CN112070140A - Density clustering mark-like pattern recognition method based on dimension decomposition - Google Patents

Density clustering mark-like pattern recognition method based on dimension decomposition Download PDF

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CN112070140A
CN112070140A CN202010904135.6A CN202010904135A CN112070140A CN 112070140 A CN112070140 A CN 112070140A CN 202010904135 A CN202010904135 A CN 202010904135A CN 112070140 A CN112070140 A CN 112070140A
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CN112070140B (en
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梁少军
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Army Engineering University of PLA
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Abstract

The invention discloses a density clustering mark pattern recognition method based on dimension decomposition, which comprises the steps of taking a core point matrix from training data according to a clustering core point index set, taking the kth test data in an unmanned aerial vehicle test data matrix, solving a neighboring core point set of the kth test data, analyzing the neighboring core point set of the kth test data, recognizing a clustering mark of the kth test data, and traversing each test data in the unmanned aerial vehicle test data matrix. The invention only needs to input the neighborhood radius, and gets rid of the disturbance of the algorithm super parameter adjustment. Modeling is not needed and algorithm overhead is small.

Description

Density clustering mark-like pattern recognition method based on dimension decomposition
Technical Field
The method belongs to the field of pattern recognition, and particularly relates to a density clustering mark-like pattern recognition method based on dimension decomposition.
Background
The density clustering algorithm DBSCAN has the advantages that data in any shape can be processed, the clustering quantity can be automatically deduced according to the rule of the data, noise data can be automatically eliminated, and the like, so that the method is widely applied to multiple fields.
After the DBSCAN algorithm performs cluster analysis on the original cluster data (training data), the training data is divided into a plurality of clusters and labeled with different class labels, i.e., the data is grouped. In practical applications, it is often necessary to determine to which group of training data the new data (test data) belongs, i.e. cluster landmark pattern recognition of the test data.
Common pattern recognition methods include similarity (distance) -based pattern recognition methods based on neural networks and machine learning. The similarity-based pattern recognition method judges the class labels according to the spatial similarity of the test data and the training data, and the calculation cost is high. The pattern recognition method based on the neural network needs modeling, the model is easy to fall into local optimal and overfitting, and the calculation cost is large when the data volume is increased. The pattern recognition method based on machine learning also needs to learn the rule modeling of training data and class marks so as to recognize the class marks of test data, but the algorithm has the following problems: 1) the calculation overhead is large when the data amount increases; 2) over-fitting or under-fitting is easily generated; 3) the method is troubled by the algorithm super-parameter tuning. Common pattern recognition methods based on machine learning include decision trees, discriminant analysis, logistic regression, naive Bayes, support vector machines, nearest neighbor classification, integration algorithms, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a density clustering logo pattern recognition method based on dimension decomposition.
The method makes full use of the calculation convenience brought by dimension decomposition, and in the algorithm, firstly, the range of the data to be processed is reduced by performing searching and combinational logic judgment based on the dimension decomposition, and then, the clustering class labels are further accurately identified. The algorithm has small total calculation overhead and high accuracy.
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
a density clustering mark-like pattern recognition method based on dimension decomposition comprises the following steps:
step 1, inputting the training data X of the clustered unmanned aerial vehicle as X1,x2,…,xmWhere m is the total number of training data, the dimensionality of the training data is n,
training data class mark corresponding to input training data X
Figure BDA0002660796490000021
The input cluster core point index set C and neighborhood radius Eps,
test data T of input unmanned aerial vehicle is T ═ T1,t2,…,tpWhere p is the total number of test data, the dimension of the test data is n,
step 2, extracting a core point matrix CX, A from the training data X according to the clustering core point index set CCBeing the total number of core points in the matrix of core points CX, CXiRepresenting the ith core point in the matrix of core points CX,
Figure BDA0002660796490000023
as core points CXiN dimensional values of (a), i ranges from [1, A ]C],
Step 3, taking kth test data t in unmanned aerial vehicle test data matrixk
Figure BDA0002660796490000022
As test data tkTraversing all core points in the core point matrix CX if the ith core point CXiEach dimension value satisfies:
Figure BDA0002660796490000031
j is the dimension number of the core point, and the range of j is [1, n ]],
Then the core point CX is setiLogging test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1
Step 4, analyzing the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1For test data tkThe cluster class labels of (a) are identified,
and 5, repeating the steps 3 to 4 to traverse each test data in the unmanned aerial vehicle test data matrix.
