CN112075637A - Composition for reducing intestinal gas generation - Google Patents

Composition for reducing intestinal gas generation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112075637A
CN112075637A CN202010344132.1A CN202010344132A CN112075637A CN 112075637 A CN112075637 A CN 112075637A CN 202010344132 A CN202010344132 A CN 202010344132A CN 112075637 A CN112075637 A CN 112075637A
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lacto
bifidobacterium
infants
duralactosylpentose
lnfp
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CN112075637B (en
Inventor
刘斐童
王园园
乔纳森·莱恩
王欣
胡瑞标
陈桔淳
杨珂
林媛
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Biostime Guangzhou Health Product Co ltd
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Biostime Guangzhou Health Product Co ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/095967 priority patent/WO2021217803A1/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/702—Oligosaccharides, i.e. having three to five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic linkages
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/125—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives containing carbohydrate syrups; containing sugars; containing sugar alcohols; containing starch hydrolysates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/135—Bacteria or derivatives thereof, e.g. probiotics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K31/00—Medicinal preparations containing organic active ingredients
    • A61K31/70—Carbohydrates; Sugars; Derivatives thereof
    • A61K31/7016—Disaccharides, e.g. lactose, lactulose
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K35/00—Medicinal preparations containing materials or reaction products thereof with undetermined constitution
    • A61K35/66—Microorganisms or materials therefrom
    • A61K35/74—Bacteria
    • A61K35/741—Probiotics
    • A61K35/744—Lactic acid bacteria, e.g. enterococci, pediococci, lactococci, streptococci or leuconostocs
    • A61K35/745—Bifidobacteria
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P1/00—Drugs for disorders of the alimentary tract or the digestive system
    • A61P1/10—Laxatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/11—Lactobacillus
    • A23V2400/147—Helveticus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
    • A23V2400/513—Adolescentes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
    • A23V2400/517—Bifidum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
    • A23V2400/519—Breve
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
    • A23V2400/521—Catenulatum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
    • A23V2400/529—Infantis
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
    • A23V2400/533—Longum
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2400/00—Lactic or propionic acid bacteria
    • A23V2400/51—Bifidobacterium
    • A23V2400/535—Pseudocatenulatum
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Abstract

The present invention provides a composition for reducing intestinal gas production. In particular, the present invention provides the use of a combination for the preparation of a nutritional composition or formulation for: (a) the generation of intestinal gas of infants is reduced; and/or (b) inhibiting the overgrowth of clostridium perfringens in the gut of infants and young children; wherein the nutritional composition comprises: (i) a breast milk oligosaccharide (HMO); and (ii) a probiotic microorganism, said probiotic microorganism comprising bifidobacteria. The combination or the nutritional composition can obviously reduce the intestinal gas production of infants and can better improve the intestinal flora of infants with abdominal distension and colic.

Description

Composition for reducing intestinal gas generation
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a composition, in particular to a nutritional composition or nutritional additive for inhibiting and reducing intestinal gas production in infants.
Background
Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) of a newborn is a serious disease threatening the health of the newborn, especially premature infants, and is mainly characterized by acute onset, serious illness and high mortality. Clinically, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal distension and hematochezia are the main symptoms, and intestinal perforation is often combined. The etiology of NEC is not fully understood, with higher morbidity and mortality in premature and very low birth weight infants. Gut development immaturity (maturity of the gastrointestinal absorption function or host defense mechanisms, gastrointestinal osmotic pressure, gut micro-ecology, etc.) is generally considered a risk factor for the development of NEC, and dietary and feeding patterns (e.g. milk composition, rate of increase in milk volume), infection, hypoxia factors are also considered to be the causative factors for the development of NEC.
Microorganisms in the intestine can ferment unabsorbed carbohydrates and non-digestible carbohydrates in breast milk and milk powder to generate gases such as ammonia, methane and carbon dioxide, and abdominal distension and intestinal cavity pneumatosis occur. Increased intestinal pressure reduces intestinal mucosal blood flow, secondary to intestinal ischemia and mucosal injury.
