CN112082410B

CN112082410B - Spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger arranged in staggered manner from top to bottom

Info

Publication number: CN112082410B
Application number: CN202010999596.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周乃香; 余显晟; 张湘敏; 刘斐; 于德涛; 张冠敏; 冷学礼; 邱燕; 其他发明人请求不公开姓名
Original assignee: Shandong Urban And Rural Planning Design Institute; Shandong University
Current assignee: Shandong Urban And Rural Planning And Design Institute Co ltd; Shandong University
Priority date: 2020-09-22
Filing date: 2020-09-22
Publication date: 2021-11-19
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-22
Also published as: CN112082410A

Abstract

The invention provides a spray-type shell-and-tube heat exchanger which is arranged in a staggered manner from top to bottom, wherein a shell pass inlet connecting pipe is arranged at the upper part of a shell, and the end part of the shell pass inlet connecting pipe is of a spray head structure; the heat exchange component comprises a central tube, a left tube, a right tube and tube groups, the tube groups are arranged on the same side along the height direction of the central tube, and the upper and lower adjacent tube groups are arranged in a staggered mode at intervals. According to the invention, the interval staggered distribution in the vertical direction is arranged between the adjacent annular pipes, so that the sprayed fluid can form an S-shaped channel, the flow area is increased, the flow path is prolonged, and the heat can be fully and uninterruptedly utilized.

Description

Spray type shell-and-tube heat exchanger arranged in staggered manner from top to bottom

Technical Field

The invention relates to a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, in particular to a spray-type shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

Background

The shell-and-tube heat exchanger is widely applied to industries such as chemical industry, petroleum industry, refrigeration industry, nuclear energy industry and power industry, and due to the worldwide energy crisis, the demand of the heat exchanger in industrial production is more and more, and the quality requirement of the heat exchanger is higher and more. In recent decades, although compact heat exchangers (plate type, plate fin type, pressure welded plate type, etc.), heat pipe type heat exchangers, direct contact type heat exchangers, etc. have been rapidly developed, because the shell and tube type heat exchangers have high reliability and wide adaptability, they still occupy the domination of yield and usage, and according to relevant statistics, the usage of the shell and tube type heat exchangers in the current industrial devices still accounts for about 70% of the usage of all heat exchangers.

After the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is scaled, the heat exchanger is cleaned by adopting conventional modes of steam cleaning, back flushing and the like, and the production practice proves that the effect is not good. The end socket of the heat exchanger can only be disassembled, and a physical cleaning mode is adopted, but the mode is adopted for cleaning, so that the operation is complex, the consumed time is long, the investment of manpower and material resources is large, and great difficulty is brought to continuous industrial production.

The mode of passively strengthening heat exchange is to strictly prevent the fluid vibration induction in the heat exchanger from being changed into effective utilization of vibration, so that the convective heat transfer coefficient of the transmission element at low flow speed is greatly improved, dirt on the surface of the heat transfer element is restrained by vibration, the thermal resistance of the dirt is reduced, and the composite strengthened heat transfer is realized.

In application, it is found that continuous heating can cause the internal fluid to form stability, i.e. the fluid does not flow or has little fluidity, or the flow is stable, so that the vibration performance of the heat exchange tube is greatly weakened, thereby affecting the descaling of the heat exchange tube and the heating efficiency.

Current shell and tube heat exchangers include dual headers, one header evaporating and one header condensing, thereby forming a vibrating descaled heat pipe. Thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency of the heat pipe and reducing scaling. However, the heat pipe has insufficient uniformity of heat exchange, only one side is used for condensation, and the heat exchange amount is small, so that improvement is needed to develop a heat pipe system with a novel structure. There is therefore a need for improvements to the above-described heat exchangers.

In the prior application, a three-heat-source shell-and-tube heat exchanger has been developed, but the shell-and-tube heat exchanger is controlled according to the period, so that the vibration heat exchange effect is poor, and the intelligent degree is low. The present application therefore provides further improvements over the previous studies.

In addition, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger spray type structure has been applied in the prior application, but the structure can cause the flow path of the sprayed fluid to be short, the flow speed to be too high, and even cause short circuit at partial positions, so that improvement is needed to improve the heat exchange efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger in the prior art, the invention provides a spray-type shell-and-tube heat exchanger with a novel structure. The shell-and-tube heat exchanger can increase the circulation area, prolong the flow path and fully and uninterruptedly utilize heat.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a spray-type shell-and-tube heat exchanger which is arranged in a staggered manner from top to bottom comprises a shell, a heat exchange part, a shell pass inlet connecting pipe and a shell pass outlet connecting pipe; the shell pass inlet connecting pipe and the shell pass outlet connecting pipe are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the heat exchanger; the heat exchange component is arranged in the shell and fixedly connected to the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate; fluid enters from a shell pass inlet connecting pipe, exchanges heat through a heat exchange component and exits from a shell pass outlet connecting pipe; the shell side inlet connecting pipe is arranged at the upper part of the shell, and the end part of the shell side inlet connecting pipe is of a spray head structure; the heat exchange component comprises a central tube, a left tube, a right tube and a tube group, wherein the tube group comprises a left tube group and a right tube group, the left tube group is communicated with the left tube and the central tube, the right tube group is communicated with the right tube and the central tube, so that the central tube, the left tube, the right tube and the tube group form heating fluid closed circulation, the left tube and/or the central tube and/or the right tube are filled with phase-change fluid, the left tube, the central tube and the right tube are respectively provided with a first heat source, a second heat source and a third heat source, each tube group comprises a plurality of circular arc-shaped annular tubes, intervals are arranged among the adjacent annular tubes, the end parts of the adjacent annular tubes are communicated, the plurality of annular tubes form a serial structure, and the end parts of the annular tubes form free ends of the annular tubes; the central tube comprises a first tube orifice and a second tube orifice, the first tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the left tube group, the second tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the right tube group, the outlet of the left tube group is connected with the left tube, and the outlet of the right tube group is connected with the right tube; the central pipe is characterized in that the pipe groups on the same side are arranged in a plurality of rows along the height direction of the central pipe, and the upper and lower adjacent pipe groups are arranged in a staggered manner at intervals.

Preferably, the first pipe orifice and the second pipe orifice are arranged on the same side of the central pipe, and the left pipe group and the right pipe group are in mirror symmetry along the plane of the axis of the central pipe.

