CN112068024A - Fault detection method and fault detection circuit for three-phase alternating current source - Google Patents
Fault detection method and fault detection circuit for three-phase alternating current source Download PDFInfo
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- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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- G01R31/40—Testing power supplies
- G01R31/42—AC power supplies
Abstract
The application provides a fault detection method of a three-phase alternating current source, which comprises the following steps: acquiring the voltage of a three-phase alternating current source; judging the voltage difference between the current moment voltage and the last moment voltage of the three-phase alternating current source; when the voltage difference is negative and the voltage at the current moment is greater than a first threshold value, judging that the three-phase alternating current source is normal; when the voltage difference is negative and the difference value is greater than a second threshold value and the voltage at the current moment is less than a first threshold value, judging that the three-phase alternating current source is in a power failure state; when the voltage difference is negative and the difference value is smaller than a second threshold value, and the voltage at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source current is judged to be in a phase-failure state; and when the voltage difference is positive and the voltage at the current moment is greater than a third threshold value, judging that the three-phase alternating current source current is in an overvoltage state. The fault condition of the three-phase alternating current source is judged by comparing the rectified voltage values at two continuous moments, various fault modes such as power failure and phase failure in voltage reduction can be effectively distinguished and detected, and the accuracy is high.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of power electronics, and particularly relates to a three-phase alternating current source fault detection method and a fault detection circuit.
Background
The three-phase alternating current power supply is a common power supply mode and is widely applied to various high-power electric equipment and aviation power supplies. When the three-phase power supply has faults such as instantaneous power failure, phase failure, overvoltage and the like, a power failure fault signal needs to be reported to the rear-stage circuit, the rear-stage circuit can process the faults in time to prevent damage in a larger range, and meanwhile, normal undervoltage is not processed.
For example, when 50ms of common instantaneous power failure in an aviation power supply occurs, if a power failure signal cannot be sent to a subsequent circuit in time, a plurality of subsequent circuits which do not need to work when power failure occurs are cut off instantaneously, so that the power is too high, and the energy storage capacitor is not enough to support the whole circuit and can still continue to work within the time of 50 ms. Therefore, if the input power-down signal can be transmitted to the rear-stage circuit in time, the circuit which still needs to work when the power-down occurs can still continue to work, so that the pressure of the energy storage capacitor can be greatly reduced, the size and the weight of the whole power supply are reduced, and the method has very practical significance in the field of aviation power supplies. When the power supply has a phase loss or overvoltage fault, fault information also needs to be sent to the main control circuit, and the power supply is cut off in time to avoid larger faults. In addition, the power supply characteristic requirement also has a normal 70V undervoltage requirement, and the circuit also can normally work in undervoltage, so when the power failure happens, the difference between the power failure and the undervoltage also needs to be distinguished, and the condition that part of the circuit is also closed in normal undervoltage is avoided.
If each phase voltage is sampled and judged separately, on one hand, the complexity of the circuit is increased, on the other hand, no matter each phase circuit is judged or judged after rectification filtering, a plurality of cycles are needed to calculate the effective value of each phase voltage, the time is more than several milliseconds, even if a sampling digital filtering mode is the same, the real-time performance is not achieved when 50 milliseconds of power failure occurs, and therefore a three-phase alternating current source fault judging method with real-time sampling and rapid analysis is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present application is to provide a fault detection method and a fault detection circuit for a three-phase ac source, so as to solve or alleviate at least one of the problems in the background art.
In one aspect, the technical solution provided by the present application is: a fault detection method for a three-phase alternating current source is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the voltage of the three-phase alternating current source;
judging the voltage U at the last moment of the three-phase alternating current sourcei-1Voltage U at the present momentiVoltage difference Δ U of (d);
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and the voltage U at the current momentiIf the current is larger than the first threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source is judged to be normal;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is greater than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, judging that the three-phase alternating current source is in a power failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is smaller than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, determining that the three-phase alternating current source current is in a phase-failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is negative and the voltage U at the current momentiAnd if the current is larger than the third threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source current is judged to be in an overvoltage state.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first threshold is greater than the third threshold.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the method further comprises:
and repeatedly judging a plurality of periods of the three-phase alternating current source, and determining the fault mode of the three-phase alternating current source according to the judgment results of the plurality of periods.
