CN112082476A - Small-size gear measuring center - Google Patents
Small-size gear measuring center Download PDFInfo
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- CN112082476A CN112082476A CN202010892038.XA CN202010892038A CN112082476A CN 112082476 A CN112082476 A CN 112082476A CN 202010892038 A CN202010892038 A CN 202010892038A CN 112082476 A CN112082476 A CN 112082476A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/24—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
- G01B11/2416—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures of gears
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of gear detection equipment, and particularly relates to a small gear measuring center which comprises a base, an X shaft, a Y shaft, a Z shaft, a C shaft and an upper tip mechanism, wherein the Z shaft is arranged on the base, the X shaft is arranged on the Z shaft, the Y shaft is arranged on the X shaft, the upper tip mechanism is arranged on the Z shaft, the C shaft is arranged on the base, the upper tip mechanism is coaxial with the C shaft, a gear to be measured is arranged between the upper tip mechanism and the C shaft, and the gear to be measured is driven to rotate by a motor of the C shaft. The measuring center adopts a single-column form, is different from a double-column form of the traditional gear measuring center, simplifies the structure, reduces the cost, and solves the problems of large occupied area, complex structure and high manufacturing cost of the traditional measuring center. The device is suitable for detecting small gears with the outer diameter within 150mm, and can be expanded to the three-dimensional measurement function of key parts of RV and harmonic reducers besides detecting the workpiece parameters of conventional involute cylindrical gears, gear cutters, worm wheels and worms.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of gear detection equipment, and particularly relates to a small gear measurement center.
Background art:
the gear measurement center is a comprehensive gear measurement instrument, is widely applied in the gear detection industry, is suitable for accurately measuring parameters such as tooth profile deviation, spiral line deviation, tooth pitch accumulated deviation, gear ring radial run-out and the like of workpieces such as involute cylindrical gears (multiple gears, internal gears and the like), gear cutters (hobs, slotting tools, razors and the like), worm gears, worm screws, arc (straight) tooth bevel teeth and the like, and can be expanded to three-dimensional measurement functions such as RV, key parts of harmonic reducers, tooth profile scanning, helical rotors and the like.
According to the external dimension of the measured gear, the gear measuring center is divided into a plurality of models, for example, Z series gear measuring centers of Harbin Zhida measurement and control technology Limited company, including Z2 (maximum gear external diameter 250mm), Z3 (maximum gear external diameter 350 mm), Z4 (maximum gear external diameter 450 mm) and other models, WGT series gear measuring centers of Wenzze Germany, including WGT350 (maximum gear external diameter 400mm), WGT500 (maximum gear external diameter 650mm), WGT850 (maximum gear external diameter 850mm) and other models, 3000 series gear measuring centers of Ha quantum group, including 3002A (maximum gear external diameter 200 mm), 3903T (maximum gear external diameter 300 mm), 3006T (maximum gear external diameter 600 mm) and other models. From the above situation, in the existing gear measurement center, there is no special instrument for detecting small gears with an outer diameter within 150mm, and if a user wants to measure a gear with a smaller outer diameter, the user needs to purchase at least a gear measurement center with a maximum detection outer diameter of 200mm or 250mm, which causes a certain cost waste.
The traditional gear measuring center is generally of a four-shaft type and comprises an X shaft, a Y shaft, a Z shaft and a C shaft, an instrument comprises two stand column structures which are respectively a measuring stand column and a workpiece stand column, wherein the measuring stand column is mainly provided with a measuring head and is responsible for X-direction, Y-direction and Z-direction movement of the measuring head, the workpiece stand column is mainly matched with a main shaft for use, a measured gear is clamped, and the workpiece stand column is responsible for C-direction movement of a workpiece. Because the gear measuring center with the double upright columns has a complex structure and larger occupied area, certain space waste can be caused when the gear measuring center is used for detecting small gears.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a small gear measuring center, which fills the market blank of a small gear special measuring center with the outer diameter within 150 mm. The measuring center adopts a single-column form, is different from a double-column form of the traditional gear measuring center, simplifies the structure, reduces the cost, and solves the problems of large occupied area, complex structure and high manufacturing cost of the traditional measuring center.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a small-size gear measurement center, measurement center includes base, Z axle, X axle, Y axle, C axle and goes up apex mechanism, and the Z axle is installed on the base, and the X axle is installed on the Z axle, and the Y axle is installed on the X axle, goes up apex mechanism and installs on the Z axle, and the C axle is installed on the base, goes up apex mechanism and C axle coaxial, and the gear that awaits measuring is installed between last apex mechanism and C axle, drives the gear that awaits measuring by the motor of C axle and is rotary motion.
