CN112077368B - Multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method - Google Patents
Multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112077368B CN112077368B CN202010826175.3A CN202010826175A CN112077368B CN 112077368 B CN112077368 B CN 112077368B CN 202010826175 A CN202010826175 A CN 202010826175A CN 112077368 B CN112077368 B CN 112077368B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B47/00—Constructional features of components specially designed for boring or drilling machines; Accessories therefor
- B23B47/28—Drill jigs for workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment on boring machines for positioning or guiding the drill; Devices for indicating failure of drills during boring; Centering devices for holes to be bored
- B23B49/02—Boring templates or bushings
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Abstract
A multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method guarantees the position precision of matched punching of a pull rod joint and a flange through a positioning device and a drill bushing, avoids punching deviation caused by displacement and rotation in the multi-degree-of-freedom direction of a joint, improves the assembling and adjusting efficiency, ensures the coaxiality and the matching precision of an upper hole position and a lower hole position of the pull rod joint and an upper hole of the flange through properly prolonging the length of a guide part of the drill bushing, enables a subsequent screw fastener to be smoothly installed, effectively solves the problem of the installation precision of the pull rod and the flange, guarantees the reliable connection of the pull rod and the flange, guarantees the correct installation of a satellite propulsion system, and has great significance for the subsequent reliable and normal work of the propulsion system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method, and belongs to the technical field of space structure precision assembly.
Background
The satellite can bear huge overload transmitted from a carrier rocket in the launching process, so that the satellite structure and instruments carried on the satellite must be ensured to be safe and reliable, and have normal working precision. The satellite propulsion system is an important component of the satellite and is used for guiding the orbital transfer of the satellite after the satellite is separated from a rocket and adjusting and controlling the attitude of the satellite when the satellite works in a space orbit. The satellite propulsion system is formed by installing and welding a storage tank, an engine and various pipe valves through pipes with different diameters according to a certain sequence and trend. The quality of the installation of the satellite propulsion system is directly related to the success or failure of the satellite. The storage tank is an important device of a propulsion system, the storage tank is generally pre-installed on a storage tank bracket or a butt-joint ring, and the upper end of the storage tank is connected and fixed with a star body through a transfer flange assembly and a storage tank top pull rod.
Before the storage tank is installed on a bearing cylinder or a hydrazine bottle support, the surface of the storage tank needs to be pasted with a heating sheet and implemented with a plurality of layers of thermal control, and then the storage tank pull rod and the adapter flange assembly are installed. Along with the increasing satellite size, the height of a high satellite propulsion cabin with an upper part provided with a support and a rotary table can reach 2-3 m, the lifting vehicle cannot approach the joint of a pull rod joint during high-altitude operation, only can lean out to operate, and the risk that tools and standard parts fall off is caused. In addition, after the storage tank is subjected to thermal control work, holes of the pull rod and the flange are directly matched and punched on the star, so that great difficulty is brought to control of excess materials, and fine scraps fall into the star body. The control on the redundancy in the assembly process of the satellite is very strict, particularly the propulsion system is more sensitive to the redundancy, if the redundancy enters, the propulsion system cannot work normally, and the success or failure of the launching task is related.
