CN112072303B - Decoupling network, method and device for installing decoupling network - Google Patents
Decoupling network, method and device for installing decoupling network Download PDFInfo
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- CN112072303B CN112072303B CN201910502609.1A CN201910502609A CN112072303B CN 112072303 B CN112072303 B CN 112072303B CN 201910502609 A CN201910502609 A CN 201910502609A CN 112072303 B CN112072303 B CN 112072303B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
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Abstract
The invention provides a decoupling network, a method and a device for installing the decoupling network, wherein the decoupling network comprises: the connecting surface of the substrate, which is in contact with the motherboard, comprises at least two edges with the smallest length in the substrate; at least one side surface of the substrate, which is vertical to the motherboard, is provided with a metal pattern; the side surface with the metal pattern is also provided with a first contact and a second contact, and the first contact and the second contact are used for being connected with related components of the antenna to be decoupled. The equivalent circuit of the decoupling network is equivalent to a 90 DEG/270 DEG transmission line with ultrahigh impedance, the equivalent characteristic impedance can reach 150-300 ohms, and the traditional microstrip line-based process is difficult to realize the characteristic of high impedance. The best position of the decoupling network can be found through a reverse operation mode of 'firstly moving debugging and then welding installation'. The whole process does not need to measure the phase information of antenna coupling, and has simple structure and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of communication, and is particularly suitable for 5G communication occasions; the invention particularly relates to a decoupling network, and a method and a device for installing the decoupling network.
Background
The decoupling network is a method for removing antenna coupling by designing a circuit, namely, the decoupling network. The performance of the antenna without coupling and the wireless system in which the antenna is located can be greatly improved, and the performance comprises antenna isolation, antenna efficiency, envelope correlation coefficient, radiation pattern, polarization purity, signal-to-noise ratio, throughput and the like. Common decoupling networks include: a decoupling network based on a traditional microstrip line structure; decoupling circuits implemented on the basis of lossless lumped circuits (capacitors, inductors, etc.): a decoupling network realized by Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic LTCC).
Due to the limitations of the microstrip line structure and processing factors, the line width of the microstrip line cannot be too narrow (generally >0.2mm), the thickness cannot be too thick (increasing the substrate thickness also increases the cost on a large scale), and the structure determines that the achievable impedance cannot be too high (generally <120 ohms). Therefore, the traditional microstrip line is only suitable for the original coupling strength between-6 dB and-10 dB by adopting the traditional microstrip line as the decoupling circuit, and the coupling of the antenna array with the coupling of less than-15 dB cannot be further reduced.
The lumped circuit device in the decoupling circuit realized based on the lossless lumped circuit (capacitance, inductance and the like) can destroy the matching of the original antenna as the decoupling device, so that a circuit for re-matching is needed after the decoupling is finished, and the complexity and the design difficulty of the whole structure can be increased. In addition, the lumped circuit changes along with the frequency, so other decoupling networks are serious, and the working bandwidth is narrow and is not suitable for the situation of broadband.
The decoupling network based on the LTCC process is only suitable for the situation that the initial coupling is relatively high and cannot be suitable for the situation that the initial coupling is < -15 dB. And the LTCC decoupling circuit is more complex in design and processing.
In summary, it is difficult to provide a decoupling network suitable for a scene with high original coupling strength, capable of providing high impedance, and simple in design and manufacturing process without additionally increasing overall complexity and design difficulty in the prior art.
After acquiring the decoupling network, in order to implement decoupling, the problem of installing the decoupling network needs to be solved, and for this problem, the prior art provides the following solutions:
(1) antenna coupling phase information under ideal conditions can be obtained by using Computer Aided Design (CAD) software simulation, and then the optimal installation position of the decoupling network after actual machining can be estimated through the simulation result. However, simulation can only show the actually processed product to a certain extent, and the difference with the actual product is still existed; in addition, the simulated design antenna must be designed together with the decoupling network, and is difficult to be applied to the produced antenna array.
(2) Professional de-embedding measures can be used to estimate the phase information of the antenna coupling. The phase information of the antenna coupling is estimated by applying de-embedding measures, and special tools are needed for operation and calculation, so that the method is relatively complex and has low accuracy. Moreover, after the actual antenna is processed, a plurality of discontinuous structures exist in the measuring process, and certain difficulty is brought to phase estimation.