Furthermore, the Z shaft comprises a stand column and a measuring head sliding plate driving assembly, the Z shaft sliding plate, the upper top point sliding plate, a Z shaft line rail, the upper top point sliding plate driving assembly and the Z-direction grating seat assembly, the stand column is installed on the base, and the Z shaft sliding plate and the upper top point sliding plate are installed on the stand column through the Z shaft line rail;
the measuring head sliding plate driving component comprises a servo motor, a Z-axis motor base, a Z-axis coupling joint, a Z-axis round nut, a Z-axis bearing sleeve, a Z-axis bearing pressing plate, an outer leaf spring pressing plate, a Z-axis driving leaf spring, an inner leaf spring pressing plate, a Z-axis supporting bearing, a Z-axis elastic retainer ring, a measuring head lead screw tail bearing seat, a measuring head lead screw, a Z-axis nut sleeve, a Z-axis driving bearing and a driving component bottom plate, wherein the servo motor is arranged on the Z-axis motor base, the driving end of the measuring head lead screw is arranged on the Z-axis motor base through the Z-axis driving bearing, the Z-axis round nut, the Z-axis bearing sleeve and the Z-axis bearing pressing plate, the driving end of the measuring head lead screw is connected with a rotating shaft of the servo motor through the Z-axis coupling joint, the Z-axis motor base is arranged on the driving component bottom plate, the driving component bottom, the measuring head screw tail bearing seat is arranged below the upright post, the Z-axis nut sleeve is connected with the Z-axis sliding plate through an outer leaf spring pressing plate, a Z-axis driving leaf spring and an inner leaf spring pressing plate, and the Z-axis sliding plate can freely move in the Z-axis direction through the mechanism;
the upper center sliding plate driving assembly comprises a servo motor, a Z-axis motor base, a Z-axis coupling joint, a Z-axis round nut, a Z-axis bearing sleeve, a Z-axis bearing pressing plate, an outer leaf spring pressing plate, a Z-axis driving leaf spring, an inner leaf spring pressing plate, a Z-axis supporting bearing, a Z-axis elastic retainer ring, an upper center lead screw tail bearing seat, an upper center lead screw, a Z-axis nut sleeve, a Z-axis driving bearing and a driving assembly bottom plate, wherein except that the length of the lead screw is different from the structure of the lead screw tail bearing seat, the other components and the structure are completely the same, the driving assembly bottom plate is arranged below the upright column in an installation mode, the upper center lead screw tail bearing seat is arranged above the upright column, the Z-axis nut sleeve is connected with the upper center sliding plate through the outer leaf spring pressing plate, the Z-axis driving leaf spring and the inner leaf spring pressing plate;
the Z-direction grating seat assembly comprises a Z-direction grating head and a Z-direction grating seat A, Z-direction grating seat B, the Z-direction grating head is installed on the Z-direction grating seat A, the Z-direction grating seat A is connected with the Z-axis sliding plate through the Z-direction grating seat B, a grating ruler with a proper length is installed at the position, corresponding to the Z-direction grating head, of the side face of the upright column, and therefore the displacement of the Z-axis sliding plate in the Z-axis direction is obtained through the mechanism.
Furthermore, the X-axis comprises an X-direction grating ruler substrate, an X-axis line rail, an X-axis sliding plate, an X-axis driving assembly, an X-direction grating head and an X-direction grating head seat, the X-axis sliding plate is installed on the Z-axis sliding plate through the X-axis line rail, the X-direction grating head is installed on the X-direction grating head seat, the X-direction grating head seat is installed above the Z-axis sliding plate, the X-direction grating ruler substrate is installed on the X-axis sliding plate, and a grating ruler with proper length is installed at the position, corresponding to the X-direction grating head, of the X-direction grating ruler substrate, so that the displacement of the X-axis sliding plate in the X;
the X-axis driving component comprises an X-axis stepping motor, an X-axis motor base, an X-axis coupling joint, an X-axis small nut, an X-axis mounting plate, an X-axis lead screw, an X-axis nut sleeve, an X-axis driving leaf spring, an X-axis supporting bearing, an X-axis elastic retainer ring, an X-axis bearing sleeve and an X-axis driving bearing, wherein the X-axis stepping motor is arranged on the X-axis motor base, the driving end of the X-axis lead screw is arranged on the front X-axis mounting plate through the X-axis driving bearing, the X-axis small nut and the X-axis bearing sleeve, the driving end of the X-axis lead screw is connected with the rotating shaft of the X-axis stepping motor through the X-axis coupling joint, the front X-axis mounting plate is arranged at the front end of the Z-axis sliding plate, the fixed end of the X-axis lead screw is arranged in the rear X-axis mounting plate through the X-axis supporting bearing and the X-axis elastic retainer ring, the, the mechanism can enable the X-axis sliding plate to move freely in the X-axis direction.
The Y-axis comprises a measuring head, a measuring head support, a Y-direction grating scale seat, a Y-axis driving assembly, a Y-axis lead screw nut pressing plate, a Y-axis lead screw nut extension sleeve, a Y-direction grating head seat, a Y-direction grating head, a Y-axis wall plate, a Y-axis line rail, a Y-axis guide rail base and a Y-axis sliding plate, wherein the measuring head is installed on the measuring head support;
the Y-axis driving assembly comprises a Y-axis lead screw, a Y-axis bearing sleeve, a Y-axis mounting plate, a Y-axis small nut, a Y-axis coupling, a Y-axis stepping motor, a Y-axis motor base and a Y-axis driving bearing, the Y-axis stepping motor is mounted on the Y-axis motor base, the driving end of the Y-axis lead screw is mounted on the Y-axis mounting plate through the Y-axis driving bearing, the Y-axis small nut and the Y-axis bearing sleeve are connected with each other through the Y-axis coupling, the Y-axis mounting plate is mounted on a Y-axis wall plate, the nut of the Y-axis lead screw is connected with a long sleeve through the Y-axis lead screw nut and two Y-axis lead screw nut pressing plates are fixed in the Y-axis sliding plate, and the Y-axis sliding plate can move freely in the Y-axis direction through the Y-.
