CN112067627B - Method and device for detecting self-explosion source of toughened glass - Google Patents
Method and device for detecting self-explosion source of toughened glass Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 239000005341 toughened glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 13
- WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenenickel Chemical compound [Ni]=S WWNBZGLDODTKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N21/8901—Optical details; Scanning details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/8806—Specially adapted optical and illumination features
- G01N2021/8829—Shadow projection or structured background, e.g. for deflectometry
- G01N2021/8832—Structured background, e.g. for transparent objects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N2021/8909—Scan signal processing specially adapted for inspection of running sheets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N2021/8909—Scan signal processing specially adapted for inspection of running sheets
- G01N2021/891—Edge discrimination, e.g. by signal filtering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/88—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination
- G01N21/89—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles
- G01N21/8914—Investigating the presence of flaws or contamination in moving material, e.g. running paper or textiles characterised by the material examined
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- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of material detection, and particularly relates to a method and a device for detecting a self-explosion source of toughened glass. The method comprises the steps that two point light sources irradiate glass, if the glass contains defects, two spots are projected, pictures are obtained by shooting the two spots, plane coordinates of centers of the two spots are obtained by image processing of the pictures, and the positions of the defects in the thickness direction of the glass are calculated according to the distance between the centers of the two spots; when the defects are located in the range of 25-75% of the thickness direction of the glass, shooting the defects to obtain pictures, carrying out image processing on the pictures, judging the defect types according to the image processing results, and when the defect types are heterogeneous particles, marking the glass containing the defects. The invention can rapidly and accurately detect whether the self-explosion source causing the self-explosion of the toughened glass exists or not when the glass moves, and gives up the subsequent toughening treatment for the glass containing the self-explosion source, thereby obviously reducing the self-explosion of the toughened glass.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material detection, and particularly relates to a method and a device for detecting a self-explosion source of toughened glass.
Background
The glass surface is subjected to compressive stress and the inside is subjected to tensile stress by physical or chemical treatment, so that the toughened glass is obtained. The toughened glass is regarded as safe glass, and has high strength, good toughness and excellent thermal shock resistance, broken glass fragments have no obvious acute angle, and the toughened glass is widely applied to glass curtain walls and door and window engineering, but the toughened glass self-explosion is a fatal defect, and fragments generated by the self-explosion of the glass of the high-rise curtain wall occur when accidents of crashing vehicles and injuring pedestrians from high positions are caused, so that the toughened glass has become one of the focus problems of concern in various social circles.
Through continuous efforts of technological workers, heterogeneous particles in a glass plate are a 'culprit' for causing self-explosion of toughened glass, the self-explosion of the toughened glass is caused by that the sum of tensile stress caused by volume change of the heterogeneous particles and tensile stress generated during toughening exceeds the intrinsic strength of the glass, most of the particles are nickel sulfide, a small part of the heterogeneous particles such as elemental silicon, aluminum oxide and sodium metasilicate, the majority of the particles causing the self-explosion are in the range of 25% -75% of the thickness direction of the glass, and no bubbles are found to cause the self-explosion of the toughened glass, so that the self-explosion of the toughened glass is consistent with the theory of the self-explosion of the toughened glass. Because the size of the simple substance silicon, aluminum oxide and sodium metasilicate particles in the glass is generally larger than that of nickel sulfide particles, and the size of the simple substance silicon, aluminum oxide and sodium metasilicate particles is mostly in the detection range of a float glass online detector, most of glass containing the particles can be detected, and the next tempering processing treatment can not be carried out, so that the glass is in agreement with the lower self-explosion rate caused by the heterogeneous particles in actual work. The nickel sulfide particles are spherical in glass, and actual engineering statistics results show that the diameter of the nickel sulfide which causes the self-explosion of the toughened glass is mostly between 0.1 and 0.2mm, the nickel sulfide with the diameter of more than 0.2mm accounts for less than 10 percent, the nickel sulfide with the diameter of less than 0.1mm occurs but the number of the nickel sulfide particles is very small, and the nickel sulfide particle size is beyond the capability of the current float line on-line detection equipment.