The hole that the storage box pull rod is connected with the adapter flange is base hole clearance fit, the maximum clearance is generally less than 0.05mm, the fit precision is higher, and good size precision is guaranteed during punching. The precision requirement of the position of a hole matched and punched on the adapter flange is high, the requirement depends on the mounting position of the storage box on the star, after the storage box is mounted, the central line of the pull rod joint is aligned with the central line of the adapter flange, the storage box pull rod mounting hole on the adapter flange is matched by taking the through hole of the pull rod as a reference, the verticality of the hole on the flange is guaranteed to be within 0.02mm, otherwise, a subsequent bolt cannot smoothly pass through an upper layer hole of the pull rod joint, the hole on the flange and a lower layer hole of the pull rod joint, and the stress in the pull rod is generated. If the pull rod and the flange are detached and separated from the storage box for matching and punching, the flange has six degrees of freedom, so that the form and position tolerance of the hole cannot be guaranteed, and the hole cannot be reassembled. In order to solve the problem, the conventional technology generally adopts a method of directly drilling a pull rod and a flange hole on a satellite, and the scale marks of the pull rod and the scale marks of the flange are aligned by a method of visual aiming by human eyes, and then holes are directly drilled on the satellite, so that the method has the following defects in practical application:
inconvenient operation and low efficiency. When punching, the operating personnel need take the mode implementation operation of lift truck, and one hand is fixed pull rod and flange, and one hand punches. The flange is generally provided with more than one hole-punching position, and an operator can only complete one hole-punching operation at each time and then perform the next hole-punching operation, so that the efficiency is very low. Moreover, the operator can extend out of the body of the lift truck for a long time to carry out the operation, so that the operator is easy to fatigue and has potential safety hazards;
the operation precision is limited, and the installation of the storage tank is influenced. The manual aiming and fixing mode is adopted, so that the method is very inaccurate, has strong subjectivity and high risk, cannot ensure the punching position precision and size precision, and seriously depends on the skill and experience of an operator;
the excess will enter the star. The punching operation is directly finished on the satellite, so that a lot of fine scraps are generated, and great difficulty is brought to control of the redundant materials;
when the punching precision of a plurality of connecting pin holes of the flange and the pull rod cannot be guaranteed, the storage box cannot be installed in place easily, and the pull rod can pull the storage box to incline, so that the installation precision of the storage box is influenced.
Therefore, the installation work of the storage tank pull rod and the adapter flange assembly is a key for reliable installation of the storage tank, is one of the most important links in the satellite assembly process, and has great significance for ensuring the accurate installation and reliable work of the propulsion system by ensuring the dimensional precision and form and position tolerance of the installation of the storage tank pull rod and the adapter flange assembly.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the problems of low operation efficiency and poor punching precision in the prior art and the traditional technology, the multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method is provided.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method comprises the following steps:
(1) establishing a satellite storage box installation reference plane, adjusting all adapter flanges installed on the storage box to be parallel to the satellite storage box installation reference plane, and determining the installation relation between each pull rod joint installed on the propulsion cabin and the corresponding adapter flange;
(2) measuring and adjusting the adapter flange, the pull rod joint corresponding to each adapter flange and a satellite storage box installation reference plane to be parallel to each other, aligning the angle center line of the adapter flange scale and the center line of the pull rod joint scale, and installing a positioning device on the pull rod joint to enable the side edge of the positioning device to be superposed with the adapter flange scale mark and the pull rod joint scale mark;
(3) the positioning device, the pull rod joint and the adapter flange are fixedly connected by using a fixing clamp;
(4) installing a drill bushing on a connecting hole of the pull rod joint, determining the positions of all central holes according to the connection requirement of the storage box, and marking all the central holes with specified depth on the surface of one side of the adapter flange by using a drill bit through the drill bushing;
(5) the fixed adapter flange and the pull rod joint are detached, a drill bushing is utilized to open a center hole on one side surface of the adapter flange to the other side surface of the adapter flange, the drill bushing is removed to ream the center hole until the aperture of the center hole is smaller than the aperture 0.2mm required by the connection of the storage box, cuttings are cleaned, and reaming allowance is reserved;
(6) and (4) reinstalling the reamed adapter flange and the pull rod joint between the storage box and the propulsion cabin, paving the adapter flange and the pull rod joint with yellow paper, performing reaming and reaming again until the central hole of the adapter flange is processed to the final aperture size required by the connection of the storage box, and installing a screw fastener at the central hole of the pull rod joint and the adapter flange.
The number of the adapter flanges corresponding to the pull rod joints is determined according to the connection requirements of the storage tank, the adapter flanges are installed on the storage tank, the pull rod joints are installed on the propulsion cabin, and the storage tank is connected with the propulsion cabin through the connection of the adapter flanges and the pull rod joints.
In the step (2), the adapter flange and the pull rod joint are assembled in a stress-free mode, and the angle center line of the scale of the adapter flange and the center line of the scale of the pull rod joint are aligned to the same straight line in the assembling process.
The outer diameter of the drill bushing is the same as the diameter of the connecting hole, the inner diameter range of the drill bushing is 2-3 mm, and the length of the drill bushing is larger than the wall thickness of one side of the pull rod joint.
