CN112080310A

CN112080310A - Operation method of waste tire pyrolysis reaction furnace

Info

Publication number: CN112080310A
Application number: CN202011068268.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨松
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Ding Daoyong
Priority date: 2020-10-08
Filing date: 2020-10-08
Publication date: 2020-12-15
Anticipated expiration: 2040-10-08
Also published as: CN112080310B

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an operation method of a waste tire pyrolysis reaction furnace. The method is characterized in that: the outer surface of the rotary rake roller body is spirally distributed with rake nails, and by adjusting the included angle between the rake nails and the section of the rotary rake roller body, the rake nails with the quantity apply downward thrust to the rubber block along with the rotation of the rotary rake roller body, the rake nails with the quantity of ¼ apply upward thrust to the rubber block along with the rotation of the rotary rake roller body, the rake nails apply downward thrust to the rubber block to help the smooth discharge of the asphalt jelly and the steel wire cluster, the resultant force of the two kinds of rake nails forms a rubbing cutting effect on the rubber block, the pyrolytic carbon crust is rubbed and broken to make the rubber block continue to be pyrolyzed, and simultaneously the rubber block accumulation layer is stirred to form a gap, so that pyrolytic oil gas can escape from the gap of the accumulation layer, and the pyrolytic oil gas flows upwards to transfer heat with the rubber block, and the gas-liquid-solid heat transfer efficiency far exceeds the gas-solid heat transfer.

Description

Operation method of waste tire pyrolysis reaction furnace

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to an operation method of a waste tire pyrolysis reaction furnace.

Background

Waste tires are common solid waste pollutants, people recycle the waste tires through a plurality of ways to realize harmless treatment, and the preparation of fuel oil and carbon black through the pyrolysis of the waste tires is one of the solutions. The invention discloses a Chinese patent (patent application number is 02112328.4, the patent name is a vertical cracking tower for cracking and recovering industrial carbon black and fuel oil from waste tires), which is characterized in that the invention is provided with a closed vertical tower body, the upper end of the tower body is provided with an upper scraping stirring device, a tire feed inlet and a cracking gas outlet, the tower body is internally provided with an upper hollow heating disc and a lower hollow cooling disc in sequence, and the upper hollow heating disc and the lower hollow cooling disc are respectively communicated with a flue gas distribution system and a cooling water inlet and outlet header outside the tower body, and the tower body is provided with a lower scraping stirring device and a tower bottom carbon black outlet. The cracking tower has the advantages of high operation flexibility, good cracking performance, continuous and reliable operation and low labor intensity, and is thermal cracking equipment with good performance. The main characteristics are as follows: 1) the energy consumption is low; 2) the regulation and control are convenient, and the adaptability is strong; 3) the operation is closed, no impurities enter, no cracking gas leaks, and the quality and the safety are ensured; 4) the equipment is light in weight, adopts a vertical structure and occupies small area; 5) the operation is stable and the operation is convenient. The invention Chinese patent (patent application number is 201610787571.3, the patent name is junked tire thermal cracking device) discloses a junked tire thermal cracking device, which comprises a junked tire crushing device, a thermal cracking furnace, an oil gas recovery system, a smoke discharge system and a solid material recovery system, wherein the thermal cracking furnace is provided with a furnace body, a vertically arranged hearth is arranged in the furnace body, a heat preservation shell is arranged outside the furnace body, the upper part of the furnace body is provided with a feed inlet, a smoke discharge port and an oil gas outlet, and the lower part of the furnace body is provided with a solid material discharge port connected with the solid material recovery system; the smoke discharge port is connected with a smoke discharge system through a smoke discharge pipe, and the oil gas outlet is connected with an oil gas recovery system through an oil gas discharge pipe; a closed hearth body is arranged in the hearth, an inner feed pipe connected with the feed inlet and an inner oil gas pipe connected with the oil gas outlet are arranged at the upper end of the hearth body, a smoke passing chamber is arranged between the inner wall of the hearth and the hearth body, a smoke discharge port is communicated with the smoke passing chamber, and an inner discharge pipe connected with a solid material discharge port is arranged at the lower end of the furnace body; the lower part of the furnace body is provided with a combustion chamber communicated with the smoke passing chamber; the central part of the furnace bed body is provided with a rotary mandrel, a plurality of layers of material chambers are arranged in the furnace bed body from top to bottom, the rotary mandrel is provided with a stir-frying device extending into each material chamber, a furnace section is arranged between adjacent material chambers and comprises a middle shaft tube, an upper annular plate and a lower annular plate, the inner edges of the upper annular plate and the lower annular plate are butted with the upper edge and the lower edge of the middle shaft tube, the outer edges of the upper annular plate and the lower annular plate are butted with the wall of the furnace bed body, a middle annular clapboard is arranged between the upper annular plate and the lower annular plate, the outer ring surface of the middle annular clapboard is connected with the inner wall of the furnace chamber, an upper smoke outlet window is arranged between the outer edge of the upper annular plate and the middle annular clapboard, a lower smoke inlet window is arranged between the outer edge of the lower annular plate and the middle annular clapboard, a smoke passage is arranged between the inner ring surface of the middle annular clapboard and the, the furnace section of the blanking channel arranged between the middle shaft tube and the rotary mandrel is an inner blanking-shaped furnace section; the furnace section of the blanking channel, which is arranged between the upper and lower annular disc sheets close to the outer edge, is an outer blanking-shaped furnace section, the inner blanking-shaped furnace section and the outer blanking-shaped furnace section are arranged at intervals, the stir-frying device comprises a plurality of stir-frying sheet arms fixed with the rotating mandrel, and stir-frying sheets which are arranged towards the blanking channel are arranged along the lower surfaces of the stir-frying sheet arms; the solid material recovery system is provided with a jacket type spiral cooling conveyor, the jacket type spiral cooling conveyor comprises a shell with a water-cooled jacket, a spiral conveying mechanism is arranged in the shell, a feed inlet of the shell is butted with a solid material discharge port of a thermal cracking furnace body, a double-roll crusher is arranged at a discharge port of the shell, a rubber conveying belt is arranged below the discharge port of the shell, a magnet is arranged at the lower part of the rubber conveying belt, and a steel wire receiving hopper is arranged at the discharge end of the rubber conveying belt; and a carbon suction draught fan is arranged above the rubber conveyer belt, a carbon suction nozzle of the carbon suction draught fan is arranged right opposite to the rubber conveyer belt, and an exhaust pipe of the carbon suction draught fan is connected with a dust removal system.