On the other hand, the technical scheme provided by the application is as follows: a fault detection circuit for a three-phase ac source, the circuit comprising:
the three-phase rectification circuit is connected with the three-phase alternating current source and is used for converting the three-phase alternating current source into a direct current source;
the differential sampling circuit is connected to the three-phase rectifying circuit and is used for sampling voltage of the three-phase rectifying circuit to obtain a sampled voltage value;
the main control circuit is connected with the differential sampling circuit and judges according to the adopted voltage value obtained by the differential sampling circuit; wherein
Voltage U at the last moment of the three-phase AC sourcei-1Voltage U with the present momentiVoltage difference value delta U is positive and the current moment voltage UiIf the current is larger than the first threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source is judged to be normal;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is greater than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, judging that the three-phase alternating current source is in a power failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is smaller than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, determining that the three-phase alternating current source current is in a phase-failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is negative and the voltage U at the current momentiAnd if the current is larger than the third threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source current is judged to be in an overvoltage state.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the first threshold is greater than the third threshold.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the three-phase rectifier circuit includes:
the three-phase alternating current power supply comprises three rectifying circuits which are arranged in parallel, wherein each rectifying circuit comprises two diodes which are arranged in the same direction, and a three-phase alternating current source is connected between the two diodes; and
and the differential sampling circuit is connected to two sides of one resistor to obtain a sampling voltage value of the three-phase alternating current source.
In a preferred embodiment of the present application, at least one resistor is provided between each rectifier circuit and the three-phase ac source.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fault detection circuit repeatedly determines a plurality of cycles of the three-phase ac source, and determines the fault mode of the three-phase ac source based on the determination results of the plurality of cycles.
According to the three-phase alternating current source fault detection method, the fault condition of the three-phase alternating current source is judged by comparing the voltage values rectified at two continuous moments, various fault modes such as power failure and phase failure in voltage reduction can be effectively distinguished and detected, the phenomenon that the power cannot be started due to fault false alarm and circuit misoperation in voltage electrification is effectively avoided, and the detection method is reliable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions provided by the present application, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings. It is to be expressly understood that the drawings described below are only illustrative of some embodiments of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase ac source fault detection method according to the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase ac source fault detection circuit according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase ac source fault detection circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase ac source fault mode waveform.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
In order to solve the problem that when the three-phase alternating current source shown in fig. 1 has faults of power failure, phase failure, overvoltage and the like, the faults of power failure, phase failure, undervoltage, overvoltage and the like cannot be effectively distinguished in the prior art, and a fault signal is rapidly sent to a main control circuit or a rear-stage circuit so as to effectively ensure that a power supply normally works to avoid causing larger damage. The application provides a three-phase alternating current source fault detection method and a fault detection circuit.
As shown in fig. 2, the method of the present application performs determination by continuously sampling the rectified voltage values of two three-phase ac sources, and specifically includes:
firstly, acquiring the voltage of a three-phase alternating current source;
then, the voltage U at the moment of the three-phase AC source is judgedi-1Voltage U at the present momentiVoltage difference Δ U of (d);
when the voltage difference value DeltaU is positive (i.e. greater than zero) and the voltage U at the current momentiGreater than the first threshold value N1Judging that the three-phase alternating current source is normal;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive (namely larger than zero), the difference value delta U is larger than a second threshold value N2, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source is judged to be in a power failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive (namely larger than zero), the difference value delta U is smaller than a second threshold value N2, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source current is judged to be in a phase-failure state;
when the voltage difference value DeltaU is negative (i.e. less than zero), and the voltage U at the current momentiAnd if the voltage is larger than the third threshold value N3, the three-phase alternating current source current is judged to be in an overvoltage state.
In the present application, the first threshold N1, the second threshold N2, and the third threshold N3 are set according to respective failure modes, wherein the first threshold N1 is generally greater than the third threshold N3.
In the application, in order to improve the detection accuracy, whether a fault mode occurs or not can be determined by performing multiple times of detection and judgment on multiple power supply cycles.
