CN112076585B

CN112076585B - Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination suit

Info

Publication number: CN112076585B
Application number: CN201910503659.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙鹤; 闫子良; 郑雪玲; 荆彦文; 刘岩; 张瑜; 李瑶; 方涛; 许宏
Original assignee: Beijing Aerospace Kaien Chemical Technology Co ltd; Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology
Current assignee: Beijing Aerospace Kaien Chemical Technology Co ltd; Beijing Institute of Aerospace Testing Technology
Priority date: 2019-06-12
Filing date: 2019-06-12
Publication date: 2022-08-05
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-12
Also published as: CN112076585A

Abstract

The invention relates to a unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination set, which comprises a plurality of decontamination units, wherein each decontamination unit comprises the following components: at least one decontamination packet, each decontamination packet comprising a decontamination powder (1) surrounded by a digestion membrane (2); a diffusion layer (3) surrounding the at least one decontamination envelope; a coating layer (4) wrapping the diffusion layer (3). The plurality of decontamination units are repeatedly arranged in one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional directions to form a decontamination rope, a decontamination blanket or a decontamination pillow. The unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination suit can prevent the adsorbent powder from leaking and improve the decontamination capability of the decontamination agent, is convenient to prepare industrial finished product spare part forms such as decontamination ropes, decontamination blankets or decontamination pillows, is convenient to use and remove, and does not pollute the site.

Description

Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination suit

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of leakage treatment of liquid chemical raw materials, in particular to a unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination set.

Background

Unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is a widely used rocket propellant, and has the properties of flammability, explosiveness and high toxicity. In the process of using the fuel, leakage accidents easily occur, if leakage is not effectively, properly and quickly treated, secondary hazards such as fire, explosion, environmental pollution, personnel poisoning and the like are easily caused, so that leakage emergency treatment equipment is required to be equipped in units and places where the material is frequently used, so that the secondary hazards caused by leakage are reduced or eliminated, and the safety of personnel, environment and property is guaranteed. The operation of cleaning and eliminating the toxic and harmful substances of the leaked liquid is called "decontamination".

Unsym-dimethyl hydrazine belongs to volatile organic compound liquid, is soluble in water and part of organic solvent, and has hydrophilic and alkaline amino groups and hydrophobic methyl groups on molecules and certain polarity, so that theoretically, the unsym-dimethyl hydrazine can be adsorbed and solidified with various adsorption substances to achieve the purpose of leakage emergency treatment.

The research on emergency treatment of dangerous chemical leakage is early carried out abroad, a plurality of mature technologies and equipment are generated, a large number of professional companies and research units are used for industrial production and sale, and representative companies comprise Dupont company, Membranaceae company and the like in the United states. The leaked liquid dangerous chemicals are generally treated by adopting an adsorption curing agent and professional equipment by foreign companies. Companies specialized in leakage prevention and control in China are rare.

At present, the common treatment methods after the leakage of the liquid dangerous chemicals are a covering method, a water mist spraying and washing method, an acid-base neutralization method, an adsorption curing method and the like. Wherein, the covering method, the water mist jetting decontamination method and the acid-base neutralization method all need to use water or similar solvents to achieve the decontamination treatment purpose, which can cause the problems of contamination and flowing of treatment liquid in decontamination places and the failure problem in low-temperature environment. Therefore, the mainstream trend in the field is to select an adsorption curing method to treat unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine leakage, so that the method can control the leakage more quickly, conveniently and effectively, and meets the actual requirements of scientific research, production and use units.

At present, a solid decontaminant for specially leaking unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine is available, and the solid decontaminant is usually a porous solid adsorbent, and is adsorbed by using a simple physical action (physical adsorption), or chemical bonds can be generated between an adsorbate and the surface of the adsorbent (chemical adsorption). These adsorbents are also known as "decontaminants". The adsorbent generally has the following characteristics: large specific surface, proper pore structure and surface structure, and strong adsorption capacity to adsorbate. Adsorbents are key items to deal with leaks. Adsorbents for leak treatment are generally classified into three categories: the first type is an inorganic adsorbent such as silica gel, activated alumina, molecular sieves, natural clays, and the like. The second type is organic natural adsorbent, such as natural materials like chaff, sawdust, cotton, etc. The third class is synthetic adsorbents, which include organic adsorbents, inorganic and mixed adsorbents thereof. These adsorbents are typically packaged in porous wrappers for storage and use. The wrap must be porous so that unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine can penetrate.