According to the current national standard, the number of point defects with the diameter of 100mm of the superior product is not more than 3, the number of the point defects with the diameter of less than 0.3mm and more than or equal to 0.1mm is not limited, namely, the number of the point defects with the diameter of less than 0.3mm of each flat glass plate is as high as hundreds of the superior product, one self-explosion source can cause the breaking of the whole toughened glass, if any point defect can cause self-explosion, almost every glass can be self-exploded, and the statistical data of about 3 self-explosion of every thousand glass commonly accepted by the glass production industry is not consistent, so that most of the point defects can not cause self-explosion, and only few point defects can cause self-explosion of the toughened glass, but the prior art can not efficiently, rapidly, accurately and economically find out the defects which can cause self-explosion of the toughened glass with extremely small number.
Chinese patent CN 107976406a discloses a polarized light flexible screen and a method for detecting self-explosion source of toughened glass of existing building, the polarized light flexible screen comprises a diffuse refraction transparent body and a polaroid, the diffuse refraction transparent body and the polaroid are stuck together, and the diffuse refraction transparent body is made of flexible material. Covering the polarized light flexible screen on the outer side of the existing building toughened glass; scanning the toughened glass by using a scanner with a polaroid to obtain a stress image; and analyzing the stress image to find out stress concentration light spots.
Chinese patent CN 107632020A discloses a method for detecting self-explosion hidden trouble of toughened glass tableware and application thereof, which detects stress lines of toughened glass tableware, the closer the stress lines are to the center line of the cross section of toughened glass, the smaller the probability of self-explosion is, the further the stress lines are away from the center line of the cross section of toughened glass, the larger the probability of self-explosion is; the stress line is formed on the cross section of the toughened glass due to superposition of internal and external stress caused by wind pressure in the process of forming the toughened glass; the cross section of the toughened glass is a cross section perpendicular to the thickness direction of the toughened glass.
Chinese patent CN 111487191A discloses a method and a device for detecting hidden danger of self-explosion of tempered glass based on image processing, shooting glass under the irradiation of a light source to obtain a picture, performing image processing on the picture, and judging whether the picture is defect or not according to the result of the image processing; if the image is defective, a defective real image and a defective virtual image exist on the image, and the pixel distance 2d between the real image and the virtual image is obtained through image processing p Half d of the distance p Is the pixel distance of the defect centroid from the glass lower surface and marks the defect.
In the above patent CN 107976406A and CN 107632020A, toughened glass products are detected, stress concentration light spots or product self-explosion probability are detected according to stress, and the detected defective products can only be used as broken glass for furnace return, so that not only the cost of glass is lost, but also the cost required by glass toughening is also lost. Although CN 111487191A detects non-tempered glass, because the camera needs to capture a real image and a virtual image of a defect in the same picture in an inclined state, glass with different thickness needs to correspond to different object distances, and therefore, the detection can be realized by using an electric focusing lens, and the requirements on the camera are high, the manufacturing cost of equipment is high, and the difficulty is high.
At present, there is a need to provide a method for detecting a tempered glass self-explosion source, which significantly reduces self-explosion of tempered glass and marks defects causing self-explosion.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting a self-explosion source of toughened glass, which can rapidly detect whether a heterogeneous particle self-explosion source causing self-explosion of the toughened glass exists or not when the glass moves, mark the glass containing the self-explosion source and give up toughening treatment, and perform toughening treatment on the glass without the self-explosion source, so that the self-explosion rate of the toughened glass can be remarkably reduced, and the uncontrollable risk brought by self-explosion of the toughened glass is greatly reduced.
The invention relates to a method for detecting a self-explosion source of toughened glass, which comprises the following steps:
(1) The method comprises the steps that two point light sources irradiate glass, if the glass contains defects, two spots are projected, pictures are obtained by shooting the two spots, plane coordinates of centers of the two spots are obtained by image processing of the pictures, and the positions of the defects in the thickness direction of the glass are calculated according to the distance between the centers of the two spots;
(2) When the defects are located in the range of 25-75% of the thickness direction of the glass, shooting the defects to obtain pictures, carrying out image processing on the pictures, judging the defect types according to the image processing results, and when the defect types are heterogeneous particles, marking the glass containing the defects.
