CN112081591A - Filling mining method and application of steeply inclined coal seam - Google Patents

Filling mining method and application of steeply inclined coal seam Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112081591A
CN112081591A CN202010731596.8A CN202010731596A CN112081591A CN 112081591 A CN112081591 A CN 112081591A CN 202010731596 A CN202010731596 A CN 202010731596A CN 112081591 A CN112081591 A CN 112081591A
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China
Prior art keywords
coal
mining
filling
pushing
roadway
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CN202010731596.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
成云海
赵大勇
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Shandong University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202010731596.8A priority Critical patent/CN112081591A/en
Publication of CN112081591A publication Critical patent/CN112081591A/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
    • E21C41/18—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for brown or hard coal
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C25/00—Cutting machines, i.e. for making slits approximately parallel or perpendicular to the seam
    • E21C25/68—Machines for making slits combined with equipment for removing, e.g. by loading, material won by other means
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C29/00—Propulsion of machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam
    • E21C29/02—Propulsion of machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam by means on the machine exerting a thrust against fixed supports
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/04—Safety devices
    • E21C35/046—Protection of cables or pipes for supplying power
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
    • E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
    • E21C35/20—General features of equipment for removal of chippings, e.g. for loading on conveyor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F13/00—Transport specially adapted to underground conditions
    • E21F13/06—Transport of mined material at or adjacent to the working face
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
    • E21F15/00—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings
    • E21F15/005—Methods or devices for placing filling-up materials in underground workings characterised by the kind or composition of the backfilling material

Abstract

The invention provides a filling mining method for a steep coal seam, which is a coal mining method for mining by using a temporary support type continuous mining machine and a self-flowing filling branch roadway of the steep coal seam. At present, the steep coal seam generally adopts a flexible shield support blasting production process, the efficiency is low, the safety is poor, the working environment is severe and is forbidden by local governments, and the problem can be effectively solved by using the method.