The vertical cracking tower for cracking and recovering industrial carbon black and fuel oil from waste tires in the prior art provides a solution for preparing fuel oil and continuously producing carbon black by cracking the waste tires, the vertical cracking tower designs a multi-stage tower tray (hollow disc) by referring to the working principle of a plate tower, but the plate tower is suitable for gas-liquid two-phase fluid and is not suitable for waste tire rubber blocks, and the rubber blocks containing steel wires are adopted in the vertical cracking tower, the reason is simple, the rubber blocks in the cracking state are thick jelly, a channel for fluid flowing in the hollow disc is blocked, so that the cracking reaction process is stopped, and agglomerated steel wires are sunk into rake blades and the disc except for blocking a flowing channel, so that a stirring shaft is locked; the reaction kettle working principle of the two waste tire thermal cracking devices in the prior art is similar to that of an external heating sleeve and a built-in stirrer, a smoke passing chamber between the inner wall of a hearth and a hearth body heats the hearth body through high-temperature smoke, waste tire rubber blocks are fried and mixed through a rotary mandrel and a frying piece arm, and in order to increase the heat exchange area, smoke passing channels are designed for an upper annular disc and a lower annular disc to pass through the high-temperature smoke.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a method for operating a pyrolysis reactor for waste tires, comprising:

the method comprises the steps that firstly, waste tires are crushed into rubber blocks with the size of 3-4 cm, the rubber blocks are weighed by a self-weighing trolley and then are conveyed to a three-section bell jar feeding mechanism along a lifting track under the drive of a pulley traction assembly, the rubber blocks of the waste tires conveyed by a bucket lifting trolley mechanism are stacked in a first-section bell jar storage bin, the stacking amount accounts for the volume of a first-section hopper body, the first-section bell jar storage bin and a last-section bell jar storage bin are both in a sealed state, inert tail gas is output from a tail gas recovery buffer tank and enters the first-section hopper body through an outer annular air passage of an inner partition bin assembly and an outer partition bin assembly to be swept, air in the first-section bell jar storage bin is extruded and discharged, the multistage steam ejector assembly comprises a first-stage ejector, a second-stage ejector, a third-stage ejector, a middle condenser and a last-stage ejector, and the vacuum degree.

And secondly, connecting the pin shaft assembly with an upper bell jar through a suspender, controlling the upper bell jar to move downwards, separating the upper bell jar from an upper bell jar seat, driving a rubber block to fall into a middle hopper body under the action of gravity, immediately actuating the pin shaft assembly when the accumulation amount of the rubber block reaches the microspheres volume of the middle hopper body, upwards moving the upper bell jar to be matched and tightly attached with the upper bell jar seat to form a sealing surface, outputting inert tail gas from a tail gas recovery buffer tank, entering the middle hopper body through an outer annular air passage of an inner compartment assembly and an outer compartment assembly to purge for 30-40 s, extruding and discharging air in the gap of the rubber block, and enabling the middle hopper body to be in a sealing state again after the inert tail gas purging is stopped, wherein the inert tail gas is the exhaust gas after the high-temperature flue gas output by a pyrolysis gas combustion kiln is recycled and subjected to heat exchange through a vertical pyrolysis tower body and a rotary.

And thirdly, the rotary ball assembly is connected with the middle bell jar through a hanging chain, the middle bell jar is controlled to move downwards, the rubber blocks are driven by gravity to fall into the tail section hopper body, the rotary ball assembly acts immediately when the accumulation amount of the rubber blocks reaches the volume of the microspheres of the tail section hopper body, the middle bell jar moves upwards to be matched and attached with the middle bell jar seat to form a sealing surface, the multi-stage steam ejector assembly is started, steam fluid works, the steam adiabatically expands in the spray pipe, the flow rate of the steam at the outlet of the spray pipe is increased while the pressure is reduced, the inert tail gas in the gap of the rubber blocks of the tail section hopper body is drained and separated, the multi-stage steam ejector assembly stops working after the vacuum degree is controlled to be 1000-1300 Pa, the pull rod assembly is connected with the lower bell jar through a hanging wire, the lower bell jar is controlled to move downwards, and the rubber blocks are.

Fourthly, arranging the rake nails on the outer surface of the rotary rake roller body in a spiral line-like manner, applying downward thrust to the rubber block by adjusting the included angle between the rake nails and the section of the rotary rake roller body, applying upward thrust to the rubber block by the rake nails in the amount of ¼ along with the rotation of the rotary rake roller body, applying downward thrust to the rubber block by the rake nails to help the asphalt jelly and the steel wire cluster to be smoothly discharged, forming a twisting action on the rubber block by the resultant force of the two rake nails, twisting the pyrolytic carbon hard shell to continuously pyrolyze the rubber block, stirring the accumulation layer of the rubber block to form a gap, allowing pyrolytic oil gas to escape from the gap of the accumulation layer, and transferring heat with the rubber block in the process of upward flowing of the pyrolytic oil gas, wherein the gas-liquid-solid heat transfer efficiency is far higher than that of the rotary rake roller body and the rubber block solid heat transfer efficiency; cross support frames are arranged at two ends in the rotary harrow roller body, the cross support frames fix the helical blades through tubular shafts, high-temperature smoke at 450-500 ℃ spirally rises along a channel formed by the helical blades, and the rotary harrow roller body is uniformly heated; the vertical pyrolysis tower body is provided with a jacket through which high-temperature flue gas at 450-500 ℃ flows, the jacket is internally provided with a hollow helical blade, the high-temperature flue gas spirally rises along a channel formed by the hollow helical blade to uniformly heat the vertical pyrolysis tower body, and a pyrolysis oil gas outlet is formed in the upper part of the vertical pyrolysis tower body.

Fifthly, the harrow nails on the roller surface of the rotary harrow roller apply downward thrust to the rubber block to help the asphalt jelly and the steel wire cluster move downward, the harrow nails form a twisting and cutting action to the rubber block, the pyrolytic carbon hard shell is twisted and broken to enable the rubber block to fully finish the pyrolytic process to form pyrolytic carbon, in order to enable the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster to smoothly move downward for discharging from an annular reaction chamber between the rotary harrow roller and the vertical pyrolytic tower body, a W-shaped discharging disk body is designed to be matched with the annular reaction chamber to bear the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster, the section of the W-shaped discharging disk body is saddle-shaped, the center of the W-shaped discharging disk body is fixedly connected with the rotary harrow roller and rotates together, an annular deep groove is designed on the outer edge, so that the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster uniformly fall into the annular deep groove of the discharging disk body from the annular reaction chamber, the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster are lifted by a scraper obliquely installed, a shaftless spiral blade installed, avoid the steel wire group to block up ox head discharge gate.

Step six, when the rotary harrow roller drives the discharge disc body to work, the static ring friction pair is designed to be in a wedge shape, the spiral spring pressing device can provide axial and radial compensation for the wedge-shaped friction ring, when the wedge-shaped friction ring needs to provide positive direction radial compensation, trisection inner rings tightly attached and fixed on the outer circular wall of the wedge-shaped friction ring are opened, overlapped blade springs work, two adjacent plates are sequentially overlapped, the tail end of the front plate is used as a fulcrum of the rear plate, the rear plate generates bending deformation around the fulcrum to play a spring role, the direction of elastic deformation of each plate points to the circle center, when the inner rings are opened to a certain amount, the outer ring restrains a grid plate curtain belt formed by the plates, the direction of the bending deformation of the plates is led to point to the circle center, cooling water in a water tank is injected into the static ring friction pair and the spiral spring pressing device through a water-cooling discharge pipe, so that the static ring friction, a pressure water injection channel and a steam exhaust hole are designed in the wedge-shaped friction ring, cooling water pressure is injected into a sealing surface of the friction pair through a water pump to play a lubricating role, steam generated at the same time forms inert gas protection, water-vapor mixture generated by heating cooling water injected through the pressure water injection channel rises from the steam exhaust hole through a plate gap of the overlapped blade spring and is exhausted to a water tank, and a natural water circulation loop is formed by the water tank, a water-cooling exhaust pipe, the static ring friction pair and a plate gap channel.