In the prior art, a coupling phase is estimated through simulation and de-embedding measures, and then the installation position is estimated through an estimation result, but a simple and effective method for accurately installing a decoupling network serving as an independent device does not exist at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems that a decoupling network suitable for a scene with high original coupling strength, high impedance, simple design and manufacturing process, no additional increase in overall complexity and design difficulty and the like are difficult to provide in the prior art, and a simple and effective method for accurately installing the decoupling network as an independent device is not available at present except that a coupling phase is estimated through simulation and de-embedding measures and then the installation position is estimated through an estimation result. The invention provides a decoupling network, and a method and a device for installing the decoupling network.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a decoupling network comprises a motherboard and a substrate vertically placed on the motherboard, wherein the connection surface of the substrate, which is in contact with the motherboard, comprises at least two edges with the minimum length in the substrate; at least one side surface of the substrate, which is vertical to the motherboard, is provided with a metal pattern;
the side surface with the metal pattern is also provided with a first contact and a second contact, and the first contact and the second contact are used for being connected with related components of the antenna to be decoupled.
Furthermore, the substrate and the motherboard of the decoupling network are both cuboids, and a first contact and a second contact are respectively arranged at the left lower corner and the right lower corner of the two ends of the substrate.
Further, there is a metal pattern on one side surface perpendicular to the motherboard in the substrate, the first contact and the second contact are both connected to the metal pattern, and there is no metal on the other side surface opposite to the side surface having the metal pattern in the substrate.
Furthermore, the metal pattern comprises two long strips, wherein the first long strip is parallel to one edge of the substrate connecting surface, the second long strip is parallel to the first long strip, and the metal pattern is respectively connected with the first contact and the second contact through metal connecting wires.
Further, the metal pattern includes a plurality of bent portions, and the metal pattern is connected with the first contact and the second contact, respectively.
Further, the substrate is formed by processing a single-layer PCB.
Further, the substrate is obtained by cutting a single-piece single-layer PCB board into small pieces.
A decoupled network installation method for installing a decoupled network, the method comprising:
a first feeder line and a second feeder line are placed in parallel, and the lengths of the first feeder line and the second feeder line are half-wavelength;
adjusting the distance between the first feeder and the second feeder so that the distance is not less than the length of the decoupling network to ensure that the decoupling network can bridge between the first feeder and the second feeder;
connecting a first port of the first feeder line with a first antenna, and connecting a third port parallel to the first port on the second feeder line with a second antenna; connecting the second port of the first feed line with the first output port and the fourth port of the second feed line with the second output port to observe a change in the magnitude of coupling of the first antenna and the second antenna;
connecting a first contact of the decoupling network to a first feeder, connecting a second contact of the decoupling network to a second feeder, moving the position of the first contact on the first feeder, correspondingly moving the position of the second contact on the second feeder until finding an optimal position point corresponding to the first contact and an optimal position point corresponding to the second contact, and when the first contact and the second contact are both at the optimal position points corresponding to the first contact and the second contact, the coupling amplitude of the antenna meets the decoupling condition.
Further, a connecting line of the first contact and the second contact is always perpendicular to the first feeder line.
A decoupling network mounting apparatus for mounting a decoupling network, the apparatus comprising:
the device comprises a placing module, a first feeder line and a second feeder line, wherein the placing module is used for placing the first feeder line and the second feeder line in parallel, and the lengths of the first feeder line and the second feeder line are half wavelengths;
the distance adjusting module is used for adjusting the distance between the first feeder line and the second feeder line, so that the distance is not less than the length of the decoupling network, and the decoupling network can be ensured to be bridged between the first feeder line and the second feeder line;
the connection module is used for connecting a first port of the first feeder line with a first antenna and connecting a third port, which is parallel to the first port, on the second feeder line with a second antenna; connecting the second port of the first feed line with the first output port and the fourth port of the second feed line with the second output port to observe a change in the magnitude of coupling of the first antenna and the second antenna;
and the optimal position point searching module is used for connecting a first contact of the decoupling network to a first feeder, connecting a second contact of the decoupling network to a second feeder, moving the position of the first contact on the first feeder, correspondingly moving the position of the second contact on the second feeder until the optimal position point corresponding to the first contact and the optimal position point corresponding to the second contact are found, and when the first contact and the second contact are both positioned at the corresponding optimal position points, the coupling amplitude of the antenna meets the decoupling condition.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a decoupling network, a method and a device for installing the decoupling network, which have the following beneficial effects:
a decoupling network is presented. The equivalent circuit of the decoupling network is equivalent to a 90 DEG/270 DEG transmission line with ultrahigh impedance, the equivalent characteristic impedance can reach 150-300 ohms, and the traditional microstrip line-based process is difficult to realize the characteristic of high impedance.