Description

Filling mining method and application of steeply inclined coal seam
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mining transportation, and particularly relates to a filling mining method of a steep coal seam and application thereof.
Background
At present, the steep coal seam generally adopts a flexible shield support blast mining production process, the efficiency is low, the safety is poor, the working environment is severe, and the process is forbidden by local governments, but a common continuous mining machine can only be applied to a near-horizontal coal seam, and an equipment system aiming at the mature mining of the steep coal seam is not available for a long time, so that the steep coal seam cannot be fully mined and utilized, and the resource waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a filling mining method for a steeply inclined coal seam and application thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a filling mining method for a steep coal seam comprises the following steps:
(1) tunneling a transportation lane, a return airway and cutting holes: tunneling a transport lane and an air return lane according to the trend of the longwall face system, arranging a coal gangue rubber belt conveyor and a mixed slurry pipeline at the upper air return lane, and arranging a raw coal scraper conveyor at the lower transport lane; a pseudo-inclined side cut hole with a pseudo-inclination angle not more than 45 degrees is formed by a steeply inclined continuous mining machine with a temporary support at the designed cut hole position and is used as a permanent ventilation pedestrian passage of the working surface;
(2) and then, mining a pseudo inclined branch roadway Z1 with the width of 3-8M at a position 3-8M away from the side cut hole by using a steeply inclined self-supporting type continuous mining machine, reserving a coal pillar M1 with the width of 3-8M to mine Z2 after mining, sequentially mining branch roadways Z3, Z4, Z5 and the like, and reserving a plurality of coal pillars M2, M3, M4 and the like.
(3) A gangue throwing hole is built from the ground to the underground, and gangue is transported to an upper port of a Z1 branch roadway by a gangue belt conveyor 17; meanwhile, a ground pulping station is constructed to stir the fly ash, the cement and other additives into mixed slurry, and the mixed slurry is conveyed to the upper opening of the Z1 branch roadway through a mixed slurry pipeline 16.
(4) The lower opening of the branch lane Z1 is sealed by a slurry blocking robot 4 with the patent application number of CN201921954702.8, the slurry blocking robot has the function of detecting slurry pressure, and an alarm can be given when the pressure value reaches the slurry blocking rated value of the robot.
(5) And (3) simultaneously throwing waste rocks and mixed slurry at the upper opening of the branch lane Z1, stirring the waste rocks and the mixed slurry uniformly when the waste rocks and the mixed slurry roll and slide downwards, monitoring the pressure of the slurry on the slurry blocking robot 4 at any time, stopping filling when alarming, and continuing filling when the pressure is reduced below a set pressure.
(6) After the filling of Z1 is finished, the slurry blocking robot 4 is moved to a lower port of Z2, and Z2, Z3, Z4 and the like are filled in sequence according to the fourth step and the fifth step.
(7) And when the strength of the roadway-supporting filling body reaches the strength designed in the design process, mining the coal pillars M1, M2, M3 and the like by using a steeply inclined continuous mining machine with a temporary support.
(8) Then filling M1, M2, M3 and the like according to the steps, wherein only the lower head 3-8M can be filled to meet the requirement of roadway retaining.
The continuous mining machine comprises a coal mining device, a coal loading mechanism, a coal conveying mechanism, a pushing mechanism and a pipe cable air duct supporting and moving device, wherein the coal mining device is a cutting head driven by a hydraulic motor; the coal loading mechanism is a crab claw type loader driven by a motor; the coal conveying mechanism is a motor-driven scraper conveyor, and conveys coal out of the continuous mining machine and then automatically flows to the drift reversed loader 13; the coal mining device is connected with a pushing mechanism, the pushing mechanism comprises a front base and a rear base, the front base and the rear base are connected through a pushing oil cylinder, front compression columns are arranged on two sides of the front base, and rear compression columns are arranged on two sides of the rear base. The pipe cable air duct supporting and moving device consists of a synchronous winch, a guide pulley and a steel wire rope, wherein the guide pulley is arranged on the front base and is connected with the synchronous winch arranged in the lower drift through the steel wire rope, and the continuous mining machine further comprises a motor and an oil pump which provide hydraulic energy for the whole machine; the hydraulic motor, the pushing cylinder, the synchronous winch, the front pressure column cylinder for controlling the front pressure column and the rear pressure column cylinder for controlling the rear pressure column are all controlled by a control system, and the control system is integrated in a remote controller.
