CN112069698A - Hoisting simulation construction method and system based on BIM - Google Patents
Hoisting simulation construction method and system based on BIM Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM, which comprises the following steps: modeling the automobile crane, a hoisting object and a scene component, determining the station area of the automobile crane, and finding out the optimal station of a plurality of automobile cranes; planning paths from the starting position to the target position of the hoisted object, wherein each path graph corresponds to one or more operation steps; the method comprises the steps of simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane, detecting whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with a scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs lifting, rotating, amplitude changing and stretching actions, calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm, and judging whether the safety requirements are met or not. The method can accurately simulate the hoisting process of the automobile crane, obtain the optimal hoisting path, avoid collision and ensure that the pressure of the supporting legs on the ground and the force born by the hoisting arm are within a safe range. The invention also provides a hoisting simulation construction system based on the BIM.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hoisting. More specifically, the invention relates to a hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM and a system thereof.
Background
The hoisting operation is an indispensable link in the engineering construction process all the time. Under the background that the country vigorously promotes building industrialization and the development of various domestic engineering constructions towards large-scale and complex trends, the huge market demand brings new driving force for the development of the hoisting industry, so that the demand for the crane is also increased. The automobile hoisting is skillfully realized by virtue of the advantages of good maneuverability, rapid transfer and the like, and occupies the leading position in the market demand of the mobile crane, and the market demand is about more than 75 percent. The method is widely applied to construction projects of rapidly-developed industries such as urban engineering construction, bridge construction, nuclear power, wind power, petrochemical industry and the like. At present, the traditional hoisting scheme is mainly established manually. The hoisting scheme making personnel firstly come to a hoisting site to investigate, study and analyze a hoisting operation environment, calculate and check according to the investigated work requirement, then investigate available truck crane resources, look up a truck crane hoisting performance data table, determine a truck crane capable of completing hoisting task operation and working parameters of a hoisting process of the truck crane, and finally write the hoisting scheme. Because the data volume of the lifting performance data tables of the automobile cranes with various models is very large, the work of manually calculating, checking and selecting the automobile crane meeting the working condition requirements is very complicated and inefficient, and the working requirements are difficult to be efficiently and economically adapted; and the implementation effect of the hoisting scheme cannot be verified immediately after the hoisting scheme is determined, and the feasibility and the rationality of the scheme cannot be reliably verified before actual operation. Building Information Modeling (Building Information Modeling, also called Building Information Modeling), referred to as BIM for short, is a Building or construction engineering Information model application that is composed of sufficient Information to support new product development and management and can be directly interpreted by a computer application program. The visualization and simulation of the BIM can avoid the loss caused by the problems in the construction process to a great extent. How to effectively combine the BIM with the hoisting technology requires a great deal of research and is an important research object of researchers at present.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM, which can accurately simulate the hoisting process of an automobile crane, obtain an optimal hoisting path, avoid collision, and ensure that the pressure of the supporting legs to the ground and the force borne by the boom are within a safe range.
The invention also aims to provide a hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM, which can ensure the realization of a hoisting simulation construction method and improve the hoisting simulation efficiency.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, a hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM is provided, which includes:
modeling an automobile crane, a hoisting object and a scene component in the construction process, marking the movable area of the automobile crane, and determining the station area of the automobile crane;
finding out the optimal station positions of the multiple automobile cranes by moving the station positions of the automobile cranes and adjusting the amplitude of suspension arms of the automobile cranes;
carrying out path planning on the starting position to the target position of the hoisting object to obtain N path graphs, wherein each path graph corresponds to one or more operation steps, and N > is 1;
simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, detecting whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with a scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic action, calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm, and judging whether the safety requirements are met or not;
if collision happens, the operation steps corresponding to the path diagram are adjusted, and if the collision cannot be avoided, the path diagram is replaced and the simulation is carried out again;
if the collision does not occur and the pressure of the support legs of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arms meet the safety requirements, recording the path diagram and the corresponding operation steps so as to guide the actual construction.