Preferably, the left pipe, the central pipe and the right pipe are respectively provided with a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the left pipe, the central pipe and the right pipe, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts the temperature data of the left pipe box, the right pipe box and the central pipe box according to the time sequence, the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change is obtained through the comparison of the temperature data of adjacent time periods, and when the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls whether the first heat source, the third heat source and the second heat source heat or not.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, if the average temperature of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the previous time period is T1 and the average temperature of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the next time period is T2, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating and the second heat source to perform heating if the difference between T2 and T1 is lower than a threshold value;

when the second heat source heats and the first and third heat sources do not heat, if the average temperature of the middle pipe box in the previous time period is T1 and the average temperature of the middle pipe box in the adjacent subsequent time period is T2, if the difference between T2 and T1 is lower than the threshold value, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to heat and the second heat source to stop heating. Preferably, the annular pipes of the left pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the left pipe as the center of a circle, and the annular pipes of the right pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the right pipe as the center of a circle.

Preferably, the heat source is an electric heater.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. according to the invention, the interval staggered distribution in the vertical direction is arranged between the adjacent annular pipes, so that the sprayed fluid can form an S-shaped channel, the flow area is increased, the flow path is prolonged, and the heat can be fully and uninterruptedly utilized.

2. According to the invention, through the temperature difference between the previous time period and the next time period or the accumulated temperature difference detected by the temperature sensing element, the evaporation of the internal fluid can be judged to be basically saturated through the temperature difference, and the volume of the internal fluid is basically not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the temperature difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and the fluid needs to be heated to evaporate and expand again, so that a starting heat source needs to be used for heating. The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the problem of operation time is solved.

2. The 3 heat sources of the invention heat alternately in a period, and can realize frequent vibration of the elastic coil, thereby realizing good descaling and heating effects and ensuring that the heating power is basically the same in time.

3. The invention increases the heating power of the coil pipe periodically and continuously and reduces the heating power, so that the heated fluid can generate the volume which is continuously in a changing state after being heated, and the free end of the coil pipe is induced to generate vibration, thereby strengthening heat transfer.

4. According to the invention, the density and the pore diameter of the fluid pores are arranged in an uneven distribution manner, so that the fluid pores can be uniformly distributed in the process of flowing downwards, and the damage of heat exchange parts caused by overhigh local temperature is avoided.

5. The invention optimizes the optimal relationship of the parameters of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger through a large amount of experiments and numerical simulation, thereby realizing the optimal heating efficiency.

6. The invention designs a triangular layout diagram of a multi-heat exchange component with a novel structure, optimizes the structural parameters of the layout, and can further improve the heating efficiency through the layout.

Description of the drawings:

fig. 1 is a shell structure schematic diagram of a spray shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

Fig. 2 is a top view of a heat exchange member of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the heat exchange member of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a front view of another embodiment of a heat exchange member of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a dimensional structure schematic diagram of the heat exchange component of the invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic layout of the heat exchange member of the present invention in a circular cross-section heater.

In the figure: 1. tube group, left tube group 11,

right tube group

12, 21, left tube, 22, right tube, 3, free end, 4, free end, 5, free end, 6, free end, 7, annular tube, 8, central tube, 91-93, heat source, 10 first tube orifice, 13 second tube orifice, left return tube 14, right return tube 15, front tube plate 16, baffle 17, baffle 18, rear tube plate 19, shell 20, 211, shell inlet adapter, 221, shell outlet adapter, heat exchange component 23, spray tube 24, spray holes 25, interval 26

Detailed Description

A spray-type shell-and-tube heat exchanger, as shown in fig. 1, the shell-and-tube heat exchanger comprises a shell 20, a heat exchange part 23, a shell-side inlet connecting pipe 211 and a shell-side outlet connecting pipe 221; the shell side inlet connecting pipe 211 and the shell side outlet connecting pipe 221 are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the heat exchanger; the heat exchange part 23 is arranged in the shell 20 and fixedly connected to the upper tube plate 16 and the lower tube plate 19; the shell side inlet connecting pipe 211 and the shell side outlet connecting pipe 221 are both arranged on the shell 20; fluid enters from the shell side inlet connecting pipe 211, exchanges heat through the heat exchange part, and exits from the shell side outlet connecting pipe 221. Preferably, the heat exchange member extends in a vertical direction. The heat exchanger is arranged in the vertical direction.

As shown in fig. 1, the shell-side inlet connection pipe 211 is disposed at the upper part of the shell, and the end of the shell-side inlet connection pipe 211 is a spray head structure through which a heat exchange fluid, preferably a liquid, is sprayed into the shell side. Preferably water.

As a modification, as shown in fig. 1, a plurality of horizontal baffles 18 are provided in the housing, the baffles 18 extending the entire cross-section of the housing, and the baffles are provided with holes through which the heat exchange members 23 pass. The baffle is provided with a fluid hole through which the fluid flows from an upper portion to a lower portion.

According to the invention, the baffle 18 is arranged, so that the sprayed fluid can stay in the space above the baffle for more time, the heat exchange time is prolonged, and meanwhile, the fluid flows out of the baffle through the fluid hole and enters the next baffle space to continuously exchange heat. The heat can be fully and continuously utilized.

Preferably, the uppermost baffle 18 has a non-uniform distribution of fluid hole distribution density. The distribution density of the through-flow openings increases from the centre of the uppermost baffle 18 to the location where the baffle is connected to the housing. Because the spray head sprays, the liquid distributed in the center is the most, and the liquid distributed from the center to the outside is reduced, the liquid holes are arranged to be unevenly distributed, so that the liquid can be uniformly distributed in the process of flowing downwards through the liquid holes, and the damage of a heat exchange part caused by overhigh local temperature is avoided.

Preferably, the uppermost baffle 18 has an increasing distribution density of flow holes from the center of the baffle to the location where the baffle joins the housing. Through the arrangement, the requirement of uniform fluid distribution can be further met.

Preferably, the uppermost baffle 18 has a non-uniform distribution of fluid pore sizes. The aperture of the through-flow aperture increases from the centre of the uppermost baffle 18 to the edge of the baffle (where the baffle joins the housing). Because the spray head sprays, the liquid distributed in the center is the most, and the liquid distributed from the center to the outside is reduced, the pore diameters of the fluid holes are distributed unevenly, so that the liquid can be distributed evenly in the process of flowing downwards through the fluid holes, and the damage of a heat exchange part caused by overhigh local temperature is avoided.

