CN112077967B - Wood strengthening treatment equipment and method - Google Patents

Wood strengthening treatment equipment and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112077967B
CN112077967B CN202010967145.4A CN202010967145A CN112077967B CN 112077967 B CN112077967 B CN 112077967B CN 202010967145 A CN202010967145 A CN 202010967145A CN 112077967 B CN112077967 B CN 112077967B
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water tank
wood
suspension
particles
treated
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CN112077967A (en
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孔祥明
林辉
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
    • B27K5/0015—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 by electric means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/007—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process employing compositions comprising nanoparticles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/18—Compounds of alkaline earth metals
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
    • B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
    • B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
    • B27K3/32—Mixtures of different inorganic impregnating agents

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Nanotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a wood strengthening treatment device and a wood strengthening treatment method. The equipment comprises an anode water tank, a soaking water tank, a cathode water tank and a power supply part, wherein the side walls of the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank are provided with at least one hole; the holes are used for supporting the wood to be treated, one end of the wood is positioned in the anode water tank, the middle section of the wood is positioned in the soaking water tank, and the other end of the wood is positioned in the cathode water tank; the power supply part is used for providing electric field force, so that mineral particles with different electronegativities and contained in the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank enter the interior of the wood board to be treated. The equipment and the method of the invention are adopted to carry out strengthening treatment on the wood, and the density, the strength and the dimensional stability of the wood can be improved.

Description

Wood strengthening treatment equipment and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wood strengthening treatment device and a wood strengthening treatment method.
Background
With the continuous enhancement of the protection of natural forests, the forest felling is rapidly changed from natural forests to artificial forests. However, some poor quality tree species such as larch, camphor tree, birch, masson pine, etc. in the artificial forest are not utilized efficiently. In order to realize effective allocation of artificial forest wood resources, the modification of artificial forest wood is more and more important. Therefore, the key point of wood modification in the future is to resist the high-grade of wood, improve the utilization rate of wood from the aspects of improving the density and the strength of the wood, improving the dimensional stability of the wood and the like, and prolong the service life of the wood.
At present, the traditional wood modification technology mainly comprises other wood modification methods such as wood plastic combination, wood impregnation, wood heat treatment, wood acetylation and the like. The wood modification technology realizes the strengthening of the wood performance by changing the physical and chemical properties of the wood. However, the existing wood modification technology is complex in process and has certain limitation on the optimization of wood performance.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides an apparatus and a method for strengthening wood, which can improve the density, strength and dimensional stability of wood.
The invention provides equipment for strengthening treatment of wood, which comprises an anode water tank, a soaking water tank, a cathode water tank and a power supply part, wherein the side walls of the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank are provided with at least one hole; the holes are used for supporting the wood to be treated, one end of the wood is positioned in the anode water tank, the middle section of the wood is positioned in the soaking water tank, and the other end of the wood is positioned in the cathode water tank; the power supply part is used for providing electric field force, so that mineral particles with different electronegativities and contained in the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank enter the interior of the wood board to be treated.
According to some embodiments of the device of the present invention, the power supply means comprises at least one set of electrodes connected to a power source and a wire, each set of electrodes comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Preferably the number of sets of electrodes is the same as the number of wood to be treated, e.g. 3 wood to be treated, the number of sets of electrodes is 3. Each set of electrodes corresponds to 1 wood to be treated.
According to some embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, the power supply is a dc regulated output power supply.
According to some embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, the electrode is made of a material selected from one or more of a titanium mesh, a steel mesh and a copper mesh.
According to some embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, the height of the holes of the 1# water tank and the 2# water tank can be the same or different, as long as the wood to be treated can be supported, and one end of the wood is located in the anode water tank, the middle section of the wood is located in the soaking water tank, and the other end of the wood is located in the cathode water tank, so as to ensure that the wood does not slide off due to inclination.
In some embodiments of the apparatus according to the present invention, the holes are provided with fluid-tight gaskets made of a wide range of materials to ensure that no fluid leaks occur, such as but not limited to fluid-tight rubber gaskets.
