruler is fixed at the bottom of the base 29, a grating main ruler of the second grating ruler is installed on the high worktable 2, and the second grating ruler is in signal connection with a control system of the third stepping motor 28, so that the third stepping motor 28 is controlled in a closed loop mode through high-precision monitoring of the moving distance by the second grating ruler.
As shown in fig. 3, a sliding groove for limiting and guiding the rack 17 is arranged in the focusing tube 8, a marking strip 20 is arranged on the rack 17 along the central axis direction, scale values are engraved on the marking strip 20, a rectangular hollow for exposing the scale values is arranged on the side wall of the focusing tube 8, the rectangular hollow is not shown in the figure on the other side surface of the focusing tube 8, and a marking line is arranged on the side wall of the focusing tube 8 at the middle position of the rectangular hollow; the microscope 15 is arranged on the sliding table 5 and used for shooting the scale value engraved on the marking strip 20, and the microscope 15 transmits the shot scale value image to the image processing system and then displays the scale value on the display screen 4.
The supporting shaft 13 may be a lifting screw, and the lifting table 11 may be a multi-tooth indexing table.
When the leveling instrument is used, firstly, a leveling instrument 9 to be calibrated is placed on a supporting table top 10, then a first stepping motor 7 is started to drive a rack 17, a movable reticle 21 and a marking strip 20 to move left and right together, a focusing tube 8 is focused to an infinite point, the leveling instrument 9 is leveled, and a cross wire of the leveling instrument 9 is overlapped with a cross wire of the movable reticle 21 according to the focusing tube 8; focus 8 focusing of focusing tube again to the near point, 9 focusing of surveyor's level to the near point, if both cross silks are misaligned, through 11 adjustments of elevating platform from top to bottom, the fore-and-aft direction passes through power unit and drives 5 movements of slip table and realize the adjustment, specifically has two kinds of modes, mode one: the second stepping motor 16 drives the power screw rod to rotate so as to realize the movement of the sliding table 5; the second method comprises the following steps: the square sleeve 27 is driven to rotate by the third stepping motor 28, the sleeve 27 drives the ejector rod 25 to rotate, and simultaneously, the ejector rod 25 extends forwards to abut against the slide rail 24, so that the sliding table 5, the connecting arm 31, the base 29 and the third stepping motor 28 are driven to move together. And repeating the action according to the adjustment mode until the infinite point and the near point of the focusing tube 8 are both at the intersection point of the cross wire of the level.
Corresponding verification points are selected from a near point to an infinite point of the focusing tube 8 according to the regulation requirement, the telescope of the level gauge 9 is sequentially focused to the clear target cross line of each verification point, whether the division center is overlapped with the focusing tube 8 or not is judged, if the division center is not overlapped with the focusing tube 8, the sliding table 5 is driven by the power mechanism in the front-back direction to move so as to read errors, and the errors are estimated by comparing the up-down direction with the front-back direction. Repeating the operation from the infinite point to the near point, and taking the average value A of the two round trip readings of each point; .
The variation error of the visual axis during focusing is the difference between the actual error of each verification point and the average value A; and finally, taking the maximum value of the absolute value of the difference as a verification result.
And taking the maximum value of the absolute value of Wi as a verification result.
If higher verification accuracy is required, the focusing tube 8 is rotated by 180 degrees around the optical axis, and the above operations are repeated, and the average value of the two results is taken as the final result.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: it is to be understood that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, but such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A leveling instrument telescope focusing operation error calibrating device is characterized by comprising a workbench, wherein the top of the workbench is divided into a high workbench surface and a low workbench surface which are distributed side by side from left to right, a support shaft which is vertically arranged is arranged on the low workbench surface, a lifting platform is arranged at the top of the support shaft, and the top of the lifting platform is a support workbench surface for placing a leveling instrument to be calibrated;
the high worktable surface is provided with a sliding table in sliding connection along the front and back directions, a power mechanism for driving the sliding table to move along the front and back directions is arranged on the high worktable surface, a focusing mechanism is arranged on the sliding table and comprises a focusing tube arranged on the left and right, an objective end of the focusing tube points to a lifting table, a filter lens, a movable reticle, an objective and a precise scale reticle are coaxially arranged in the focusing tube from a non-objective end to the objective end in sequence, a camera lens for shooting images of the movable reticle is arranged at the non-objective end of the focusing tube, a gear rack transmission mechanism is arranged in the focusing tube, a rack of the gear rack transmission mechanism is parallel to the central axis direction of the focusing tube, the rack is fixedly connected with the movable reticle, a rotating shaft is rotatably connected on the focusing tube, the inner end of the rotating shaft extends to the inside of the adjusting tube and is coaxially and fixedly connected with a gear of the gear rack transmission mechanism, the outer end of the rotating shaft extends to the outside of the focusing pipe, a driving wheel is fixed at the outer end of the rotating shaft, a first stepping motor is fixed on the sliding table, and the first stepping motor is in transmission connection with the driving wheel through a transmission belt.