The inventor finds that the tire consists of an outer tire, an inner tire and a cushion belt, the outer tire consists of three main parts, namely a tire body, a tire tread and a tire bead, the tire body is formed by attaching a plurality of layers of rubberized cord fabrics according to a certain angle, and the cord fabrics are usually made of high-strength steel wires and synthetic fiber rubberized fabrics; the tread contacts with the ground and is made of heat-resistant and shear-resistant rubber materials; the tyre bead is used for tightly fixing the tyre on a wheel rim, and mainly comprises a steel wire ring, triangular filling rubber and steel wire ring wrapping cloth. The pneumatic tire can be classified into a car tire, a truck tire, an agricultural tire, an engineering tire, a special vehicle tire, an aircraft tire, a motorcycle tire and a bicycle tire according to the application of the pneumatic tire, and the recycled waste tire is generally a car tire, a truck tire, an agricultural tire, a motorcycle tire and a bicycle tire, and the structure of the waste tire is generally an oblique tire and a radial tire. The recovered waste tires are used for building fillers, highway fillers, regenerated rubber preparation, fuel oil and carbon black preparation by pyrolysis and the like.

The inventor finds that the process for preparing fuel oil and carbon black by pyrolyzing waste tires requires the processes to be carried out in a vacuum, inert gas protection and anaerobic closed environment, and the process is currently put into industrial production methods such as reaction kettle pyrolysis, rotary reaction furnace pyrolysis, vertical tower pyrolysis and the like. Although the pyrolysis method of the reaction kettle has the advantage that the whole material is fed without being crushed, the pyrolysis method has high energy consumption and low finished product yield and is difficult to popularize due to the reason that continuous production cannot be realized; the rotary reaction furnace pyrolysis method is difficult to popularize due to the reasons that feeding and discharging are difficult, pollutants are easy to leak through high-temperature dynamic sealing and the like; the vertical tower pyrolysis method has the advantages from the thermodynamic point of view undoubtedly compared with the first two methods, the power of the material from top to bottom is provided by gravity, the hot air completes heat exchange with the material from bottom to top, the feeding and discharging and the heat exchange are easy to implement, the vertical tower is static equipment, and the high-temperature sealing problem is easy to solve, but the technical problem that a discharge channel is blocked by a rubber jelly and a steel wire ball which are reformed after long chain breakage of rubber exists in the pyrolysis process of the waste tires, the surface of the waste tires is further pyrolyzed to generate pyrolytic carbon crust and the interior of the waste tires is prevented from being pyrolyzed continuously, and the technical problem that the pyrolysis efficiency is low due to the low thermal conductivity of the waste.

The inventor finds that pyrolysis of waste tires is mainly aimed at recycling pyrolysis oil and pyrolysis carbon to further prepare products such as fuel oil, carbon black and the like, and the pyrolysis gas is uneconomical if the pyrolysis gas is used as a main product, because higher pyrolysis temperature (550 ℃ C.) is required for increasing the yield of the pyrolysis gas600 ℃) can be used for breaking the pyrolysis oil chain hydrocarbon with larger molecular weight to generate pyrolysis gas mainly comprising methane, ethane, ethylene, propylene and other components with smaller molecular weight, a part of energy is wasted on breaking the molecular chain due to higher pyrolysis temperature, and the pyrolysis gas generated by degrading the pyrolysis oil is flammable and explosive and is not easy to store and transport; in order to reduce the manufacturing cost of the pyrolysis reaction furnace and meet the requirements of mechanical processing, Q345R steel is selected as a furnace body material, the allowable stress requirement of the Q345R steel at high temperature is considered, namely the steel is used at the temperature of not more than 475 ℃, the comprehensive consideration of the factors is taken, the pyrolysis process temperature of the waste tires is designed to be 350-400 ℃, the heat source for pyrolyzing the waste tires is high-temperature flue gas generated by recycling pyrolysis gas, the pyrolysis gas is non-condensable combustible gas after pyrolysis oil is condensed at normal temperature, and the low-grade heat value is 17-54 MJ/Nm³. Due to the requirements of heat transfer efficiency and heat transfer temperature difference, the temperature of flue gas from the outlet of the waste tire pyrolysis gas combustion kiln to the jacket of the vertical pyrolysis tower body and the inlet of the rotary rake roller is controlled to be 550-560 ℃, the temperature of flue gas after heat exchange of the vertical pyrolysis tower body and the rotary rake roller is 410-420 ℃, and the average temperature difference of heat transfer is 140 ℃, so that the pyrolysis gas combustion kiln can regulate and control the temperature of high-temperature flue gas generated by pyrolysis gas combustion, a cold source is required to be introduced to be mixed with the high-temperature flue gas, and the temperature required by a pyrolysis process is achieved by regulating the component ratio of.

The inventor finds that in the waste tire pyrolysis process, the requirements of material balance, water (steam) balance and energy balance and the total targets of saving energy, reducing emission and recycling, the oxygen content of the exhaust gas after the high-temperature flue gas output by the pyrolysis gas combustion kiln is subjected to heat exchange through the vertical pyrolysis tower body and the rotary rake roller is reduced to be less than 3%, the temperature is 410-420 ℃, the pressure bearing of the rotary rake roller under the dynamic seal high-temperature working condition is limited, and the designed absolute pressure is not more than 105kPa, so that the pressure index of the exhaust gas is lower than the pressure requirements of a secondary air inlet of a combustor and a cold source at an inlet of the pyrolysis gas combustion kiln of 112-118 kPa, and the exhaust gas cannot be directly recycled. According to the operating principle of turbocharging, considering that the pressure of the discharged waste gas is low, selecting an axial air inlet and vertical upward exhaust mode with small pressure loss at the air inlet end, and using a cantilever type rotor structure, the discharged waste gas is expanded through a static blade grid and a movable blade wheel to do work, the heat energy is converted into mechanical energy for rotating the movable blade wheel, the movable blade wheel drives a planetary speed increaser to drive the air turbine, the air turbine pumps the air to pressurize and enter a combustor, a blower required by premixed air conveyed by the combustor is replaced, but the absolute pressure of an inlet of the discharged waste gas is 105kPa, an outlet of the discharged waste gas is directly communicated with a chimney, namely, the backpressure of a waste gas turbine is 101 kPa, the pressure difference of the inlet and the outlet is not enough to overcome the pressure loss of a flow passage of the static blade grid and the movable blade wheel to cause the rotation, the outlet pressure of the discharged waste gas is reduced to 50-55 kPa, the pressure difference between the inlet and the outlet of the waste gas turbine reaches 52-57 kPa, and the movable impeller can work reliably. The steam source of the steam jet pump is saturated steam generated by condensation of pyrolysis oil, the pressure is 0.35-0.4 MPa, the exhaust gas and steam mixed gas at the outlet of the steam jet pump are sent to an expansion tank, non-condensable gas in the expansion tank is inert tail gas, the inert tail gas has three purposes, one of the inert tail gas serves as a cold source for adjusting the temperature of the pyrolysis gas combustion kiln, the other inert tail gas serves as an air source for adjusting the coefficient of excess air of a pyrolysis gas combustor, and the third inert tail gas serves as inert protective gas required by purging of a middle-section bell jar storage bin.