The step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, if the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1If it is empty, test data t will be sentkMarking as a noise point;
step 4.2, if the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1Has only one core point, which is marked as core point CXrThen, further determine whether the following equation holds:
||CXr-tk||2≤Eps
wherein | · | purple sweet2Which means that the 2-norm operation is taken,
if the above formula is true, then
Figure BDA0002660796490000032
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure BDA0002660796490000033
representing core points CXrThe cluster class label of (a) is,
Figure BDA0002660796490000034
as test data tkThe cluster class label of (a) is,
if not, testing data tkMarking as a noise point;
step 4.3, if the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1The number of central core points is more than 1, and the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1Mid-rejection distance test data tkObtaining a new set of neighboring core points from the core points having a Euclidean distance greater than Eps
Figure BDA0002660796490000035
Analyzing a set of new neighboring core points
Figure BDA0002660796490000036
Identifying test data tkThe cluster class label.
The step 4.3 comprises the following steps:
step 4.3.1, from test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1Mid-rejection distance test data tkObtaining a new set of neighboring core points from the core points having a Euclidean distance greater than Eps
Figure BDA0002660796490000041
Step 4.3.2, if the new set of neighboring core points
Figure BDA0002660796490000042
If it is empty, test data t will be sentkMarking as a noise point;
step 4.3.3, if the new set of neighboring core points
Figure BDA0002660796490000043
Has only one core point, which is marked as core point CXfThen, then
Figure BDA0002660796490000044
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure BDA0002660796490000045
representing core points CXfThe cluster class label of (a) is,
Figure BDA0002660796490000046
as test data tkThe cluster class label;
step 4.3.4, if the new neighboring core point set
Figure BDA0002660796490000047
If the number of the central core points is multiple and the clustering class labels are the same, the new adjacent core points are gathered
Figure BDA0002660796490000048
The cluster class label of the central core point is taken as test data tkCluster type mark of
Figure BDA0002660796490000049
Step 4.3.5, if the new set of neighboring core points
Figure BDA00026607964900000410
The number of the central core points is moreIf the cluster type labels are different, then the new neighboring core point set
Figure BDA00026607964900000411
Find and test data t inkEuropean nearest core point CXz
Figure BDA00026607964900000412
Representing core points CXzClustering class mark of (2) to classify core point CXzCluster type mark of
Figure BDA00026607964900000413
As tkCluster type mark of
Figure BDA00026607964900000414
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. no additional parameters. The algorithm only needs to input the neighborhood radius Eps during DBSCAN clustering analysis, and does not need to input extra parameters, so that the trouble of excessive parameter adjustment of the algorithm is eliminated.
2. No modeling is required. The algorithm judges and identifies the test data class labels based on dimension decomposition and mathematical rules on the basis of the clustering principle of the deep research DBSCAN algorithm. The algorithm does not need to be modeled in advance by means of training data, and overfitting, under-fitting and falling into local optimal risks do not exist.
3. The algorithm overhead is small. The algorithm of the invention firstly decomposes multidimensional data, respectively executes search operation on each dimensionality, then reduces the range to be processed by combinational logic judgment and then runs distance operation with larger calculation cost, thus having remarkable calculation advantages compared with other pattern recognition methods based on similarity (distance), neural network and machine learning.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is unmanned aerial vehicle training data and class labels;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of unmanned aerial vehicle test data and true class labels;
fig. 3 is a result of identifying the working condition of the test data of the unmanned aerial vehicle, where fig. 3(a) is a true class mark of the test data, fig. 3(b) is a weighted KNN algorithm class mark, fig. 3(c) is a weighted KNN algorithm class mark difference, fig. 3(d) is an algorithm class mark of the present invention, and fig. 3(e) is an algorithm class mark difference of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples for the purpose of facilitating understanding and practice of the invention by those of ordinary skill in the art, and it is to be understood that the present invention has been described in the illustrative embodiments and is not to be construed as limited thereto.
Example (b):
a density clustering mark-like pattern recognition method based on dimension decomposition comprises the following steps:
step 1, inputting the training data X of the clustered unmanned aerial vehicle as X1,x2,…,xmWhere m is the total number of training data and the dimension of the training data is n, i.e., x1,x2,…,xmIs n.