In the step (4), the specified depth range of the central hole is 1-1.5 mm, and the diameter of the drill bit is consistent with the inner diameter of the drill bushing.
The wall thickness of one side of the pull rod joint is 5mm, and the length range of the drill bushing is 5-6 times of the wall thickness of one side of the pull rod joint.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method provided by the invention effectively solves the problem of the mounting precision of the pull rod and the flange, ensures the dimensional precision and form and position tolerance of a connecting pin hole of the pull rod and the adapter flange assembly of the storage tank, ensures the position precision of the matched punching of the pull rod joint and the flange through the positioning device and the drill bushing, avoids punching deviation caused by displacement and rotation in the multi-degree-of-freedom direction of the connecting part, improves the assembling and adjusting efficiency, reduces the assembling stress among connecting pieces, ensures the reliable connection of the pull rod and the flange, provides guarantee for the correct mounting of a satellite propulsion system, and has great significance for the subsequent reliable and normal work of the propulsion system.
(2) The single-layer wall thickness of the pull rod joint adopted by the invention is only 5mm generally, the length of the guide part of the drill bushing is properly prolonged to be 5 times to 6 times of the single-layer wall thickness of the pull rod joint, the verticality of hole positions can be ensured, the coaxiality and the matching precision of the upper hole position and the lower hole position of the pull rod joint and the upper hole position of the flange are ensured, the subsequent screw fastener can be smoothly installed, meanwhile, the difficulty of punching on a large satellite is reduced through the hole matched outside the cabin and the hinged hole matched on the cabin, the risk of high-altitude operation is reduced, the size precision and the position precision of the punching are ensured, and most importantly, a large amount of cutting scraps can be prevented from entering the propelling cabin during punching, so that the thermal control and the pipeline which are already made in the cabin are influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the assembly of the tie rod joint and the positioning device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a drill bushing structure provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a positioning method provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the mounting of a tank drawbar and adaptor flange assembly according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
A multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method can achieve accurate installation of a pull rod joint and a transfer flange and guarantee dimensional accuracy and form and position tolerance of a matched central hole, as shown in figure 4, alignment of the transfer flange and the pull rod joint is conducted by establishing a satellite storage box installation reference plane, after alignment of scales is guaranteed through a positioning device, the pull rod joint and the transfer flange are fixedly connected through a fixing clamping flange, central hole drilling and reaming are continuously conducted through cooperation of a drill sleeve and a drill bit, finally, hole reaming and reaming are conducted on the pull rod joint and the transfer flange which are assembled and disassembled again, and after the central hole matching is finished, positioning, adjusting and positioning of the transfer flange and the pull rod joint are completed.
As shown in fig. 1, 2, and 5, the positioning device includes: 1 is a pull rod joint, 2 is a transfer flange, 3 is a drill bushing, 4 is a drill bit, 5 is a positioning device, and 6 is a fixed clamping flange; in the matching and drilling process, a central hole needs to be drilled on the adapter flange every time a pull rod connector needs to be connected, the working stage on the star body is from the assembling stage to the hole drilling stage, the hole expanding work implemented outside the star body is performed subsequently, and the subsequent unified hole drilling work is implemented on the star body again.
In the process of punching the central holes, all the central holes are punched at the same time, and meanwhile, a plurality of positioning devices are used for punching, reaming and reaming on the satellite so as to improve the efficiency.