According to some embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, the material of the # 1 water tank and the # 2 water tank has a wide range of choice with the aim of not reacting with the antibacterial agent a and the antibacterial agent B. Such as but not limited to: stainless steel, polytetrafluoroethylene, plastic, etc.
According to some embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a drain valve for draining the liquid in the anode tank, the soaking tank and the cathode tank.
According to some embodiments of the device of the present invention, the device may further comprise a pulley for moving the device.
According to some embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, at least one of the anode water tank, the soaking water tank, and the cathode water tank is provided with a height adjustment bracket.
According to some embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, the size of the hole may be adjusted according to the size of the wood, without particular limitation.
According to some embodiments of the apparatus of the present invention, the shape and configuration of the positive and negative electrodes may be of a wide selection for the purpose of being able to grip wood, such as, but not limited to, a cylindrical structure with an opening at one end through which the electrodes may be snapped into an end of wood to be treated.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for strengthening wood, comprising the steps of:
s1, allowing the wood to be treated, which is soaked in the conductive liquid, to pass through the holes of the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank, wherein one end of the wood to be treated is positioned in the anode water tank, the middle section of the wood to be treated is positioned in the soaking water tank, and the other end of the wood to be treated is positioned in the cathode water tank;
s2, connecting the power supply parts with two ends of the wood to be treated respectively, then injecting suspension with positive electricity into the anode water tank, injecting conductive liquid into the soaking water tank, and injecting suspension with negative electricity into the cathode water tank, wherein the suspension in the anode water tank and the suspension in the cathode water tank have different electronegativities;
s3, carrying out first electrification on wood to be treated;
and S4, replacing the conductive liquid in the soaking water tank with liquid containing calcium ions, and carrying out second electrification on the wood to be treated.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the process of connecting the power supply members to both ends of the wood to be treated, respectively, comprises: the positive electrode and the negative electrode which are connected with a power supply and a lead are respectively connected with two ends of the wood to be treated.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the positively charged suspension is selected from a suspension of nano calcium carbonate particles and/or a suspension of nano calcium silicate particles.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the nano calcium carbonate content of the nano calcium carbonate particle suspension is 5 to 10% by weight.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the nano calcium silicate content of the suspension of nano calcium silicate particles is 5 to 15% by weight.
According to some embodiments of the method of the invention, in the positively charged suspension, the distribution of the particle sizes d of the nanoparticles is: particles with a d <20nm comprise 5-15 wt% of the total nanoparticles.
According to some embodiments of the device of the present invention, in the positively charged suspension, the distribution of the particle sizes d of the nanoparticles is: the particles with d being more than or equal to 20nm and less than or equal to 60nm account for 15 to 25 weight percent of the total nanoparticles.
According to some embodiments of the method of the invention, in the positively charged suspension, the distribution of the particle sizes d of the nanoparticles is: particles with a < 60nm < d <100nm comprise 25-35 wt% of the total nanoparticles.
According to some embodiments of the method of the invention, in the positively charged suspension, the distribution of the particle sizes d of the nanoparticles is: the particles with the d being more than or equal to 100nm account for 40-55 wt% of the total nanoparticles.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the negatively charged suspension is a suspension formed from water-soluble nanosilica sol particles.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the nanosilica sol is present in the suspension in an amount of 5-15% by weight.
According to some embodiments of the method of the invention, in the negatively charged suspension, the distribution of the particle sizes d of the nanoparticles is: particles with a d <20nm comprise 5-15 wt% of the total nanoparticles.
According to some embodiments of the method of the invention, in the negatively charged suspension, the distribution of the particle sizes d of the nanoparticles is: the particles with d being more than or equal to 20nm and less than or equal to 60nm account for 15 to 25 weight percent of the total nanoparticles.
According to some embodiments of the method of the invention, in the negatively charged suspension, the distribution of the particle sizes d of the nanoparticles is: particles with a < 30nm < d <100nm comprise 20-30 wt% of the total nanoparticles.
According to some embodiments of the method of the invention, in a negatively charged suspension, the nanoparticles have a particle size d distribution of: the particles with the d being more than or equal to 100nm account for 40-55 wt% of the total nanoparticles.