The inventor finds that the temperature of pyrolysis oil produced by a waste tire pyrolysis reaction furnace is 350-400 ℃, the pyrolysis oil needs to be condensed and fractionated and then is utilized, the condensation is generally realized through a dividing wall type heat exchanger, a cold source generally selects cooling water, the cooling water absorbs heat energy and converts the heat energy into steam, the steam with different qualities generated by multistage condensation is utilized, the steam can be used as a working fluid source with different pressure levels in a multistage steam ejector (pump) and can also be used as cooling steam of an exhaust turbine, and the total targets of material balance, water (steam) balance and energy balance in the waste tire pyrolysis process are achieved, and the total targets of energy conservation, emission reduction and cyclic utilization are achieved.

The inventor finds, to above-mentioned technological problem, this application has designed gyration harrow roller, gyration harrow roller includes gyration harrow roll body, the axle head that admits air, exhaust axle head, and the axle head that admits air designs respectively at the lower extreme and the upper end of gyration harrow roll body with the exhaust axle head, and gyration harrow roll body, the axle head that admits air, exhaust axle head revolve around same center pin. The utility model discloses a steam-water mixing chamber, including the axle head of admitting air, exhaust spindle head hole, the heat insulation tile, labyrinth cooling groove, bearing position are outwards designed in proper order to 450 ~ 500 ℃ high temperature flue gas, follow the hole, labyrinth cooling groove includes spiral coil, soda mixing chamber, buckled plate, and spiral coil fixes at soda mixing chamber inner wall, and the cooling water gets into the vaporization of soda mixing chamber thermal evaporation from spiral coil, and the bubble striking spiral coil that the boiling produced, buckled plate break rapidly for more tiny bubble to make the bubble evenly distributed in the cooling water, in other words just avoid steam coefficient of heat conductivity to differ greatly to lead to the local overheat of locular wall metal to produce the creep. The outer surface of the rotary rake roller body is spirally distributed with rake nails, the rake nails in quantity are rotated to apply downward thrust to the rubber block along with the rotary rake roller body by adjusting the included angle between the rake nails and the section of the rotary rake roller body, the rake nails in quantity of ¼ are rotated to apply upward thrust to the rubber block along with the rotary rake roller body, the rake nails apply downward thrust to the rubber block to help the asphalt jelly and the steel wire to be smoothly discharged, the resultant force of the two rake nails forms a twisting and cutting effect on the rubber block, the pyrolytic carbon hard shell is twisted and broken to enable the rubber block to be continuously pyrolyzed, meanwhile, a rubber block accumulation layer is stirred to form a gap, pyrolytic oil gas can escape from the gap of the accumulation layer, the pyrolytic oil gas is in mass transfer and heat transfer with the rubber block in the upward flowing process, and the gas-liquid-solid mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency far exceeds the gas-solid transfer. The cross support frame is installed at both ends in the rotary harrow roller body, and the cross support frame is fixed with helical blade through the hollow shaft, and high temperature flue gas rises along the passageway spiral that helical blade formed, and even heating rotary harrow roller body avoids the unable problem that causes the swell of circulation harrow roller body dead angle of flowing through of high temperature flue gas.

The inventor finds that the rotary rake roller body, the air inlet shaft head and the air outlet shaft head are all made of Q345R steel, and the rotary rake roller body, the air inlet shaft head and the air outlet shaft head respectively achieve the level II welding seam standard after being made; the spiral blades are welded and fixed on the pipe shaft, the whole body and the cross-shaped support frame are assembled and sent into the rotary rake roller body to be rolled into the barrel body, in order to prevent the barrel body from being locally deformed due to welding, the cross-shaped support frame is fixed in the rotary rake roller body by adopting spot welding positioning and back section welding, and finally, the two ends of the rotary rake roller body are blocked by using end sockets; the air inlet shaft head and the air exhaust shaft head are coiled into the barrel, the heat insulation tile is embedded in the barrel, the spiral coil pipe is fixed outside the barrel, then an outer cover plate of the steam-water mixing chamber is welded, a water pressure test is carried out after the corrugated plates are installed, and the labyrinth cooling tank is guaranteed to have no leakage under the pressure of 1.0 MPa. Connecting the air inlet shaft head and the air exhaust shaft head with the rotary harrow roller body, tempering, and then using the cylinder body of the rotary harrow roller body as a processing reference, and lathing the bearing positions of the air inlet shaft head and the air exhaust shaft head by using a floor lathe so as to ensure the coaxiality of the rotary harrow roller body, the air inlet shaft head and the air exhaust shaft head; and finally, fixing the braks on the outer surface of the rotary harrow roller body one by one, wherein the braks are arranged on the outer surface of the rotary harrow roller body according to the spiral line-like arrangement requirement, and adjusting the included angles between the braks and the section of the rotary harrow roller body, the included angles of the braks in the number of microspheres are 9-16 degrees, the directions of the braks are inclined upwards, the included angles of the braks in the number of ¼ are 9-20 degrees, and the directions of the braks are inclined downwards.

The inventor finds that, in order to ensure that the junked tire feeding device is in vacuum, inert gas protection and oxygen-deficient closed environment, the solution of the three-section bell jar feeding mechanism is designed, as the name suggests, the feeding mechanism is isolated by bell jar sealing into a first-section bell jar storage bin, a middle-section bell jar storage bin and a last-section bell jar storage bin, the junked tire is broken into 3-4 cm rubber blocks, the junked tire is conveyed to the first-section bell jar storage bin for temporary storage through a bucket lifting trolley mechanism, the junked tire is blown out by inert tail gas through the middle-section bell jar storage bin to extrude carried air, and the inert tail gas is extracted through the last-section bell jar storage bin to be in a vacuum state, and the concrete steps are as follows: the waste tire is crushed into rubber blocks with the size of 3-4 cm, the rubber blocks are weighed by a self-weighing trolley and then are conveyed to a three-section bell jar feeding mechanism along a lifting track under the drive of a pulley traction assembly, the rubber blocks of the waste tire conveyed by a bucket lifting trolley mechanism are accumulated in a first-section bell jar storage bin, the accumulated amount of the rubber blocks accounts for the volume of a first-section hopper body, the first-section bell jar storage bin and a last-section bell jar storage bin are both in a sealed state, inert tail gas is output from a tail gas recovery buffer tank and enters the first-section hopper body through an outer annular air passage of an inner and outer partition bin assembly to be swept, air in the first-section bell jar storage bin is extruded and discharged, and the multistage steam ejector assembly comprises a first-stage ejector, a second-stage ejector, a third-stage ejector, a middle condenser and a last-stage ejector, and the vacuum degree of the last; the pin shaft assembly is connected with the upper bell jar through a suspender to control the upper bell jar to move downwards, the upper bell jar is separated from the upper bell jar base, the rubber blocks are driven by gravity to fall into the middle hopper body, the pin shaft assembly acts immediately when the accumulation amount of the rubber blocks reaches the volume of the microspheres in the middle hopper body, the upper bell jar moves upwards to be matched and tightly attached with the upper bell jar base to form a sealing surface, inert tail gas is output from the tail gas recovery buffer tank and enters the middle hopper body through the outer annular air passage of the inner and outer compartment assemblies to be blown for 30-40 s, air in the gap between the rubber blocks is extruded and discharged, and the middle hopper body is in a sealing state again after the blowing of the inert tail gas is stopped; the rotary ball assembly is connected with the middle bell jar through a suspension chain to control the middle bell jar to move downwards, and the rubber block falls into the tail section hopper body under the driving of gravity; when the rubber block accumulation amount reaches the volume of the tail-section hopper body, the rotary ball assembly acts immediately, the middle bell jar moves upwards to be matched and attached to the middle bell jar seat to form a sealing surface, the multistage steam ejector assembly is started, steam fluid works, the steam adiabatically expands in the spray pipe, the flow rate of the steam at the outlet of the spray pipe is increased, the pressure is reduced, the inert tail gas in the gap of the rubber block of the tail-section hopper body is drained and extracted, after the vacuum degree is controlled to be 1000-1300 Pa, the multistage steam ejector assembly stops working, the pull rod assembly is connected with the lower bell jar through a suspension wire to control the lower bell jar to move downwards, the rubber block is driven by gravity to fall into the vertical pyrolysis tower, and continuous production is realized through sequential circular reciprocation.