The following is further illustrated with reference to specific examples:
the installation of the tie rod and the adapter flange component at the top of the storage box of a certain type of large satellite propulsion cabin is taken as an example for explanation:
this satellite has arranged four storage tanks, and adapter flange all passes through three pull rods and star fixed connection on every storage tank, and twelve pull rods total, the pull rod joint is very huge with adapter flange cooperation punching work load, and the cooperation tolerance requirement of centre bore hole site is phi 9(H7/g6), and specific flow includes:
(1) selecting measurement points on all pull rod joints at the top of the propulsion cabin by means of a laser tracker, establishing a satellite storage box installation reference plane as a reference plane for joint pull rod conversion, adjusting all adapter flanges installed on the storage box to be parallel to the satellite storage box installation reference plane through a circular gasket, and determining the installation relation between each pull rod joint installed on the propulsion cabin and the corresponding adapter flange;
(2) installing adapter flanges on a storage box, measuring and adjusting the adapter flanges, enabling the adapter flanges to correspond to pull rod joints and installing reference planes of a satellite storage box to be parallel to each other, ensuring that the adapter flanges and the pull rod joints can be smoothly connected without mutual interference, being capable of assembling without stress, preparing for subsequent pin hole assembling and punching work, aligning angle center lines of scales of the adapter flanges and center lines of scales of the pull rod joints, installing a positioning device on the pull rod joints, and enabling the side edges of the positioning device to be overlapped with scale lines of the adapter flanges and scale lines of the pull rod joints;
(3) in the embodiment, each adapter flange is required to be connected with three pull rod joints, the three pull rod joints are used for fixedly connecting the positioning device, the pull rod joints and the adapter flange by using the clamp flange, the adapter flange and the pull rod joints are all arranged and adjusted in place on the star body, the final stable connection state after the two connection states are compositely matched and drilled is ensured, the multiple degrees of freedom of the connection part are limited, the displacement and rotation in multiple directions cannot occur, and the difficulty in subsequent composite installation cannot be brought;
(4) installing a drill bushing on a connecting hole of the pull rod joint, determining the position of a central hole according to the connection requirement of a storage box, and marking out the central hole with a specified depth on the surface of one side of the adapter flange by using a drill bit through the drill bushing; as shown in fig. 3, the outer diameter of the drill bushing is the same as the diameter of the connecting hole, the inner diameter of the drill bushing ranges from 2mm to 3mm, the length of the drill bushing is larger than the wall thickness of one side of the pull rod joint, the specified depth range of the central hole ranges from 1 mm to 1.5mm, and the diameter of the drill bit is consistent with the inner diameter of the drill bushing; the wall thickness of one side of the pull rod joint is 5mm, and the length range of the drill bushing is 5-6 times of the wall thickness of one side of the pull rod joint; the process needs to be protected to prevent the excess from falling into the star. Central holes are required to be scribed at the three connecting positions of the flange;
(5) in order to avoid pollution of surplus objects, the fixed adapter flange and the pull rod joint are detached from the star body, then the assembled drill bushing is used for drilling the center hole on the surface of one side of the adapter flange to the surface of the other side of the adapter flange, the drill bushing is taken down and then is used for reaming the center hole on a machine tool, a small hole of 3mm is reamed to a pin front hole of 8.8mm, a reaming allowance is reserved until the aperture of the center hole is smaller than the aperture of 0.2mm required by connection of a storage box, and chips are cleaned and the reaming allowance is reserved;
(6) and (4) reinstalling the counterbored adapter flange and the pull rod joint obtained in the step (5) between the storage tank and the propulsion cabin, covering the adapter flange and the pull rod joint with yellow paper, performing counterbored and reaming again until the central hole of the adapter flange is machined from phi 8.8mm to the final aperture size phi 9mm required by the connection of the storage tank, installing a screw fastener at the central hole of the pull rod joint and the adapter flange, and completing the positioning, measuring and adjusting of the adapter flange and the pull rod joint after the central holes are matched and drilled.