Training data class mark corresponding to input training data X
Figure BDA0002660796490000051
Wherein x is1~xmFor the number m of training data sets,
Figure BDA0002660796490000052
for each training data x1~xmCorresponding to the clustering class mark, m is the total number of training data, the dimensionality of the training data is n,
as shown in fig. 1. And inputting a clustering core point index set C and a neighborhood radius Eps of DBSCAN clustering analysis.
Test data T of input unmanned aerial vehicle is T ═ T1,t2,…,tpWherein t is1~tpP test data, p is the total number of the test data, and n is the dimension of the test data which is the same as the dimension of the training data. By using
Figure BDA0002660796490000061
Indicating test data to be identifiedThe number of the class label is set as the standard,
Figure BDA0002660796490000062
for each test data t1~tpAnd (5) corresponding to the clustering class labels. To determine the accuracy of the test data algorithm for identifying the class labels relative to the actual class labels, the actual class labels of the test data are given, as shown in fig. 2.
And 2, taking out a core point matrix CX from the training data X according to the clustering core point index set C. With ACRepresenting the total number of core points in a matrix of core points CX, CXiRepresenting the ith core point in the matrix of core points CX, wherein
Figure BDA0002660796490000063
As core points CXiN dimensional values. By using
Figure BDA0002660796490000064
A cluster type mark for representing the ith core point, wherein the serial number of the core point in the i core point matrix CX, and the range of i is [1, AC]。
Step 3, taking kth test data t in the test data matrix of the unmanned aerial vehiclekK is in the range of [1, p ]]Wherein
Figure BDA0002660796490000065
For this purpose test data tkN dimensional values. Traversing all core points in the core point matrix CX if the ith core point CXiEach dimension value satisfies:
Figure BDA0002660796490000066
j is the dimension of the core point, and the range of j is [1, n ]],
Then the core point CX is setiLogging test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1Up to ACThe traversal of the core points ends.
Step 4, analyzing the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1For test data tkThe cluster class labels of (a) are identified,
step 4.1, if the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1If it is empty, test data t will be sentkMarked as noise points.
Step 4.2, if the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1Has only one core point, which is marked as core point CXrThen, further determine whether the following equation holds:
||CXr-tk||2≤Eps
in the above formula, | · the luminance | |2Representing a 2 norm operation.
If the above formula is true, then
Figure BDA0002660796490000071
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure BDA0002660796490000072
representing core points CXrThe cluster class label of (a) is,
Figure BDA0002660796490000073
as test data tkThe cluster class label.
If not, testing data tkMarked as noise points.
Step 4.3, if the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1When the number of the central core points is more than 1, identifying the test data t according to the following stepskThe cluster class label;
step 4.3.1, from test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1Mid-rejection distance test data tkObtaining a new set of neighboring core points for which the Euclidean distance is greater than Eps
Figure BDA0002660796490000074
And (4) showing.
Step 4.3.2, if the new set of neighboring core points
Figure BDA0002660796490000075
If it is empty, test data t will be sentkMarked as noise points.
Step 4.3.3, if the new set of neighboring core points
Figure BDA0002660796490000076
Has only one core point, which is marked as core point CXfThen, then
Figure BDA0002660796490000077
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure BDA0002660796490000078
representing core points CXfThe cluster class label of (a) is,
Figure BDA0002660796490000079
as test data tkThe cluster class label.
Step 4.3.4, if the new neighboring core point set
Figure BDA00026607964900000710
If there are still more (greater than 1) core points and the clustering criteria are the same, then the new neighboring core points are collected
Figure BDA0002660796490000081
The cluster class mark of the central core point is used as test data tkCluster type mark of
Figure BDA0002660796490000082
Step 4.3.5, if the new set of neighboring core points
Figure BDA0002660796490000083
If there are still more (greater than 1) core points and the cluster labels are different, then the new neighboring core point set
Figure BDA0002660796490000084
In-process finding and testingData tkEuropean nearest core point CXz
Figure BDA0002660796490000085
Representing core points CXzClustering of (2) class mark, with CXzCluster type mark of
Figure BDA0002660796490000086
Is identified as tkCluster type mark of
Figure BDA0002660796490000087
And 5, repeating the steps 3 to 4 to traverse each test data in the unmanned aerial vehicle test data matrix.