Preferably, the uppermost baffle 18 has an increasing width of the aperture from the center of the baffle to the edge of the baffle (where the baffle is connected to the housing). Through the arrangement, the requirement of uniform fluid distribution can be further met.

Preferably, the horizontal baffle has two types, the first type is that the distribution density of the through holes is increased from the center of the baffle 18 to the edge of the baffle (the connecting position of the baffle and the shell). In the second type, the distribution density of the through-flow holes is reduced from the center of the baffle plate 18 to the edge of the baffle plate (the position where the baffle plate is connected to the housing). A plurality of parallel baffles are arranged along the height direction, and the types of the adjacent baffles are different. The baffles are formed into baffle-like forms by arranging adjacent baffles to be different in type. The liquid amount in the center or around the previous baffle is the largest, and after the fluid flows into the next baffle, the fluid needs to flow to the surrounding or the center, so that the flow path of the fluid is increased, the fluid can be fully contacted with the heat exchange component, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

Preferably, the uppermost baffle is of the first type.

Preferably, the horizontal baffle is of two types, the first type being that the aperture of the through-flow aperture increases from the center of the baffle 18 to the edge of the baffle (where the baffle joins the housing). In the second type, the aperture of the flow-through hole becomes smaller from the center of the baffle plate 18 to the edge of the baffle plate (the position where the baffle plate is connected to the housing). A plurality of parallel baffles are arranged along the height direction, and the types of the adjacent baffles are different. The baffles are formed into baffle-like forms by arranging adjacent baffles to be different in type. The liquid amount in the center or around the previous baffle is the largest, and after the fluid flows into the next baffle, the fluid needs to flow to the surrounding or the center, so that the flow path of the fluid is increased, the fluid can be fully contacted with the heat exchange component, and the heat exchange effect is improved.

Preferably, the uppermost baffle is of the first type.

Preferably, a plurality of shell-side inlet connecting pipes 211 can be arranged, so that uniform spraying around is ensured. Preferably, a plurality of the same are symmetrically arranged.

Preferably, a nozzle 24 is provided on a wall surface of the housing 1, and the nozzle 24 is provided with a nozzle hole 25. The shell-side inlet connection 211 is connected to the spray pipe 24, and water is fed into the spray pipe 24 and then sprayed out through the spray holes 25.

Through setting up spray tube and orifice, can make water more even distribution in the tube shell, further promoted heat exchange.

Preferably, the lance 24 is arranged in a full turn around the vertical inner wall of the housing, as shown in figure 1. Through so setting up, can be so that spray tube 24 intercommunication on the whole inner wall for can be in the position blowout water of a whole circle of shells inner wall behind water entering spray tube 24, thereby improve heat exchange efficiency.

Preferably, the baffle members are metallic members. The metal piece is arranged to play a role in enhancing heat transfer.

Fig. 2 shows a top view of a heat exchange unit 23, which, as shown in fig. 2, comprises a central tube 8, a left tube 21, a right tube 22 and a tube bank 1, the tube set 1 comprises a left tube set 11 and a right tube set 12, the left tube set 11 being in communication with a left side tube 21 and a central tube 8, the right tube set 12 being in communication with a right side tube 22 and the central tube 8, so that the central tube 8, the left side tube 21, the right side tube 22 and the tube group 1 form a closed circulation of heating fluid, the left side tube 21 and/or the central tube 8 and/or the right side tube 22 are filled with phase-change fluid, the left side tube 21, the central tube 8 and the right side tube 22 are respectively provided with a first heat source 91, a second heat source 92 and a third heat source 93, each tube group 1 comprises a plurality of circular arc-shaped annular tubes 7, the end parts of the adjacent annular tubes 7 are communicated, the plurality of annular tubes 7 form a serial structure, and the end parts of the annular tubes 7 form free ends 3-6 of the annular tubes; the central tube comprises a first tube orifice 10 and a second tube orifice 13, the first tube orifice 10 is connected with the inlet of the left tube group 11, the second tube orifice 13 is connected with the inlet of the right tube group 12, the outlet of the left tube group 11 is connected with the left tube 21, and the outlet of the right tube group 12 is connected with the right tube 22; the first orifice 10 and the second orifice 13 are arranged on the same side of the central tube 8. The left tube group and the right tube group are in mirror symmetry along the plane of the axis of the central tube.

Preferably, the baffles 18 are disposed between adjacent tube groups. Preferably, the baffles 18 are positioned such that the distance between adjacent tube groups is greater than the distance between other adjacent tube groups. The baffle is provided with holes through which the central pipe 8, the left side pipe 21 and the right side pipe 22 pass.

The ends of the two ends of the center tube 8, the left tube 21 and the right tube 22 are disposed in the openings of the front and

rear tube plates

16, 19 for fixation. The first orifice 10 and the second orifice 13 are located on the upper side of the central tube 8.

Preferably, a left return pipe 14 is arranged between the left pipe 21 and the central pipe 8, and a right return pipe 14 is arranged between the right pipe 22 and the central pipe 8. Preferably, the return pipe is arranged at the end of the central pipe. Both ends of the central tube are preferred.

Preferably, the fluid is a phase-change fluid, a vapor-liquid phase-change fluid, the first heat source 91, the second heat source 92 and the third heat source 93 are in data connection with a controller, and the controller controls the first heat source 91, the second heat source 92 and the third heat source 93 to heat.

The fluid is heated and evaporated in the central tube 8, flows to the left and

right headers

21 and 22 along the annular tube bundle, and is heated to expand in volume, so that steam is formed, and the volume of the steam is far larger than that of water, so that the formed steam can flow in the coil in a rapid impact manner. Because of volume expansion and steam flow, the free end of the annular tube can be induced to vibrate, the vibration is transmitted to the surrounding heat exchange fluid by the free end of the heat exchange tube in the vibration process, and the fluid can also generate disturbance, so that the surrounding heat exchange fluid forms disturbance flow, a boundary layer is damaged, and the purpose of enhancing heat transfer is realized. The fluid is condensed and released heat in the left and right side pipes and then flows back to the central pipe through the return pipe. Conversely, the fluid may be heated in the left and right pipes, condensed in the central pipe, and returned to the left and right pipes through the return pipe to be circulated.