Further, the C shaft comprises a lower tip, a faceplate, a main shaft, a retaining sleeve, a shaft sleeve seat, a thrust pad, a cross washer, a main shaft screw sleeve, a transfer shaft, a grating shaft, a mounting plate, a butterfly spring, a grating screw sleeve, a circular grating, a pressure plate, a stator ring, a frameless motor, a stator outer ring, a lower retaining frame and an upper retaining frame, wherein the lower tip is installed on the faceplate;
the shaft sleeve is arranged on the shaft sleeve seat, the switching shaft is fixed on the lower end face of the main shaft, a rotor of the frameless motor is sleeved on the switching shaft, the pressing plate presses the rotor of the frameless motor, a stator of the frameless motor is arranged in a stator outer ring, the stator ring is arranged on a stator outer ring and presses the stator of the frameless motor, and the stator outer ring is arranged on the shaft sleeve seat;
the grating shaft is arranged on the pressing plate, the mounting plate is arranged on the stator ring, the inner hole of the circular grating is sleeved on the grating shaft, and the circular grating is pressed and fixed by a butterfly spring and a grating screw sleeve;
the C shaft is arranged on the base through a shaft sleeve seat and is coaxial with the upper tip pushing mechanism.
Further, the upper center mechanism comprises a pressing cap, a pressure spring, a pressing sleeve, an upper center shaft sleeve, a support arm, an adjusting ring, a cover plate, an upper center retaining sleeve and a ball, the upper center shaft sleeve is fixed on the support arm through the adjusting ring, the upper center is sleeved in the upper center retaining sleeve, the upper center retaining sleeve is sleeved in the upper center shaft sleeve, the cover plate is installed on the upper center shaft sleeve and blocks the upper center retaining sleeve, the pressing sleeve is sleeved in the upper center shaft sleeve, the ball is located between the upper end face of the upper center and the lower end face of the pressing sleeve, the pressure spring is installed in the pressing sleeve, the pressing cap is installed on the upper center shaft sleeve and compresses the pressure spring, the whole upper center mechanism is installed on the upper center sliding plate through the support arm, and the C shaft and the upper center mechanism are kept coaxial through adjusting jackscrews on the adjusting ring.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the small gear measuring center fills the market blank of the small gear measuring center with the outer diameter within 150 mm. The measuring center adopts a single-column form, is different from a double-column form of the traditional gear measuring center, simplifies the structure, reduces the cost, and solves the problems of large occupied area, complex structure and high manufacturing cost of the traditional measuring center. The three-dimensional measurement device is suitable for detecting small gears with the outer diameter within 150mm, and can be expanded to the three-dimensional measurement function of key parts of RV and harmonic reducers besides detecting the workpiece parameters of conventional involute cylindrical gears, gear cutters, worm wheels and worms. Its main advantage is as follows:
1) the movement of the measuring head in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction and the C-direction movement of the gear to be measured can be completed by using the structural form of the single stand column, and the instrument is simple in structure;
2) the device is suitable for detecting small gears with the outer diameter within 150mm, and the occupied area of the instrument is small;
3) the device has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, simplicity in installation and convenience in maintenance, effectively improves the production efficiency, and greatly reduces the measurement cost of the gear;
4) the measuring instrument has strong universality, and can be expanded to the three-dimensional measuring function of key parts of RV and harmonic reducer besides detecting the workpiece parameters of conventional involute cylindrical gears, gear cutters, worm wheels and worms;
5) the reliability and stability of the instrument are good, the measurement accuracy is high, and the production requirement of the gear detection industry is met.
Description of the drawings:
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a measurement center of a small gear according to one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the Z-axis in the first embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a probe slide driving assembly according to an embodiment;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of an upper tip slide drive assembly according to an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a Z-direction optical bench assembly according to one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a front view of the X-axis in the first embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a right side view along the X-axis in accordance with the first embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an X-axis drive assembly according to one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a front view of the Y-axis in the first embodiment;
FIG. 10 is a right side view of the Y-axis in the first embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a Y-axis drive assembly according to one embodiment;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view taken along the axis C according to the first embodiment;
fig. 13 is a cross-sectional view of an upper tip mechanism according to a first embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
example one
Referring to fig. 1, the small gear measuring center provided by the invention comprises a base 1, a Z shaft 2, an X shaft 3, a Y shaft 4, a C shaft 5 and an upper center mechanism 6, wherein the Z shaft 2 is installed on the base 1, the X shaft 3 is installed on the Z shaft 2, the Y shaft 4 is installed on the X shaft 3, the upper center mechanism 6 is installed on the Z shaft 2, the C shaft 5 is installed on the base 1, the upper center mechanism 6 and the C shaft 5 are coaxial, a gear 7 to be measured is installed between the upper center mechanism 6 and the C shaft 5, and a motor of the C shaft 5 drives the gear 7 to be measured to rotate.