Preferably, the hoisting simulation construction method based on the BIM calculates the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane to the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm, and judges whether the safety requirement is met, and specifically includes:
when the automobile crane performs lifting, rotating, amplitude changing and stretching actions, the pressure of the supporting legs of the automobile crane on the ground is calculated to obtain a dynamic change curve of the pressure on the ground, and whether the safety requirement is met or not is judged according to the dynamic change curve;
the suspension arm of the automobile crane comprises a main arm, an auxiliary arm and a telescopic arm, the force borne by the main arm, the auxiliary arm and the telescopic arm is respectively calculated to obtain a dynamic change curve of the force borne by each component when the motion changes, and whether the safety requirement is met or not is judged according to the dynamic change curve.
Preferably, in the hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM, path planning is performed from an initial position to a destination position of a hoisted object to obtain N path diagrams, and each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps, and specifically includes: and carrying out priority differentiation on the obtained N path graphs, and dividing the N path graphs into a first recommended path, a second recommended path and a third recommended path until the Nth recommended path, wherein each operation step comprises a series of decomposed action steps.
Preferably, the hoisting simulation construction method based on the BIM specifically includes the following steps of: judging whether matched sample models exist in an automobile crane model library, a hoisting object model library and a scene component model library or not according to the attribute information of the automobile crane, the hoisting object and the scene component, and if the matched sample models exist in the automobile crane model library, the hoisting object model library and the scene component model library, determining that the sample models are target three-dimensional models; and if the attribute information does not exist, establishing a target three-dimensional model according to the attribute information.
Preferably, the hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM determines the station area of the truck crane, and specifically includes: and determining the maximum operation radius according to the farthest hoisting position of the hoisted object and the length, the maximum hoisting weight and the performance parameters of the automobile crane, and taking the part of the movable area of the automobile crane, which is superposed with the maximum operation radius, as the station area of the automobile crane.
Preferably, in the hoisting simulation construction method based on the BIM, the influence of the wind speed and the wind direction on a hoisted object is added when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions in the process of simulating the hoisting of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps.
The object of the invention can be further realized by a hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM, which comprises the following steps:
the building module is used for modeling an automobile crane, a hoisting object and a scene component in the construction process;
the simulation display module is used for fusing the automobile crane model, the hoisted object model and the scene component model;
the station area determining module is used for determining the station area of the automobile crane;
the path planning module is used for planning a path from the starting position to the target position of the hoisting object and planning N path graphs, wherein each path graph plans one or more operation steps, and N > is 1;
the collision detection module simulates the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, detects whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with the scene structure when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions,
and the force calculation module is used for calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm and judging whether the safety requirement is met.
Preferably, the hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM, the force calculation module includes: the pressure calculation module is used for calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane to the ground; the device comprises a force calculation module born by the suspension arm, a judgment module and a control module, wherein the force calculation module is used for calculating the force born by each component of the suspension arm, and the judgment module is used for calculating whether the pressure or the force born meets the safety requirement or not.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the optimal station positions of a plurality of automobile cranes are found out by moving the station positions of the automobile cranes and adjusting the amplitude of the suspension arms of the automobile cranes, and a plurality of station positions are found out instead of only one station position, so that the station positions of some station positions can be quickly and timely adjusted when collision occurs or the pressure of supporting legs is too large during simulation; the path planning module can plan a path from the starting position to the target position of the hoisted object, and recommends N path graphs, each path graph corresponds to one or more operation steps, and the path graphs can be quickly adjusted if collision and other problems occur during hoisting simulation, so that the simulation success efficiency is improved. The collision detection module can detect whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with the scene structure, and the force calculation module can calculate the pressure of the supporting leg of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm and judge whether the safety requirement is met. Therefore, in the simulated hoisting process, whether collision occurs can be detected, the pressure of the supporting legs to the ground and the force borne by the hoisting arm can be calculated to ensure the construction safety, the obtained optimal hoisting path and the operation steps can well guide the actual hoisting. The method and the system provided by the invention have the advantages of functional diversity and strong integration.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a relationship diagram of a hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
As shown in fig. 1, a hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s10, modeling the automobile crane, the hoisted objects and the scene components in the construction process, marking the movable area of the automobile crane, and determining the station area of the automobile crane.