2. The level telescope focusing running error calibrating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein two guide rods are arranged on the high workbench surface, the bottom of the sliding table is slidably connected to the two guide rods, the power mechanism comprises a power screw rod rotatably connected to the high workbench surface along the front-back direction, a second stepping motor for driving the power screw rod to rotate is arranged on the high workbench surface, and the power screw rod penetrates through the sliding table and is in threaded transmission connection with the sliding table.
3. The leveling instrument telescope focusing operation error calibrating apparatus according to claim 2, wherein a first grating ruler is arranged between the sliding table and the high working table, a reading head of the first grating ruler is fixed at the bottom of the sliding table, a grating main ruler of the first grating ruler is installed on the high working table, and the first grating ruler is in signal connection with a control system of the second stepping motor.
4. The level telescope focusing operation error calibrating apparatus of claim 1, its characterized in that, the slide rail that sets up around establishing on high table surface, slip table bottom sliding connection is on the slide rail, power unit includes the linking arm that sets up with slip table side integrated into one piece, has the base at the linking arm end-to-end connection, base sliding connection is on high table surface, and threaded connection has the ejector pin on the linking arm, the one end top of ejector pin is leaned on the slide rail, and the linking arm is passed at the middle part of ejector pin, and the other end of ejector pin is square tip, is fixed with third step motor on the base, coaxially is equipped with square sleeve in the pivot of third step motor, square sleeve cover establishes square tip and both sliding connection at the ejector pin, is equipped with reset spring between slide rail and slip table.
5. The apparatus for calibrating focusing operation errors of a level telescope according to claim 4, wherein a second grating ruler is arranged between the base and the upper working platform, a reading head of the second grating ruler is fixed at the bottom of the base, a grating main ruler of the second grating ruler is arranged on the upper working platform, and the second grating ruler is in signal connection with a control system of a third stepping motor.
6. The apparatus for calibrating focusing operation error of a level telescope according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a slide groove for positioning and guiding the rack is provided in the focusing tube, a marking strip is provided on the rack along the central axis, a scale is engraved on the marking strip, a rectangular cutout for exposing the scale is provided on the side wall of the focusing tube, and a marking line is provided on the side wall of the focusing tube at the middle position of the rectangular cutout.
7. The apparatus for calibrating focusing operation errors of a level telescope according to claim 6, wherein a microscope is provided on the slide table for taking images of scale values engraved on the marker strip, and the microscope transmits the taken scale value images to the image processing system and displays the scale values on the display screen.
8. The apparatus for calibrating focusing operation error of a level telescope of claim 7, wherein said imaging lens is a CCD camera.
9. The apparatus for calibrating focusing operation error of a level telescope of claim 6, wherein the support shaft is a lifting screw.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the lift table is a multi-tooth indexing table.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202011026747.6A CN112082577B (en) | 2020-09-25 | 2020-09-25 | Level telescope focusing operation error calibrating device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011026747.6A CN112082577B (en) | 2020-09-25 | 2020-09-25 | Level telescope focusing operation error calibrating device |
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| CN112082577A true CN112082577A (en) | 2020-12-15 |
| CN112082577B CN112082577B (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112857581A (en) * | 2021-01-12 | 2021-05-28 | 湖北华中光电科技有限公司 | Simple thermal infrared imager zero position measuring device and using method thereof |
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