Referring to fig. 2, specifically, the Z-axis 2 includes a column 8, a probe slide plate driving assembly 9, a Z-axis slide plate 10, an upper vertex slide plate 11, a Z-axis rail 12, an upper vertex slide plate driving assembly 13, and a Z-direction grating seat assembly 14, the column 8 is mounted on the base 1, and the Z-axis slide plate 10 and the upper vertex slide plate 11 are mounted on the column 8 through the Z-axis rail 12;
referring to fig. 3, the probe slide plate driving assembly 9 includes a servo motor 15, a Z-axis motor base 16, a Z-axis coupling 17, a Z-axis round nut 18, a Z-axis bearing sleeve 19, a Z-axis bearing pressing plate 20, an outer leaf spring pressing plate 21, a Z-axis driving leaf spring 22, an inner leaf spring pressing plate 23, a Z-axis supporting bearing 24, a Z-axis elastic retainer ring 25, a probe screw tail bearing seat 26, a probe screw 27, a Z-axis nut sleeve 28, a Z-axis active bearing 29 and a driving assembly bottom plate 30, the servo motor 15 is installed on the Z-axis motor base 16, the driving end of the probe screw 27 is installed on the Z-axis motor base 16 through the Z-axis active bearing 29, the Z-axis round nut 18, the Z-axis bearing sleeve 19 and the Z-axis bearing pressing plate 20, the driving end of the probe screw 27 is connected with the rotation shaft of the servo motor 15 through the Z-axis coupling 17, the Z-axis motor base 16 is installed on the driving assembly bottom plate 30, the fixed end of a measuring head screw 27 is arranged in a measuring head screw tail bearing seat 26 through a Z-axis support bearing 24 and a Z-axis elastic retainer ring 25, the measuring head screw tail bearing seat 26 is arranged below the upright post 8, a Z-axis nut sleeve 28 is connected with the Z-axis sliding plate 10 through an outer leaf spring pressing plate 21, a Z-axis driving leaf spring 22 and an inner leaf spring pressing plate 23, and the Z-axis sliding plate 10 can freely move in the Z-axis direction through the mechanism;
referring to fig. 4, the upper center slide plate driving assembly 13 includes a servo motor 15, a Z-axis motor base 16, a Z-axis coupling 17, a Z-axis round nut 18, a Z-axis bearing housing 19, a Z-axis bearing pressing plate 20, an outer leaf spring pressing plate 21, a Z-axis driving leaf spring 22, an inner leaf spring pressing plate 23, a Z-axis bearing 24, a Z-axis elastic retainer ring 25, an upper center lead screw tail bearing seat 31, an upper center lead screw 32, a Z-axis nut housing 28, a Z-axis active bearing 29 and a driving assembly bottom plate 30, except that the lead screw length and the lead screw tail bearing seat are different in structure, the other components and the structure are completely the same, the installation mode is that a driving assembly bottom plate 30 is installed below the upright post 8, an upper top lead screw tail bearing seat 31 is installed above the upright post 8, a Z-axis nut sleeve 28 is connected with an upper top tip sliding plate 11 through an outer leaf spring pressing plate 21, a Z-axis driving leaf spring 22 and an inner leaf spring pressing plate 23, and the mechanism can enable the upper top tip sliding plate 11 to move freely in the Z-axis direction;
referring to fig. 5, the Z-direction grating seat assembly 14 includes a Z-direction grating head 33, a Z-direction grating seat a34, and a Z-direction grating seat B35, wherein the Z-direction grating head 33 is mounted on the Z-direction grating seat a34, the Z-direction grating seat a34 is connected with the Z-axis sliding plate 10 through the Z-direction grating seat B35, and a grating ruler with a proper length is mounted at a position on the side surface of the upright post 8 corresponding to the Z-direction grating head 33, so that the displacement of the Z-axis sliding plate 10 in the Z-axis direction can be obtained.
As shown in fig. 6 and fig. 7, specifically, the X-axis 3 includes an X-direction grating scale substrate 36, an X-axis rail 37, an X-axis sliding plate 38, an X-axis driving assembly 39, an X-direction grating head 40, and an X-direction grating head seat 41, the X-axis sliding plate 38 is mounted on the Z-axis sliding plate 10 through the X-axis rail 37, the X-direction grating head 40 is mounted on the X-direction grating head seat 41, the X-direction grating head seat 41 is mounted above the Z-axis sliding plate 10, the X-direction grating scale substrate 36 is mounted on the X-axis sliding plate 38, and a grating scale with a proper length is mounted at a position of the X-direction grating scale substrate 36 corresponding to the X-direction grating head 40, so that the mechanism obtains displacement of the X-axis sliding;
as shown in fig. 8, the X-axis driving assembly 39 includes an X-axis stepping motor 42, an X-axis motor base 43, an X-axis coupling 44, an X-axis small nut 45, an X-axis mounting plate 46, an X-axis lead screw 47, an X-axis nut housing 48, an X-axis driving leaf spring 49, an X-axis support bearing 50, an X-axis circlip 51, an X-axis bearing housing 52, and an X-axis drive shaft bearing 53, the X-axis stepping motor 42 is mounted on the X-axis motor base 43, a drive end of the X-axis lead screw 47 is mounted on the front X-axis mounting plate 46 through the X-axis drive shaft bearing 53, the X-axis small nut 45, and the X-axis bearing housing 52, a drive end of the X-axis lead screw 47 and a rotation shaft of the X-axis stepping motor 42 are connected through the X-axis coupling 44, the front X-axis mounting plate 46 is mounted on a front end of the Z-axis sliding plate 10, a fixed end of the X-axis lead screw 47 is mounted in the X-axis, a rear X-axis mounting plate 46 is mounted to the rear end of the Z-axis slide plate 10, and an X-axis nut sleeve 48 is connected to the X-axis slide plate 38 by an X-axis drive leaf spring 49, which allows the X-axis slide plate 38 to move freely in the X-axis direction.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in particular, the Y-axis 4 includes a probe 54, a probe holder 55, a Y-direction grating scale seat 56, a Y-axis driving assembly 57, a Y-axis lead screw nut pressing plate 58, a Y-axis lead screw nut extension sleeve 59, a Y-direction grating head seat 60, a Y-direction grating head 61, a Y-axis wall plate 62, a Y-axis line rail 63, a Y-axis guide rail seat 64 and a Y-axis sliding plate 65, the probe 54 is mounted on the probe holder 55, the probe holder 55 is fixed on the Y-axis sliding plate 65, the Y-axis sliding plate 65 is fixed on the Y-axis guide rail seat 64 through the Y-axis line rail 63, the Y-axis guide rail seat 64 and the Y-axis wall plate 62 are jointly fixed on the X-axis sliding plate 38, the Y-direction grating scale seat 56 is fixed on the Y-axis sliding plate 65, the Y-direction grating head 61 is fixed on the Y-direction grating head seat 60, the Y-direction grating head seat 60 is fixed on the Y-axis wall plate 62, the, thereby the mechanism to obtain the displacement of the Y-axis slide plate 65 in the Y-axis direction; the probe 54 is an SP600 analogue scanning probe from Renishaw (Renishaw) in england.