In the present invention, the solvent of the positively charged suspension and the negatively charged suspension may be water, but is not limited thereto.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the conductive solution is water and/or saturated sodium chloride.
According to some embodiments of the method of the invention, the calcium ion-containing liquid is a basic calcium ion-containing liquid, more preferably a saturated calcium hydroxide solution.
According to some embodiments of the method according to the invention, the amount of positively charged suspension, negatively charged suspension, conducting solution and calcium ion containing liquid is such as to enable submerging the upper surface of the wood to be treated.
According to some embodiments of the method according to the invention, the output voltage is set to 80V when the diameter D <10cm of the wood to be treated.
According to some embodiments of the methods of the present invention, the output voltage is set to 110V when D ≦ 15 of 10 cm.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the output voltage is set to 150V when 15cm < D <20 cm.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the output voltage is set to 180V when 20cm ≦ D <25 cm.
According to some embodiments of the methods of the present invention, the output voltage is set to 220V when D ≧ 25 cm.
In the present invention, the diameter D means the maximum diameter of the wood to be treated.
According to some embodiments of the methods of the present invention, the first energization time in S3 is 1.5 to 2.5 hours.
According to some embodiments of the methods of the present invention, the second energization time in S4 is 2 to 5 hours.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the drying conditions comprise: the temperature is 70-80 ℃ and the time is 48-96 h. The drying may be carried out in a drying oven.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the conductive liquid in S1 is water and/or a saturated sodium chloride solution. Preferably, the soaking time is 12-48 h.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the wood may be processed or unprocessed wood.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, the wood may be, but is not limited to, one or more of poplar, pine, and camphorwood.
According to some embodiments of the method of the present invention, a method of wood strengthening treatment comprises the steps of:
s1, performing soaking pretreatment on the wood to be treated in a conductive liquid;
s2, enabling the wood subjected to soaking pretreatment to pass through holes of an anode water tank, a soaking water tank and a cathode water tank respectively, wherein one end of the wood to be treated is located in the anode water tank, the middle section of the wood to be treated is located in the soaking water tank, and the other end of the wood to be treated is located in the cathode water tank and is fixed;
s3, fixing electrodes at two ends of the wood in the anode water tank and the cathode water tank respectively;
s4, injecting suspension with positive electricity into the anode water tank, injecting a conductive solution into the soaking water tank, and injecting suspension with negative electricity into the cathode water tank, wherein the suspension in the anode water tank and the suspension in the cathode water tank have different electronegativities;
s5, selecting proper voltage according to the cross section area of the selected wood, switching on a power supply, and under the action of an electric field force, enabling the positively charged nanoparticles in the anode water tank to directionally migrate and deposit to the end part of the wood connected with the negative electrode of the power supply through the pores in the wood, and enabling the negatively charged nanoparticles in the cathode water tank to directionally migrate and deposit to the end part of the wood connected with the positive electrode of the power supply through the pores in the wood;
s6, after electrifying for 1.5-2.5h, turning off the power supply, replacing the conductive solution in the soaking water tank with liquid containing calcium ions, turning on the power supply again, and electrifying for 2-5h for the second time;
s7, turning off the power supply and taking out the wood;
and S8, drying to obtain the strengthened wood.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a new device and a method for improving the wood strengthening performance by adopting an electrochemical technology, which can ensure that nano particles with different electronegativities are directionally transmitted and deposited in the internal pores of the wood under the driving of an electric field force, reduce the porosity of the wood and improve the density of the wood. At the same time, Ca in the calcium ion-containing liquid2+The gel with the gelling property generated by the reaction of the water-based nano silica sol particles and the negatively charged nano particle suspension is introduced, and can be effectively glued with fibers in the wood, thereby realizing the mineralization of the wood and improving the strength and the dimensional stability of the wood.