According to the invention, the prior art is improved, and the condensation collecting pipe and the pipe groups are respectively arranged into two pipes which are distributed on the left side and the right side, so that the pipe groups distributed on the left side and the right side can perform vibration heat exchange descaling, the heat exchange vibration area is enlarged, the vibration can be more uniform, the heat exchange effect is more uniform, the heat exchange area is increased, and the heat exchange and descaling effects are enhanced.

The 3 heat sources are alternately heated in a period, and the periodic frequent vibration of the elastic coil can be realized, so that good descaling and heating effects are realized, and the heating power is basically the same in time.

Preferably, the annular pipes of the left pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the left pipe as the center of a circle, and the annular pipes of the right pipe group are distributed by taking the axis of the right pipe as the center of a circle. The left side pipe and the right side pipe are arranged as circle centers, so that the distribution of the annular pipes can be better ensured, and the vibration and the heating are uniform.

Preferably, the tube group is plural.

Preferably, the center pipe 8, the left pipe 21, and the right pipe 22 are provided along the height direction.

As shown in fig. 2, a space 26 is provided between adjacent annular tubes, and the tube groups on the same side are provided in plural along the height direction of the central tube, and the spaces 26 of the upper and lower adjacent tube groups are arranged in a staggered manner. According to the invention, the interval staggered distribution in the vertical direction is arranged between the adjacent annular pipes, so that the sprayed fluid can form an S-shaped channel, the flow area is increased, the flow path is prolonged, and the heat can be fully and uninterruptedly utilized.

Preferably, the left tube group 21 and the right tube group 22 are staggered in the height direction, as shown in fig. 3. Through the staggered distribution, can make to vibrate heat transfer and scale removal on the not co-altitude for the vibration is more even, strengthens heat transfer and scale removal effect.

Preferably, the tube group 2 is provided in plural (for example, the same side (left side or right side)) in the height direction of the center tube 8, and the tube diameter of the tube group 2 (for example, the same side (left side or right side)) becomes larger in the flow direction of the fluid in the shell side.

Preferably, the pipe diameter of the annular pipe of the pipe group (for example, the same side (left side or right side)) is increased along the flowing direction of the fluid in the shell side.

The pipe diameter range through the heat exchange tube increases, can guarantee that shell side fluid outlet position fully carries out the heat transfer, forms the heat transfer effect like the adverse current, further strengthens the heat transfer effect moreover for whole vibration effect is even, and the heat transfer effect increases, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect. Experiments show that better heat exchange effect and descaling effect can be achieved by adopting the structural design.

Preferably, the tube group on the same side (left side or right side) is provided in plurality along the height direction of the center tube 8, and the distance between the adjacent tube groups on the same side (left side or right side) becomes smaller along the flow direction of the fluid in the shell side.

Preferably, the spacing between the tube banks on the same side (left or right) in the direction of fluid flow in the shell side is increased by a decreasing amount.

The interval amplitude through the heat exchange tube increases, can guarantee that shell side fluid outlet position fully carries out the heat transfer, forms the heat transfer effect like the adverse current, further strengthens the heat transfer effect moreover for the whole vibration effect is even, and the heat transfer effect increases, further improves heat transfer effect and scale removal effect. Experiments show that better heat exchange effect and descaling effect can be achieved by adopting the structural design.

In tests it was found that the pipe diameters, distances and pipe diameters of the left side pipe 21, the right side pipe 22, the central pipe 8 and the pipe diameters of the ring pipes can have an influence on the heat exchange efficiency and the uniformity. If the distance between the collector is too big, then heat exchange efficiency is too poor, and the distance between the ring shape pipe is too little, then the ring shape pipe distributes too closely, also can influence heat exchange efficiency, and the pipe diameter size of collector and heat exchange tube influences the volume of the liquid or the steam that holds, then can exert an influence to the vibration of free end to influence the heat transfer. Therefore, the pipe diameters and distances of the left pipe 21, the right pipe 22, the central pipe 8 and the pipe diameters of the ring pipes have a certain relationship.

The invention provides an optimal size relation summarized by numerical simulation and test data of a plurality of heat pipes with different sizes. Starting from the maximum heat exchange amount in the heat exchange effect, nearly 200 forms are calculated. The dimensional relationship is as follows:

the distance between the center of the central tube 8 and the center of the left tube 21 is equal to the distance between the center of the central tube 8 and the center of the right tube 21, L, the tube diameter of the left tube 21, the tube diameter of the central tube 8, and the radius of the right tube 22 are R, the radius of the axis of the innermost annular tube in the annular tubes is R1, and the radius of the axis of the outermost annular tube is R2, so that the following requirements are met:

R1/R2 ═ a × Ln (R/L) + b; where a, b are parameters and Ln is a logarithmic function, where 0.6212< a <0.6216, 1.300< b < 1.301; preferably, a is 0.6214 and b is 1.3005.

Preferably, 35< R <61 mm; 114< L <190 mm; 69< R1<121mm, 119< R2<201 mm.

Preferably, the number of annular tubes of the tube set is 3-5, preferably 3 or 4.

Preferably, 0.55< R1/R2< 0.62; 0.3< R/L < 0.33.

Preferably, 0.583< R1/R2< 0.615; 0.315< R/L < 0.332.

Preferably, the radius of the annular tube is preferably 10-40 mm; preferably 15 to 35mm, more preferably 20 to 30 mm.

Preferably, the centers of the left tube 21, the right tube 22 and the center tube 8 are on a straight line.

Preferably, the arc between the ends of the free ends 3, 4 around the centre axis of the left tube is 95-130 degrees, preferably 120 degrees. The same applies to the curvature of the free ends 5, 6 and the free ends 3, 4. Through the design of the preferable included angle, the vibration of the free end is optimal, and therefore the heating efficiency is optimal.

Preferably, the heat exchange component can be used as an immersed heat exchange assembly, immersed in a fluid to heat the fluid, for example, the heat exchange component can be used as an air radiator heating assembly, and can also be used as a water heater heating assembly.

The heating power of the first, second and third heat sources is preferably 1000-.

Preferably, the box body has a circular cross section, and is provided with a plurality of heat exchange components, wherein one heat exchange component is arranged at the center of the circular cross section (the center pipe is arranged at the center of the circle) and the other heat exchange components are distributed around the center of the circular cross section.