As shown in fig. 11, the Y-axis driving assembly 57 includes a Y-axis lead screw 66, a Y-axis bearing housing 67, a Y-axis mounting plate 68, a Y-axis small nut 69, a Y-axis coupling 70, a Y-axis stepping motor 71, a Y-axis motor base 72, and a Y-axis driving shaft bearing 73, the Y-axis stepping motor 71 is mounted on the Y-axis motor base 72, a driving end of the Y-axis lead screw 66 is mounted on the Y-axis mounting plate 68 through the Y-axis driving shaft bearing 73, the Y-axis small nut 69, and the Y-axis bearing housing 67, the driving end of the Y-axis lead screw 66 and a rotating shaft of the Y-axis stepping motor 71 are connected through the Y-axis coupling 70, the Y-axis mounting plate 68 is mounted on the Y-axis wall plate 62, a nut of the Y-axis lead screw 66 is fixed in the Y-axis sliding plate 65 through the Y-axis lead screw nut connecting sleeve 59 and two Y-axis lead screw nut pressing plates 58, and this.
As shown in fig. 12, specifically, the C-axis 5 includes a lower center 74, a faceplate 75, a main axis 76, a retaining sleeve 77, a shaft sleeve 78, a shaft sleeve seat 79, a thrust pad 80, a cross washer 81, a main axis screw sleeve 82, an adapter shaft 83, a grating shaft 84, a mounting plate 85, a butterfly spring 86, a grating screw sleeve 87, a circular grating 88, a pressing plate 89, a stator ring 90, a frameless motor 91, a stator outer ring 92, a lower retaining frame 93 and an upper retaining frame 94, the lower center 74 is mounted on the faceplate 75, the faceplate 75 is fixed on the main axis 76, the upper retaining frame 94 is sleeved in the main axis 76, is positioned on the lower end surface of the step of the main shaft 76, the retaining sleeve 77 is sleeved on the main shaft 76, the shaft sleeve 78 is sleeved on the retaining sleeve 77, the lower retainer 93 is sleeved on the main shaft 76 and is positioned on the lower end surface of the shaft sleeve 78, the thrust pad 80 is sleeved on the main shaft 76, the spindle screw sleeve 82 is in contact with the lower retainer 93 and completely locks the mechanisms through the cross washer 81;
the shaft sleeve 78 is installed on the shaft sleeve seat 79, the adapting shaft 83 is fixed on the lower end face of the main shaft 76, the rotor of the frameless motor 91 is sleeved on the adapting shaft 83, the pressing plate 89 presses the rotor of the frameless motor 91, the stator of the frameless motor 91 is installed in the stator outer ring 92, the stator ring 90 is installed on the stator outer ring 92 and presses the stator of the frameless motor 91, and the stator outer ring 92 is installed on the shaft sleeve seat 79;
the grating shaft 84 is arranged on a pressing plate 89, the mounting plate 85 is arranged on a stator ring 90, the inner hole of the circular grating 88 is sleeved on the grating shaft 84, and the circular grating 88 is pressed and fixed by a butterfly spring 86 and a grating screw sleeve 87;
the C-axis 5 is mounted on the base 1 by a bushing mount 79 and is coaxial with the upper tip mechanism 6.