The use method of the steep self-provided temporary support type continuous mining machine comprises the following steps:
two front compression columns are lowered to a certain height, a pushing cylinder is used for pushing a coal mining part to move forwards for coal cutting, when the maximum stroke L of the pushing cylinder is reached, the coal cutting is stopped, the front compression columns are lifted to serve as temporary supports, anchor rod supporting is carried out under the shielding of the temporary supports, then the rear compression columns are lowered to withdraw a pushing jack, the rear compression columns are moved upwards by a distance L and then lifted, and meanwhile, a synchronous winch is started to move a steel wire rope upwards by the same distance L to enter the next coal cutting cycle. The supporting time is selected according to the roof condition, and the supporting time can be arranged in front of the continuous mining machine or behind the continuous mining machine. If the top plate is hard and does not need to be supported, the roof plate can be controlled in a lower roadway centralized control room, and unattended operation of a working face is realized. After one branch roadway is mined, the steeply inclined continuous miner with the temporary support is withdrawn from top to bottom, only the rear compression leg and the pushing cylinder are used at the moment, the whole mining machine moves downwards, the operation method is that the rear compression leg is lowered, the pushing cylinder is retracted, the continuous miner moves downwards for a certain distance L, and meanwhile, float coal is cleaned up. And repeating the operation to enable the continuous mining machine to retreat to the lower roadway for mining coal of the next branch roadway.
The coal mining method is also suitable for mining third-cut coal briquettes of a coal seam with an inclination angle between 12 ℃ and 45 ℃.
The continuous mining machine is provided with the front compression leg and the rear compression leg which can be alternately used to form temporary support, the pushing oil cylinder is arranged to push the coal mining device to advance and realize continuous coal mining, and the pipe cable air duct supporting and moving device is a device for providing a power cable, a ventilation air duct, a dust-fall and cooling water pipe and a control cable for the continuous mining machine to randomly move forward and backward. The invention can realize the coal mining of the inclined coal seam, and has safety guarantee even if personnel is required to enter the anchor bolt support due to the existence of temporary support, so that the coal mining of the steeply inclined coal seam is safe and efficient.
Utilize coal seam natural gradient, rely on the natural force to fill, during the filling, thick liquid and waste rock are at the in-process mixing that falls down, make the obturator more firm.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall arrangement of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view in the direction of FIG. 1A-A of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the continuous miner of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the continuous miner A-A of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a control system of the continuous miner.
1-upper drift, 2-lower drift, 3-coal mining device, 4-slurry (coal) blocking robot, 5-pushing mechanism, 6-synchronous winch, 7-guide pulley, 8-front pressing column, 9-rear pressing column, 10-pushing oil cylinder, 11-coal conveying mechanism 12-coal loading mechanism, 13-scraper conveyer, 14-filling body, 15-edge cutting hole, 16-mixed slurry pipeline and 17-coal gangue rubber belt conveyer.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example (b):
a filling mining method for a steep coal seam comprises the following steps,
(1) tunneling a transportation lane, a return airway and cutting holes: tunneling a transport lane (a lower drift 2) and an air return lane (an upper drift 1) according to the trend of the longwall face system, arranging a coal gangue rubber belt conveyor 17 and a mixed slurry pipeline 16 at the upper air return lane, and arranging a raw coal scraper conveyor 13 at the lower transport lane; a pseudo-inclined side cut hole 15 with a pseudo-inclination angle not greater than 45 degrees is formed by a steeply inclined continuous mining machine with a temporary support at the designed cut hole position and is used as a permanent ventilation pedestrian passage of the working face;