Clostridium perfringens (Cp), also known as Clostridium welchii (Clostridium perfringens), is a opportunistic pathogen that causes antibiotic-associated diarrhea and food poisoning, among others. Clostridium perfringens is divided into five subtypes of toxin, each of which can produce alpha toxin, one of its most important toxins. The relation between the clostridium perfringens and the NEC is always concerned, and the prior clinical observation and experimental research on the NEC show that the clostridium perfringens can influence the development and the disease severity level of the NEC.
The colonization of the Cp in the intestine is related to the food and feeding pattern of infants, and the number of clostridium perfringens in the intestine of breast-fed infants is lower than that of milk powder/mixed-fed infants. The detection of the protein of the alpha toxin of clostridium perfringens can be identified in strains isolated from the intestine of infants with NEC.
In a study on preterm infants, intestinal gas production was suggested as an indicator for the diagnosis of perfringens Cp infection.
Therefore, there is a pressing need in the art to develop a method that is effective in inhibiting the growth of clostridium perfringens in the gastrointestinal tract of infants, and that is effective in reducing intestinal gas production in infants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for effectively inhibiting the growth of clostridium perfringens in the gastrointestinal tract of infants and effectively reducing the intestinal gas production of the infants.
In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided the use of a combination for the preparation of a nutritional composition or formulation for:
(a) the generation of intestinal gas of infants is reduced; and/or
(b) Inhibiting the overgrowth of clostridium perfringens in the intestinal tract of infants;
wherein the nutritional composition comprises:
(i) a breast milk oligosaccharide (HMO), the HMO comprising: 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL), 3 '-fucosyllactose (3' -FL), lacto-disalt-fucotetraose (DFL/LDFT), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose I (LNFP-I), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose II (LNFP-II), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose III (LNFP-III), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3 '-sialyllactose (3SL), 6' -sialyllactose (6SL), sialyl-N-tetraose (LST) and/or disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose (DS-LNT); and
(ii) a probiotic microorganism comprising bifidobacteria.
In another preferred embodiment, the infant refers to a population with an age of 0-24 months, preferably 0-12 months, more preferably 0-6 months.
In another preferred embodiment, the infant comprises an infant with normal gut function.
In another preferred embodiment, the infant comprises an infant with abdominal distension, gas distension, colic, or gastrointestinal discomfort.
In another preferred embodiment, the intestinal tract refers to the digestive tract from the pylorus to the anus of the human body.
In another preferred embodiment, the formulation is also useful for:
(c) balancing intestinal flora of infants;
(d) improving infant constipation; and/or
(e) Improving the intestinal metabolism of infants.
In another preferred embodiment, the clostridium perfringens comprises: clostridium perfringens, enterococcus faecium, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the overgrowth is a concentration higher than normal by 3-30%, preferably higher than normal by 3-15%, more preferably higher than normal by 3-10%.
In another preferred embodiment, the nutritional composition further comprises: fucosylated oligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, lactose, or combinations thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the fucosylated oligosaccharide is selected from the group consisting of: 2 ' -fucosylgalactose, 2 ' -fucosyllactose, 3 ' -fucosyllactose, difucosyllactose, lacto-N-fucopentase I, lacto-N-fucopentase II, lacto-N-fucopentase III, lacto-N-fucopentase V, lacto-N-fucohexose, lacto-N-difucohexase I, fucosyllacto-N-hexose, fucosyllacto-N-neohexose I, fucosyllacto-N-neohexose II, difucosyllacto-N-hexose I, difucosyllacto-N-neohexose II, fucosyl-p-lacto-N-hexose, or a combination thereof.
In another preferred example, the HMO comprises: 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL), lactose, or a combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the HMO is 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL).
In another preferred embodiment, the probiotic micro-organisms further comprise bacteria selected from the group consisting of: bifidobacterium species (Bifidobacterium spp.), Lactobacillus species (Lactobacillus spp.), Streptococcus species (Streptococcus spp.), Enterococcus species (Enterococcus spp.), and Saccharomyces species (Saccharomyces spp.), or combinations thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the bifidobacterium species is selected from the group consisting of: bifidobacterium longum (Bifidobacterium longum), Bifidobacterium breve (Bifidobacterium breve), Bifidobacterium infantis (Bifidobacterium infantis), Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum), Bifidobacterium adolescentis (Bifidobacterium adolescentis), Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum (Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum), Bifidobacterium Catenulatum (Bifidobacterium Catenulatum), or a combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the Bifidobacterium is Bifidobacterium longum (Bifidobacterium longum), Bifidobacterium breve (Bifidobacterium breve), Bifidobacterium infantis (Bifidobacterium infantis), Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum), or a combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the bifidobacteria are of human origin.