Among them, the powder-type adsorbent is more frequently used because it can be packed into a porous wrap to facilitate portability and to customize the shape of the porous wrap. However, the use of powder as the adsorbent has disadvantages that the adsorption capacity of the powder coating is relatively low, and the adsorption ratio (i.e., the ratio of the weight of the adsorbent saturated with liquid to the original weight of the adsorbent) is only about 1.5; more importantly, powders often bleed or leak out of the pores of the wrapping material that encases them, especially when patted or moved, causing secondary powder contamination, which is unacceptable in aerospace applications where field cleanliness is a high requirement. Reducing the pore size of the wrap reduces leakage of the decontaminant powder, but affects the infiltration of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine.

The present invention is proposed in order to solve the above two problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention discloses a unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination set, which comprises a plurality of decontamination units, wherein each decontamination unit comprises the following components:

at least one decontaminant package, each decontaminant package comprising a decontaminant powder 1 wrapped by a decontaminant film 2;

a diffusion layer 3 wrapping the at least one decontamination agent encapsulation bag;

a coating layer 4 wrapping the diffusion layer 3.

Preferably, the formulation of the decontaminant powder 1 is as follows: 1-5% of talcum powder; cellulose acetate: 15% -25%; hydroxyethyl cellulose: 15% -25%; diatomite: 5% -10%; ultra-fine wood fiber: 2.5% -5%; white carbon black: 10% -15%; silica gel micropowder: 20 to 30 percent; polyacrylic amide resin: 5% -15%; methyl silicone oil: 0.1 to 0.3 percent. The preparation process of the decontamination agent powder is as follows: the raw materials are taken according to a certain proportion, ground to below 200 meshes and fully mixed, dried for 0.5-1 h at the temperature of 60 ℃ to prepare the tea beverage, and sealed and stored.

Preferably, the digestion membrane 2 is selected from polyvinyl alcohol membranes.

Preferably, the diffusion layer 3 is selected from hot air woven polypropylene or polyethylene non-woven fabrics, and is formed by multilayer hot pressing into a material with the thickness of 1-3 mm and the density of 100-200 g/m ² 。

Preferably, the coating layer 4 is selected from polypropylene or polyethylene non-woven fabrics woven by hot air, and the density is 40-100 g/m ² 。

The aperture range of the coating layer is suitable for the aperture range of the conventional non-woven fabric packaging material, so that the coating material with a smaller aperture does not need to be selected deliberately, and the material cost is saved conveniently.

More preferably, the plurality of decontamination units are repeatedly arranged in one-dimensional, two-dimensional or three-dimensional directions to form a decontamination rope, a decontamination blanket or a decontamination pillow. The adsorption pillow can be used for treating the propellant leakage in a small amount, a narrow space or a cabin, such as propellant contamination on the surface of equipment and the like. The adsorption pillow can remove a small amount of leaked propellant without discharging decontamination agent by dipping and wiping the propellant on the surface of equipment. The adsorbing rope can be used for enclosing a large amount of propellant leaked on the ground or equipment so as to prevent the pollution area of the adsorbing rope from further expanding. After the polluted area is controlled, other devices are used for removing the polluted area. The adsorption blanket can adsorb propellant pollution remained on the smooth surface, can wrap and wind the leaked pipelines, joints and the like to inhibit leakage, and can also be placed under the leaked pipelines to prevent the leakage from polluting the ground and causing the expansion of the pollution area.

The inventors have intensively observed that the problems of powder leakage in conventional decontamination kits are mainly due to the small pores of the strong penetration material and the excessively fine decontamination powder. The problem of low adsorption ratio is found to be caused by the characteristics of the gel type decontamination agent through experimental observation. The decontamination agent becomes gel when encountering unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, after the gel is formed on the surface layer of the decontamination agent, the gel can prevent liquid from continuously permeating into the decontamination agent, so that the capability of the decontamination agent cannot be fully exerted, and finally the decontamination effect is poor. Therefore, the invention aims at the root of the problems, the design of the diffusion layer is adopted, the diffusion layer is wrapped outside at least one decontamination agent packaging bag in a thicker thickness, and when the leaked unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine liquid is decontaminated, the diffusion layer plays a role in conducting the liquid, so that the liquid is uniformly distributed; the digestion film is a compact film which can be ablated when meeting unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, normally plays a role of packaging decontamination agent powder, the powder is prevented from leaking, the digestion film is dissolved when contacting the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine, the decontamination agent powder in the digestion film is exposed, the decontamination purpose is achieved, and the decontamination agent is in a gel state after contacting the unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine and does not have the capability of leaking from small holes. A large number of decontamination experiments prove that the contact surface area of the decontamination agent is increased and the adsorption ratio of the decontamination agent is increased by increasing the packaging quantity and reducing the thickness of a single decontamination belt after packaging, and the adsorption ratio can be increased to about 2.7-6 by reasonably setting the number of decontamination agent packaging bags, the thickness of a diffusion layer and the thickness of a coating layer.

The unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination set can be applied to the following fields:

(1) an unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine storage;

(2) the development unit, army station, launching field, etc. using unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine;

(3) other occasions where water-based decontamination equipment is inconvenient to use;

the product market of the project is positioned for serving aviation, aerospace and various military troops, and the requirement of units on emergency treatment of unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine leakage is met.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the construction of a single decontamination unit in the decontamination suite of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of another configuration of a single decontamination unit in the decontamination kit of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a decontamination kit of the present invention in the form of a decontamination rope, wherein only 2 decontamination units are schematically shown in a one-dimensional arrangement.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of the decontamination kit of the present invention in the form of a decontamination blanket, with specific decontamination units omitted.

Wherein, the names corresponding to the reference numbers in the drawings are: 1-decontamination agent powder, 2-digestion film, 3-diffusion layer, 4-coating layer, 5-sewing thread, 6-canvas belt and 7-pull ring.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples and drawings, which are given by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a decontamination unit is formed by completely wrapping a decontamination powder 1 with a decontamination film 2 to form decontamination agent encapsulation bags, wrapping a plurality of decontamination agent encapsulation bags with a diffusion layer 3, wrapping the outer portions with a wrapping layer 4, and tying with sewing threads. The product formed in the embodiment is fully soaked in unsym-dimethylhydrazine, and is taken out and drained, and the measurable adsorption ratio is 4.5-5.5.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, a decontamination film 2 is used to completely wrap decontamination agent powder 1 to form decontamination agent packaging bags, a plurality of decontamination agent packaging bags are completely wrapped by a diffusion layer 3, and a wrapping layer 4 is further wrapped outside the decontamination agent packaging bags and tied up with sewing threads to form a decontamination unit.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 3, in the present embodiment, a plurality of decontamination units configured as described in embodiment 1 are expanded in one dimension to be in the form of a decontamination cable. The product formed in the embodiment is fully soaked in unsym-dimethylhydrazine, and is taken out and drained, and the measurable adsorption ratio is 4.5-5.3.

Example 4

Referring to fig. 4, in the present embodiment, a plurality of decontamination units constructed as shown in embodiment 2 are spread in a two-dimensional direction into a form of a decontamination blanket, and are encapsulated at four sides of the decontamination blanket with sewing threads 5. Wherein for easy carrying and use, a canvas belt 6 and a pull ring 7 are also provided. The product formed in the embodiment is fully soaked in unsym-dimethylhydrazine, and is taken out and drained, and the measurable adsorption ratio is 4.5-5.5.

In the above examples, no leakage of the decontaminant powder was observed in daily use.

Claims

1. The unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine decontamination set is characterized by comprising a plurality of decontamination units, wherein each decontamination unit comprises the following components:

at least one decontaminant packaging pouch, each decontaminant packaging pouch comprising a decontaminant powder (1) surrounded by a decontaminant film (2);

a diffusion layer (3) surrounding the at least one decontamination envelope;

a coating layer (4) wrapping the diffusion layer (3);

wherein the decontamination agent powder (1) comprises the following formula in percentage by weight: 1-5% of talcum powder; cellulose acetate: 15% -25%; hydroxyethyl cellulose: 15% -25%; diatomite: 5% -10%; ultra-fine wood fiber: 2.5% -5%; white carbon black: 10% -15%; silica gel micropowder: 20 to 30 percent; polyacrylic amide resin: 5% -15%; methyl silicone oil: 0.1 to 0.3 percent;

wherein the digestion membrane (2) is selected from a polyvinyl alcohol membrane;

wherein the diffusion layer (3) is selected from polypropylene or polyethylene non-woven fabrics woven by hot air, and is formed by multilayer hot pressing into a material with the thickness of 1-3 mm and the density of 100-200 g/m ² ；

Wherein the coating layer (4) is selected from polypropylene or polyethylene non-woven fabrics woven by hot air, and the density is 40-100 g/m ² ；

The plurality of decontamination units are repeatedly arranged in one-dimensional or two-dimensional direction to form a decontamination rope or a decontamination blanket.