2. The wood strengthening treatment method is economical and environment-friendly, is simple and convenient to operate, has a good treatment effect, and effectively solves the problem that the properties of all parts of the wood are not uniform after the wood is strengthened by the traditional method.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an apparatus for wood strengthening treatment provided in example 1 of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1. An anode water tank 2, a soaking water tank 3 and a cathode water tank
4-1, positive electrode 4-2, negative electrode 5, and hole
6. Power supply 7, lead 8 and drain valve
9. Pulley 10, liquid leakage proof pad 11, wood
Detailed Description
In order that the present invention may be more readily understood, the following detailed description of the invention is given by way of example only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
[ example 1 ]
An apparatus for strengthening wood, as shown in fig. 1, comprises an anode water tank 1, a soaking water tank 2, a cathode water tank 3, and a power supply part, wherein a hole 5 is arranged on the side wall of each of the anode water tank 1, the soaking water tank 2, and the cathode water tank 3. The holes 5 are used for supporting the wood 11 to be treated, one end of the wood is positioned in the anode water tank 1, the middle section of the wood is positioned in the soaking water tank 2, the other end of the wood is positioned in the cathode water tank 3, and the holes 5 are provided with leakage-proof rubber gaskets (leakage-proof gaskets 10). The bottom parts of the side walls of the anode water tank 1, the soaking water tank 2 and the cathode water tank 3 are provided with a liquid discharge valve 8 for discharging liquid in the water tanks, and the bottom parts are provided with pulleys 9. The power supply part comprises a group of electrodes connected with a direct current voltage-stabilizing output power supply 6 and a lead 7, the electrodes comprise a positive electrode 4-1 and a negative electrode 4-2, the positive electrode 4-1 and the negative electrode 4-2 are made of titanium meshes, and the positive electrode 4-1 and the negative electrode 4-2 are respectively connected with two ends of wood to be treated. The power supply part is used for providing electric field force, so that the mineral particles with different electronegativities contained in the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank enter the interior of the wood board to be treated.
[ example 2 ]
The utility model provides an equipment for timber intensive treatment, includes positive pole basin, soaks basin and negative pole basin to and the power supply part, the lateral wall of positive pole basin, soaking basin and negative pole basin all sets up 3 holes. The 1 hole of every basin is used for supporting 1 piece timber (totally 3 pieces timber to be handled) to make ligneous one end be located the positive pole basin, the middle section is located and soaks the basin, and the other end is located the negative pole basin, and the hole all sets up leak protection rubber packing ring (leak protection liquid gasket). And the bottoms of the side walls of the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank are provided with liquid discharge valves for discharging liquid in the water tanks. The power supply part comprises 3 groups of electrodes connected with a direct current voltage-stabilizing output power supply (power supply) and a lead, each group of electrodes comprises a positive electrode and a negative electrode, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are made of titanium meshes, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode of each group of electrodes are respectively connected with two ends of 1 piece of wood to be treated. The power supply part is used for providing electric field force, so that the mineral particles with different electronegativities contained in the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank enter the interior of the wood board to be treated.
[ example 3 ]
A method of wood strengthening treatment using the wood strengthening treatment apparatus of example 1, comprising the steps of:
firstly, wood pretreatment: 1 piece of poplar wood with the diameter D of 13cm and the length of 5m is selected, soaked in a saturated sodium chloride solution for 24 hours and then taken out to obtain wood 11 to be treated, which is soaked in a conductive liquid;
secondly, the wood 11 obtained in the first step passes through the holes 5 of the anode water tank 1, the soaking water tank 2 and the cathode water tank 3 shown in the figure 1, and a leak-proof rubber gasket (a leak-proof gasket 10) is used for blocking gaps between the wood and the holes and fixing the wood;
thirdly, as shown in figure 1, the electrodes are tightly buckled on the wood, one end of the wood is tightly buckled with a positive electrode 4-1, the other end of the wood is tightly buckled with a negative electrode 4-2, and the positive electrode 4-1 and the negative electrode 4-2 at the two ends of the wood are respectively connected with the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply 6 by leads;
fourthly, injecting a positively charged suspension (15 wt% of nano calcium carbonate particle suspension, 9 wt% of particles with the particle size of d <20nm, 18 wt% of particles with the particle size of d < 60nm, 27 wt% of particles with the particle size of 60nm < d <100nm, 46 wt% of particles with the particle size of d > 100 nm) into an anode water tank shown in the figure 1, injecting a conductive solution (saturated sodium chloride solution) into a soaking water tank, and injecting a negatively charged suspension (15 wt% of nano silica sol particle suspension, 24 wt% of particles with the particle size of d <20nm, 17 wt% of particles with the particle size of d < 60nm, 24 wt% of particles with the particle size of 60nm < d <100nm, 48 wt% of particles with the particle size of d > 100 nm) into a cathode water tank, and the suspension in the anode water tank and the suspension in the cathode water tank have different electronegativities, so that the positively charged suspension, the conductive solution and the negatively charged suspension injected into the water tank can be respectively immersed on the upper surface of the wood.