In another preferred example, the probiotic microorganism comprises Lactobacillus helveticus R52(Lactobacillus helveticus R52), Bifidobacterium infantis R33(Bifidobacterium infantis R33), Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum R71), Bifidobacterium breve (Bifidobacterium breve M-16V), or a combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment, the total amount of HMOs in the nutritional composition is 10-200g/kg, preferably 60-170g/kg, more preferably 80-150 g/kg.
In another preferred embodiment, the total amount of HMOs in the nutritional composition is 1-20% parts by weight, preferably 6-17% parts by weight, more preferably 8-15% parts by weight on a dry weight basis.
In another preferred embodiment, the concentration of the probiotic micro-organisms in the nutritional composition is 1 x 106-1×1014CFU/g, preferably 1X 108-1×1010CFU/g, more preferably 1X 109-1×1010CFU/g。
In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a nutritional composition comprising:
(i) a breast milk oligosaccharide (HMO), the HMO comprising: 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL), 3 '-fucosyllactose (3' -FL), lacto-disalt-fucotetraose (DFL/LDFT), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose I (LNFP-I), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose II (LNFP-II), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose III (LNFP-III), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3 '-sialyllactose (3SL), 6' -sialyllactose (6SL), sialyl-N-tetraose (LST) and/or disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose (DS-LNT); and
(ii) a probiotic microorganism comprising bifidobacteria.
In a third aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of preparing a nutritional composition according to the second aspect of the invention, comprising the steps of: mixing the following component (i) and component (ii) to obtain the nutritional composition according to the second aspect of the invention;
(i) a breast milk oligosaccharide (HMO), the HMO comprising: 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL), 3 '-fucosyllactose (3' -FL), lacto-disalt-fucotetraose (DFL/LDFT), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose I (LNFP-I), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose II (LNFP-II), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose III (LNFP-III), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3 '-sialyllactose (3SL), 6' -sialyllactose (6SL), sialyl-N-tetraose (LST) and/or disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose (DS-LNT); and
(ii) a probiotic microorganism comprising bifidobacteria.
In a fourth aspect of the invention, a method of inhibiting the overgrowth of clostridium perfringens in the gut of an infant is provided, by administering to a subject in need thereof a nutritional composition according to the second aspect of the invention.
In another preferred embodiment, the mode of application comprises: oral, injection, infusion, or a combination thereof.
In another preferred example, the subject comprises an infant with an age of 0-24 months, preferably an infant with an age of 0-12 months, more preferably an infant with an age of 0-6 months.
In another preferred embodiment, the infant comprises an infant with normal gut function.
In another preferred embodiment, the infant comprises an infant with abdominal distension, gas distension, colic, or gastrointestinal discomfort.
It is to be understood that within the scope of the present invention, the above-described features of the present invention and those specifically described below (e.g., in the examples) may be combined with each other to form new or preferred embodiments. Not to be reiterated herein, but to the extent of space.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a comparison of the results of in vitro fermentation of intestinal flora of breast-fed and milk-fed infants using different substrates.
Figure 2 shows the effect of different substrates on intestinal gas production in bloated infants.
FIG. 3 shows the negative correlation of Bifidobacterium content in the infant gut with intestinal gas production
FIG. 4 shows the determination of aerogenic bacteria in the infant gut by metagenomic sequencing technology.
Detailed Description
The present inventors have conducted extensive and intensive studies and, as a result of extensive screening, have unexpectedly developed a nutritional composition comprising 2' -FL and bifidobacteria of human origin effective in inhibiting the growth of clostridium perfringens in the gastrointestinal tract of infants and in reducing intestinal gas production in infants. Experiments prove that the nutritional composition can obviously inhibit the hyperproliferation of clostridium perfringens in the gastrointestinal tract of infants, relieve abdominal distension caused by unbalanced intestinal microecology, promote the proliferation of bifidobacteria and reduce the generation of intestinal gas, thereby preventing and/or treating NEC. The present invention has been completed based on this finding.