As shown in fig. 13, specifically, the upper center mechanism 6 includes a pressing cap 95, a pressing spring 96, a pressing sleeve 97, an upper center shaft sleeve 98, a support arm 99, an adjusting ring 100, a cover plate 101, an upper center 102, an upper center retaining sleeve 103 and balls 104, the upper center shaft sleeve 98 is fixed on the support arm 99 through the adjusting ring 100, the upper center 102 is sleeved in the upper center retaining sleeve 103, the upper center retaining sleeve 103 is sleeved in the upper center shaft sleeve 98, the cover plate 101 is mounted on the upper center shaft sleeve 98 and blocks the upper center retaining sleeve 103, the pressing sleeve 97 is sleeved in the upper center shaft sleeve 98, the balls 104 are located between an upper end surface of the upper center 102 and a lower end surface of the pressing sleeve 97, the pressing spring 96 is mounted in the pressing sleeve 97, the pressing cap 95 is mounted on the upper center shaft sleeve 98, and compresses the compression spring 96, the whole upper tip mechanism 6 is arranged on the upper tip sliding plate 11 through the support arm 99, the C-axis 5 and the upper tip mechanism 6 are kept coaxial by adjusting the jackscrew on the adjusting ring 100.
During detection, firstly, manual feeding is carried out, the gear 7 to be detected is clamped between the upper tip mechanism 6 and the C shaft 5, the frameless motor 91 drives the gear 7 to be detected to rotate in the C shaft direction, the rotation angle value of the gear 7 to be detected is controlled through the circular grating 88, the measuring head 54 performs comprehensive space motion in the X shaft direction, the Y shaft direction and the Z shaft direction, the displacement of the measuring head in the X shaft direction is read through the X-direction grating head 40, the displacement of the measuring head in the Y shaft direction is read through the Y-direction grating head 61, the displacement of the measuring head in the Z shaft direction is read through the Z-direction grating head 33, and relevant parameters of the gear 7 to be detected are comprehensively detected.
The specific measurement steps are as follows:
1) moving the measuring head 54 to the middle positions in the directions of the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis to reset the system;
2) placing a ball gauge on the base 1 for calibrating a measuring head;
3) taking away the ball gauge, and clamping the gear 7 to be measured between the lower center 74 and the upper center 102;
4) moving the probe 54 to the corresponding position to be measured;
5) the measuring head 54 moves to the radius position of the base circle of the gear 7 to be measured and is disengaged in the Z-axis direction;
6) the C axis 5 and the Z axis 2 carry out difference compensation movement, a track of a theoretical spiral line is formed, the measuring head 54 is always in contact with the tooth surface at the moment, and the error of the spiral line is measured;
7) after the measurement of the spiral line is finished, the measuring head 54 returns to the radius position of the base circle, the C shaft 5 and the X shaft 3 perform difference compensation motion at the middle position in the tooth width direction, so that the measuring head 54 is always attached to the tooth surface, the tooth profile of the gear is unfolded into a straight line by using a normal polar coordinate measurement method, and the tooth profile of the gear is measured;
8) after the tooth profile measurement is finished, the measuring head 54 stays in the corresponding tooth groove, the spherical center of the measuring head 54 is ensured to be at the reference circle radius position, the measuring head 54 moves in the X-axis direction, and the axis of the measuring head 54 is ensured to pass through the axis of the C-axis 5;
9) the C shaft 5 rotates to realize that the measuring head 54 leans against and counts the left and right tooth surfaces of the gear 7 to be measured, and the tooth pitch measurement of the two tooth surfaces in one tooth groove is completed;
10) the Y shaft 4 retreats, the C shaft 5 rotates to the next tooth groove through the accurate calculation of the circular grating 88, the Y shaft 4 advances again, the sphere center of the measuring head 54 is still kept at the reference circle radius position, the C shaft 5 rotates, the left tooth surface and the right tooth surface lean against the teeth and count again, and the like, all the tooth surfaces in all the tooth grooves can be measured, and the tooth pitch measurement of all the teeth of the gear 7 to be measured is completed.
Claims (6)
1. A small gear measuring center is characterized in that: the measuring center comprises a base (1), a Z shaft (2), an X shaft (3), a Y shaft (4), a C shaft (5) and an upper tip mechanism (6), the Z shaft (2) is installed on the base (1), the X shaft (3) is installed on the Z shaft (2), the Y shaft (4) is installed on the X shaft (3), the upper tip mechanism (6) is installed on the Z shaft (2), the C shaft (5) is installed on the base (1), and a gear (7) to be measured is installed between the upper tip mechanism (6) and the C shaft (5).