In order to check the algorithm of the invention, a weighted KNN algorithm is used as a comparison. Drawing the real class mark of the test data and identifying the class mark effect by two algorithms, as shown in figure 3. As can be seen from the figure, the classification accuracy of the algorithm of the present invention on the test data class of the drone is 100%, which is higher than the recognition accuracy (97.58%) of the weighted KNN algorithm. From the aspect of running time, under the same platform (MATLAB2019a, 64G memory, 3.2GHz main frequency), the average time of the algorithm is 0.004708 seconds after multiple running, which is far lower than the average time of 0.062163 seconds after multiple running of weighted KNN.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (3)

1. A density clustering mark-like pattern recognition method based on dimension decomposition is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, inputting the training data X of the clustered unmanned aerial vehicle as X1,x2,…,xmWhere m is the total number of training data, the dimensionality of the training data is n,
training data class corresponding to input training data XSign board
Figure FDA0002660796480000011
A set C of cluster core point indices and a neighborhood radius Eps are input,
test data T of input unmanned aerial vehicle is T ═ T1,t2,…,tpWhere p is the total number of test data, the dimension of the test data is n,
step 2, extracting a core point matrix CX, A from the training data X according to the clustering core point index set CCBeing the total number of core points in the matrix of core points CX, CXiRepresenting the ith core point in the matrix of core points CX,
Figure FDA0002660796480000012
as core points CXiN dimensional values of (a), i ranges from [1, A ]C],
Step 3, taking kth test data t in unmanned aerial vehicle test data matrixk
Figure FDA0002660796480000013
As test data tkTraversing all core points in the core point matrix CX if the ith core point CXiEach dimension value satisfies:
Figure FDA0002660796480000014
j is the dimension number of the core point, and the range of j is [1, n ]],
Then the core point CX is setiLogging test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1
Step 4, analyzing the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1For test data tkThe cluster class labels of (a) are identified,
and 5, repeating the steps 3 to 4 to traverse each test data in the unmanned aerial vehicle test data matrix.
2. The method for recognizing the density cluster label mode based on the dimension decomposition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 4 comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, if the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1If it is empty, test data t will be sentkMarking as a noise point;
step 4.2, if the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1Has only one core point, which is marked as core point CXrThen, further determine whether the following equation holds:
||CXr-tk||2≤Eps
wherein | · | purple sweet2Which means that the 2-norm operation is taken,
if the above formula is true, then
Figure FDA0002660796480000021
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure FDA0002660796480000022
representing core points CXrThe cluster class label of (a) is,
Figure FDA0002660796480000023
as test data tkThe cluster class label of (a) is,
if not, testing data tkMarking as a noise point;
step 4.3, if the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1The number of central core points is more than 1, and the test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1Mid-rejection distance test data tkObtaining a new set of neighboring core points from the core points having a Euclidean distance greater than Eps
Figure FDA0002660796480000024
Analyzing a set of new neighboring core points
Figure FDA0002660796480000025
Identifying test data tkThe cluster class label.
3. The method for recognizing the density cluster label mode based on the dimension decomposition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 4.3 comprises the following steps:
step 4.3.1, from test data tkSet of neighboring core points N1Mid-rejection distance test data tkObtaining a new set of neighboring core points from the core points having a Euclidean distance greater than Eps
Figure FDA0002660796480000026
Step 4.3.2, if the new set of neighboring core points
Figure FDA0002660796480000027
If it is empty, test data t will be sentkMarking as a noise point;
step 4.3.3, if the new set of neighboring core points
Figure FDA0002660796480000031
Has only one core point, which is marked as core point CXfThen, then
Figure FDA0002660796480000032
In the above formula, the first and second carbon atoms are,
Figure FDA0002660796480000033
representing core points CXfThe cluster class label of (a) is,
Figure FDA0002660796480000034
as test data tkThe cluster class label;
step 4.3.4, if the new neighboring core point set
Figure FDA0002660796480000035
If the number of the central core points is multiple and the clustering class labels are the same, the new adjacent core points are gathered
Figure FDA0002660796480000036
The cluster class mark of the central core point is used as test data tkCluster type mark of
Figure FDA0002660796480000037
Step 4.3.5, if the new set of neighboring core points
Figure FDA0002660796480000038
If the number of the central core points is multiple and the clustering labels are different, then the new adjacent core point set
Figure FDA0002660796480000039
Find and test data t inkEuropean nearest core point CXz
Figure FDA00026607964800000310
Representing core points CXzClustering class mark of (2) to classify core point CXzCluster type mark of
Figure FDA00026607964800000311
As tkCluster type mark of
Figure FDA00026607964800000312
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