Set the output voltage as 110V, turn on the power supply shown in figure 1 to electrify.
Sixthly, after the wood is electrified for 2 hours, the power supply is turned off. Opening a drain valve 8 of the soaking water tank, discharging the conductive solution (saturated sodium chloride solution) in the soaking water tank, replacing the conductive solution with saturated calcium hydroxide solution, then turning on a power supply, electrifying the wood for 2 hours, and then turning off the power supply. After the drain valves were opened to make the liquid levels in the anode tank, the soaking tank, and the cathode tank lower than the lower edges of the leak-proof rubber gaskets (leak-proof gaskets 10), the leak-proof rubber gaskets (leak-proof gaskets), the positive electrodes, and the negative electrodes were removed, and the wood was taken out.
Seventhly, placing the wood obtained in the step sixthly in an environment with the temperature of 75 +/-2 ℃ for air drying treatment for 72 hours to obtain the strengthened wood.
[ example 4 ]
A method of wood strengthening treatment using the wood strengthening treatment apparatus of example 2, comprising the steps of:
firstly, wood pretreatment: selecting 3 pieces of poplar wood, wherein the diameter D of each piece of poplar wood is 13cm, the length of each piece of poplar wood is 5m, and soaking the poplar wood in a saturated sodium chloride solution for 24 hours and then taking out the poplar wood to obtain wood to be treated after soaking treatment by a conductive liquid;
secondly, enabling the 3 pieces of wood obtained in the first step to respectively pass through holes of an anode water tank, a soaking water tank and a cathode water tank, blocking gaps between the wood and the holes by using leakage-proof rubber gaskets (leakage-proof gaskets), and fixing the wood;
fastening the electrodes on the wood, fastening one end of each wood with a positive electrode and the other end with a negative electrode, and connecting the positive and negative electrodes at the two ends of the wood with the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply respectively by using wires;
injecting a positively charged suspension (13 wt% of nano calcium carbonate particle suspension, the distribution of the particle diameters d of the nano particles is that the particles with the diameter d of less than 20nm account for 9 wt% of the total nano particles, the particles with the diameter d of less than or equal to 20nm account for 18 wt% of the total nano particles, the particles with the diameter d of less than or equal to 60nm account for 27 wt% of the total nano particles, and the particles with the diameter d of more than or equal to 100nm account for 46 wt% of the total nano particles), injecting a conductive solution (saturated sodium chloride solution) into the soaking water tank, and injecting a negatively charged suspension (15 wt% of nano silicon sol particle suspension, the distribution of the particle diameters d of the nano particles is that the particles with the diameter d of less than 20nm account for 11 wt% of the total nano particles, the particles with the diameter d of less than or equal to 60nm account for 17 wt% of the total nano particles, the particles with the diameter d of more than or equal to 60nm account for 24 wt% of the total nano particles, and the particles with the diameter d of more than or equal to 100nm account for 48 wt% of the total nano particles, and the suspension in the anode water tank and the suspension in the cathode water tank have different electronegativities, so that the positively charged suspension, the conductive solution and the negatively charged suspension injected into the water tank can be respectively immersed on the upper surface of the wood.
And fifthly, setting the output voltage to be 110V, and turning on a power supply to electrify.