Further, a simple and low-cost method for searching the installation position of the decoupling network is provided. The best position of the decoupling network can be found through a reverse operation mode of 'firstly moving debugging and then welding installation'. The whole process does not need to measure the phase information of antenna coupling, and has simple structure and low cost. The method is not only suitable for the decoupling network provided by the invention, but also suitable for all other decoupling networks with parallel structures.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a decoupling network provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a decoupling principle provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a metal pattern provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of another metal pattern provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a method for installing a decoupling network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a mounting plate provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of debugging and installation of a decoupling network provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of array decoupling of a 3-element patch antenna provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an S parameter of a magnetic dipole dual-polarized antenna without a decoupling network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of changes in S-parameters after the decoupling network is installed according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and for convenience of accurately describing embodiments of the present invention, related background art and related terms will be briefly introduced at the beginning of the embodiments.
MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) technology: the present invention relates to a wireless communication system, and more particularly, to a wireless communication system that improves communication quality by using a plurality of transmitting antennas and receiving antennas at a transmitting end and a receiving end, respectively, so that signals are transmitted and received through the plurality of antennas at the transmitting end and the receiving end. The multi-antenna multi-transmission multi-reception mobile communication system can fully utilize space resources, realizes multi-transmission and multi-reception through a plurality of antennas, can improve the system channel capacity by times under the condition of not increasing frequency spectrum resources and antenna transmitting power, shows obvious advantages, and is regarded as the core technology of next generation mobile communication. The MIMO antenna technology is one of the key technologies of Long Term Evolution (LTE) and the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G), and the number of MIMO co-frequency antennas in future base stations and terminals will still increase continuously to meet the increasing throughput demand. At the same time, in order to keep the size of the device as small as possible, the distance between the MIMO antennas is also reduced, which causes coupling between antennas of the same frequency located in the same device. In order to meet the requirement of 5G, the requirement on a decoupling network in the MIMO antenna technology is high, and the prior art is difficult to meet.
Dual-polarized antenna isolation: a dual-polarized antenna refers to an antenna that shares the same radiator, but has mutually orthogonal polarization directions. The degree of isolation indicates the degree of isolation between different polarizations, with higher isolation indicating less coupling and less coupling giving higher performance. S21 is one of the important indexes for characterizing the coupling size of the antenna, and the smaller the amplitude of S21 is, the smaller the coupling is, and the higher the isolation is. A decoupling network may be used to improve isolation of the dual polarized antenna. The degree of polarization isolation can be generally characterized by S21.
Installation and debugging of the decoupling network: a particular antenna array requires a decoupling network of particular structural parameters and the decoupling network needs to be installed at a particular location of the antenna feed. This position is difficult to be obtained accurately by calculation, but how to find the installation position of the decoupling network matched with a specific antenna is a key factor for ensuring the function of the decoupling network.
An important implementation scenario of the embodiment of the present invention is an MIMO antenna, in order to obtain an MIMO antenna that can meet 5G construction standards. The embodiment of the invention provides a decoupling network and an installation method thereof, and the decoupling network is installed in an MIMO antenna scene based on the installation method, so that an MIMO antenna meeting the requirements can be obtained.