The modeling of the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene component in the construction process specifically comprises the following steps: judging whether matched sample models exist in an automobile crane model library, a hoisting object model library and a scene component model library or not according to the attribute information of the automobile crane, the hoisting object and the scene component, and if the matched sample models exist in the automobile crane model library, the hoisting object model library and the scene component model library, determining that the sample models are target three-dimensional models; and if the attribute information does not exist, establishing a target three-dimensional model according to the attribute information. The attribute information of the automobile crane comprises rated lifting capacity, suspension arm length, lifting height and the like; the attribute information of the hoisted object is the shape, the weight and the volume; the attribute information of the scene component is: shape, height, volume, area, etc.
It should be noted that, during modeling, models of the automobile crane, the hoisted object and the scene component are the same as the actual proportion. A large number of models which are built in advance are stored in an automobile crane model library, a hoisting object model library and scene components, for example, the automobile crane model comprises automobile crane models of various models as far as possible. The movable area of the truck crane needs to be determined according to actual condition examination.
Wherein, confirm the mobile crane station position region specifically includes: and determining the maximum operation radius according to the farthest hoisting position of the hoisted object and the length, the maximum hoisting weight and the performance parameters of the automobile crane, and taking the part of the movable area of the automobile crane, which is superposed with the maximum operation radius, as the station area of the automobile crane.
And S20, finding out the optimal station positions of the multiple automobile cranes by moving the station positions of the automobile cranes and adjusting the amplitude of the suspension arms of the automobile cranes.
For the determination of the optimal station position, the station position needs to be adjusted for many times, and then the conditions of the automobile crane, scene components, the automobile crane and hoisted objects are observed by utilizing the functions of three-dimensional view and the like in combination with the angle of the boom. And finding out the optimal station positions of a plurality of automobile cranes and recording data. A plurality of standing positions are found instead of only one standing position, so that some standing positions can be adjusted quickly and timely when collision occurs or the pressure of supporting legs is too high in simulation.
S30, planning a path from the starting position to the target position of the hoisting object to obtain N path graphs, wherein each path graph corresponds to one or more operation steps, and N > is 1;
the method comprises the following steps of planning a path from an initial position to a target position of a hoisting object to obtain N path graphs, wherein each path graph corresponds to one or more operation steps, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and carrying out priority differentiation on the obtained N path graphs, and dividing the N path graphs into a first recommended path, a second recommended path and a third recommended path until the Nth recommended path, wherein each operation step comprises a series of decomposed action steps.
When the path planning is carried out, the shortest path from the initial position to the target position of the hoisting object needs to be found through the setting conditions of the automobile crane, the hoisting object and the scene component and through mathematical and physical operations. Since there are different operating methods from one location to another, for example, lifting followed by translation and then rotation, amplitude variation, or translation followed by lifting, amplitude variation followed by rotation, etc., there may be a variety of optional action steps. Therefore, for each path, various detailed action steps are planned as much as possible, so that the action step which is most convenient to operate can be found in the simulation.
S40, simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, detecting whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with a scene structure when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions, calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm, and judging whether the safety requirements are met;
when the automobile crane performs lifting, rotating, amplitude changing and stretching actions, the pressure of the supporting legs of the automobile crane on the ground is calculated, a dynamic change curve of the pressure on the ground is obtained, and whether the safety requirement is met or not is judged according to the dynamic change curve. The suspension arm of the automobile crane comprises a main arm, an auxiliary arm and a telescopic arm, the force borne by the main arm, the auxiliary arm and the telescopic arm is respectively calculated to obtain a dynamic change curve of the force borne by each component when the motion changes, and whether the safety requirement is met or not is judged according to the dynamic change curve.