Preferably, the tube bundle of the tube bank 1 is an elastic tube bundle.

The heat exchange coefficient can be further improved by arranging the tube bundle of the tube group 1 with an elastic tube bundle.

Further preferably, the heat source is an electric heating rod.

The number of the pipe groups 1 is multiple, and the plurality of pipe groups 1 are in a parallel structure.

The heat exchanger shown in fig. 6 has a circular cross-sectional housing in which the plurality of heat exchange members are disposed. Preferably, the number of the heat exchange components is three, the center of the central tube of each heat exchange component is located at the midpoint of an inscribed regular triangle of the circular cross section, the connecting lines of the centers of the central tubes form the regular triangle, one heat exchange component is arranged at the upper part of each central tube, two heat exchange components are arranged at the lower part of each central tube, and the connecting lines formed by the left side tube, the right side tube and the centers of the central tubes of the heat exchange components are of a parallel structure. Through such setting, can make and to fully reach vibrations and heat transfer purpose in can making the heater, improve the heat transfer effect.

Learn through numerical simulation and experiment, heat transfer part's size and circular cross-section's diameter have very big influence to the heat transfer effect, heat transfer part size too big can lead to adjacent interval too little, the space that the centre formed is too big, middle heating effect is not good, the heating is inhomogeneous, on the same way, heat transfer part size undersize can lead to adjacent interval too big, leads to whole heating effect not good. Therefore, the invention obtains the optimal size relation through a large amount of numerical simulation and experimental research.

The distance between the centers of the left side pipe and the right side pipe is L1, the side length of the inscribed regular triangle is L2, the radius of the axis of the innermost annular pipe in the annular pipes is R1, and the radius of the axis of the outermost annular pipe is R2, so that the following requirements are met:

10*(L1/L2)＝d*(10*R1/R2)-e*(10*R1/R2)²-f; wherein d, e, f are parameters,

44.102<d<44.110,3.715<e<3.782,127.385<f<127.395；

more preferably, d is 44.107, e is 3.718, f is 127.39;

with 720< L2<1130mm preferred. Preferably 0.58< R1/R2< 0.62.

Further preferred is 0.30< L1/L2< 0.4.

Through the layout of the three heat exchange component structure optimization, the whole heat exchange effect can reach the best heat exchange effect.

It has been found in research and practice that a constant and stable heat source results in a fluid-forming stability of the internal heat exchange components, i.e. the fluid is not flowing or is less fluid, or the flow is stable, resulting in a significantly reduced vibration performance of the tube bank 1, which affects the efficiency of the descaling and heating of the tube bank 1. Therefore, the following improvements are required for the heat pipe.

In the prior application of the inventor, a periodic heat exchange mode is provided, and the vibration of the annular tube is continuously promoted through the periodic heat exchange mode, so that the heat exchange efficiency and the descaling effect are improved. However, adjusting the vibration of the tube bundle with a fixed periodic variation can lead to hysteresis and too long or too short a period. Therefore, the invention improves the previous application and intelligently controls the vibration, so that the fluid in the fluid can realize frequent vibration, and good descaling and heat exchange effects are realized.

Aiming at the defects in the technology researched in the prior art, the invention provides a novel heat exchanger capable of intelligently controlling vibration. The heat exchanger can improve the heat exchange efficiency, thereby realizing good descaling and heat exchange effects.

Self-regulation vibration based on pressure

Preferably, the left tube 21, the center tube 8 and the right tube 22 are respectively provided with a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor and a third pressure sensor for detecting the pressures in the left tube, the center tube and the right tube, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor and the third pressure sensor are in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts the pressure data of the left tube, the right tube and the center tube according to time sequence, the pressure data of adjacent time periods are compared to obtain the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change, and when the pressure data is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the first heat source 91, the third heat source 93 and the second heat source 92 to heat or not.

Through the pressure difference of the previous and subsequent time periods or the accumulated pressure difference detected by the pressure sensing element, the evaporation of the fluid inside can be judged to be basically saturated through the pressure difference, and the volume of the fluid inside is basically not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the pressure difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and at the moment, the fluid needs to be heated so as to be evaporated and expanded again, so that the electric heater needs to be started for heating.

The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the pressure difference or the accumulation of the pressure difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the running time problem is solved.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, if the average pressure of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the previous time period is P1 and the average pressure of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the next time period is P2, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating and the second heat source to perform heating if the difference between P2 and P1 is lower than a threshold value.

Preferably, when the second heat source performs heating and the first third heat source does not perform heating, if the average pressure of the middle tube box in the previous period is P1 and the average pressure of the middle tube box in the adjacent subsequent period is P2, the controller controls the first third heat source to perform heating and the second heat source to stop heating if the difference between P2 and P1 is lower than a threshold value.

The operation state of the heat source is determined according to different conditions through the difference of the heating pressure of different heaters.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, if the average pressure of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the previous time period is P1 and the average pressure of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the next time period is P2, if P1 is P2, the heating is determined according to the following conditions:

if the P1 is larger than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating, and the second heat source to heat; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a pressure at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changed;

if P1 is less than or equal to the pressure of the second data, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to continue heating, and the second heat source to stop heating, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the pressure at which the phase change fluid does not change phase.

The first data is pressure data in a fully heated state, and the second data is pressure data in the absence of heating or in the beginning of heating. The judgment of the pressure is also used for determining whether the current heat source is in a heating state or a non-heating state, so that the operation state of the heat source is determined according to different conditions.

Preferably, when the second heat source performs heating and the first third heat source does not perform heating, if the pressure of the middle tube box of the previous period is P1 and the pressure of the middle tube box of the adjacent subsequent period is P2, if P1 is P2, heating is judged according to the following cases:

if the P1 is larger than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the second heat source to stop heating, and the first third heat source to heat; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a pressure at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changed;

if P1 is less than or equal to the pressure of the second data, the controller controls the second heat source to continue heating, and the first and third heat sources continue to stop heating, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the pressure at which the phase change fluid does not change phase.