The inventor finds that in order to solve the technical problem that the asphalt jelly and the steel wire cluster block a discharge channel in a vertical pyrolysis tower, a rotary rake roller is designed, rake nails on the roller surface of the rotary rake roller apply downward thrust to a rubber block to help the asphalt jelly and the steel wire cluster move downward, the rake nails form a cutting effect on the rubber block, a pyrolytic carbon crust is rubbed and broken to enable the rubber block to fully complete a pyrolysis process to form pyrolytic carbon, in order to enable the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster to smoothly move downward from an annular reaction chamber between the rotary rake roller and the vertical pyrolysis tower body for discharging, a W-shaped discharge tray body is designed to be matched with the annular reaction chamber to receive the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster, the section of the W-shaped discharge tray body is saddle-shaped, the center of the W-shaped discharge tray body is fixedly connected with the rotary rake roller and rotates together, and an annular deep groove is designed on the outer edge of the W-shaped discharge tray body.

The inventor discovers that ox head spiller ejection of compact subassembly includes spiller, shaftless helical blade, ox head discharge gate, because ejection of compact disk body concreties and together gyration with gyration rake roller, and pyrolytic carbon and steel wire group are shoveled by the spiller of slope installation, and the shaftless helical blade rotation with spiller parallel arrangement scrapes into ox head discharge gate with pyrolytic carbon and steel wire group, avoids steel wire group to block up ox head discharge gate.

The inventor finds that in order to ensure that the pyrolytic carbon discharging device is in vacuum after pyrolysis of waste tires, and has inert gas protection and hypoxia in a closed environment, the dynamic seal of the discharging device can solve the technical problems of high-temperature thermal expansion axial deformation, uneven radial play when being heated and friction loss of sealing materials of the discharging disc body, the dynamic seal selects a mechanical seal structure form, the dynamic ring friction pair is designed on the discharging disc body, the static ring friction pair is designed into a wedge shape, the wedge-shaped friction ring solves the problem of axial deformation through axial compensation of a spiral spring, radial compensation is realized by designing the friction pair into the wedge shape and elastic deformation of an overlapped blade spring, a water vapor channel is designed in the friction pair, and cooling water pressure is injected into a sealing surface through a water pump to play a lubricating role and simultaneously generate steam to form inert gas protection. The sealing friction pair comprises a wedge-shaped friction ring and an overlapped blade spring, a pressure water injection channel and a steam exhaust hole are designed in the wedge-shaped friction ring, a water-vapor mixture generated by heating cooling water injected by the pressure water injection channel is exhausted from the steam exhaust hole through a plate gap of the overlapped blade spring, and cooling water pressure is injected onto a sealing surface of the friction pair through a water pump to play a lubricating role and generate steam to form inert gas protection. The wedge-shaped friction ring consists of a trisected valve ring.

The inventor finds that the mechanical sealing structure is selected as the dynamic sealing of the discharging disc body in the operation method of the waste tire pyrolysis reaction furnace, axial and radial compensation is required to be provided for the sealing surface due to the axial deformation of high-temperature thermal expansion and the radial play caused by uneven heating of the discharging disc body, the space of the discharging disc body is limited due to the constraint of the supporting frame in the diameter direction compensation, and the overlapped leaf springs required by radial compensation of the sealing friction pair are designed according to the working principle and the structural characteristics of the leaf springs. The overlapped leaf spring comprises an inner ring, an outer ring and plates, 40-200 rectangular plates with the same specification are evenly distributed around the circle of the inner ring in an involute-like manner, each plate is provided with a connecting hole, the two stacked grid plate curtain belts are formed by stringing the hinges, the inner ring is trisected and tightly fixed on the outer circular wall of the wedge-shaped friction ring, the grid plate curtain belt formed by the plate sheets is restrained in the circular ring between the outer ring and the inner ring concentrically, the adjacent two plate sheets are sequentially stacked, the tail end part of the front plate sheet is used as a fulcrum of the rear plate sheet, the rear plate sheet generates bending deformation around the fulcrum to play a role of a spring, the elastic deformation direction of each plate sheet points to the circle center, therefore, the overlapped blade spring can adjust the radial compensation amount of the sealing friction pair by changing the width of the plate and the thickness of the tail end of the plate, the radial compensation quantity is close to the value of the tail end thickness of the deduction plate piece at the distance between the inner ring and the outer ring, and the radial compensation with limited working space is facilitated.

The inventor finds that the roundness of the discharging disc body cannot meet the requirement due to machining errors and uneven thermal deformation, the static ring friction pair is required to provide radial compensation of positive and negative direction and magnitude change in the running process, therefore, when the overlapped leaf spring is used, the overlapped leaf spring needs to be pre-tightened to provide radial compensation in a reverse direction and a certain value, firstly, the plate sheet material is selected to be silicon manganese steel 60Si2Mn, the elastic modulus is 206E/GPa, the allowable stress is 412-640 MPa, after the plate sheets are evenly arranged in an involute-like manner around the inner circle, adjusting the length of a hinge according to the pre-tightening compensation amount, sequentially pre-tightening in two times according to a diagonal form adjustment principle, pre-tightening the needed North magnitude value for the first time, pre-tightening the left North magnitude value again, checking each sheet of sheet, a connecting hole and the hinge, and ensuring that no clamping and twisting phenomena occur in a pairwise laminated grid plate curtain belt formed by the hinge in series, wherein the pre-tightening compensation amount is ¼ of the total deformation amount of the overlapped blade spring; when the wedge-shaped friction ring needs to provide positive direction radial compensation, trisection inner rings tightly attached and fixed on the outer circular wall of the wedge-shaped friction ring are opened, the overlapped blade springs work, two adjacent plates are overlapped in sequence, the tail end of the front plate is used as a fulcrum of the rear plate, the rear plate generates bending deformation around the fulcrum to play a spring role, the elastic deformation direction of each plate points to the circle center, when the inner ring is opened to a certain value, the outer ring restrains a grid plate curtain belt formed by the plates, the bending deformation direction of the plates points to the circle center, meanwhile, a pressure water injection passage and a steam exhaust hole are designed in the wedge-shaped friction ring, and steam mixture generated by heating cooling water injected by the pressure water injection passage is exhausted from the steam exhaust hole through the plate gaps of the overlapped blade springs.