For realizing the function, a programming language is needed to be used for designing a hoisting simulation mechanical module, a calculation program of the ground pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane and a calculation program of the bearing force of the suspension arm. In the hoisting process, the pressure of the automobile crane on the ground and the force applied to each component of the suspension arm are determined to be continuously changed, so that whether the force meets the safety requirement or not is judged according to the dynamic change curve, the most accurate judgment is realized, the force applied to a certain component of the suspension arm at a certain moment exceeds the safety requirement, and the suspension arm is greatly damaged if the suspension arm works for a long time.
S41, if collision occurs, adjusting the operation steps corresponding to the path diagram, if collision cannot be avoided, replacing the path diagram, and simulating again;
and S42, if no collision occurs and the pressure of the support legs of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm meet the safety requirements, recording the path diagram and the corresponding operation steps so as to guide the actual construction.
It should be noted that, because the performance of each model of the mobile crane is different, the force borne by the boom and the pressure of the support leg to the ground are different, the judgment is performed according to the performance parameters of the mobile crane. Whether a collision occurs and whether the magnitude of the force is within a safe range, both conditions are satisfied as much as possible.
In the embodiment, each path diagram corresponds to one or more operation steps, so that the path diagrams can be quickly adjusted if collision and other problems occur during simulation hoisting, and the simulation success efficiency is improved. Therefore, in the simulated hoisting process, whether collision occurs can be detected, the pressure of the supporting legs to the ground and the force borne by the hoisting arm can be calculated to ensure the construction safety, the obtained optimal hoisting path and the operation steps can well guide the actual hoisting.
In another embodiment, in the hoisting simulation construction method based on the BIM, during the hoisting process of the automobile crane is simulated according to the obtained operation steps, when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions, the influence of wind speed and wind direction on a hoisted object is added. Because the operation is performed in windy weather sometimes, the wind power has certain influence on the hoisting. For different hoisted objects, the influence degrees of wind power are certainly different, so that the simulation effect is closer to the situation of field construction if the influence of the wind speed and the wind direction on the hoisted objects is added in the process of simulating hoisting.
As shown in fig. 2, the hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM according to another embodiment of the present invention includes:
the building module 10 is used for modeling an automobile crane, a hoisting object and a scene component in the construction process;
the simulation display module 20 is used for fusing a crane model, a hoisted object model and a scene component model;
a station area determination module 30 for determining a station area of the mobile crane;
the path planning module 40 is used for planning a path from the starting position to the destination position of the hoisted object and planning N path graphs, wherein each path graph plans one or more operation steps, and N > is 1;
the collision detection module 50 simulates the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, detects whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with the scene structure when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions,
and the force calculation module 60 is used for calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm and judging whether the safety requirement is met.
In another embodiment, in the hoisting simulation construction system based on BIM, the force calculating module 60 includes: the pressure calculation module 61 is used for calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane to the ground; the boom borne force calculation module 62 is used for calculating the force borne by each component of the boom, and the judgment module is used for calculating whether the pressure or the borne force meets the safety requirement.
As described above, according to the method, the hoisting process of the automobile crane can be accurately simulated, the optimal hoisting path can be obtained, collision can be avoided, and the pressure of the supporting legs on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm are ensured to be within a safe range.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. It is therefore intended that the invention not be limited to the exact details and illustrations described and illustrated herein, but fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The hoisting simulation construction method based on BIM is characterized by comprising the following steps:
modeling an automobile crane, a hoisting object and a scene component in the construction process, marking the movable area of the automobile crane, and determining the station area of the automobile crane;
finding out the optimal station positions of the multiple automobile cranes by moving the station positions of the automobile cranes and adjusting the amplitude of suspension arms of the automobile cranes;
carrying out path planning on the starting position to the target position of the hoisting object to obtain N path graphs, wherein each path graph corresponds to one or more operation steps, and N > is 1;
simulating the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, detecting whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with a scene structure or not when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic action, calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm, and judging whether the safety requirements are met or not;
if collision happens, the operation steps corresponding to the path diagram are adjusted, and if the collision cannot be avoided, the path diagram is replaced and the simulation is carried out again;
if the collision does not occur and the pressure of the support legs of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arms meet the safety requirements, recording the path diagram and the corresponding operation steps so as to guide the actual construction.