Sixthly, after the 3 pieces of wood are respectively electrified for 2 hours, the power supply is turned off. Opening a drain valve of the soaking water tank, discharging the conductive solution (saturated sodium chloride solution) in the soaking water tank, changing the conductive solution into a saturated calcium hydroxide solution, then turning on a power supply, electrifying the wood for 2 hours, 3 hours, 4 hours and 5 hours respectively, and then turning off the power supply. After the drain valves are opened to make the liquid levels in the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank lower than the lower edge of the leakage-proof rubber gasket (leakage-proof gasket), the positive electrode and the negative electrode are removed, and the wood is taken out.
Seventhly, placing the 3 pieces of wood obtained in the step (c) in an environment with the temperature of 25 +/-2 ℃ for air drying treatment, and obtaining the strengthened wood after the air drying time is 72 hours.
Comparative example 1
1 piece of poplar wood was selected, 13cm in diameter D and 5m in length, following the procedure of example 3, except that the positively charged suspension and the negatively charged suspension were both water.
[ test examples ]
Random sampling is carried out at the position 1m away from the two ends of the wood and the middle section of the wood, the wood of the examples 3-4 and the wood of the comparative example 1 are respectively tested according to GB/T17657 plus 2013 test method for physical and chemical properties of artificial boards and decorative artificial boards, the density, elastic modulus, bending and static strength and wear resistance data are measured, and the results are shown in Table 1. Wherein, the left end is the left end which is the distance from the left end point of the wood to 1 meter, and the sampling is carried out. The right end is the right end which is the distance from the right end point of the wood to 1 meter, and sampling is carried out. The middle part means that one meter except the left end and the right end is the middle part, and random sampling is carried out.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002682760660000101
The results in table 1 show that when the wood strengthening device and the electrochemical strengthening method provided by the invention are used for strengthening wood, under the drive of electric field force, nano mineral particles are directionally transmitted and deposited in pores in the wood, the texture of the mineralized wood obtained after the mineralized wood is cemented with wood fibers is uniform, and the density, the elastic modulus, the flexural strength and the surface wear resistance of the obtained wood are obviously improved. Meanwhile, the novel wood strengthening method and the novel wood strengthening equipment provided by the invention solve the defects of complex steps, complex process, time and labor waste and environmental pollution caused by the traditional wood strengthening method. The method is rapid, efficient, energy-saving and environment-friendly, and has extremely high popularization and application values.
What has been described above is merely a preferred example of the present invention. It should be noted that other equivalent variations and modifications can be made by those skilled in the art based on the technical teaching provided by the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be considered.

Claims (23)

1. The equipment for strengthening the wood comprises an anode water tank, a soaking water tank, a cathode water tank and a power supply part, wherein the side walls of the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank are provided with at least one hole;
the holes are used for supporting the wood to be treated, one end of the wood is positioned in the anode water tank, the middle section of the wood is positioned in the soaking water tank, and the other end of the wood is positioned in the cathode water tank;
the power supply part is used for providing electric field force, so that mineral particles with different electronegativities and contained in the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank enter the interior of the wood board to be treated.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the power supply comprises at least one set of electrodes connected to a power source and a wire, each set of electrodes comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the power supply is a dc regulated output power supply.
4. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein the electrode is of a material selected from one or more of a titanium mesh, a steel mesh and a copper mesh.
5. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the holes are each provided with a fluid-tight gasket.
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the fluid-tight gasket is a fluid-tight rubber gasket.
7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a drain valve for draining the anode tank, the soaking tank and the cathode tank.