Preferably, each channel is provided with n pressure sensing elements, and the pressure P in the current time period is calculated sequentially_iPressure Q of the preceding period_i-1Difference D of_i＝P_i-Q_i-1And for n pressure differences D_iPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation

When the value of Y is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the first heat source, the second heat source and the third heat source to stop heating or continue heating.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating and the controller controls the second heat source to perform heating when the threshold value is lower.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources stop heating and the second heat source performs heating, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to perform heating and the controller controls the second heat source to stop heating when the threshold value is lower.

Preferably, if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:

when the first and third heat sources are heating and the second heat source is not heating, or when the first and third heat sources stop heating and the second heat source is heating:

if P is_iIf the arithmetic mean of the first data is larger than the pressure of the first data, the controller controls the heating heat source to stop heating and the non-heating heat source to heat when the arithmetic mean of the first data is lower than the pressure of the first data; wherein the first data is greater than the pressure of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the pressure at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;

if P is_iIs less than the pressure of the second data, the controller controls the heating source to continue heating below the threshold value, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the pressure at which no phase change of the phase-change fluid occurs.

Preferably, the period of time for measuring the pressure is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.

Preferably, the threshold is 100-1000 pa, preferably 500 pa.

Preferably, the pressure value may be an average pressure value over a period of the time period. The pressure at a certain moment in time may also be used. For example, preferably both are pressures at the end of the time period.

Independently adjusting vibration based on temperature

Preferably, the left tube 21, the center tube 8, and the right tube 22 are provided therein with a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor, and a third temperature sensor for detecting the temperatures in the left tube, the center tube, and the right tube, respectively, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor, and the third temperature sensor are in data connection with a controller, the controller extracts the temperature data of the left tube, the right tube, and the center tube in time order, obtains the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change by comparing the temperature data of adjacent time periods, and controls whether the first and

third heat sources

91, 93 and the second heat source 92 heat or not when the temperature difference or the temperature difference change is lower than a threshold value.

The temperature difference or the accumulated temperature difference of the previous time period and the later time period detected by the temperature sensing element can be used for judging that the evaporation of the fluid inside is basically saturated and the volume of the fluid inside is not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the temperature difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and the fluid needs to be heated to evaporate and expand again, so that a starting heat source needs to be used for heating.

The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the problem of operation time is solved.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, if the average temperature of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the previous period is T1 and the average temperature of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the next period is T2, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating and the second heat source to perform heating if the difference between T2 and T1 is lower than a threshold value.

Preferably, when the second heat source performs heating and the first third heat source does not perform heating, if the average temperature of the middle tube box in the previous period is T1 and the average temperature of the middle tube box in the adjacent subsequent period is T2, the controller controls the first third heat source to perform heating and the second heat source to stop heating if the difference between T2 and T1 is lower than a threshold value.

The operation state of the heat source is determined according to different conditions through the difference of the heating temperatures of different heaters.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, if the average temperature of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the previous period is T1 and the average temperature of the left or right or left and right tube boxes in the next period is T2, if T1 is T2, the heating is determined according to the following conditions:

if the T1 is greater than the temperature of the first data, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating, and the second heat source to heat; wherein the first data is greater than the temperature of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a temperature at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;

if T1 is less than or equal to the temperature of the second data, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to continue heating and the second heat source to stop heating, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the temperature at which the phase change fluid does not change phase.

The first data is temperature data of a sufficiently heated state, and the second data is temperature data of no heating or temperature data of the beginning of heating. By the above judgment of the temperature, whether the current heat source is in the heating state or the non-heating state is determined, and the operation state of the heat source is determined according to different situations.

Preferably, when the second heat source performs heating and the first third heat source does not perform heating, if the temperature of the middle tube box of the previous period is T1 and the temperature of the middle tube box of the adjacent subsequent period is T2, if T1 is T2, heating is judged according to the following cases:

if the T1 is greater than the temperature of the first data, the controller controls the second heat source to stop heating, and controls the first third heat source to heat; wherein the first data is greater than the temperature of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a temperature at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;

if T1 is less than or equal to the temperature of the second data, the controller controls the second heat source to continue heating, and the first and third heat sources continue heating, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the temperature at which the phase change fluid does not change phase.

Preferably, theEach channel is respectively provided with a plurality of n temperature sensing elements, and the temperature P of the current time period is calculated in sequence_iTemperature Q of the preceding time period_i-1Difference D of_i＝P_i-Q_i-1And for n temperature differences D_iPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation

Preferably, if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:

if P is_iIf the arithmetic mean of the first data is higher than the temperature of the first data, the controller controls the heating heat source to stop heating and the non-heating heat source to heat when the arithmetic mean of the first data is lower than the temperature of the first data; wherein the first data is greater than the temperature of the phase change fluid after the phase change; preferably the temperature at which the phase change fluid substantially changes phase;

if P is_iIs less than a second data temperature, the controller controls the heated heat source to continue heating below a threshold value, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the temperature at which no phase change of the phase change fluid occurs.

Preferably, the period of time for measuring the temperature is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.

Preferably, the temperature value may be an average temperature value over a period of the time period. The temperature at a certain moment in time may also be used. For example, preferably both are temperatures at the end of the time period.

Thirdly, automatically adjusting vibration based on liquid level

Preferably, a first liquid level sensor, a second liquid level sensor and a third liquid level sensor are respectively arranged in the left side pipe 21, the central pipe 8 and the right side pipe 22 and used for detecting liquid levels in the left side pipe, the right side pipe and the central pipe, the first liquid level sensor, the second liquid level sensor and the third liquid level sensor are in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts liquid level data of the left channel box, the right channel box and the central channel box according to time sequence, the liquid level difference or the accumulation of the liquid level difference change is obtained through comparison of the liquid level data of adjacent time periods, and when the liquid level difference or the accumulation of the liquid level difference is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the first heat source 131, the third heat source 133 and the second heat source 132 to heat or not.

Through the liquid level difference or the accumulated liquid level difference of the front time period and the rear time period detected by the liquid level sensing element, the evaporation of the fluid inside can be judged to be basically saturated through the liquid level difference, and the volume of the fluid inside is basically not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the liquid level difference is reduced to a certain degree, the internal fluid starts to enter a stable state again, and at the moment, the fluid needs to be heated so as to be evaporated and expanded again, so that a starting heat source needs to be used for heating.