(2) then, mining a pseudo inclined branch roadway Z1 with the width of 3-8m at a position 3-8m away from an edge cut hole by using a steep self-supporting continuous mining machine, wherein the steep self-supporting continuous mining machine for the coal seam comprises a coal mining device 3, a coal loading mechanism 12, a coal conveying mechanism 11, a pushing mechanism 5 and a pipe cable air duct supporting and moving device, and the coal mining device 3 is a cutting head driven by a hydraulic motor; the coal charging mechanism is a crab claw type loader 12 driven by a motor; the coal conveying mechanism is a scraper conveyor 11 driven by a motor; the coal mining device 3 is connected with a pushing mechanism, the pushing mechanism 5 comprises a front base and a rear base, the front base and the rear base are connected through a pushing oil cylinder 10, front compression columns 8 are arranged on two sides of the front base, and rear compression columns 9 are arranged on two sides of the rear base. The pipe cable air duct supporting and moving device consists of a synchronous winch 6, a guide pulley 7 and a steel wire rope, wherein the guide pulley 7 is arranged on the front base and is connected with the synchronous winch arranged in the lower drift through the steel wire rope, and the continuous mining machine further comprises a motor and an oil pump which provide hydraulic energy for the whole machine; the remote controller for controlling the continuous miner can control all functions.
During coal mining, the continuous miner is assembled at a pre-cut position of a lower roadway, the front compression leg 8 is lowered to a certain height, the pushing cylinder 10 is used for pushing the coal mining part 3 to move forwards for coal cutting, the coal loading mechanism 12 and the coal conveying mechanism 11 are started simultaneously, coal cutting is stopped when the maximum stroke L of the moving cylinder 10 is reached, the front compression leg 8 is lifted to serve as a temporary support, a roof is supported by an anchor rod under the shielding of the temporary support, the rear compression leg 9 is lowered after the support is finished, the pushing cylinder 10 is retracted, the rear compression leg 9 is moved upwards by a distance L, and the synchronous winch 6 is started simultaneously to move a steel wire rope upwards by the same distance L to enter the next coal cutting cycle. The supporting time is selected according to the roof condition, and the supporting time can be arranged in front of the continuous mining machine or behind the continuous mining machine. If the top plate is hard and does not need to be supported, the roof plate can be controlled in a lower roadway centralized control room, and unattended operation of a working face is realized. After one branch roadway is mined, the continuous mining machine is withdrawn from top to bottom, only the rear compression leg 9 and the pushing cylinder 10 are used at the moment, the whole machine moves downwards, the operation method is that the rear compression leg 9 is lowered, the pushing cylinder 10 is withdrawn, the steeply inclined continuous mining machine with the temporary support is withdrawn downwards for a distance L, and meanwhile, float coal is cleaned up. Repeating the operation to withdraw the continuous miner to the lower level. And (4) dragging to the next place by using a winch to mine the coal. And mining branch roadways Z3, Z4, Z5 and the like in sequence, and reserving a plurality of coal pillars M2, M3, M4 and the like.
(3) A gangue throwing hole is built from the ground to the underground, and gangue is transported to an upper port of a Z1 branch roadway by a gangue belt conveyor 17; meanwhile, a ground pulping station is constructed to stir the fly ash, the cement and other additives into mixed slurry, and the mixed slurry is conveyed to the upper opening of the Z1 branch roadway through a mixed slurry pipeline 16.
(4) The lower opening of the branch lane Z1 is sealed by a slurry blocking robot 4 with the patent application number of CN201921954702.8, the slurry blocking robot 4 has the function of detecting slurry pressure, and an alarm can be given when the pressure value reaches the slurry blocking rated value of the robot.
(5) And (3) simultaneously throwing waste rocks and mixed slurry at the upper opening of the branch lane Z1, stirring the waste rocks and the mixed slurry uniformly when the waste rocks and the mixed slurry roll and slide downwards, monitoring the pressure of the slurry on the slurry blocking robot 4 at any time, stopping filling when alarming, and continuing filling when the pressure is reduced below a set pressure.
(6) After the filling of Z1 is finished, the slurry blocking robot 4 is moved to a lower port of Z2, and Z2, Z3, Z4 and the like are filled in sequence according to the fourth step and the fifth step.
(7) When the strength of the filling body of the branch roadway reaches the design (different mine pressures are closely related to the strength of surrounding rocks), mining the coal pillars M1, M2, M3 and the like by using a steeply inclined continuous mining machine with a temporary support.
(8) Then filling M1, M2, M3 and the like according to the steps, wherein only 3-8M of the lower end can be filled to meet the requirement of roadway retaining.