The inventor finds that the dynamic seal of the discharging device of the operation method of the waste tire pyrolysis reaction furnace selects a mechanical seal structure form, and the mechanical seal structure comprises a water tank, a dynamic ring friction pair, a static ring friction pair, a spiral spring pressing device and a water-cooling discharge pipe, wherein the dynamic ring friction pair is designed on a discharging disc body, the static ring friction pair is designed into a wedge shape, and the spiral spring pressing device can provide axial and radial compensation for the wedge-shaped friction ring. Cooling water in the water tank descends through the water-cooling calandria and is injected into the static ring friction pair and the spiral spring pressing device, the static ring friction pair and the spiral spring pressing device are cooled, a pressure water injection channel and a steam exhaust hole are designed in the wedge-shaped friction ring, cooling water pressure is injected into a sealing surface of the friction pair through a water pump, steam generated when the cooling water pressure is lubricated, forms inert gas protection, water-vapor mixture generated when the cooling water injected through the pressure water injection channel is heated is exhausted to the water tank from the steam exhaust hole through the plate gap of the overlapped blade springs, and the water tank, the water-cooling calandria, the static ring friction pair and the plate gap channel form a natural water circulation loop.

Compared with the prior art, the invention at least has the following advantages: firstly, in order to ensure that a waste tire feeding device is in a vacuum, inert gas protection and oxygen-lacking closed environment, a solution of a three-section bell jar feeding mechanism is designed, as the name suggests, the feeding mechanism is isolated into a first-section bell jar storage bin, a middle-section bell jar storage bin and a last-section bell jar storage bin through bell jar sealing, waste tires are crushed into rubber blocks with the size of 3-4 cm, the rubber blocks are conveyed to the first-section bell jar storage bin through a bucket lifting trolley mechanism for temporary storage, the rubber blocks are blown out by inert tail gas through the middle-section bell jar storage bin to extrude carried air, and then the inert tail gas is pumped out through the last-section bell jar storage bin to be in a vacuum state; secondly, the temperature of pyrolysis oil produced by the waste tire pyrolysis reaction furnace is 350-400 ℃, the pyrolysis oil needs to be condensed and fractionated and then is utilized, the condensation is usually realized through a dividing wall type heat exchanger, a cold source generally selects cooling water, the cooling water absorbs heat energy and is converted into steam, the steam with different qualities generated by multi-stage condensation is utilized, the steam can be used as a working fluid source with different pressure levels in a multi-stage steam ejector (pump) and can also be used as cooling steam of an exhaust gas turbine, and the total targets of material balance, water (steam) balance and energy balance in the waste tire pyrolysis process are achieved, and energy sources are saved, emission is reduced, and recycling is achieved; thirdly, in order to ensure that the pyrolytic carbon discharging device after pyrolysis of the waste tire is in a vacuum, inert gas protection and anoxic closed environment, the dynamic seal of the discharging device can solve the technical problems of high-temperature thermal expansion axial deformation, uneven radial movement when heated and friction loss of sealing materials of the discharging disc body, the dynamic seal adopts a mechanical seal structure form, a dynamic ring friction pair is designed on the discharging disc body, a static ring friction pair is designed into a wedge shape, the problem of axial deformation is solved through axial compensation of a spiral spring by a wedge-shaped friction ring, and radial compensation is realized through the design of the friction pair into the wedge shape and elastic deformation of an overlapped blade spring; fourthly, a water vapor channel is designed in the friction pair, and cooling water pressure is injected onto the sealing surface through a water pump to play a lubricating role, and meanwhile, generated steam forms inert gas protection.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of the operation method of the pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a large sample a of the operation method of the pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a large sample B of the operation method of the waste tire pyrolysis reaction furnace of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged structural view of C in the operation method of the pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged structural view of the operation method D of the pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged structural view of E in the operation method of the pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a large sample F of the operation method of the pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a large sample G of the operation method of the pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a partial enlarged structural view of H in the operation method of the pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of a tiled structure of a large sample I of the operation method of the pyrolysis reactor for waste tires of the present invention.

I-feeding system II-vertical pyrolysis tower III-discharging system

1-bucket lifting trolley mechanism 2-three-section bell jar feeding mechanism 3-self-weighing trolley

4-pulley traction assembly 5-lifting track 6-primary segment bell jar storage bin

7-middle section bell jar storage bin 8-end section bell jar storage bin 9-initial section hopper body 10-upper bell jar

11-upper bell jar base 12-suspension rod 13-pin shaft component 14-middle section hopper body

15-middle bell 16-middle bell base 17-sling chain 18-ball-rotating assembly

19-internal and external compartment assembly 20-tail gas recovery buffer tank 21-end hopper body

22-lower bell jar 23-lower bell jar base 24-suspension wire 25-pull rod assembly

26-Multi-stage steam ejector Assembly 27-first stage ejector 28-second stage ejector

29-three stage ejector 30-intermediate condenser 31-last stage ejector 32-upper bearing block

33-vertical pyrolysis tower body 34-supporting foot 35-rotary rake roller 36-lower bearing seat

37-rotary harrow roller body 38-air inlet shaft head 39-air outlet shaft head 40-heat insulation tile

41-bearing position 42-labyrinth cooling groove 43-spiral coil 44-steam-water mixing chamber

45-corrugated plate 46-harrow pin 47-pipe shaft 48-helical blade 49-cross support frame.

50-water tank 51-moving ring friction pair 52-static ring friction pair 53-spiral spring pressing device

54-water-cooling calandria 55-discharge disk 56-plate 57-outer ring 58-inner ring

59-wedge-shaped friction ring 60-steam exhaust hole 61-pressure water injection channel 62-hinge 63-connection hole

64-overlapping blade spring 65-water circulation mechanical seal 66-ox-head scraper knife discharging assembly

67-shaftless helical blade 68-shovel blade 69-ox head discharge port.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description of embodiments and drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, the method for operating a pyrolysis reactor for waste tires is characterized in that: firstly, the waste tires are crushed into rubber blocks with the size of 3-4 cm, the rubber blocks are weighed by a self-weighing trolley 3 and then are driven by a pulley traction assembly 4 to be sent to a three-section bell jar feeding mechanism 2 along a lifting track 5, the rubber blocks of the waste tires conveyed by a bucket lifting trolley mechanism 1 are accumulated in a first-section bell jar storage 6, the accumulated amount of the rubber blocks is required to occupy the volume of a first-section hopper body 9, at the moment, the first-section bell jar storage 7 and a last-section bell jar storage 8 are both in a sealed state, inert tail gas is output from a tail gas recovery buffer tank 20 and enters a first-section hopper body 14 through an outer annular air passage of an inner and outer compartment assembly 19 to be swept, air in the first-section bell jar storage 7 is extruded and discharged, and a multi-stage steam ejector assembly 26 comprises a first-stage ejector 27, a second-stage ejector 28, a third-stage ejector, and controlling the vacuum degree of the tail-section bell jar storage bin 8 to be 1000-1300 Pa through continuous multi-stage pressurization.

