CN112079343A - Preparation method of three-dimensional porous carbon, battery cathode prepared by preparation method and battery - Google Patents
Preparation method of three-dimensional porous carbon, battery cathode prepared by preparation method and battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN112079343A CN112079343A CN202010818091.5A CN202010818091A CN112079343A CN 112079343 A CN112079343 A CN 112079343A CN 202010818091 A CN202010818091 A CN 202010818091A CN 112079343 A CN112079343 A CN 112079343A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of three-dimensional porous carbon and a battery cathode and a battery prepared by the same, wherein the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon comprises the steps of selecting straws, cleaning the straws, peeling and drying; then putting the sample into a tube furnace, introducing inert gas into the tube furnace, and then annealing to obtain a sample; washing the sample with a hydrogen chloride solution and distilled water; putting the sample into an oven for drying to obtain a three-dimensional porous carbon material; according to the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon, the straw is subjected to a series of operations and annealing treatment to obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon material, the surface of the biomass carbon material is provided with honeycombed and square porous holes and loose mesopores of the carbon material, the high surface area provided by the carbon structure provides more active sites for the battery, in the electrochemical application, the unit capacity of the electrode can be effectively improved, the conductivity and the cycling stability are improved, and the preparation method has a good application prospect in the lithium ion battery cathode material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery materials, in particular to a preparation method of three-dimensional porous carbon, a battery cathode and a battery prepared from the three-dimensional porous carbon.
Background
In recent years, metal compounds, conductive polymers, porous carbon materials and the like have been widely used as electrode materials of lithium ion batteries, but the wide use of metal compounds and conductive polymers as electrode materials is limited by the disadvantages of low conductivity, unstable cycle and the like in practical application. The biomass can be used for preparing excellent carbon-based materials such as three-dimensional porous carbon materials and the like through chemical or physical regulation, and the three-dimensional porous carbon materials have wide application in the field of energy storage and supercapacitors, and have the advantages of good conductivity, environmental friendliness, chemical stability, high specific surface area, light weight and the like. However, the common problems at present are that the manufacturing method of the three-dimensional porous carbon material is complex, the manufactured structure is unstable, the manufacturing cost is high, and the price of instruments required to be purchased by enterprises is very expensive.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a preparation method of three-dimensional porous carbon, a battery cathode and a battery prepared by the preparation method, which have the advantages of easily controlled production process, low cost and convenience for batch production.
According to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing three-dimensional porous carbon, comprising the steps of:
s1, selecting straws, and cleaning, peeling and drying the straws;
s2, putting the dried straws into a tube furnace, introducing inert gas into the tube furnace, and then annealing to obtain a sample;
s3, washing the sample with a hydrogen chloride solution;
s4, washing the residual hydrogen chloride solution in the sample by using distilled water;
and S5, putting the sample into an oven to be dried to obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon material.
Has the advantages that: the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon material comprises the steps of carrying out a series of operations and annealing treatment on straws to obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon material, wherein the surface of the biomass carbon material is provided with honeycombed and square porous holes and loose mesopores of the carbon material, the special structure is used as a negative electrode material and has great advantages in the application of lithium ion batteries, the high surface area provided by the carbon structure provides more active sites for the batteries, and in the electrochemical application, the unit capacity of the electrode can be effectively improved, the conductivity and the cycling stability are improved, and the preparation method has a good application prospect in the negative electrode material of the lithium ion batteries.
According to the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, the straw can be selected from corn straw or sorghum straw.
According to the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon provided by the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, when the straws are selected, small sections of about 10cm are cut at the middle parts of the straws, and the straws are naturally dried.
According to the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon, the small sections are peeled off, washed by distilled water and dried in an oven at 60 ℃, and the drying time is at least 6 hours.
According to the method for preparing the three-dimensional porous carbon of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, in S2, the inert gas is nitrogen.
According to the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon, the annealing temperature is 600 ℃, the annealing time is at least 2 hours, and the temperature rising speed of the annealing is between 1 and 5 ℃/min.
According to the method for preparing the three-dimensional porous carbon of the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the concentration of the hydrogen chloride solution is 1 mol/L.
According to the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon of the embodiment of the first aspect of the invention, in S5, the sample is dried in an oven at 60 ℃ for at least 6 hours.