Claims (4)

1. A filling mining method for a steep coal seam is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of,
(1) tunneling a transportation lane, a return airway and cutting holes: tunneling a transport lane and an air return lane according to the trend of the longwall face system, arranging a coal gangue rubber belt conveyor and a mixed slurry pipeline at the upper air return lane, and arranging a raw coal scraper conveyor at the lower transport lane; a pseudo-inclined side cut hole with a pseudo-inclination angle not more than 45 degrees is formed by a steeply inclined continuous mining machine with a temporary support at the designed cut hole position and is used as a permanent ventilation pedestrian passage of the working surface;
(2) then, mining a pseudo inclined branch roadway Z1 with the width of 3-8M at a position 3-8M away from the side cut hole by using a steeply inclined self-supporting type continuous mining machine, reserving a coal pillar M1 with the width of 3-8M to mine Z2 after mining, sequentially mining branch roadways Z3, Z4, Z5 and the like, and reserving a plurality of coal pillars M2, M3, M4 and the like;
(3) a gangue throwing hole is built from the ground to the underground, and gangue is transported to an upper port of a Z1 branch roadway by a gangue belt conveyor 17; meanwhile, a ground pulping station is constructed to stir the fly ash, the cement and other additives into mixed slurry, and the mixed slurry is conveyed to the upper opening of the Z1 branch roadway through a mixed slurry pipeline 16;
(4) the lower port of the branch lane Z1 is sealed by a pulp blocking robot 4, the pulp blocking robot has a pulp pressure detection function, and an alarm can be given when the pressure value reaches the pulp blocking rated value of the robot;
(5) simultaneously throwing waste rock and mixed slurry at the upper opening of a branch lane Z1, stirring the waste rock and the mixed slurry uniformly when the waste rock and the mixed slurry slide downwards in a rolling manner, monitoring the pressure of the slurry on the slurry blocking robot 4 at any time, stopping filling when alarming, and continuing filling when the pressure is reduced below a set pressure;
(6) after the filling of Z1 is finished, moving the pulp blocking robot 4 to a lower opening of Z2, and filling Z2, Z3, Z4 and the like in sequence according to the fourth step and the fifth step;
(7) when the strength of the roadway-supporting filling body reaches the strength designed in the design process, mining the coal pillars M1, M2, M3 and the like by using a steeply inclined self-supporting continuous mining machine;
then filling M1, M2, M3 and the like according to the steps, wherein only the lower head 3-8M can be filled to meet the requirement of roadway retaining.
2. The cut-and-fill mining method for steeply dipping coal seams as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the continuous mining machine comprises a coal mining device, a coal loading mechanism, a coal conveying mechanism, a pushing mechanism and a pipe cable air duct supporting and moving device, wherein the coal mining device is a cutting head driven by a hydraulic motor; the coal loading mechanism is a crab claw type loader driven by a motor; the coal conveying mechanism is a motor-driven scraper conveyor, the coal mining device is connected with a pushing mechanism, the pushing mechanism comprises a front base and a rear base, the front base and the rear base are connected through a pushing oil cylinder, front compression columns are arranged on two sides of the front base, and rear compression columns are arranged on two sides of the rear base; the pipe cable air duct supporting and moving device consists of a synchronous winch, a guide pulley and a steel wire rope, wherein the guide pulley is arranged on the front base and is connected with the synchronous winch arranged in the lower drift through the steel wire rope, and the continuous mining machine further comprises a motor and an oil pump which provide hydraulic energy for the whole machine; the hydraulic motor, the pushing cylinder, the synchronous winch, the front pressure column cylinder for controlling the front pressure column and the rear pressure column cylinder for controlling the rear pressure column are connected with a control system, and the control system is integrated in a remote controller.
3. The cut-and-fill mining method for steeply dipping coal seams as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the use method of the steep self-provided temporary support type continuous mining machine comprises the following steps:
two front compression columns are lowered to a certain height, a pushing oil cylinder is used for pushing a coal mining part to move forwards for coal cutting, when the maximum stroke L of the pushing oil cylinder is reached, the coal cutting is stopped, the front compression columns are lifted to serve as temporary supports, anchor rod supporting is carried out under the shielding of the temporary supports, then the rear compression columns are lowered to be retracted to a pushing jack, the rear compression columns are moved upwards by the distance L and then lifted, and meanwhile, a synchronous winch is started to move a steel wire rope upwards by the same distance L to enter the next coal cutting cycle; selecting a supporting occasion according to the roof condition, wherein the supporting occasion can be arranged in front of the continuous mining machine or behind the continuous mining machine; if the top plate is hard and does not need to be supported, the control can be carried out in a lower roadway centralized control room, and unattended operation of a working face is realized; after one branch roadway is mined, the steeply inclined continuous miner with the temporary support is withdrawn from top to bottom, only the rear compression leg and the pushing cylinder are used at the moment, the whole mining machine moves downwards, the operation method is that the rear compression leg is lowered, the pushing cylinder is retracted, the continuous miner moves downwards for a certain distance L, and meanwhile, float coal is cleaned up. And repeating the operation to enable the continuous mining machine to retreat to the lower roadway for mining coal of the next branch roadway.
4. The application of the filling mining method for the steeply inclined coal seam according to the claims 1, 2 and 3 is characterized in that: the coal mining method is also suitable for mining three-down pressed coal of a coal bed with an inclination angle between 12 ℃ and 45 ℃.
CN202010731596.8A 2020-07-27 2020-07-27 Filling mining method and application of steeply inclined coal seam Pending CN112081591A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010731596.8A CN112081591A (en) 2020-07-27 2020-07-27 Filling mining method and application of steeply inclined coal seam

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010731596.8A CN112081591A (en) 2020-07-27 2020-07-27 Filling mining method and application of steeply inclined coal seam

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