CN112066946A - Single-hole layered settlement measuring device and method suitable for indoor model test - Google Patents
Single-hole layered settlement measuring device and method suitable for indoor model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN112066946A CN112066946A CN202011014287.5A CN202011014287A CN112066946A CN 112066946 A CN112066946 A CN 112066946A CN 202011014287 A CN202011014287 A CN 202011014287A CN 112066946 A CN112066946 A CN 112066946A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C15/00—Surveying instruments or accessories not provided for in groups G01C1/00 - G01C13/00
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Abstract
The invention provides a single-hole layered settlement measuring device and a single-hole layered settlement measuring method suitable for an indoor model test, relates to the technical field of geotechnical models, and solves the problem that single-hole multi-position soil body layered settlement measurement is difficult to accurately realize in the prior art; the straight pipe structural member is vertically arranged, the straight pipe structural member is provided with at least two telescopic sections which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the straight pipe structural member, the outer wall of each telescopic section is fixedly sleeved with the settling plate which is horizontally arranged, and the bottom end of the straight pipe structural member is connected to the base; the inner hollow part of the straight pipe structural member is provided with the settlement pins which are vertically arranged integrally, the number of the settlement pins is consistent with that of the telescopic sections, the settlement pins and the telescopic sections are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the bottom ends of the settlement pins are fixedly connected with the telescopic sections. The invention can realize single-hole multi-position soil body layered settlement measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical models, in particular to a single-hole layered settlement measuring device and method suitable for an indoor model test.
Background
In western regions of China, natural climate environment changes violently, and soils with distinct characteristics such as frozen soil, collapsible loess and saline soil are widely distributed, cases of engineering accidents such as uneven settlement of foundation, collapse of deep foundation pit and instability of side slope caused by frost heaving of soil body in the construction of infrastructure in the region are rare, mainly because the freezing and thawing settlement amount of the soil body cannot be timely and accurately monitored, the deformation of the soil body cannot be effectively controlled, and therefore an accurate theoretical analysis method is difficult to establish to guide design, construction and the like. Therefore, it is important to explore the freeze-thaw settlement deformation of the soil body.
The field test period is long, the manufacturing cost is high, the operability is low, the influence factors are various, and the measurement effect is usually poor. The indoor model test has strong operability and repeatability, can better realize special working conditions and the like, is beneficial to researchers to systematically know the change rule and the like of a research object, and is widely applied and developed in the field of rock and soil.
The layered settlement of the soil body is used as an important soil property index for understanding, controlling the deformation of the soil body, theoretical analysis and the like, and how to accurately and reasonably measure the value of the layered settlement of the soil body is a necessary requirement for geotechnical research. The existing measuring method does not consider the influence of soil body freezing and thawing on soil layer settlement, does not consider the blocking influence of a settlement plate on water seepage around a settlement pipe, and usually adopts a multi-hole method to measure the settlement of the soil layer at different depths, so that a model with a small original size occupies a larger space to measure the vertical layered settlement at a certain point; a plurality of dial indicators are installed at the top end of the settlement rod to measure the settlement amount of soil layers at different depths, the spatial positions of the dial indicators are difficult to effectively arrange, so that the measuring result has more influence factors, larger error and lower precision, the measured data has lower reliability, and the settlement deformation of the soil layers is difficult to accurately reflect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to design a single-hole layered settlement measuring device and a single-hole layered settlement measuring method suitable for an indoor model test, and the single-hole multi-position soil body layered settlement measurement can be accurately realized.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the single-hole layered settlement measuring device and method suitable for the indoor model test comprise a straight pipe structural member, a settlement plate, a settlement pin and a base;
the straight pipe structural member is vertically arranged, the straight pipe structural member is provided with at least two telescopic sections which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the straight pipe structural member, the outer wall of each telescopic section is fixedly sleeved with the settling plate which is horizontally arranged, and the bottom end of the straight pipe structural member is connected to the base;
the inner hollow part of the straight pipe structural member is provided with the settlement pins which are vertically arranged integrally, the number of the settlement pins is consistent with that of the telescopic sections, the settlement pins and the telescopic sections are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the bottom ends of the settlement pins are fixedly connected with the telescopic sections.
When the structure is arranged, the straight pipe structural member is provided with at least two telescopic sections in the axial direction, the telescopic sections are used for enabling the straight pipe structural member to realize telescopic change on the whole length, the telescopic sections are sleeved with the settling plates, the settling needles which are vertically arranged are arranged in the straight pipe structural member, and the settling needles are connected with the telescopic sections and can react out the soil body settling volume at the connecting points. The structure is light and simple, single-hole multi-position soil body layered settlement measurement can be realized by connecting the settlement needle with the settlement measuring device, the space occupation in the measuring process can be reduced, the vertical layered settlement amount of a certain point position is prevented from being measured by adopting multiple hole positions, and the phenomenon of the measured soil body settlement amount distortion is reduced.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the straight pipe structural part comprises a sleeve, a settling pipe and a corrugated pipe; the settling tubes are arranged at least two, all the settling tubes are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the sleeve is in butt joint with the uppermost settling tube through the corrugated tube, and the adjacent settling tubes are in butt joint through the corrugated tube;
one of the bellows is sleeved with one of the settlement plates and connected with one of the settlement needles; the bottommost settling tube is connected to the base;
the pipe lengths between different settling pipes are equal or unequal.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the base is a disc structural member, and a screw platform which is used for being in threaded connection with the bottom end of the bottommost settling tube is arranged at the center of the top of the base.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the diameter of the base is five times of the outer diameter of the settling tube.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the bottom of sedimentation pipe sets up to the box, the top of sedimentation pipe sets up to the pin thread, telescopic bottom sets up to the box, the one end of bellows sets up to the pin thread, and the other end sets up to the box.