As shown in fig. 1, the decoupling network in the embodiment of the present invention includes a motherboard 1 and a substrate 2 vertically placed on the motherboard 1, where a connection surface of the substrate 2 in contact with the motherboard 1 includes at least two edges with the smallest length in the substrate 2; at least one side surface of the substrate 2 perpendicular to the motherboard 1 is provided with a metal pattern 3, the side surface provided with the metal pattern 3 is also provided with a first contact 4 and a second contact 5, and the first contact 4 and the second contact 5 are used for being connected with related components of an antenna to be decoupled.
In a specific embodiment, the substrate and the motherboard of the decoupling network are both cuboids, and the left and right lower corners of the two ends of the substrate are respectively provided with a first contact and a second contact, so that the welding and the installation are convenient.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the substrate is not particularly limited, and the substrate may be processed from a single-layer PCB, for example, a single-layer PCB is cut into small pieces for use as the substrate, which is low in cost and easy for mass production. Pcb (printed Circuit board), which is called printed Circuit board in chinese, is an important electronic component, is a support for electronic components, and is a carrier for electrical connection of electronic components. It is called a "printed" circuit board because it is made using electronic printing.
In fig. 1, the substrate is a PCB board, which is vertically placed on a white motherboard. The substrate has a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and therefore, two sides are present in each of the longitudinal direction, the width direction, and the thickness direction, and the length of the side in the longitudinal direction > the length of the side in the width direction > the length of the side in the thickness direction. The connection plane in fig. 1 is the plane defined by the lengthwise side and the thickness side, and the thickness of the conductive material in the substrate, as viewed from the motherboard, is used as the width in the decoupling network. Based on the state of the art, the thickness of the substrate can be made very small (less than 0.02 mm), so that the impedance value of the decoupling network can be increased to a large extent. On the other hand, the substrate is vertically placed on the motherboard, the equivalent thickness of the substrate is correspondingly increased, and the medium on the substrate is equivalent to a mixture of air and the substrate medium. The decoupling network of the invention is equivalent to a transmission line, and in fig. 1, the equivalent thickness of the transmission line is increased by erecting the substrate and vertically placing the substrate on the motherboard on the basis of not increasing the thickness of the motherboard, so that the cost is saved and the impedance of the transmission line is further increased.
In order to further highlight the important role of the decoupling network in the embodiment of the present invention in raising the impedance, the embodiment of the present invention first explains the decoupling principle. Please refer to fig. 2, which discloses a schematic diagram of the decoupling principle. In fig. 2, 10 denotes a pair of antennas, 20 denotes a feeder of a specific length, 30 denotes a decoupling network, 40 denotes a connection line, and 50 denotes an output port.
In fig. 2, a certain length of the feed line 20 needs to be connected at the rear end of the two ports of the antenna 10. The next lower part is the core part of the decoupling network. For the purpose of eliminating coupling (S21 ═ 0), the above decoupling network needs to satisfy the following two conditions:
Re[Y21]＝0 (1)
Im[Y21]＝0 (2)
where the satisfaction of the condition (1) requires that the feeder line connected to the antenna port in fig. 2 be set to a specific length (i.e., the value of θ is set). The decoupling network needs to be placed at this particular location, determined by theta, and bridged over the two feeders. Meanwhile, in order to satisfy the condition (2), the decoupling network needs to satisfy certain circuit parameters, and antennas coupled with different amplitudes (dB values) need decoupling networks with different network parameters. From the transmission line perspective, the lower the initial coupling, the higher the impedance of the transmission line required. See table 1, which shows the impedance values required for antenna decoupling for different initial couplings. For example, if the initial coupling of a certain antenna array is less than-15 dB, if the transmission line decoupling is adopted, the impedance of the transmission line needs to be more than 143 ohms. Due to the limitation of the processing technology, if the processing technology of the traditional microstrip line is adopted, the transmission line with impedance larger than 150 ohms is difficult to realize.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in table 1, for antenna arrays with initial coupling less than-15 dB, the required characteristic impedance of the transmission line is very large, which is difficult to achieve based on conventional manufacturing processes.
In contrast, unlike the conventional planar PCB structure, the conventional PCB is cut into small rectangular pieces and the substrates are vertically arranged on the motherboard as independent devices in the embodiment of the present invention. For the traditional processing technology of the microstrip line, the width of the microstrip line needs to be reduced in order to increase the impedance, but the processing difficulty is greatly increased when the width is less than 0.2mm, the thickness of the copper sheet in the PCB can be used as the width by erecting the PCB, and the thickness of the copper sheet can be made very small (less than 0.02 mm), so that the impedance value is greatly increased. On the other hand, the equivalent thickness of the substrate is also increased by erecting the PCB.