The distance between the two point light sources and the glass in the step (1) are determined according to the maximum glass width to be detected, so that the light emitted by the two point light sources covers the whole glass width and has a common irradiation area; the distance between the two point light sources is preferably 200-3000mm, and the distance between the two point light sources and the glass is preferably 200-3000mm.
The two point light sources in step (1) are preferably on the same horizontal plane.
The two point light sources in the step (1) irradiate the glass from the same side of the glass to the other side of the glass.
The glass in the step (1) is non-toughened glass.
The image processing in the step (1) is one or more of filtering processing, edge computing processing, image morphology processing and binarization processing.
The shooting in the step (2) is magnification shooting.
The device for the method for detecting the toughened glass self-explosion source comprises a working machine, wherein the working machine is respectively connected with a first industrial camera set, a second industrial camera set, a first electric linear guide rail module, a defect position marking device and a second electric linear guide rail module, glass is arranged on a conveying roller, a rear projection screen, the first industrial camera set, the second industrial camera set, the first electric linear guide rail module, the defect position marking device and the second electric linear guide rail module are arranged above the glass, the rear projection screen is parallel to the glass, the first industrial camera set is arranged above the rear projection screen, the second industrial camera set is connected with the first electric linear guide rail module, the defect position marking device is connected with the second electric linear guide rail module, the rear projection screen, the second industrial camera set, the first electric linear guide rail module, the defect position marking device and the second electric linear guide rail module are sequentially arranged from left to right, two point light sources and a lamp box are arranged below the glass, the two point light sources are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical center line of the rear projection screen, and the two point light sources are arranged right below the second industrial camera set and are arranged at the left side of the lamp box.
The first industrial camera group consists of N industrial cameras, the number N of the cameras is determined by the width of glass and the pixels of the cameras, 50-200 pixels per cm is preferable, and N is preferably 1-60; the N industrial cameras are arranged side by side, preferably the N industrial cameras are arranged side by side in the glass width direction, and the shooting range at least covers the whole rear projection screen.
The second industrial camera group is composed of M industrial cameras, M is preferably 2-5, M is more preferably 3, and M industrial cameras are arranged side by side, preferably M industrial cameras are arranged side by side in the moving direction. Because the glass moving speed is high, the cameras need to adopt fixed focal lengths, and because the thickness range of the glass which can be clearly imaged by each camera is smaller, a plurality of cameras with different focal lengths can be arranged, and the number of the cameras can meet that at least one clear photo is obtained when the defect passes through the camera group.
The first electric linear guide rail module consists of a guide rail, a sliding table and a motor. When the first electric linear guide rail module receives a position signal sent by the working machine, the sliding table on the guide rail can move to a designated position under the drive of the motor.
The second industrial camera group is fixed on the movable sliding table of the first electric linear guide rail module.
The second electric linear guide rail module consists of a guide rail, a sliding table and a motor. When the second electric linear guide rail module receives a position signal sent by the working machine, the sliding table on the guide rail can move to a designated position under the drive of the motor.
The defect position marking device is an electromagnetic ink-jet marker and is fixed on a movable sliding table of the second electric linear guide rail module.
The first electric linear guide rail module is a linear guide rail module driven by a stepping motor with 485 communication.
The second electric linear guide rail module is a linear guide rail module driven by a stepping motor with 485 communication.
The lamp box irradiates towards glass vertically.
According to the invention, two point light sources are arranged in the moving direction of one side of a glass plate, the distance between the two point light sources and glass are adjusted, so that light rays emitted by the two point light sources pass through the same area of the glass plate, the area can cover the whole width of the glass plate, when defective glass passes through the area, light rays from the two point light sources can be blocked, two spots are formed on a rear projection screen arranged on the other side of the glass plate, the position coordinates of the defect are rapidly measured, a camera is arranged right above the back of the rear projection screen, the camera captures the two spots into one frame of image, the central plane coordinates of the two spots are obtained through image processing, the position of the defect in the thickness direction of the glass is calculated according to the distance, if the defect is located in the range of 25% -75% of the thickness direction of the glass, a second industrial camera group is used for amplifying and shooting the defect to obtain a high-precision picture, the picture is used for judging whether the defect is a bubble or a heterogeneous particle, the subsequent tempering processing of the glass plate containing the heterogeneous particle is abandoned, and the position of the heterogeneous particle on the glass plate is marked manually, so that confirmation is carried out.