8. A method of wood strengthening treatment comprising the steps of:
s1, allowing the wood to be treated, which is soaked in the conductive liquid, to pass through the holes of the anode water tank, the soaking water tank and the cathode water tank, wherein one end of the wood to be treated is positioned in the anode water tank, the middle section of the wood to be treated is positioned in the soaking water tank, and the other end of the wood to be treated is positioned in the cathode water tank;
s2, connecting the power supply parts with two ends of the wood to be treated respectively, then injecting suspension with positive electricity into the anode water tank, injecting conductive solution into the soaking water tank, and injecting suspension with negative electricity into the cathode water tank, wherein the suspension in the anode water tank and the suspension in the cathode water tank have different electronegativities;
s3, carrying out first electrification and power failure on the wood to be processed;
and S4, replacing the conductive liquid in the soaking water tank with liquid containing calcium ions, and carrying out second electrification on the wood to be treated.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the positively charged suspension is selected from a suspension of nano calcium carbonate particles and/or a suspension of nano calcium silicate particles.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the nano calcium carbonate content of the nano calcium carbonate particle suspension is 5 to 10 wt.%.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the nano calcium silicate content of the suspension of nano calcium silicate particles is 5 to 15 wt%.
12. The method according to claim 9, wherein the particle size d distribution of the nanoparticles in the positively charged suspension is: particles with a d <20nm comprise 5-15 wt.% of the total nanoparticles; and/or, the particles with d being more than or equal to 20nm and less than or equal to 60nm account for 15 to 25 weight percent of the total nanoparticles; and/or particles with a d < 60nm <100nm comprise 25-35 wt.% of the total nanoparticles; and/or the particles with the d being more than or equal to 100nm account for 40-55 wt% of the total nanoparticles.
13. A method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the negatively charged suspension is a suspension of water-soluble nanosilica sol particles.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the nanosilica sol is present in the suspension in an amount of 5 to 15% by weight.
15. The method according to claim 13, wherein the nanoparticles have a particle size d distribution in the negatively charged suspension of: particles with a d <20nm comprise 5-15 wt.% of the total nanoparticles; and/or, the particles with d being more than or equal to 20nm and less than or equal to 60nm account for 15 to 25 weight percent of the total nanoparticles; and/or particles with a < 30nm < d <100nm comprise 20-30 wt.% of the total nanoparticles; and/or the particles with the d being more than or equal to 100nm account for 40-55 wt% of the total nanoparticles.
16. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the conductive solution is water and/or saturated sodium chloride.
17. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the calcium ion-containing liquid is a basic calcium ion-containing liquid.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the calcium ion-containing liquid is a saturated calcium hydroxide solution.
19. A method according to any one of claims 8-12, characterized in that the output voltage is set to 80V when the diameter D <10cm of the wood to be treated; and/or when D is more than or equal to 10cm and less than or equal to 15, the output voltage is set to be 110V; and/or, when 15cm < D <20cm, the output voltage is set to 150V; and/or when D is more than or equal to 20cm and less than 25cm, the output voltage is set to be 180V; and/or when the D is larger than or equal to 25cm, the output voltage is set to be 220V.
20. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the first energization time in S3 is 1.5 to 2.5 hours.
21. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein the second energization time in S4 is 2 to 5 hours.
22. The method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, wherein after S4, the method further comprises drying.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the drying conditions comprise: the temperature is 70-80 ℃ and the time is 48-96 h.
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CN102152356A (en) * 2011-03-23 2011-08-17 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 Method for preparing densified woods through silica sol
CN104626304A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-05-20 浙江大学 Outer electric field in-situ reinforcing device and outer electric field in-situ reinforcing method used for saturated wooden cultural relic
CN104858963A (en) * 2014-12-25 2015-08-26 王玉燕 Nano calcium carbonate /wood composite material production method
CN108608530A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-10-02 赵顺全 A kind of preparation method of bending resistance bamboo fiberboard

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56144909A (en) * 1980-04-15 1981-11-11 Kazuo Inomata Method of preventing split of natural bamboo and reinforcing said bamboo

Patent Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102152356A (en) * 2011-03-23 2011-08-17 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 Method for preparing densified woods through silica sol
CN104858963A (en) * 2014-12-25 2015-08-26 王玉燕 Nano calcium carbonate /wood composite material production method
CN104626304A (en) * 2015-01-28 2015-05-20 浙江大学 Outer electric field in-situ reinforcing device and outer electric field in-situ reinforcing method used for saturated wooden cultural relic
CN108608530A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-10-02 赵顺全 A kind of preparation method of bending resistance bamboo fiberboard

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