In a specific embodiment, the substrate has a metal pattern on one side perpendicular to the motherboard, the first contact and the second contact are connected to the metal pattern, and the other side of the substrate opposite to the side having the metal pattern has no metal, so that the substrate only provides a function of fixing and heightening the metal pattern.
Further, the embodiment of the present invention does not specifically limit the metal pattern.
For example, in one possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the metal pattern includes two strips, a first strip 100 is parallel to one side of the substrate connection surface, and a second strip 200 is parallel to the first strip 100 and is connected to the first contact 4 and the second contact 5 through metal connection lines (101,103), respectively.
For example, in another possible embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the metal pattern includes a plurality of bending portions 104, and the metal pattern is connected to the first contact 4 and the second contact 5, respectively.
In this embodiment, the length of the metal line is increased by bending, and the area of the entire substrate can be reduced.
The decoupling network disclosed in the embodiment of the invention can be equivalent to a section of 900/2700 transmission line in a circuit model, the action is consistent with that of the traditional transmission line, and the main difference is that a higher characteristic impedance value can be realized.
After the decoupling network with a high characteristic impedance value is obtained, the decoupling network is required to be installed in order to achieve the decoupling purpose. Although there are several ways to implement a decoupling network, each decoupling network needs to be placed at a specific feeder location to satisfy the corresponding decoupling condition. In order to find the optimal position for the installation of the decoupling network, it is necessary to accurately obtain the amplitude and phase information of the antenna coupling. For the installed antenna, although the coupling amplitude can be measured by a simpler method, the coupling phase changes with the movement of the feeder line and is also influenced by interfaces such as the SMA, so that the phase information for a specific reference plane is difficult to obtain by a simple and low-cost method, thereby causing serious difficulty in installing a decoupling network in the prior art. To this end, an embodiment of the present invention provides a decoupling network installation method, where the decoupling network installation method is used to install a decoupling network according to an embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 5, the installation method includes:
s101, a first feeder line and a second feeder line are placed in parallel, and the length of each of the first feeder line and the second feeder line is half wavelength.
Specifically, the first feeder line and the second feeder line may be both disposed on a mounting substrate, as shown in fig. 6, the first feeder line 01 and the second feeder line 02 are disposed on a dielectric substrate 03, the first feeder line 01 and the second feeder line 02 are disposed on an upper layer of the mounting substrate, and the ground plate 04 is a lower layer. The mounting base plate is used for fixing the first feeder line 01 and the second feeder line 02, and further providing support for subsequent decoupling network setting.
S103, adjusting the distance between the first feeder line and the second feeder line to enable the distance to be not smaller than the length of the decoupling network, so that the decoupling network can be ensured to be bridged between the first feeder line and the second feeder line.
S105, connecting a first port of the first feeder line with a first antenna, and connecting a third port, parallel to the first port, on the second feeder line with a second antenna; connecting the second port of the first feed line to the first output port and the fourth port of the second feed line to the second output port to observe a change in the magnitude of coupling of the first antenna and the second antenna.
The output port is used for outputting electromagnetic waves to observe the coupling condition of the first antenna and the second antenna, and the output port can be connected with other components in the communication system.
S107, connecting a first contact of the decoupling network to a first feeder, connecting a second contact of the decoupling network to a second feeder, moving the position of the first contact on the first feeder, correspondingly moving the position of the second contact on the second feeder until an optimal position point corresponding to the first contact and an optimal position point corresponding to the second contact are found, and when the first contact and the second contact are both at the corresponding optimal position points, the coupling amplitude of the antenna meets the decoupling condition.