2. A compact gear measurement center according to claim 1, wherein: the Z-axis (2) comprises a stand column (8), a measuring head sliding plate driving assembly (9), a Z-axis sliding plate (10), an upper top point sliding plate (11), a Z-axis linear rail (12), an upper top point sliding plate driving assembly (13) and a Z-direction grating seat assembly (14), the stand column (8) is installed on the base (1), and the Z-axis sliding plate (10) and the upper top point sliding plate (11) are installed on the stand column (8) through the Z-axis linear rail (12);
the measuring head sliding plate driving component (9) comprises a servo motor (15), a Z-axis motor base (16), a Z-axis coupling joint (17), a Z-axis round nut (18), a Z-axis bearing sleeve (19), a Z-axis bearing pressing plate (20), an outer leaf spring pressing plate (21), a Z-axis driving leaf spring (22), an inner leaf spring pressing plate (23), a Z-axis supporting bearing (24), a Z-axis elastic retainer ring (25), a measuring head lead screw tail bearing seat (26), a measuring head lead screw (27), a Z-axis nut sleeve (28), a Z-axis driving bearing (29) and a driving component bottom plate (30), wherein the servo motor (15) is arranged on the Z-axis motor base (16), the driving end of the measuring head lead screw (27) is arranged on the Z-axis motor base (16) through the Z-axis driving bearing (29), the Z-axis round nut (18), the Z-axis bearing sleeve (19) and the Z-axis bearing pressing plate (20), the driving end of the measuring head lead screw (27) is connected with the rotating shaft of the servo, the Z-axis motor base (16) is installed on the driving assembly bottom plate (30), the driving assembly bottom plate (30) is installed above the stand column (8), the fixed end of the measuring head screw (27) is installed in a measuring head screw tail bearing seat (26) through a Z-axis supporting bearing (24) and a Z-axis elastic retainer ring (25), the measuring head screw tail bearing seat (26) is installed below the stand column (8), and the Z-axis nut sleeve (28) is connected with the Z-axis sliding plate (10) through an outer leaf spring pressing plate (21), a Z-axis driving leaf spring (22) and an inner leaf spring pressing plate (23);
the upper tip sliding plate driving assembly (13) comprises a servo motor (15), a Z-axis motor base (16), a Z-axis shaft coupling (17), a Z-axis round nut (18), a Z-axis bearing sleeve (19), a Z-axis bearing pressing plate (20), an outer leaf spring pressing plate (21), a Z-axis driving leaf spring (22), an inner leaf spring pressing plate (23), a Z-axis bearing (24), a Z-axis elastic retainer ring (25), an upper tip lead screw tail bearing seat (31), an upper tip lead screw (32), a Z-axis nut sleeve (28), a Z-axis driving bearing (29) and a driving assembly bottom plate (30), except that the lead screw length and the lead screw tail bearing seat are different in structure, the other components are completely the same as the structure, the mounting mode is that the driving assembly bottom plate (30) is mounted below the upright post (8), the upper tip lead screw tail bearing seat (31) is mounted above the upright post (8), and the Z-axis bearing sleeve (28) is mounted on the upright post (8, The Z axis drives the leaf spring (22) and the inner leaf spring pressure plate (23) to be connected with the upper top point sliding plate (11);
the Z-direction grating seat assembly (14) comprises a Z-direction grating head (33), a Z-direction grating seat A (34) and a Z-direction grating seat B (35), the Z-direction grating head (33) is installed on the Z-direction grating seat A (34), the Z-direction grating seat A (34) is connected with the Z-axis sliding plate (10) through the Z-direction grating seat B (35), and a grating ruler with proper length is installed on the side surface of the upright column (8) and the position corresponding to the Z-direction grating head (33).
3. A compact gear measurement center according to claim 1, wherein: the X-axis (3) comprises an X-direction grating scale substrate (36), an X-axis linear track (37), an X-axis sliding plate (38), an X-axis driving component (39), an X-direction grating head (40) and an X-direction grating head seat (41), the X-axis sliding plate (38) is installed on the Z-axis sliding plate (10) through the X-axis linear track (37), the X-direction grating head (40) is installed on the X-direction grating head seat (41), the X-direction grating head seat (41) is installed above the Z-axis sliding plate (10), the X-direction grating scale substrate (36) is installed on the X-axis sliding plate (38), and a grating scale with proper length is installed at the position, corresponding to the X-direction grating head (40), of the X-direction grating scale substrate (36);
the X-axis driving assembly (39) comprises an X-axis stepping motor (42), an X-axis motor base (43), an X-axis coupling joint (44), an X-axis small nut (45), an X-axis mounting plate (46), an X-axis lead screw (47), an X-axis nut sleeve (48), an X-axis driving leaf spring (49), an X-axis supporting bearing (50), an X-axis elastic retainer ring (51), an X-axis bearing sleeve (52) and an X-axis driving bearing (53), wherein the X-axis stepping motor (42) is installed on the X-axis motor base (43), the driving end of the X-axis lead screw (47) is installed on the X-axis mounting plate (46) in front through the X-axis driving bearing (53), the X-axis small nut (45) and the X-axis bearing sleeve (52), the driving end of the X-axis lead screw (47) is connected with the rotating shaft of the X-axis stepping motor (42) through the X-axis coupling joint (44), the X-axis mounting plate (46) in front is installed, the fixed end of an X-axis lead screw (47) is arranged in a rear X-axis mounting plate (46) through an X-axis support bearing (50) and an X-axis elastic retainer ring (51), the rear X-axis mounting plate (46) is arranged at the rear end of a Z-axis sliding plate (10), and an X-axis nut sleeve (48) is connected with an X-axis sliding plate (38) through an X-axis driving leaf spring (49).