Nutritional composition
As used herein, the terms "nutritional composition", "combination of the invention" are used interchangeably and refer to a nutritional composition according to the second aspect of the invention comprising a breast milk oligosaccharide and a probiotic microorganism useful for improving intestinal function in an infant.
The term "infant" as used herein refers to a child of age 0-24 months, preferably 0-12 months.
It is well known that infants are in a rapid growth and development stage, and their bodies and their functions are constantly developing and perfecting. The diet not only greatly influences the growth and development of healthy infants, but also has positive prevention and intervention effects on various pathological or sub-health symptoms in the growth and development process. Just as breast milk is not just a food for children, it has an effect on the life of the infant. The world health organization recommends that infants should receive pure breast feeding within the first six months of life to achieve optimal growth and development. However, due to the changes in modern lifestyle, the rate of breast-feeding reaches only 38% globally, which makes it a technological trend to develop infant nutrition with food ingredients close to breast milk or nutrition fortifiers with functions close to breast milk.
The intestinal flora plays an important role in the early life. It is generally accepted that infants are born with the gastrointestinal tract sterile and begin to colonize bacteria within 48 hours after birth. The first bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract of newborns come from the birth canal, environment and breast milk of the mother. Natural childbirth is established earlier than the gastrointestinal microecology of infants delivered via caesarean section. The initial gastrointestinal micro-ecology of breast-fed infants differs from that of artificially fed infants. The microecology of the breast-fed term infant is mainly bifidobacteria, and the diversity of intestinal flora of the artificially-fed infant is increased, accompanied by the remarkable increase of the number of bacteroides.
In infancy, the earliest intestinal flora established were E.coli and streptococci due to environmental influences. Two very important beneficial bacteria, bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, are then colonized, and the bifidobacteria rapidly increase in number and become the dominant flora in the infant's intestinal tract. These gut-beneficial bacteria play an important role in the early development and maturation of the immune system of the gastrointestinal tract in infants, in the nutritional functions such as the relief of lactose intolerance, the enhancement of lipid and protein metabolism, and in the synthesis of vitamins. The earlier the intestinal beneficial bacteria have been established in infants, the better the ability to protect infants from infectious diseases, allergies and various digestive tract problems. In the key period of intestinal microecology establishment, high-quality probiotics are supplemented to infants as soon as possible, healthy microecology formation is promoted, and the health of infants and adults can be influenced profoundly and positively.
Although the pathogenesis of NEC is unknown, it is currently believed that early microbial colonization of the gut of newborns and infants has a significant impact on the development of NEC. In addition to bifidobacteria, clostridium is a normal dominant bacterium in intestinal flora, and is very important for human body, and mainly comprises beneficial clostridium and harmful clostridium. Beneficial clostridium participates in metabolism, immunity, regulation of microecological balance and other physiological functions, and most harmful clostridium are conditional pathogenic bacteria and can cause various intestinal basic and other related diseases, such as osteomyelitis, bacteremia and the like.
Research on NEC is abundant, however, NEC is currently treated mainly by antibiotics and surgery, and no method for preventing or alleviating symptoms of NEC by influencing the development of NEC through food intervention is available.
Breast milk and milk powder are the main foods for newborn infants, and studies show that the number of clostridium perfringens in intestinal tracts of breast-fed infants is less, and the incidence rate of NEC is lower. Breast milk contains a variety of active substances, of which HMOs are important carbohydrate components. HMOs are a complex mixed oligosaccharide present in human milk, the third largest solid component in breast milk. Different HMO structures have been identified in excess of 200, with 2 'fucosyllactose (2' -FL) and its analogous HMO structure linked by alpha-1, 2 fucose being the highest content of HMOs. Studies have shown that HMOs play a very important role in early growth and development of infants, such as 1) modulating the intestinal flora, and in particular promoting the proliferation of beneficial bacteria (e.g., bifidobacteria); 2) indirectly inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria by improving the competitive advantage of the non-pathogenic bacteria symbiont, and also directly serving as an anti-adhesion antibacterial agent to reduce microbial infection; 3) directly and indirectly regulate immune system and improve immunity; 4) promoting brain development, etc.