Specifically, a connecting line of the first contact and the second contact is always perpendicular to the first feeder line. Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of debugging and installation of a decoupling network, which needs to be set at a special position to meet the decoupling requirement of the antenna as described above, and the forward calculation of the special position is complex in practice. In addition, the occurrence of such a special position is somewhat periodic, i.e. the position occurs once every half wavelength, so that there must be a special position point between two parallel feed lines of half wavelength length. The embodiment of the invention provides a reverse operation method for observing a result and then determining a position based on the analysis. The decoupling network 002 moves on the first feeder line and the second feeder line by taking the mounting base plate 001 as a support, the optimal position point is found by moving the position of the decoupling network for a limited time and combining with the coupling condition of a real-time observation antenna, the decoupling network is fixed based on the optimal position point to achieve the decoupling purpose, and the decoupling network and the mounting base plate form an independent decoupling device.
The embodiment of the invention provides a decoupling network and a corresponding installation method thereof, wherein the decoupling network has a simple structure and can be suitable for a decoupling network scheme with initial antenna coupling between-10 dB and-25 dB. The decoupling network is easy to process, easy to install and low in implementation cost. The antenna can be used as an independent device and is suitable for various antenna arrays, and large-scale production can be carried out. It is still applicable to already manufactured antenna arrays. And the decoupling network debugging and installing equipment is simple, only a bottom plate needs to be installed, and the cost is low. The optimal position of the decoupling circuit can be accurately found without estimating the coupling phase.
The installation method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention not only works for a single pair of antennas, but also works for the antenna array, and the decoupling network can be installed for each pair of antennas of the antenna array by using the installation method. Fig. 8 shows an array of 3-element patch antennas, which requires only the decoupled network as an independent device to be bridged between every two antenna elements. The debugging and installing method is consistent with the method of the embodiment of the invention.
The decoupling network and the installation and debugging method thereof can be used for improving the isolation of the M IMO antenna, improving the isolation of the dual-polarized antenna, reducing the coupling of a large-scale antenna array and the like. Fig. 9 shows S parameters of a magnetic dipole-based dual-polarized antenna without a decoupling network, and fig. 10 shows changes of the S parameters after the decoupling network is installed. Where S21 characterizes the change in isolation before and after its decoupling. In the working bandwidth (3.3-3.8GHZ), the isolation before decoupling is about-20 dB, and the isolation after decoupling is improved to be below-33 dB. The effect of the decoupling network is seen to be very significant.
The embodiment of the invention firstly provides a decoupling network. The equivalent circuit of the decoupling network is equivalent to an 900/2700 transmission line with ultrahigh impedance, and the equivalent characteristic impedance can reach 150-300 ohms, while the traditional microstrip-line-based process is difficult to realize the characteristic of high impedance. The initial coupling range of conventional networks is suitably-6 dB to-10 dB, while for situations where the initial coupling is low (e.g., dual polarized antennas, patch antennas, dipole antennas, etc.), conventional decoupling networks will be ineffective. Experiments show that the decoupling network provided by the embodiment of the invention still has a larger decoupling effect on the antenna with the original coupling (S21) of the antenna being about-10 dB to-25 dB. After the proposed decoupling network is installed, the coupling between the antennas can be reduced to below-30 dB.
Further, the embodiment of the invention provides a simple and low-cost method for searching the installation position of the decoupling network. The best position of the decoupling network can be found through a reverse operation mode of 'firstly moving debugging and then welding installation'. The whole process does not need to measure the phase information of antenna coupling, and has simple structure and low cost. The method is not only suitable for the decoupling network provided by the invention, but also suitable for all other decoupling networks with parallel structures.
In summary, the embodiments of the present invention propose a decoupling network scheme that can be used for an antenna array with initial coupling from-10 dB to-25 dB. The network has simple structure and is easy to process. The network is suitable for all types of antennas, can be sold as an independent device, and has a wide prospect. In addition, the invention also provides an installation method of the independent decoupling network, and the method has low cost and simple operation and has no professional threshold. The method is not only suitable for the decoupling device provided by the invention, but also suitable for other decoupling devices of various types, and is very useful in the future 5G system.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the disclosure and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.
Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, not other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims of the present invention, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.
The present invention may also be embodied as apparatus or system programs (e.g., computer programs and computer program products) for performing a portion or all of the methods described herein. Such programs implementing the present invention may be stored on computer-readable media or may be in the form of one or more signals. Such a signal may be downloaded from an internet website, provided on a carrier signal, or provided in any other form.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps or the like not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several systems, several of these systems may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering and these words may be interpreted as names.