4. A compact gear measurement center according to claim 1, wherein: the Y-axis (4) comprises a measuring head (54), a measuring head support (55), a Y-direction grating scale seat (56), a Y-axis driving component (57), a Y-axis lead screw nut pressing plate (58), a Y-axis lead screw nut lengthening sleeve (59), a Y-direction grating scale seat (60), a Y-direction grating head (61), a Y-axis wall plate (62), a Y-axis line rail (63), a Y-axis guide rail base (64) and a Y-axis sliding plate (65), the measuring head (54) is installed on the measuring head support (55), the measuring head support (55) is fixed on the Y-axis sliding plate (65), the Y-axis sliding plate (65) is fixed on the Y-axis guide rail base (64) through the Y-axis line rail (63), the Y-axis guide rail base (64) and the Y-axis wall plate (62) are jointly fixed on the X-axis sliding plate (38), the Y-direction grating scale seat (56) is fixed on the Y-axis sliding plate (65), and the Y-direction grating head, a Y-direction grating head seat (60) is fixed on a Y-axis wall plate (62), and a grating ruler with proper length is arranged at the position of the Y-direction grating ruler seat (56) corresponding to the Y-direction grating head (61);
the Y-axis driving component (57) comprises a Y-axis lead screw (66), a Y-axis bearing sleeve (67), a Y-axis mounting plate (68), a Y-axis small nut (69), a Y-axis coupling (70), a Y-axis stepping motor (71), a Y-axis motor base (72) and a Y-axis active bearing (73), a Y-axis stepping motor (71) is arranged on a Y-axis motor base (72), the driving end of a Y-axis lead screw (66) is arranged on a Y-axis mounting plate (68) through a Y-axis driving bearing (73), a Y-axis small nut (69) and a Y-axis bearing sleeve (67), the driving end of the Y-axis lead screw (66) is connected with the rotating shaft of the Y-axis stepping motor (71) through a Y-axis coupling joint (70), the Y-axis mounting plate (68) is arranged on a Y-axis wall plate (62), the nut of the Y-axis screw (66) is fixed in a Y-axis sliding plate (65) through a Y-axis screw nut extension sleeve (59) and two Y-axis screw nut pressing plates (58).
5. A compact gear measurement center according to claim 1, wherein: the C-shaped shaft (5) comprises a lower tip (74), a faceplate (75), a main shaft (76), a retaining sleeve (77), a shaft sleeve (78), a shaft sleeve seat (79), a thrust pad (80), a cross washer (81), a main shaft screw sleeve (82), a switching shaft (83), a grating shaft (84), a mounting plate (85), a butterfly spring (86), a grating screw sleeve (87), a circular grating (88), a pressure plate (89), a stator ring (90), a frameless motor (91), a stator outer ring (92), a lower retaining frame (93) and an upper retaining frame (94), wherein the lower tip (74) is mounted on the faceplate (75), the faceplate (75) is fixed on the main shaft (76), the upper retaining frame (94) is sleeved in the main shaft (76) and located on the lower end face of a step of the main shaft (76), the retaining sleeve (77) is sleeved on the main shaft (76), the shaft sleeve (78) is sleeved on the retaining sleeve (77), and the lower retaining frame (93) is sleeved on the main shaft (, the thrust pad (80) is sleeved on the main shaft (76) and is in contact with the lower retainer (93) and the main shaft thread sleeve (82) completely locks the mechanisms through the cross washer (81) and is positioned on the lower end surface of the shaft sleeve (78);
the shaft sleeve (78) is installed on the shaft sleeve seat (79), the transfer shaft (83) is fixed on the lower end face of the main shaft (76), a rotor of the frameless motor (91) is sleeved on the transfer shaft (83), a pressing plate (89) presses the rotor of the frameless motor (91), a stator of the frameless motor (91) is installed in a stator outer ring (92), a stator ring (90) is installed on the stator outer ring (92) and presses the stator of the frameless motor (91), and the stator outer ring (92) is installed on the shaft sleeve seat (79);
the grating shaft (84) is arranged on the pressing plate (89), the mounting plate (85) is arranged on the stator ring (90), the inner hole of the circular grating (88) is sleeved on the grating shaft (84), and the circular grating (88) is pressed and fixed by the butterfly spring (86) and the grating screw sleeve (87);
the C shaft (5) is arranged on the base (1) through a shaft sleeve seat (79) and is coaxial with the upper tip mechanism (6).
6. A compact gear measurement center according to claim 1, wherein: the upper center mechanism (6) comprises a pressing cap (95), a pressure spring (96), a pressing sleeve (97), an upper center shaft sleeve (98), a support arm (99), an adjusting ring (100), a cover plate (101), an upper center (102), an upper center retaining sleeve (103) and a ball (104), the upper center shaft sleeve (98) is fixed on the support arm (99) through the adjusting ring (100), the upper center (102) is sleeved in the upper center retaining sleeve (103), the upper center retaining sleeve (103) is sleeved in the upper center shaft sleeve (98), the cover plate (101) is installed on the upper center shaft sleeve (98) and blocks the upper center retaining sleeve (103), the pressing sleeve (97) is sleeved in the upper center shaft sleeve (98), the ball (104) is positioned between the upper end face of the upper center (102) and the lower end face of the pressing sleeve (97), the pressure spring (96) is installed in the pressing sleeve (97), the pressing cap (95) is installed on the upper center shaft sleeve (98), and compresses the compression spring (96), and the whole upper tip mechanism (6) is arranged on the upper tip sliding plate (11) through a support arm (99).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010892038.XA CN112082476A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Small-size gear measuring center |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010892038.XA CN112082476A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Small-size gear measuring center |
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| CN107255453A (en) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-10-17 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of industrial robot joint decelerator eccentric shaft diameter measurement device and method |
| CN206869715U (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-01-12 | 哈尔滨智达测控技术有限公司 | Live center testing agency in automatic Gear separator |
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| CN2413264Y (en) * | 1999-06-22 | 2001-01-03 | 大连理工大学 | Geometrical accuracy measuring device for guided missile antenna housing |
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| CN201803696U (en) * | 2010-04-23 | 2011-04-20 | 北京中自精合精密仪器有限公司 | Pinion gear measuring device with granite structure |
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