2. The BIM-based hoisting simulation construction method according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm and judging whether the safety requirement is met specifically comprises the following steps:
when the automobile crane performs lifting, rotating, amplitude changing and stretching actions, the pressure of the supporting legs of the automobile crane on the ground is calculated to obtain a dynamic change curve of the pressure on the ground, and whether the safety requirement is met or not is judged according to the dynamic change curve;
the suspension arm of the automobile crane comprises a main arm, an auxiliary arm and a telescopic arm, the force borne by the main arm, the auxiliary arm and the telescopic arm is respectively calculated to obtain a dynamic change curve of the force borne by each component when the motion changes, and whether the safety requirement is met or not is judged according to the dynamic change curve.
3. The BIM-based hoisting simulation construction method according to claim 2, wherein path planning is performed from the starting position to the destination position of the hoisted object to obtain N path maps, each path map corresponds to one or more operation steps, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and carrying out priority differentiation on the obtained N path graphs, and dividing the N path graphs into a first recommended path, a second recommended path and a third recommended path until the Nth recommended path, wherein each operation step comprises a series of decomposed action steps.
4. The BIM-based hoisting simulation construction method according to claim 1, wherein the modeling of the crane truck, the hoisted object and the scene component in the construction process specifically comprises: judging whether matched sample models exist in an automobile crane model library, a hoisting object model library and a scene component model library or not according to the attribute information of the automobile crane, the hoisting object and the scene component, and if the matched sample models exist in the automobile crane model library, the hoisting object model library and the scene component model library, determining that the sample models are target three-dimensional models; and if the attribute information does not exist, establishing a target three-dimensional model according to the attribute information.
5. The BIM-based hoisting simulation construction method according to claim 1, wherein the determining of the automobile crane station area specifically comprises: and determining the maximum operation radius according to the farthest hoisting position of the hoisted object and the length, the maximum hoisting weight and the performance parameters of the automobile crane, and taking the part of the movable area of the automobile crane, which is superposed with the maximum operation radius, as the station area of the automobile crane.
6. The BIM-based hoisting simulation construction method according to claim 1, wherein the influence of wind speed and wind direction on hoisted objects is added when the automobile crane performs lifting, rotating, amplitude changing and stretching actions in the process of simulating the hoisting of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps.
7. The hoisting simulation construction system based on the BIM is applicable to the hoisting simulation construction method based on the BIM in claims 1-6, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the building module is used for modeling an automobile crane, a hoisting object and a scene component in the construction process;
the simulation display module is used for fusing the automobile crane model, the hoisted object model and the scene component model;
the station area determining module is used for determining the station area of the automobile crane;
the path planning module is used for planning a path from the starting position to the target position of the hoisting object and planning N path graphs, wherein each path graph plans one or more operation steps, and N > is 1;
the collision detection module simulates the hoisting process of the automobile crane according to the obtained operation steps, detects whether the suspension arm and the hoisted object of the automobile crane collide with the scene structure when the automobile crane performs hoisting, rotation, amplitude variation and telescopic actions,
and the force calculation module is used for calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane on the ground and the force borne by the suspension arm and judging whether the safety requirement is met.
8. The BIM-based hoisting simulation construction system of claim 7, wherein the force calculation module comprises: the pressure calculation module is used for calculating the pressure of the support leg of the automobile crane to the ground; the device comprises a force calculation module born by the suspension arm, a judgment module and a control module, wherein the force calculation module is used for calculating the force born by each component of the suspension arm, and the judgment module is used for calculating whether the pressure or the force born meets the safety requirement or not.
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| CN117574595A (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2024-02-20 | 广州市第三市政工程有限公司 | Intelligent construction method for selecting component hoisting equipment based on BIM technology |
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