Claims (9)
1. A decoupling network, characterized by: the connecting surface of the substrate, which is in contact with the motherboard, comprises at least two edges with the smallest length in the substrate; at least one side surface of the substrate, which is vertical to the motherboard, is provided with a metal pattern; a first contact and a second contact are further arranged on the side face with the metal pattern, the first contact and the second contact are used for being connected with relevant components of the antenna to be decoupled, the first contact of the decoupling network is connected to the first feeder, the second contact of the decoupling network is connected to the second feeder, and the first contact and the second contact are respectively connected with two end portions of the metal pattern; the metal pattern comprises two strip-shaped metal wires, a first strip-shaped metal wire is parallel to one edge of the substrate connecting surface, a second strip-shaped metal wire is parallel to the first strip-shaped metal wire, and the first strip-shaped metal wire and the second strip-shaped metal wire are respectively connected with the first contact and the second contact through metal connecting wires.
2. A decoupling network as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the substrate and the motherboard of the decoupling network are both cuboids, and the first contact and the second contact are respectively distributed at the left lower corner and the right lower corner of the two ends of the substrate.
3. A decoupling network as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: there is a metal pattern on one side of the substrate perpendicular to the motherboard, the first contact and the second contact are both connected to the metal pattern, and there is no metal on the other side of the substrate opposite to the side having the metal pattern.
4. A decoupling network as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the metal pattern includes a plurality of bending portions.
5. A decoupling network as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the substrate is formed by processing a single-layer PCB.
6. A decoupling network as claimed in claim 5 wherein: the substrate is obtained by cutting a single-piece single-layer PCB board into small pieces.
7. A decoupling network installation method for installing the decoupling network of any one of claims 1-6, the method comprising: a first feeder line and a second feeder line are placed in parallel, and the lengths of the first feeder line and the second feeder line are half-wavelength; adjusting the distance between the first feeder and the second feeder so that the distance is not less than the length of the decoupling network to ensure that the decoupling network can bridge between the first feeder and the second feeder; connecting a first port of the first feeder line with a first antenna, and connecting a third port parallel to the first port on the second feeder line with a second antenna; connecting the second port of the first feed line with the first output port and the fourth port of the second feed line with the second output port to observe a change in the magnitude of coupling of the first antenna and the second antenna; connecting a first contact of the decoupling network to a first feeder, connecting a second contact of the decoupling network to a second feeder, moving the position of the first contact on the first feeder, correspondingly moving the position of the second contact on the second feeder until finding an optimal position point corresponding to the first contact and an optimal position point corresponding to the second contact, and when the first contact and the second contact are both at the optimal position points corresponding to the first contact and the second contact, the coupling amplitude of the antenna meets the decoupling condition.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: and a connecting line of the first contact and the second contact is always vertical to the first feeder line.
9. A decoupling network mounting apparatus for mounting the decoupling network of any one of claims 1-6, the apparatus comprising: the device comprises a placing module, a first feeder line and a second feeder line, wherein the placing module is used for placing the first feeder line and the second feeder line in parallel, and the lengths of the first feeder line and the second feeder line are half wavelengths; the distance adjusting module is used for adjusting the distance between the first feeder line and the second feeder line, so that the distance is not less than the length of the decoupling network, and the decoupling network can be ensured to be bridged between the first feeder line and the second feeder line; the connection module is used for connecting a first port of the first feeder line with a first antenna and connecting a third port, which is parallel to the first port, on the second feeder line with a second antenna; connecting the second port of the first feed line with the first output port and the fourth port of the second feed line with the second output port to observe a change in the magnitude of coupling of the first antenna and the second antenna; and the optimal position point searching module is used for connecting a first contact of the decoupling network to a first feeder, connecting a second contact of the decoupling network to a second feeder, moving the position of the first contact on the first feeder, correspondingly moving the position of the second contact on the second feeder until the optimal position point corresponding to the first contact and the optimal position point corresponding to the second contact are found, and when the first contact and the second contact are both positioned at the corresponding optimal position points, the coupling amplitude of the antenna meets the decoupling condition.
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