In the present invention, there is provided a nutritional composition comprising:
(i) a breast milk oligosaccharide (HMO), the HMO comprising: 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL), 3 '-fucosyllactose (3' -FL), lacto-disalt-fucotetraose (DFL/LDFT), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose I (LNFP-I), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose II (LNFP-II), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose III (LNFP-III), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3 '-sialyllactose (3SL), 6' -sialyllactose (6SL), sialyl-N-tetraose (LST) and/or disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose (DS-LNT); and
(ii) a probiotic microorganism comprising bifidobacteria.
In a preferred embodiment, the HMO is 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL).
Preferably, the bifidobacteria of the present invention are of human origin. In a preferred embodiment, the Bifidobacterium is Bifidobacterium longum (Bifidobacterium longum), Bifidobacterium breve (Bifidobacterium breve), Bifidobacterium infantis (Bifidobacterium infantis), Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum), or a combination thereof.
In one embodiment, the probiotic microorganism comprises Lactobacillus helveticus R52(Lactobacillus helveticus R52), Bifidobacterium infantis R33(Bifidobacterium infantis R33), Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum R71), Bifidobacterium breve (Bifidobacterium breve M-16V), or a combination thereof.
In the nutritional composition of the invention, the total amount of HMO is 10-200g/kg, preferably 60-170g/kg, more preferably 80-150 g/kg.
Alternatively, the total amount of HMOs in the nutritional composition is 1-20% by weight, preferably 6-17% by weight, more preferably 8-15% by weight on a dry weight basis.
Alternatively, the concentration of the probiotic micro-organisms in the nutritional composition is 1 x 106-1×1014CFU/g, preferably 1X 108-1×1010CFU/g, more preferably 1X 109-1×1010CFU/g。
The nutritional compositions of the present invention may be used for: (a) the generation of intestinal gas of infants is reduced; (b) inhibiting the overgrowth of clostridium perfringens in the intestinal tract of infants; (c) balancing intestinal flora of infants; (d) improving infant constipation; and/or (e) improving gut metabolism in infants and young children.
The main advantages of the invention include:
1) according to the invention, the HMO prebiotics screened by the in-vitro fermentation model can obviously reduce the intestinal aerogenic gas of infants.
2) The invention selects an HMO prebiotic combined with human bifidobacterium through an in-vitro fermentation model, and has more excellent effect of reducing the gas production of the intestinal tract of the infant.
3) The invention verifies that the formula of the HMO and the human bifidobacterium can better improve the intestinal flora of the infant with abdominal distension and colic through high-throughput sequencing.
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Experimental procedures without specific conditions noted in the following examples, generally followed by conventional conditions, such as Sambrook et al, molecular cloning: the conditions described in the Laboratory Manual (New York: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press,1989), or according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Unless otherwise indicated, percentages and parts are percentages and parts by weight.
Example 1: healthy infant intestinal flora fermentation screening low-gas-production HMO
1.1. The research method comprises the following steps:
study subjects:
stool samples were collected from children's hospitals from 40-60 healthy infants between 0-6 months. These included 30 breast-fed and 30 formula-fed infant fecal samples. The age of the infant is segmented into: less than or equal to 1 month, respectively feeding 10 cases of breast-feeding infants and formula-feeding infants; more than 1 month and less than or equal to 3 months, respectively feeding 10 cases of breast-fed infants and formula-fed infants; more than 3 months and less than or equal to 6 months, 10 cases of breast-fed and formula-fed infants respectively.
And (3) inclusion standard:
1) healthy, full-term infants (gestational age not less than 37 weeks), vaginal delivery;
2) medically proven to be healthy infants: no symptoms and no signs of disease.
3) The age is 0-6 months;
4) before collecting the feces samples, the feeding mode of the infants is breast feeding (the frequency of formula milk feeding is less than or equal to 2 times per day) or formula milk feeding (the frequency of breast feeding is less than or equal to 2 times per day).