The stable state of the fluid is judged according to the liquid level difference or the accumulation of the change of the liquid level difference, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the problem of operation time is solved.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, if the average liquid level of the left or right or left and right channel boxes in the previous period is L1 and the average liquid level of the left or right or left and right channel boxes in the next period is L2, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating and the second heat source to perform heating if the difference between L1 and L2 is lower than a threshold value.

Preferably, when the second heat source performs heating and the first and third heat sources do not perform heating, if the average liquid level of the middle tube box in the previous period is L1 and the average liquid level of the middle tube box in the next following period is L2, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to perform heating and the second heat source to stop heating if the difference between L1 and L2 is lower than the threshold value.

The operation state of the heat source is determined according to different conditions through the difference value of the liquid levels heated by different heaters.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, if the average liquid level of the left or right or left and right channel boxes in the previous period is L1 and the average liquid level of the left or right or left and right channel boxes in the next period is L2, if L1 is T2, the heating is determined according to the following conditions:

if the L1 is less than the liquid level of the first data, the controller controls the first third heat source to stop heating, and the second heat source to heat; wherein the first data is less than or equal to the liquid level of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a level at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase changed;

if T1 is greater than or equal to a level at which the phase change fluid does not change phase, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to continue heating and the second heat source to stop heating.

The first data is liquid level data in a fully heated state, and the second data is liquid level data in the state of no heating or the beginning of heating. Through the judgment of the liquid level, whether the current heat source is in a heating state or a non-heating state is also determined, so that the operation state of the heat source is determined according to different conditions.

Preferably, when the second heat source performs heating and the first third heat source does not perform heating, if the liquid level of the middle tube box in the previous period is L1 and the liquid level of the middle tube box in the adjacent subsequent period is L2, if L1 is L2, heating is judged according to the following conditions:

if the L1 is less than the liquid level of the first data, the controller controls the second heat source to stop heating, and the first third heat source to heat; wherein the first data is equal to or less than the liquid level of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a level at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase changed;

and if the L1 is less than or equal to the liquid level of the second data, the controller controls the second heat source to continue heating, and the first and third heat sources continue heating, wherein the second data is equal to the liquid level at which the phase-change fluid does not change phase.

Preferably, each channel is provided with n liquid level sensing elements, and the liquid level P in the current time period is calculated in sequence_iAnd the liquid level Q of the previous time period_i-1Difference D of_i＝P_i-Q_i-1And for n liquid level differences D_iPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation

Preferably, if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:

if P is_iIf the arithmetic mean of the first data is less than or equal to the liquid level of the first data, the controller controls the heating heat source to stop heating and the non-heating heat source to heat when the arithmetic mean of the first data is less than or equal to the liquid level of the first data; wherein the first data is greater than the liquid level of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably a level at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changed;

if P is_iIs greater than the level of the second data, and is less than the threshold value, the controller controls the heating source to continue heating, wherein the second data is less than or equal to the level at which the phase change fluid does not undergo a phase change.

Preferably, the period of time for measuring the liquid level is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources heat and the second heat source does not heat, and when the liquid level detected by the first or third liquid level sensing element is lower than a certain value, or the average value of the liquid levels detected by the first and third liquid level sensing elements is lower than a certain value, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating and the second heat source to heat; when the first heat source and the third heat source stop heating and the second heat source heats, and when the liquid level detected by the second liquid level sensing element is lower than a certain value, the controller controls the first heat source and the third heat source to heat, and the second heat source stops heating.

Through the liquid level that liquid level perception element detected, can satisfy under certain liquid level condition, the evaporation of the inside fluid of left side pipe, right side pipe or center tube has reached saturation basically, and the volume of inside fluid also changes little basically, and under this kind of condition, inside fluid is relatively stable, and the tube bank vibratility variation at this moment is consequently poor, consequently need adjust, changes heat exchange component, makes the fluid flow towards different directions. Therefore, a new heat source is started to perform alternate heat exchange by detecting the liquid level change in the left side pipe, the right side pipe and the central pipe, and the heat exchange effect and the descaling effect are improved.

Fourthly, automatically adjusting vibration based on speed

Preferably, a speed sensing element is arranged in the left tube group and/or the right tube group and used for detecting the flow speed of the fluid in the free end of the tube bundle, the speed sensing element is in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts flow speed data according to time sequence, the flow speed difference or the accumulation of the flow speed difference change is obtained through comparison of the flow speed data of adjacent time periods, and when the flow speed difference or the accumulation of the flow speed difference is lower than a threshold value, the controller controls the first heat source 91, the third heat source 93 and the second heat source 92 to heat or not.

The flow velocity difference or the cumulative flow velocity difference of the previous and subsequent time periods detected by the flow velocity sensing element can be used for judging that the evaporation of the fluid inside is basically saturated and the volume of the fluid inside is not changed greatly. So that the fluid undergoes volume reduction to thereby realize vibration. When the flow rate difference is reduced to a certain extent, the internal fluid starts to enter a steady state again, and heating is needed to evaporate and expand the fluid again, so that a starting heat source is needed for heating.

The steady state of the fluid is judged according to the flow rate difference or the accumulation of the flow rate difference change, so that the result is more accurate, and the problem of error increase caused by aging due to the operation time problem is solved.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, if the flow rate in the previous time period is V1 and the flow rate in the next subsequent time period is V2, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating and the second heat source to perform heating if the difference between V2 and V1 is lower than a threshold value.

Preferably, when the second heat source performs heating and the first and third heat sources do not perform heating, if the flow rate in the previous time period is V1 and the flow rate in the next subsequent time period is V2, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to perform heating and the second heat source to stop heating if the difference between V2 and V1 is lower than a threshold value.

The operation state of the heat source is determined according to different conditions through the difference of the flow rates heated by different heaters.

Preferably, when the first and third heat sources perform heating and the second heat source does not perform heating, if the flow rate in the preceding time period is V1 and the flow rate in the adjacent following time period is V2, if V1 is V2, the heating is judged according to the following conditions:

if V1 is greater than the flow rate of the first data, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to stop heating, and the second heat source to perform heating; wherein the first data is greater than or equal to the flow rate of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a flow rate at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changed;

if V1 is less than or equal to the flow rate of the second data, the controller controls the first and third heat sources to continue heating and the second heat source to stop heating, wherein the second data is equal to the flow rate at which the phase change fluid does not undergo a phase change.