It should be noted that, there is a certain difference between the under-voltage and the normal operating voltage, and this difference will not affect the use of the power supply under normal conditions, so when considering the under-voltage occurs in this application, it is the normal operation as well, therefore this application does not distinguish the under-voltage condition and judge. If the voltage which is lack of under-voltage is larger and is close to the voltage which is lack of power failure, the under-voltage condition can be judged by the method and the step of increasing the threshold value.
The method judges the fault condition of the three-phase alternating current source by comparing the rectified voltage values at two continuous moments, can effectively distinguish and detect various fault modes such as power failure, phase failure and the like when the voltage is reduced, effectively avoids the phenomenon that the power-on cannot be carried out due to fault false alarm and circuit misoperation when the voltage is electrified, and is reliable.
On the other hand, the application also provides a three-phase alternating current source fault detection circuit which mainly comprises a three-phase rectifying circuit, a differential adoption circuit and a main control circuit.
The three-phase rectification circuit is connected with the three-phase alternating current source and used for converting the three-phase alternating current source into a direct current source. The three-phase rectification circuit comprises three rectification circuits connected in parallel and at least one resistor connected in parallel with the rectification circuits, and each rectification circuit is internally provided with two diodes arranged in the same direction, such as a first rectification circuit formed by diodes D1/D4, a second rectification circuit formed by diodes D2/D5 and a third rectification circuit formed by diodes D3/D6 shown in fig. 3 and 4. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the number of resistors connected in parallel with the rectifying circuit is two, i.e., resistors R1/R2. In a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, at least one resistor is further provided between the three-phase ac source and the rectifying circuit of each line.
And the differential adoption circuit is connected with the three-phase rectification circuit and used for sampling voltage of the three-phase rectification circuit, and AD conversion is carried out on the adoption result to obtain a sampling voltage value which is used for being sent to the main control circuit.
And finally, the main control circuit is connected with the differential sampling circuit and judges the adopted voltage value obtained by the differential sampling circuit, and the judgment process is as follows:
voltage U at the moment of the three-phase ac sourcei-1Voltage U with the present momentiIs positive and the voltage at the present moment UiIf the current value is greater than the first threshold value N1, the three-phase alternating current source is judged to be normal;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is greater than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, judging that the three-phase alternating current source is in a power failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is smaller than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, determining that the three-phase alternating current source current is in a phase-failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is negative and the voltage U at the current momentiAnd if the current is larger than the third threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source current is judged to be in an overvoltage state.
It should be noted that, the differential sampling circuit in the fault detection circuit of the present application may be a sampling circuit in the prior art, and the main control circuit is a control circuit including a data processing chip, for example, the chip may be a PLC, a DSP, an FPGA, or a CPU, and the fault detection may be implemented by implanting the determination program of the above method into the chip.
For example, in the following examples:
firstly, timer interruption is carried out in a main control circuit, the following processes are carried out in a fixed short time interval, and variable initialization is completed: setting a counter i, setting a first threshold N1, a second threshold N2, and a third threshold N3;
step two, voltage sampling is carried out on the three-phase rectifying circuit through the differential sampling circuit, AD conversion is carried out on the sampling result, the detection result is sent to the main control circuit, the sampling voltage value is obtained, and the result is given to Ui(i ═ 0,1,2, …), and the value of i is accumulated once for each interrupt executed; realize the voltage value U at the last momenti-1Making a difference with the voltage value Ui at the current moment to obtain a voltage difference value delta U;
step three, comparing the voltage difference value delta U with zero: if the voltage difference value delta U between the voltage value at the current moment and the voltage value at the previous moment is larger than zero, the voltage is reduced, and the step four is executed; if the voltage difference value delta U is smaller than or equal to zero, the voltage is increased or unchanged, and a fifth step is executed;
step four, judging the current voltage U at firstiWhether the value size is smaller than a first threshold value N1 (power down threshold): if the voltage is less than the first threshold value N1, power failure and phase loss occur, executing a sixth step, and if the voltage is greater than the first threshold value N1, the normal operation is performed, and executing a second step;
step five, judging the current voltage U firstlyiWhether the value reaches the second threshold N2: if the present voltage U isiIf the voltage is not greater than the second threshold value N2, the circuit works normally, and the step two is executed; if the current voltage Ui is larger than the second threshold value N2, the circuit is over-voltage, and the step two is executed again;
and step six, at the moment, the voltage value is already reduced below a first threshold value N1, whether the voltage difference value delta U is larger than a third threshold value N3 or not is judged, if the voltage difference value delta U is larger than N3, the voltage is rapidly reduced, and a power failure fault occurs, and if the value delta U is smaller than a third threshold value N3, a phase failure fault occurs.