(7) And (5) repeating the steps (4) to (6) until the central holes corresponding to all the pull rod joints are matched, and finishing the positioning, measuring and adjusting of the adapter flange and the pull rod joints.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the details of the invention not described in detail in this specification are well within the skill of those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. A multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) establishing a satellite storage box installation reference plane, adjusting all adapter flanges installed on the storage box to be parallel to the satellite storage box installation reference plane, and determining the installation relation between each pull rod joint installed on the propulsion cabin and the corresponding adapter flange;
(2) measuring and adjusting the adapter flange, the pull rod joint corresponding to each adapter flange and a satellite storage box installation reference plane to be parallel to each other, aligning the angle center line of the adapter flange scale and the center line of the pull rod joint scale, and installing a positioning device on the pull rod joint to enable the side edge of the positioning device to be superposed with the adapter flange scale mark and the pull rod joint scale mark;
(3) the positioning device, the pull rod joint and the adapter flange are fixedly connected by using a fixing clamp;
(4) installing a drill bushing on a connecting hole of the pull rod joint, determining the positions of all central holes according to the connection requirement of the storage box, and marking all the central holes with specified depth on the surface of one side of the adapter flange by using a drill bit through the drill bushing;
(5) the fixed adapter flange and the pull rod joint are detached, a drill bushing is utilized to open a center hole on one side surface of the adapter flange to the other side surface of the adapter flange, the drill bushing is removed to ream the center hole until the aperture of the center hole is smaller than the aperture 0.2mm required by the connection of the storage box, cuttings are cleaned, and reaming allowance is reserved;
(6) reinstalling the chambered adapter flange and the pull rod joint between the storage box and the propulsion cabin, paving the chambered adapter flange and the pull rod joint by using yellow paper, then carrying out chambered and reaming again until the central hole of the adapter flange is processed to the final aperture size required by the connection of the storage box, and installing screw fasteners at the central holes of the connection of the pull rod joint and the adapter flange;
the number of the adapter flanges corresponding to the pull rod joints is determined according to the connection requirements of the storage tank, the adapter flanges are installed on the storage tank, the pull rod joints are installed on the propulsion cabin, and the storage tank is connected with the propulsion cabin through the connection of the adapter flanges and the pull rod joints.
2. The method for measuring, adjusting and positioning the posture of the multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step (2), the adapter flange and the pull rod joint are assembled in a stress-free mode, and the angle center line of the scale of the adapter flange and the center line of the scale of the pull rod joint are aligned to the same straight line in the assembling process.
3. The method for measuring, adjusting and positioning the posture of the multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
the outer diameter of the drill bushing is the same as the diameter of the connecting hole, the inner diameter range of the drill bushing is 2-3 mm, and the length of the drill bushing is larger than the wall thickness of one side of the pull rod joint.
4. The method for measuring, adjusting and positioning the posture of the multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
in the step (4), the specified depth range of the central hole is 1-1.5 mm, and the diameter of the drill bit is consistent with the inner diameter of the drill bushing.
5. The multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method according to claim 4, characterized in that:
the wall thickness of one side of the pull rod joint is 5mm, and the length range of the drill bushing is 5-6 times of the wall thickness of one side of the pull rod joint.
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| CN202010826175.3A CN112077368B (en) | 2020-08-17 | 2020-08-17 | Multi-degree-of-freedom pull rod posture measuring, adjusting and positioning method |
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| CN112077368B true CN112077368B (en) | 2022-01-04 |
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| EP1541281A2 (en) * | 1998-02-24 | 2005-06-15 | Mikron SA Agno | Revolving transfer machine |
| CN201776592U (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-03-30 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Annular seam welding device at the bottom of storage box of carrier rocket |
| CN104354874A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2015-02-18 | 北京卫星制造厂 | Unitization structure assembling method for disassembly and reassembly through flexible traction |
| CN109094820A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-12-28 | 上海空间推进研究所 | Ring plate stove formula composite material main force support structure part |
| CN110143292A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-08-20 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Parallel connection tiling tank damping pull rod |
| CN110697087A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-17 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Satellite propulsion service cabin structure |
| CN111039166A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-21 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Segmented structure storage box test tower with hoisting function |
-
2020
- 2020-08-17 CN CN202010826175.3A patent/CN112077368B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1541281A2 (en) * | 1998-02-24 | 2005-06-15 | Mikron SA Agno | Revolving transfer machine |
| CN201776592U (en) * | 2010-08-24 | 2011-03-30 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Annular seam welding device at the bottom of storage box of carrier rocket |
| CN104354874A (en) * | 2014-08-05 | 2015-02-18 | 北京卫星制造厂 | Unitization structure assembling method for disassembly and reassembly through flexible traction |
| CN109094820A (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2018-12-28 | 上海空间推进研究所 | Ring plate stove formula composite material main force support structure part |
| CN110143292A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-08-20 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Parallel connection tiling tank damping pull rod |
| CN110697087A (en) * | 2019-10-24 | 2020-01-17 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Satellite propulsion service cabin structure |
| CN111039166A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-04-21 | 上海航天精密机械研究所 | Segmented structure storage box test tower with hoisting function |
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