The first data is flow rate data in a fully heated state, and the second data is flow rate data in the absence of heating or in the beginning of heating. The judgment of the flow speed also determines whether the current heat source is in a heating state or a non-heating state, so that the operation state of the heat source is determined according to different conditions.

Preferably, when the second heat source performs heating and the first third heat source does not perform heating, if the flow rate of the middle tube box of the previous period is V1 and the flow rate of the middle tube box of the adjacent subsequent period is V2, if V1 is V2, heating is judged according to the following cases:

if V1 is greater than the flow rate of the first data, the controller controls the second heat source to stop heating and controls the first third heat source to heat; wherein the first data is equal to or less than the flow rate of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably the first data is a flow rate at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changed;

if V1 is greater than or equal to the flow rate of the second data, the controller controls the second heat source to continue heating and the first and third heat sources to stop heating, wherein the second data is equal to the flow rate at which the phase change fluid does not undergo a phase change.

Preferably, a plurality of flow velocity sensing elements are set to be n, and the flow velocity P in the current time period is calculated in sequence_iFlow rate Q of the previous time period_i-1Difference D of_i＝P_i-Q_i-1And for n flow rate differences D_iPerforming arithmetic cumulative summation

Preferably, if Y is 0, heating is judged according to the following:

if P is_iIf the arithmetic mean of the first data is larger than the flow rate of the first data, the controller controls the heating heat source to stop heating and the non-heating heat source to heat when the flow rate of the first data is lower than a threshold value; wherein the first data is greater than the flow rate of the phase-change fluid after the phase change; preferably a flow rate at which the phase change fluid is substantially phase-changed;

if P is_iIs less than a second data flow rate at which no phase change of the phase change fluid occurs, the controller controls the heated heat source to continue heating below a threshold value.

Preferably, the period of time for measuring the flow rate is 1 to 10 minutes, preferably 3 to 6 minutes, and further preferably 4 minutes.

Preferably, the flow rate is an average flow rate of the left tube group and the right tube group.

Preferably, the speed sensing element is disposed at the free end. Through setting up at the free end, can perceive the speed change of free end to realize better control and regulation.

Preferably, the heat source is an electric heater.

Preferably, the axes of the left tube, the right tube and the middle tube are connected in a straight line or on a plane.

Preferably, the pipe diameters of the left side pipe and the right side pipe are smaller than the pipe diameter of the middle pipe. The pipe diameter of the middle pipe is preferably 1.4-1.5 times of the pipe diameter of the left side pipe and the right side pipe. Through the pipe diameter setting of left side pipe, right side pipe and intermediate pipe, can guarantee that the fluid carries out the phase transition and keeps the same or close transmission speed at left side pipe, right side pipe and intermediate pipe to guarantee the homogeneity of conducting heat.

Preferably, the connection position of the coil pipe at the left channel box is lower than the connection position of the middle channel box and the coil pipe. This ensures that steam can rapidly pass up into the central tube. Similarly, the connecting position of the coil pipe at the right channel box is lower than the connecting position of the middle channel box and the coil pipe

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spray-type shell-and-tube heat exchanger which is arranged in a staggered manner from top to bottom comprises a shell, a heat exchange part, a shell pass inlet connecting pipe and a shell pass outlet connecting pipe; the shell pass inlet connecting pipe and the shell pass outlet connecting pipe are respectively positioned at the upper end and the lower end of the heat exchanger; the heat exchange component is arranged in the shell and fixedly connected to the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate; fluid enters from a shell pass inlet connecting pipe, exchanges heat through a heat exchange component and exits from a shell pass outlet connecting pipe; the shell side inlet connecting pipe is arranged at the upper part of the shell, and the end part of the shell side inlet connecting pipe is of a spray head structure; the heat exchange component comprises a central tube, a left tube, a right tube and a tube group, wherein the tube group comprises a left tube group and a right tube group, the left tube group is communicated with the left tube and the central tube, the right tube group is communicated with the right tube and the central tube, so that the central tube, the left tube, the right tube and the tube group form heating fluid closed circulation, the left tube and/or the central tube and/or the right tube are filled with phase-change fluid, the left tube, the central tube and the right tube are respectively provided with a first heat source, a second heat source and a third heat source, each tube group comprises a plurality of circular arc-shaped annular tubes, intervals are arranged among the adjacent annular tubes, the end parts of the adjacent annular tubes are communicated, the plurality of annular tubes form a serial structure, and the end parts of the annular tubes form free ends of the annular tubes; the central tube comprises a first tube orifice and a second tube orifice, the first tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the left tube group, the second tube orifice is connected with the inlet of the right tube group, the outlet of the left tube group is connected with the left tube, and the outlet of the right tube group is connected with the right tube; the central pipe is characterized in that along the height direction of the central pipe, a plurality of pipe groups are arranged on the same side, and the upper and lower adjacent pipe groups are arranged in a staggered manner at intervals;

a plurality of horizontal baffles are arranged in the shell, the baffles extend the whole cross section of the shell, and holes through which the heat exchange components pass are formed in the baffles; the baffle is provided with a fluid hole, and the fluid flows from the upper part to the lower part through the fluid hole;

the horizontal baffle has two types, the first type is that the distribution density of the through holes is increased from the center of the baffle to the edge of the baffle, namely the connecting position of the baffle and the shell; the second type is that the distribution density of the through holes is smaller from the center of the baffle to the edge of the baffle; a plurality of parallel baffles are arranged along the height direction, and the types of the adjacent baffles are different;

the uppermost baffle is of the first type.

2. A trickle shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the first and second nozzles are arranged on the same side of the central tube, the left and right tube banks being mirror symmetric along the plane of the central tube axis.

3. The fountain shell-and-tube heat exchanger of claim 1, wherein a first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor and a third temperature sensor are respectively arranged in the left side tube, the center tube and the right side tube for detecting the temperature in the left side tube, the center tube and the right side tube, the first temperature sensor, the second temperature sensor and the third temperature sensor are in data connection with the controller, the controller extracts the temperature data of the left channel, the right channel and the center channel according to the time sequence, the temperature difference or the accumulation of the temperature difference change is obtained by comparing the temperature data of adjacent time periods, and when the temperature data is lower than the threshold value, the controller controls whether the first heat source, the third heat source and the second heat source heat.

4. A trickle shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1 wherein a plurality of shell-side inlet connections are symmetrically arranged.