1.2. The experimental method comprises the following steps:
collecting infant feces: the baby diaper is opened and a stool sample is collected from the diaper and placed into a sampling tube. And (4) putting the sampling tube into a sealing bag, freezing and storing at low temperature, and sending to a laboratory within 48 hours after collection. Samples were collected and divided into two portions, one for stool 16s rRNA determination of colony structure. The other was made up with anaerobic PBS and immediately after filtration inoculated into an in vitro fermentation system. And (3) putting the fresh excrement into the PBS buffer solution, shaking and uniformly mixing, and filtering to prepare a 10% excrement suspension.
In vitro fermentation experiment: the system operation unit consists of a batch fermentation tank and a fecal gas detector. The fermentation tank contains carbon-source-free basic culture medium (YCFA). The fermentation basal medium does not contain a carbon source, and only Fructooligosaccharide (FOS), Galactooligosaccharide (GOS), lactose (lactose) and 2 ' -fucosylgalactose (2 ' -FL),2 ' -fucosylgalactose + Bifidobacterium breve (M16-V) are respectively added to the medium as a sole carbon source and raw material. Minimal medium without added carbohydrate (YCFA) was used as a control. Fermenting for 48 hours at 37 ℃, and monitoring the gas production condition and gas composition of the excrement in real time; samples were taken every 6 hours, gas pressure was measured at 48 hours, and samples were taken to determine flora composition and number by 16s rRNA sequencing and metagenomic methods. The structure of the flora of the fermentation sample at 0 hour was used as the baseline for the experiment to compare the changes in the flora after fermentation.
1.3. The experimental results are as follows:
the results are shown in figure 1, and the fecal floral fermented 2 ' -FL production was significantly lower than that of fermented lactose, FOS and GOS, both in breast-fed and milk-fed infants, especially for breast-fed infants, the 2 ' -FL and 2 ' -FL + bifidobacterium breve fermented gas quantities were close to those of the control medium.
The gas production of the feces of the breast-fed infants after fermentation is obviously lower than that of the feces of the infants fed with the milk powder, and the difference between the composition of the nutritional ingredients of the breast milk and the composition of the nutritional ingredients of the formula milk powder is proved to have obvious influence on intestinal flora and feces fermentation metabolites. The oligosaccharide ingredient which is more suitable for infants exists in breast milk, is the main fermentation carbohydrate of intestinal flora of breast-fed infants, and is also an important difference of nutrients in different feeding modes, so that 2' -FL (fucosylgalactose) is an important factor for controlling intestinal gas production as the highest content ingredient of breast milk oligosaccharide (HMO).
Example 2: infant intestinal flora fermentation for intervening abdominal distension by adopting HMO (HMO)
2.1. The research method comprises the following steps:
study subjects:
selecting and collecting fresh excrement biological samples of the bloated infants less than 3 months old.
The judgment of the infant with abdominal distension caused by improper diet is based on clinical diagnosis of pediatricians, and is confirmed by physical examination and/or abdominal imaging examination (B-mode or standing abdominal plain) and the like, so as to eliminate the infant occasional abdominal distension caused by maternal diet.
2.2. The experimental method comprises the following steps:
the sample collection method comprises the following steps: the baby diaper is opened and a stool sample is collected from the diaper and placed into a sampling tube. And (4) putting the sampling tube into a sealing bag, freezing and storing at low temperature, and sending to a laboratory within 48 hours after collection. Samples were collected and divided into two portions, one for stool 16s rRNA determination of colony structure. The other was made up with anaerobic PBS and immediately after filtration inoculated into an in vitro fermentation system. And (3) putting the fresh excrement into the PBS buffer solution, shaking and uniformly mixing, and filtering to prepare a 10% excrement suspension.