The application provides a three-phase AC source fault detection circuit, when judging the power failure, through judging voltage rise time, can effectively distinguish whether the circuit takes place to lack the looks or input undervoltage and excessive pressure to report the default phase trouble to the master control circuit, and can not do the processing to normal undervoltage. Therefore, fault reporting of phase loss, overvoltage and the like can be met, and due to the rapidity of detection, the power supply can be cut off in time after the fault occurs, and economic loss is reduced. In addition, the circuit can still be maintained to work normally when the system is under-voltage, so that the possibility of false alarm and false report is reduced.
The three-phase alternating current source fault detection circuit carries out AD sampling after rectifying conversion to the three-phase alternating current voltage, avoids independent sampling to each phase circuit, and effectively simplifies the detection circuit.
The three-phase alternating current source fault detection circuit does not perform filtering processing on the side of the rectifier circuit, does not perform judgment by methods of calculating an average value, an effective value and the like, but determines a real-time voltage value, and can judge whether power failure occurs or not at the highest speed. Valuable time is saved for maintaining the system in power failure, and the capacity of the capacitor can be effectively reduced, so that the volume and the weight of the whole system are reduced.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A fault detection method for a three-phase alternating current source is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring the voltage of the three-phase alternating current source;
judging the voltage U at the last moment of the three-phase alternating current sourcei-1Voltage U at the present momentiVoltage difference Δ U of (d);
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and the voltage U at the current momentiIf the current is larger than the first threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source is judged to be normal;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is greater than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, judging that the three-phase alternating current source is in a power failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is smaller than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, determining that the three-phase alternating current source current is in a phase-failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is negative and the voltage U at the current momentiAnd if the current is larger than the third threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source current is judged to be in an overvoltage state.
2. The method of fault detection for a three-phase ac source of claim 1, wherein the first threshold value is greater than the third threshold value.
3. The method of fault detection of a three-phase alternating current source of claim 1, the method further comprising:
and repeatedly judging a plurality of periods of the three-phase alternating current source, and determining the fault mode of the three-phase alternating current source according to the judgment results of the plurality of periods.
4. A fault detection circuit for a three-phase ac source, the circuit comprising:
the three-phase rectification circuit is connected with the three-phase alternating current source and is used for converting the three-phase alternating current source into a direct current source;
the differential sampling circuit is connected to the three-phase rectifying circuit and is used for sampling voltage of the three-phase rectifying circuit to obtain a sampled voltage value;
the main control circuit is connected with the differential sampling circuit and judges according to the adopted voltage value obtained by the differential sampling circuit; wherein
Voltage U at the last moment of the three-phase AC sourcei-1Voltage U with the present momentiVoltage difference value delta U is positive and the current moment voltage UiIf the current is larger than the first threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source is judged to be normal;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is greater than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, judging that the three-phase alternating current source is in a power failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is positive and is smaller than a second threshold value, and the voltage Ui at the current moment is smaller than a first threshold value, determining that the three-phase alternating current source current is in a phase-failure state;
when the voltage difference value delta U is negative and the voltage U at the current momentiAnd if the current is larger than the third threshold value, the three-phase alternating current source current is judged to be in an overvoltage state.
5. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the first threshold is greater than the third threshold.
6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the three-phase rectification circuit comprises:
the three-phase alternating current power supply comprises three rectifying circuits which are arranged in parallel, wherein each rectifying circuit comprises two diodes which are arranged in the same direction, and a three-phase alternating current source is connected between the two diodes; and
and the differential sampling circuit is connected to two sides of one resistor to obtain a sampling voltage value of the three-phase alternating current source.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein at least one resistor is provided between each rectifier circuit and the three-phase AC source.
8. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the fault detection circuit repeatedly determines a plurality of cycles of the three-phase AC source and determines the fault mode of the three-phase AC source based on the determination of the plurality of cycles.
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