The invention relates to a method for detecting a self-explosion source of toughened glass, which comprises the following specific steps:
1. obtaining the position of the defect in the thickness direction of the glass
The glass plate or the continuous glass belt is positioned on the conveying roller, along with the uniform rotation of the conveying roller, the glass passes through the position of the rear projection screen at a uniform speed of 0.1-25m/min, two point light sources are arranged in the middle lower moving direction of the width direction of the glass, the light rays emitted by the two point light sources cross the glass plate below the rear projection screen and cover the whole width of the glass plate, and when the defective glass passes through the area below the rear projection screen, the light rays from the two point light sources are blocked to form two spots on the rear projection screen. The first industrial camera set is arranged side by N industrial cameras, the shooting range covers the whole rear projection screen, the working machine controls the first industrial camera set to shoot the rear projection screen according to fixed time intervals, and the time intervals ensure that two spots of each defect are shot. The first industrial camera group shoots spots formed by the defects and transmits the spots to the working machine, the working machine carries out filtering, edge calculation, image morphology and binarization operation on all or part of the pictures to obtain plane coordinates of centers of the two spots, the positions of the defects in the thickness direction of the glass are calculated according to the center distances of the two spots, when the defects are positioned in the range of 25% -75% of the thickness direction of the glass, the center points of the spots are connected with vertical projection points of corresponding point light sources on a rear projection screen, the intersection points of the two connection points are the positions of the defects in the plane of the glass, and the position coordinates and shooting time are sent to the working machine to carry out subsequent operation.
2. Judging defect type
After receiving plane position coordinates and photographing time, the working machine controls the first electric linear guide rail module to operate, the second industrial camera set is moved to the front of the defect to stop before the defect reaches the second industrial camera set, when the defect passes through the position right below M industrial camera lenses, photographing is sequentially carried out, the M lenses have different object distances, so that at least one clear defect picture can be obtained when glass plates with defects of different thicknesses pass through, the defect is subjected to image processing to obtain the type of the defect, and when the defect type is a bubble, the procedure is terminated, and the next defect is waited to be detected. When the defect type is heterogeneous particles, the position coordinates and photographing time are sent to a working machine, and subsequent operations are carried out on the defect type.
3. Marking
The defect is judged to be heterogeneous particles after the two steps, the defect is a self-explosion source, the glass sheet has high self-explosion probability after being toughened, and the working machine marks the glass sheet and does not carry out subsequent toughening treatment. And meanwhile, the working machine controls the second electric linear guide rail module to operate, the defect position marking device is stopped in front of the defect, and when the defect moves to the position right below the defect position marking device, the defect is subjected to ink-jet marking so as to be manually confirmed.
The detection method comprises three steps, namely, detecting the position of a defect in the thickness direction of the glass plate, amplifying the defect positioned in the range of 25% -75% of the thickness direction of the glass to judge whether the defect is a bubble or a heterogeneous particle, and marking the glass plate containing the heterogeneous particle positioned in the range of 25% -75% of the thickness direction of the glass. The third step may not ink jet mark the defective location, but the order of the three steps cannot be exchanged.
The detection method is invented according to years of statistical rules of defect characteristics of a flat glass production line, namely about 90% of defects are positioned on the upper surface and the lower surface of a glass plate, and the rest defects are positioned in the middle of the glass. According to the self-explosion theory of toughened glass and actual working experience, the surface defects can not cause self-explosion, and the self-explosion source can be found by detecting a small amount of defects in the glass plate, so that the method is the basis for rapid detection.