According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery negative electrode including: a three-dimensional porous carbon material produced using the method for producing three-dimensional porous carbon according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery including: the battery negative electrode of the second aspect example of the invention was used.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is clear that the described figures are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments, and that a person skilled in the art can also derive other designs and figures from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preparation process of an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional porous carbon according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to in the description of the orientation, such as the upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the meaning of a plurality of means is one or more, the meaning of a plurality of means is two or more, and larger, smaller, larger, etc. are understood as excluding the number, and larger, smaller, inner, etc. are understood as including the number. If the first and second are described for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, they are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, a method for preparing three-dimensional porous carbon includes the following steps:
s1, selecting straws, and cleaning, peeling and drying the straws;
s2, putting the dried straws into a tube furnace, introducing inert gas into the tube furnace, and then annealing to obtain a sample;
s3, washing the sample with a hydrogen chloride solution;
s4, washing the residual hydrogen chloride solution in the sample by using distilled water;
and S5, putting the sample into an oven to be dried to obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon material.
According to the preparation method of the three-dimensional porous carbon, the three-dimensional porous carbon material is obtained after straw is subjected to a series of operations and annealing treatment, the surface of the biomass carbon material has honeycombed and square porous holes and loose mesopores of the carbon material, the special structure has great advantages in application of lithium ion batteries as a negative electrode material, the high surface area provided by the carbon structure provides more active sites for the batteries, and the mesopores of the carbon material are more beneficial to the insertion or extraction of lithium ions, so that the charge and discharge performance of the batteries is improved; the special structure can effectively improve the unit capacity of the electrode, improve the conductivity and the cycling stability in the electrochemical application, and has good application prospect in the lithium ion battery cathode material.
In this embodiment, the straw may be corn straw or sorghum straw. The burnt straw can keep the original shape, and the straw has uniformly distributed honeycomb-shaped and square holes. And the three-dimensional porous carbon material sintered by annealing has certain hardness and bearing capacity. A small section of the carbon material of this example was cut out and tested to withstand a weight of 910g without deforming.
In this embodiment, when selecting the straw, cut a small section of about 10cm at the middle part of the straw, and dry it naturally. The effect is better when the non-rotten and complete straws are selected.
In this example, the small sections were peeled, washed with distilled water, and dried in an oven at 60 ℃ for at least 6 hours.
In this embodiment, in S2, the inert gas is nitrogen.
In this embodiment, the annealing temperature is 600 ℃, the annealing time is at least 2 hours, and the temperature rise rate of the annealing is between 1 and 5 ℃/min, preferably 2 ℃/min.
In this example, the concentration of the hydrogen chloride solution was 1 mol/L. The 1mol/L hydrogen chloride solution is prepared by concentrated hydrochloric acid. The hydrogen chloride solution can make the annealed small segment form a porous structure.
In this embodiment, in S5, the sample is dried in an oven at 60 ℃ for at least 6 hours.
A battery anode, comprising: the three-dimensional porous carbon material produced by the method for producing three-dimensional porous carbon in the present example was used.
A battery, comprising: the battery negative electrode in the present example was used.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of three-dimensional porous carbon is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting straws, and cleaning, peeling and drying the straws;
s2, putting the dried straws into a tube furnace, introducing inert gas into the tube furnace, and then annealing to obtain a sample;
s3, washing the sample with a hydrogen chloride solution;
s4, washing the residual hydrogen chloride solution in the sample by using distilled water;
and S5, putting the sample into an oven to be dried to obtain the three-dimensional porous carbon material.
2. The method for producing three-dimensional porous carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: the straw can be selected from corn straw or sorghum straw.
3. The method for producing three-dimensional porous carbon according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: when the straws are selected, small sections of about 10cm are cut at the middle parts of the straws, and the straws are naturally dried.
4. The method for producing three-dimensional porous carbon according to claim 3, characterized in that: peeling the small sections, washing with distilled water, and drying in an oven at 60 ℃ for at least 6 hours.
5. The method for producing three-dimensional porous carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: in S2, the inert gas is nitrogen.
6. The method for producing three-dimensional porous carbon according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the annealing temperature is 600 ℃, the annealing time is at least 2 hours, and the temperature rising speed of the annealing is between 1 and 5 ℃/min.
7. The method for producing three-dimensional porous carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: the concentration of the hydrogen chloride solution is 1 mol/L.
8. The method for producing three-dimensional porous carbon according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the S5, the sample is dried in an oven at 60 ℃ for at least 6 hours.
9. A battery negative electrode, comprising: a three-dimensional porous carbon material produced using the production method of three-dimensional porous carbon according to claims 1 to 8.
10. A battery, comprising: the use of the battery negative electrode of claim 9.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113381014A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-10 | 西安亚弘泰新能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of ultralow-temperature lithium ion battery negative electrode material |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113381014A (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2021-09-10 | 西安亚弘泰新能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of ultralow-temperature lithium ion battery negative electrode material |
| CN113381014B (en) * | 2021-06-08 | 2023-03-03 | 西安亚弘泰新能源科技有限公司 | Preparation method of ultralow-temperature lithium ion battery negative electrode material |
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