In vitro fermentation experiment: the system operation unit consists of a batch fermentation tank and a fecal gas detector. The fermentation tank contains carbon-source-free basic culture medium (YCFA). The fermentation basal medium contained no carbon source, and only 0.8% of Fructooligosaccharide (FOS), Galactooligosaccharide (GOS), lactose (lactose), 2 ' -fucosylgalactose (2 ' -FL), and 2 ' -fucosylgalactose + bifidobacterium breve (M16-V) were added to the medium as a sole carbon source and raw material, respectively. Minimal medium without added carbohydrate (YCFA) was used as a control. Inoculating the excrement suspension into a fermentation tank, fermenting for 24 hours at 37 ℃, and monitoring the gas production condition and gas composition of excrement in real time; the flora structure is measured by 16s rRNA sequencing and metagenome method to determine the flora composition and quantity. The structure of the flora of the fermentation sample at 0 hour was used as the baseline for the experiment to compare the changes in the flora after fermentation.
2.3. The experimental results are as follows:
as shown in the results of fig. 2, for faecal flora of bloated infants, the addition of lactose, fructo-oligosaccharides, glucose oligosaccharides to the substrate medium further increased the gas production of the flora. The gas production rate of the culture medium added with fucosyl galactose (2 '-FL) is equivalent to that of the basic culture medium, which indicates that 2' -FL is not completely utilized by aerogenic bacteria, and compared with other carbohydrates, the intestinal gas production increase of the abdominal distension infant can be obviously inhibited.
Example 3: correlation analysis of 2' -FL and intestinal flora and gas production
3.1. The research method comprises the following steps:
the samples from examples 1 and 2 above were subjected to microbiota 16s rDNA sequencing and metagenomic sequencing to analyze intestinal flora.
3.2. The experimental method comprises the following steps:
extracting sample DNA from a fecal sample by using a fecal extraction kit, detecting the size and integrity of a DNA band by using 1% agarose gel electrophoresis, and determining the values of genome concentration, A260/A280 and the like.
Sample DNAs were diluted to 10ng, 1ng and 0.1ng, respectively, as templates, and the extracted sample DNAs were amplified with bacterial genome 16S universal primers 27F and 1492R, while negative controls using ddH20 as a template were set to examine the sample genome extraction quality. Set up 25. mu.L reaction system, after the reaction is finished, detect the band by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis.
HindIII restriction was performed on the sample DNA, and 20. mu.L of the digestion reaction system was prepared: DNA500ng, Hind III 1. mu.L, 10 XBuffer 2. mu.L, and compliment ddH20 to 20. mu.L were reacted at 37 ℃ overnight. After completion of the cleavage, the product was subjected to 1% agarose gel electrophoresis to observe band differences.
DNA of the extracted sample is sequenced by using an Ilumina Hiseq platform, and a small fragment library is constructed for sequencing by using a double-ended sequencing (Paired-End) method. Each DNA sample was sequenced in parallel twice, and the differential bacteria with minor deviations from the parallel sequencing were selected to compare abundance values and the differences were recorded at the Family (Family) level.
3.3. The experimental results are as follows:
as shown in fig. 3, the higher the number of bifidobacteria in the feces, the lower the gas production.
Correlation analysis of intestinal flora and gas production:
as shown in FIG. 4, the results of metagenomic sequencing revealed that the main suspected gas-producing bacteria included Clostridium perfringens.
2' -FL promotes the growth of beneficial bifidobacteria, reduces Clostridium perfringens numbers, and affects the amount of gas produced in the gut
Discussion of the related Art
Research on NEC is abundant, however, NEC is currently treated mainly by antibiotics and surgery, and no method for preventing or alleviating symptoms of NEC by influencing the development of NEC through food intervention is available.
Typical clinical manifestations of NEC include abdominal distension, vomiting and hematochezia, and therapeutic measures include fasting, antibiotics, supportive care and surgery, among others. In addition to reducing the gastrointestinal pressure and improving the intestinal microcirculation and promoting the intestinal peristalsis to discharge intestinal gas by using medicines or physical therapy aiming at the abdominal distension of infants, the most important and commonly used prevention and intervention means is to prevent or treat the abdominal distension and the related gastrointestinal diseases by means of dietary intervention, such as providing food close to the nutrient content of breast milk or providing useful probiotics.
Because of the acute onset and high mortality of NEC, inhibition of numbers and production of clostridium perfringens in the gut helps to reduce the occurrence and development of NEC, there is a lack of a non-medical approach to prevent nutritional access to NEC.