In general theory, if a point needs to be captured by a camera for stable imaging, theoretically at least 2 pixels are needed. For example, if a 1280X720 pixel global exposure CMOS camera is used, in order to display a defect of 0.1mm on a picture, it is corresponding to a width of 64mm and a length of 36mm of the glass plate, and this resolution is sufficient to determine the position of the defect in the direction of the thickness of the glass plate, but if it is to be determined whether the defect of 0.1mm is a bubble or a heterogeneous particle, the resolution is far from the requirement. In actual production, the plate glass to be detected is relatively wide, if the whole glass plate is detected according to the invention, a plurality of cameras are needed to splice and shoot, for example, the glass plate width of 3m is needed to be simultaneously operated according to the invention, if the defect type is judged firstly or the position in the thickness direction is judged simultaneously, at least 240 cameras are needed to simultaneously shoot, the principle of engineering economy and practicality is not met, and engineering implementation is almost impossible, and the method is also the reason that the defect is detected in the position in the thickness direction of the glass plate in the first step of the invention.
After the first step of glass inspection, the number of defects that need to be further inspected is greatly reduced. In order to judge whether the point defect as small as 0.1mm is a bubble or a heterogeneous particle, the length and the width of the point defect in each frame of picture are at least more than 10 pixels, and the plane position coordinate and time information obtained in the first step can be utilized to move a camera to conduct amplified photographing on the defect, so that the bubble or the heterogeneous particle is judged, the bubble is safer at any position in the thickness direction of the glass plate, the self-explosion probability is negligible, but the heterogeneous particle in the range of 25% -75% in the thickness direction of the glass has the risk of self-explosion, and the self-explosion probability is higher at the middle position.
And thirdly, marking the glass plate containing heterogeneous particles within the range of 25% -75% of the thickness direction of the glass according to the detection results of the first step and the second step without performing subsequent tempering processing, and marking the detailed positions of the heterogeneous particles of the self-explosion source.
The invention can rapidly detect whether the self-explosion source exists in the moving transparent flat glass plate or the continuous glass belt.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention can rapidly and accurately detect whether the self-explosion source causing the self-explosion of the toughened glass exists or not when the glass moves, and gives up the subsequent toughening treatment for the glass containing the self-explosion source, thereby obviously reducing the self-explosion of the toughened glass and greatly reducing the uncontrollable risk brought by using the toughened glass in high-rise buildings.
Compared with the existing detection technology, the invention can amplify and project the defects to the rear projection screen, the practice verifies that the detection rate of the point defects of 0.1mm reaches more than 98%, the detection precision is high, the distance between the rear projection screen and the camera is fixed and opposite, the requirement of the camera is low, and the manufacturing difficulty and the cost of equipment are greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a two-spot image of defect formation taken by the first industrial camera set of example 1;
FIG. 4 is the binarized picture of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a picture of bubble defects taken by the second industrial camera set of example 1;
FIG. 6 is the binarized picture of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a picture of heterogeneous particle defects taken by the second industrial camera set of example 1;
FIG. 8 is the binarized picture of FIG. 7;
in the figure: 1. a working machine; 2. glass; 3. a conveying roller; 4. rear projection; 5. a first industrial camera group; 6. a point light source; 7. a second industrial camera group; 8. the first electric linear guide rail module; 9. a defect position marking device; 10. the second electric linear guide rail module; 11. a lamp box.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the device of the method for detecting the self-explosion source of the toughened glass comprises a working machine 1, wherein the working machine 1 is respectively connected with a first industrial camera set 5, a second industrial camera set 7, a first electric linear guide rail module 8, a defect position marking device 9 and a second electric linear guide rail module 10, a glass 2 is arranged on a conveying roller 3, a rear projection screen 4, the first industrial camera set 5, the second industrial camera set 7, the first electric linear guide rail module 8, the defect position marking device 9 and the second electric linear guide rail module 10 are arranged above the glass 2, the rear projection screen 4 is parallel to the glass 2, the first industrial camera set 5 is arranged above the rear projection screen 4, the second industrial camera set 7 is connected with the first electric linear guide rail module 8, the defect position marking device 9 and the second electric linear guide rail module 10 are connected with each other, the rear projection screen 4, the second industrial camera set 7, the first electric linear guide rail module 8, the defect position marking device 9 and the second electric linear guide rail module 10 are sequentially arranged from left to right, two point light sources 6 and 11 are arranged below the glass 2, the two point light sources 6 and 11 are symmetrically arranged at the right side of the rear projection screen 11 relative to the central line of the two point light sources 4, and the two point light sources are arranged at the right side of the left side of the rear projection screen 11 and at the left side of the vertical light box 7.