Step two, the pin shaft assembly 13 is connected with the upper bell jar 10 through the suspender 12, the upper bell jar 10 is controlled to move downwards, the upper bell jar 10 is separated from the upper bell jar seat 11, the rubber blocks are driven by gravity to fall into the middle section hopper body 14, the pin shaft assembly 13 immediately moves when the stacking amount of the rubber blocks reaches the microspheres volume of the middle section hopper body 14, the upper bell jar 10 moves upwards and is tightly matched with the upper bell jar seat 11 to form a sealing surface, the inert tail gas is output from the tail gas recovery buffer tank 20 and enters the middle section hopper body 14 through the outer annular air passage of the inner and outer compartment assemblies 19 to be purged for 30 to 40 seconds, the air in the clearance of the rubber blocks is extruded and discharged, the middle section hopper body 14 is in a sealing state again after the purging of the inert tail gas is stopped, the inert tail gas is exhaust gas which is obtained by recycling high-temperature flue gas output by the pyrolysis gas combustion kiln and exchanging heat through the vertical pyrolysis tower body 33 and the rotary rake roller 35, and the oxygen content is reduced to be below 3%.

And step three, the rotary ball assembly 18 is connected with the middle bell jar 15 through the hanging chain 17, the middle bell jar 15 is controlled to move downwards, the rubber blocks are driven by gravity to fall into the tail-section hopper body 21, the rotary ball assembly 18 acts immediately when the stacking amount of the rubber blocks reaches the volume of the microspheres of the tail-section hopper body 21, the middle bell jar 15 moves upwards and is matched and tightly attached with the middle bell jar base 16 to form a sealing surface, the multistage steam ejector assembly 26 is started, steam fluid works, the steam is thermally insulated in the spray pipe, the flow rate of the steam at the outlet of the spray pipe is increased, the pressure is reduced, the inert tail gas in the gap of the rubber blocks of the tail-section hopper body 21 is drained and extracted, after the vacuum degree is controlled to be 1000-1300 Pa, the multistage steam ejector assembly 26 stops working, the pull rod assembly 25 is connected with the lower bell jar 22 through the hanging wire 24, the lower bell jar 23 is controlled to move downwards, and the rubber blocks are driven by gravity.

Fourthly, arranging the braks 46 on the outer surface of the rotary rake roller body 37 in a spiral line manner, applying downward thrust to the rubber blocks by adjusting the included angles between the braks 46 and the sections of the rotary rake roller body 37, applying upward thrust to the rubber blocks by rotating the braks 46 with the rotary rake roller body 37, applying downward thrust to the rubber blocks by the braks 46 to help the asphalt jelly and the steel wire cluster to be smoothly discharged, forming a twisting action on the rubber blocks by the resultant force of the two braks 46, twisting the pyrolytic carbon hard shells to enable the rubber blocks to be continuously pyrolyzed, stirring the accumulation layers of the rubber blocks to form gaps, enabling pyrolytic oil gas to escape from the gaps of the accumulation layers, transferring heat with the rubber blocks in the process of upward flowing of the pyrolytic oil gas, wherein the gas-liquid-solid heat transfer efficiency far exceeds the gas-liquid-solid heat transfer efficiency of the rotary rake roller body 37 and the rubber blocks; the cross support frames 49 are arranged at two ends in the rotary rake roller body 37, the cross support frames 49 fix the helical blades 48 through the tubular shafts 47, the high-temperature smoke at 450-500 ℃ spirally rises along a channel formed by the helical blades 48, and the rotary rake roller body 37 is uniformly heated; the vertical pyrolysis tower body 33 is provided with a jacket through which high-temperature flue gas at 450-500 ℃ flows, the jacket is internally provided with a hollow helical blade, the high-temperature flue gas spirally rises along a channel formed by the hollow helical blade to uniformly heat the vertical pyrolysis tower body 33, and the upper part of the vertical pyrolysis tower body 33 is provided with a pyrolysis oil gas outlet.

Fifthly, the harrow nails 46 on the roller surface of the rotary harrow roller 35 apply downward thrust to the rubber block to help the asphalt jelly and the steel wire cluster move downward, the harrow nails 46 form a twisting and cutting action on the rubber block, the pyrolytic carbon hard shell is twisted and broken to enable the rubber block to fully finish the pyrolysis process to form pyrolytic carbon, in order to enable the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster to smoothly move downward for discharging from the annular reaction chamber between the rotary harrow roller 35 and the vertical pyrolysis tower body 33, a W-shaped discharging tray body 55 is designed to be matched with the annular reaction chamber to receive the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster, the section of the W-shaped discharging tray body 55 is saddle-shaped, the center of the W-shaped discharging tray body is fixedly connected with the rotary harrow roller 35 and rotates together, an annular deep groove is designed on the outer edge, so that the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster uniformly fall into the annular deep groove of the discharging tray body 55 from the annular reaction chamber, the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster are shoveled by a scraper 68 which is obliquely arranged, a shaft, avoiding the steel wire rope from blocking the ox head discharge port 69.

Step six, when the rotary harrow roller 35 drives the discharge disc 55 to work, the stationary ring friction pair 52 is designed to be in a wedge shape, the spiral spring pressing device 53 can provide axial and radial compensation for the wedge-shaped friction ring 59, when the wedge-shaped friction ring 59 needs to provide positive direction radial compensation, the trisection inner ring 58 tightly attached and fixed on the outer circular wall of the wedge-shaped friction ring 59 is opened, the overlapped blade spring 64 works, the adjacent two plates 56 are sequentially overlapped, the tail end part of the front plate 56 is used as the fulcrum of the rear plate 56, the rear plate 56 generates bending deformation around the fulcrum to play a spring role, the elastic deformation direction of each plate 56 points to the circle center, when the inner ring 58 is opened to a certain amount, the outer ring 57 restrains the grid plate curtain belt formed by the plates 56, so that the bending deformation direction of the plates 56 points to the circle center, the cooling water in the water tank 50 descends through the water-cooling discharge pipe 54 and is injected into the stationary ring friction pair, the static ring friction pair 52 and the spiral spring pressing device 53 are cooled, a pressure water injection channel 61 and a steam exhaust hole 60 are designed in the wedge-shaped friction ring 59, cooling water pressure is injected onto a sealing surface of the friction pair through a water pump to play a role in lubrication, meanwhile, generated steam forms inert gas protection, water-vapor mixture generated by heating cooling water injected into the pressure water injection channel 61 rises from the steam exhaust hole 60 through a gap of the plate 56 of the overlapped blade spring 64 and is exhausted to the water tank 50, and a natural water circulation loop is formed by the water tank 50, the water-cooling discharge pipe 54, the static ring friction pair 52 and a gap channel of the plate 56.