The use of a combination of HMOs and probiotics, or a combination of probiotics, for the prevention and/or treatment of gastro-intestinal gas production and associated gastro-intestinal disorders, abdominal cramps and bloating in infants has been reported in a small number of published documents. However, none of the prior documents relates to the use of a combination of infant and toddler marbled HMOs components and bifidobacteria for inhibiting clostridium perfringens, modulating the number of bifidobacteria in the gut, reducing infant and toddler gastrointestinal gas and its associated flatulence, abdominal distension, colic and related conditions.
Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention has excellent application prospect in the field.
All documents referred to herein are incorporated by reference into this application as if each were individually incorporated by reference. Furthermore, it should be understood that various changes and modifications of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art after reading the above teachings of the present invention, and these equivalents also fall within the scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. Use of a combination for the preparation of a nutritional composition or formulation for:
(a) the generation of intestinal gas of infants is reduced; and/or
(b) Inhibiting the overgrowth of clostridium perfringens in the intestinal tract of infants;
wherein the nutritional composition comprises:
(i) a breast milk oligosaccharide (HMO), the HMO comprising: 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL), 3 '-fucosyllactose (3' -FL), lacto-disalt-fucotetraose (DFL/LDFT), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose I (LNFP-I), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose II (LNFP-II), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose III (LNFP-III), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3 '-sialyllactose (3SL), 6' -sialyllactose (6SL), sialyl-N-tetraose (LST) and/or disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose (DS-LNT); and
(ii) a probiotic microorganism comprising bifidobacteria.
2. Use according to claim 1, wherein the infant is a population with an age of 0-24 months, preferably a population with an age of 0-12 months, more preferably a population with an age of 0-6 months.
3. The use of claim 1, wherein the nutritional composition further comprises: fucosylated oligosaccharides, fructooligosaccharides, galactooligosaccharides, lactose, or combinations thereof.
4. The use according to claim 1, wherein the HMO comprises: 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL), lactose, or a combination thereof.
5. The use according to claim 1, wherein the Bifidobacterium is Bifidobacterium longum (Bifidobacterium longum), Bifidobacterium breve (Bifidobacterium breve), Bifidobacterium infantis (Bifidobacterium infantis), Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum), or a combination thereof.
6. The use of claim 1, wherein the bifidobacterium is of human origin.
7. The use according to claim 1, wherein the probiotic micro-organisms comprise Lactobacillus helveticus R52(Lactobacillus helveticus R52), Bifidobacterium infantis R33(Bifidobacterium infantis R33), Bifidobacterium bifidum (Bifidobacterium bifidum R71), Bifidobacterium breve (Bifidobacterium breve M-16V), or a combination thereof.
8. Use according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the probiotic micro-organisms in the nutritional composition is 1 x 106-1×1014CFU/g, preferably 1X 108-1×1010CFU/g, more preferably 1X 109-1×1010CFU/g。
9. A nutritional composition, comprising:
(i) a breast milk oligosaccharide (HMO), the HMO comprising: 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL), 3 '-fucosyllactose (3' -FL), lacto-disalt-fucotetraose (DFL/LDFT), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose I (LNFP-I), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose II (LNFP-II), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose III (LNFP-III), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3 '-sialyllactose (3SL), 6' -sialyllactose (6SL), sialyl-N-tetraose (LST) and/or disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose (DS-LNT); and
(ii) a probiotic microorganism comprising bifidobacteria.
10. A method of preparing the nutritional composition of claim 2, comprising the steps of: mixing the following component (i) and component (ii) to obtain the nutritional composition of claim 2;
(i) a breast milk oligosaccharide (HMO), the HMO comprising: 2 '-fucosyllactose (2' -FL), 3 '-fucosyllactose (3' -FL), lacto-disalt-fucotetraose (DFL/LDFT), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose I (LNFP-I), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose II (LNFP-II), lacto-N-Duralactosylpentose III (LNFP-III), lacto-N-tetraose (LNT), lacto-N-neotetraose (LNnT), 3 '-sialyllactose (3SL), 6' -sialyllactose (6SL), sialyl-N-tetraose (LST) and/or disialyl-lacto-N-tetraose (DS-LNT); and
(ii) a probiotic microorganism comprising bifidobacteria.
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