The first industrial camera set is composed of 24 industrial cameras, and 24 industrial camera glass are arranged side by side in the width direction of the glass.
The second industrial camera group is composed of 3 industrial cameras, and the 3 industrial cameras are arranged side by side in the moving direction.
The first electric linear guide rail module consists of a guide rail, a sliding table and a motor. When the first electric linear guide rail module receives a position signal sent by the working machine, the sliding table on the guide rail can move to a designated position under the drive of the motor.
The second industrial camera group is fixed on the movable slipway of the first electric linear guide rail module.
The second electric linear guide rail module consists of a guide rail, a sliding table and a motor. When the second electric linear guide rail module receives a position signal sent by the working machine, the sliding table on the guide rail can move to a designated position under the drive of the motor.
The defect position marking device is an electromagnetic ink-jet marker and is fixed on a movable sliding table of the second electric linear guide rail module.
The first electric linear guide rail module is a linear guide rail module driven by a stepping motor with 485 communication.
The second electric linear guide rail module is a linear guide rail module driven by a stepping motor with 485 communication.
The method for detecting the self-explosion source of the toughened glass comprises the following steps:
1. obtaining the position of the defect in the thickness direction of the glass
The glass with the width of 1.5m is positioned on the conveying roller, along with the uniform rotation of the conveying roller, the glass passes through the position of the rear projection screen at a uniform speed of 5m/min, two point light sources are arranged on two sides of the central line of the rear projection screen below the glass, the distance between the two point light sources is 1000mm, the distance between the two point light sources and the upper surface of the conveying roller is 500mm, the upper surface of the conveying roller is 50mm from the rear projection screen, and at the moment, if the glass contains defects, two amplified spots appear on the rear projection screen above the glass. The method comprises the steps that 24 industrial cameras of a first industrial camera set are arranged side by side, a single shooting range is guaranteed to cover the whole rear projection screen, the first industrial camera set shoots the rear projection screen once every 20 seconds, a defect forming spot is shot and transmitted to a working machine, the working machine carries out filtering, edge calculation, image morphology and binarization operation on all or part of a picture to obtain center coordinates of two spots, the position of the defect in the thickness direction of glass is obtained according to the center distance calculation of the two spots, when the defect is located in the range of 25% -75% of the thickness direction of the glass, the center point of the spot is connected with a vertical projection point of a corresponding point light source on the rear projection screen, the intersection point of the two connection points is the position of the defect in the glass plane, and the position coordinates and shooting time are transmitted to the working machine for subsequent operation.
Two speckle pictures of defect formation and two binary pictures of the defect formation shot by the first industrial camera group are shown in fig. 3 and 4.
2. Judging defect type
After the working machine receives the position coordinates and photographing time, the first electric linear guide rail module is controlled to operate, the second industrial camera set is moved to the front of the defect to stop before the defect reaches the second industrial camera set, photographing is sequentially carried out when the defect passes through the positions right below the lenses of the 3 industrial cameras, the defect is subjected to image processing to obtain the type of the defect, and when the defect type is a bubble, the program is terminated and waiting for detecting the next defect. When the defect type is heterogeneous particles, the position coordinates and photographing time are sent to a working machine, and subsequent operations are carried out on the defect type.
The bubble defect picture and the binarized picture thereof shot by the second industrial camera set are shown in fig. 5 and 6, and the heterogeneous particle defect picture and the binarized picture thereof shot by the second industrial camera set are shown in fig. 7 and 8.