Variations and modifications to the above-described embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art, which fall within the scope and spirit of the above description. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and described above, and some modifications and variations of the present invention should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. Furthermore, although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

Claims

1. The operation method of the pyrolysis reaction furnace for the waste tires is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, crushing waste tires into rubber blocks with the size of 3-4 cm, weighing the rubber blocks by a self-weighing trolley, then conveying the rubber blocks to a three-section bell jar feeding mechanism along a lifting track under the driving of a pulley traction assembly, stacking the rubber blocks of the waste tires conveyed by a bucket lifting trolley mechanism in a primary bell jar storage bin, wherein the stacking amount accounts for the volume of a primary hopper body, and the primary bell jar storage bin and a final bell jar storage bin are both in a sealed state; step two, the pin shaft assembly is connected with the upper bell jar through a suspender, the upper bell jar is controlled to move downwards, the upper bell jar is separated from the upper bell jar seat, the rubber block is driven by gravity to fall into the middle hopper body, the pin shaft assembly acts immediately when the stacking amount of the rubber block reaches the microspheres volume of the middle hopper body, the upper bell jar moves upwards to be matched and tightly attached with the upper bell jar seat to form a sealing surface, inert tail gas is output from the tail gas recovery buffer tank and enters the middle hopper body through the outer annular air passage of the inner and outer compartment assemblies to be purged for 30-40 s, air in the gap of the rubber block is squeezed out and discharged, and the middle hopper body is in a sealing state again after the purging of the inert tail gas is stopped; thirdly, the rotary ball assembly is connected with the middle bell jar through a suspension chain, the middle bell jar is controlled to move downwards, the rubber blocks are driven by gravity to fall into the tail section hopper body, the rotary ball assembly acts immediately when the accumulation amount of the rubber blocks reaches the volume of the tail section hopper body, the middle bell jar moves upwards to be matched and attached with the middle bell jar seat to form a sealing surface, the pull rod assembly is connected with the lower bell jar through a suspension wire to control the lower bell jar to move downwards, and the rubber blocks are driven by gravity to fall into the vertical pyrolysis tower body; step four, installing cross support frames at two ends in the rotary harrow roller body, fixing the helical blades by the cross support frames through tubular shafts, spirally rising the high-temperature smoke at 450-500 ℃ along a channel formed by the helical blades, and uniformly heating the rotary harrow roller body; the vertical pyrolysis tower body is provided with a jacket through which high-temperature flue gas at 450-500 ℃ flows, hollow helical blades are designed in the jacket, the high-temperature flue gas spirally rises along a channel formed by the hollow helical blades to uniformly heat the vertical pyrolysis tower body, and a pyrolysis oil gas outlet is designed at the upper part of the vertical pyrolysis tower body; fifthly, the harrow nails on the roller surface of the rotary harrow roller apply downward thrust to the rubber block to help the asphalt jelly and the steel wire cluster move downward, the harrow nails form a twisting and cutting action to the rubber block, the pyrolytic carbon hard shell is twisted and broken to enable the rubber block to fully finish the pyrolytic process to form pyrolytic carbon, in order to enable the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster to smoothly move downward for discharging from an annular reaction chamber between the rotary harrow roller and the vertical pyrolytic tower body, a W-shaped discharging disk body is designed to be matched with the annular reaction chamber to bear the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster, the section of the W-shaped discharging disk body is saddle-shaped, the center of the W-shaped discharging disk body is fixedly connected with the rotary harrow roller and rotates together, an annular deep groove is designed on the outer edge, so that the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster uniformly fall into the annular deep groove of the discharging disk body from the annular reaction chamber, the pyrolytic carbon and the steel wire cluster are lifted by a scraper obliquely installed, a shaftless spiral blade installed, the steel wire ball is prevented from blocking the ox head discharge hole; and sixthly, when the rotary harrow roller drives the discharging disc body to work, the static ring friction pair is designed to be in a wedge shape, the spiral spring pressing device can provide axial and radial compensation for the wedge-shaped friction ring, when the wedge-shaped friction ring needs to provide positive radial compensation, trisection inner rings tightly attached and fixed on the outer circular wall of the wedge-shaped friction ring are unfolded and overlapped with the blade springs to work, and cooling water in a water tank descends through a water-cooling pipe to be injected into the static ring friction pair and the spiral spring pressing device, so that the static ring friction pair and the spiral spring pressing device are cooled.

2. The method for operating a pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to claim 1, wherein: and inert tail gas is output from the tail gas recovery buffer tank, enters the middle-section hopper body through the outer annular air passage of the inner and outer partition bin assemblies for blowing, and extrudes and discharges air in the middle-section bell jar storage bin.

3. The method for operating a pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to claim 1, wherein: the multistage steam ejector assembly comprises a first-stage ejector, a second-stage ejector, a third-stage ejector, an intermediate condenser and a final-stage ejector, and the vacuum degree of a tail-stage bell jar storage bin is controlled to be 1000-1300 Pa through continuous multistage pressurization.

4. The method for operating a pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to claim 1, wherein: the inert tail gas is the exhaust gas which is obtained by recycling high-temperature flue gas output by the pyrolysis gas combustion kiln and exchanging heat through the vertical pyrolysis tower body and the rotary rake roller, and the oxygen content is reduced to be below 3%.

5. The method for operating a pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to claim 1, wherein: the outer surface of the rotary rake roller body is spirally distributed with rake nails, and by adjusting the included angle between the rake nails and the section of the rotary rake roller body, the rake nails with the quantity apply downward thrust to the rubber block along with the rotation of the rotary rake roller body, the rake nails with the quantity of ¼ apply upward thrust to the rubber block along with the rotation of the rotary rake roller body, the rake nails apply downward thrust to the rubber block to help the smooth discharge of the asphalt jelly and the steel wire cluster, the resultant force of the two kinds of rake nails forms a rubbing cutting effect on the rubber block, the pyrolytic carbon crust is rubbed and broken to make the rubber block continue to be pyrolyzed, and simultaneously the rubber block accumulation layer is stirred to form a gap, so that pyrolytic oil gas can escape from the gap of the accumulation layer, and the pyrolytic oil gas flows upwards to transfer heat with the rubber block, and the gas-liquid-solid heat transfer efficiency far exceeds the gas-solid heat transfer.

6. The method for operating a pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to claim 1, wherein: two adjacent slabs are laminated in sequence, the tail end of the former slab is used as the fulcrum of the latter slab, the latter slab generates bending deformation around the fulcrum to play a spring role, the direction of elastic deformation of each slab points to the circle center, and when the inner ring is opened to a certain amount, the outer ring restrains the grid plate curtain belt formed by the slabs, so that the direction of bending deformation of the slabs points to the circle center.

7. The method for operating a pyrolysis reactor for waste tires according to claim 1, wherein: a pressure water injection channel and a steam exhaust hole are designed in the wedge-shaped friction ring, cooling water pressure is injected into a sealing surface of the friction pair through a water pump to play a lubricating role, steam generated at the same time forms inert gas protection, water-vapor mixture generated by heating cooling water injected through the pressure water injection channel rises from the steam exhaust hole through a plate gap of the overlapped blade spring and is exhausted to a water tank, and a natural water circulation loop is formed by the water tank, a water-cooling exhaust pipe, the static ring friction pair and a plate gap channel.