3. Marking
When the defect is heterogeneous particles, the defect is a self-explosion source, the glass sheet has high self-explosion probability after being toughened, the working machine marks the glass sheet, subsequent toughening treatment is not performed, meanwhile, the working machine controls the second electric linear guide rail module to operate, the defect position marking device is stopped in front of the defect, and when the defect moves to the position below the defect position marking device, the defect is subjected to ink-jet marking so as to perform manual confirmation.
Claims (8)
1. The method for detecting the self-explosion source of the toughened glass is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) The method comprises the steps that two point light sources irradiate glass, if the glass contains defects, two spots are projected, pictures are obtained by shooting the two spots, plane coordinates of centers of the two spots are obtained by image processing of the pictures, and the positions of the defects in the thickness direction of the glass are calculated according to the distance between the centers of the two spots;
(2) When the defect is located in the range of 25-75% of the thickness direction of the glass, shooting the defect to obtain a picture, performing image processing on the picture, judging the defect type according to the image processing result, and when the defect type is heterogeneous particles, marking the glass containing the defect;
arranging two point light sources in the moving direction of one side of the glass plate, adjusting the distance between the two point light sources and the glass, enabling light rays emitted by the two point light sources to pass through the same area of the glass plate, enabling the area to cover the whole width of the glass plate, blocking the light rays from the two point light sources when defective glass passes through the area, forming two spots on a rear projection screen arranged on the other side of the glass plate, and setting a camera right above the back of the rear projection screen for measuring the position coordinates of the defect, wherein the camera captures the two spots into one frame of image, obtains the central plane coordinates of the two spots through image processing, and calculates the position of the defect in the thickness direction of the glass according to the distance because the distance between the two spots and the distance between the defect and the upper plane of a roller way are in linear relation;
and (2) judging the defect type according to the image processing result, and performing enlarged photographing on the defect by using the plane position coordinates and the time information obtained in the first step to judge whether the defect is bubbles or heterogeneous particles.
2. The method for detecting a self-explosion source of tempered glass according to claim 1, wherein the distance between the two point light sources in the step (1) is 200-3000mm, and the distance between the two point light sources and the glass is 200-3000mm.
3. The method for detecting a self-explosion source of tempered glass according to claim 1, wherein the glass in the step (1) is non-tempered glass.
4. The method for detecting a self-explosion source of tempered glass according to claim 1, wherein the image processing in the step (1) is one or more of filtering processing, edge computing processing, image morphology processing and binarization processing.
5. The device for the detection method of the toughened glass self-explosion source according to any one of claims 1 to 4 comprises a working machine (1), and is characterized in that the working machine (1) is respectively connected with a first industrial camera set (5), a second industrial camera set (7), a first electric linear guide rail module (8), a defect position marking device (9) and a second electric linear guide rail module (10), a glass (2) is arranged on a conveying roller (3), a rear projection screen (4), the first industrial camera set (5), the second industrial camera set (7), the first electric linear guide rail module (8), the defect position marking device (9) and the second electric linear guide rail module (10) are arranged above the glass (2), the rear projection screen (4) is arranged in parallel with the glass (2), the first industrial camera set (5) is arranged above the rear projection screen (4), the second industrial camera set (7) is connected with the first electric linear guide rail module (8), the defect position marking device (9) is connected with the second electric linear guide rail module (10), the rear projection screen (4), the second electric linear guide rail module (8), the defect position marking device (9) and the second electric linear guide rail module (10) are arranged in sequence from left to right, two point light sources (6) and a lamp box (11) are arranged below the glass (2), the two point light sources (6) are symmetrically arranged relative to the vertical central line of the rear projection screen (4), the lamp box (11) is arranged right below the second industrial camera set (7), and the two point light sources (6) are arranged on the left side of the lamp box (11).
6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that said first group of industrial cameras (5) consists of N industrial cameras, N being 1-60, N industrial cameras being arranged side by side.
7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that said second set of industrial cameras (7) consists of M industrial cameras, M being 2-5, M industrial cameras being arranged side by side.
8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the defect position marking means (9) is an electromagnetic inkjet marker.
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