When the structure is arranged, the corrugated pipe and the sedimentation pipe are connected in a screwed mode to form a connecting joint structure of 'upper wrapping and lower embedding', and water inside the soil body can be effectively prevented from seeping into the sedimentation pipe.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the connection point of the settling needle and the corresponding corrugated pipe and the connection point of the settling plate and the same corrugated pipe are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
When the structure is adopted, the settlement amount of the connection point of the settlement needle and the corrugated pipe reflects the settlement amount of the soil body on the layer, and the connection point of the settlement needle and the corresponding corrugated pipe and the connection point of the settlement plate and the same corrugated pipe are arranged on the same horizontal plane, so that the measured settlement amount is more accurate.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the inner wall of the corrugated pipe is rigidly connected with a horizontally arranged rigid ring, and the settlement needle is fixedly connected with the rigid ring.
When the structure is adopted, the rigid ring rigid connection settlement needle can reflect the settlement variation of the soil body more accurately.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the settling plate is a disc structural member, and the diameter of the settling plate is three times of the outer diameter of the settling tube.
When the structure is adopted, the settlement amount of the soil layer around the settling tube can be effectively measured when the diameter of the settling plate is three times of the outer diameter of the settling tube.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the settlement plate is a permeable settlement plate which is provided with a through permeable hole.
When the structure is arranged, the sedimentation plate is provided with a plurality of water permeable holes, and water in the soil body around the upper surface and the lower surface of the sedimentation plate can be freely exchanged, so that the sedimentation change of the soil body around the sedimentation pipe is more in line with the actual sedimentation change rule of the soil body.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the sleeve is an anti-freezing sleeve, and low-temperature anti-freezing transparent grease is filled in the sleeve and can be kept in the sleeve.
When the structure is adopted, the anti-freezing sleeve realizes the accurate measurement of the layered settlement of the soil body under the freezing and thawing condition.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the anti-freezing sleeve is characterized in that penetrable yarn mesh fabrics sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve are arranged in the sleeve, the outer edges of the penetrable yarn mesh fabrics are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sleeve, the inner edges of the penetrable yarn mesh fabrics are fixedly connected with limiting rods, and the low-temperature anti-freezing transparent grease is arranged between the two penetrable yarn mesh fabrics.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the penetrable gauze cloth comprises two layers of gauze cloth and a layer of plastic film which is clamped between the two layers of gauze cloth.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a clamping groove, and the outer edge of the penetrable yarn mesh cloth is clamped in the clamping groove through a clamping ring; the inner edge of the penetrable gauze cloth is provided with an elastic rubber ring, and the inner edge of the penetrable gauze cloth is sleeved on the limiting rod through the elastic rubber ring.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the limiting rod is coaxially arranged with the sleeve, and is inserted into the sleeve and fixedly connected to the base;
the top end of the limiting rod is provided with a settlement measuring device, and the settlement measuring device comprises a rotary head, a measuring arm and a pull rope type miniature displacement sensor; the measuring arm is fixedly arranged on one side of the rotating head, the pull rope type micro displacement sensor is movably arranged on the measuring arm, the pull rope type micro displacement sensor can move along the radial direction at the measuring arm, and the pull rope type micro displacement sensor is detachably selected and connected with one of the sedimentation needles.
When the structure is adopted, the pull rope type micro displacement sensor can rotate around the axis of the sleeve along with the rotating head, can also move along the radial direction at the measuring arm, can be axially aligned and butted with any settlement needle at the inner side of the sleeve, and can effectively improve the measuring precision. And because the pull rope type micro displacement sensor can be connected with any settlement needle, only one pull rope type micro displacement sensor can be arranged to finish the accurate measurement of the single-hole multi-position soil body layered settlement, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of the measured soil body settlement amount distortion caused by the arrangement of a large number of instruments in the traditional test.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: the clamping device is characterized by further comprising a limiting clamping piece, wherein the limiting clamping piece comprises a limiting rubber piece, a U-shaped clamp spring and a clamping groove structure, the tail end of the U-shaped clamp spring is movably connected into the clamping groove structure, a stop block is arranged on the inner side of the clamping groove structure, the middle section of the U-shaped clamp spring can be clamped and fixed between the stop block and the clamping groove structure, and the head end of the U-shaped clamp spring is connected with the limiting rubber piece; the movable part of turning round with the miniature displacement sensor of stay cord formula is equallyd divide and is provided with one spacing clamping piece the draw-in groove structure, the middle section card of U type jump ring in when fixed between dog and the draw-in groove structure, belong to the turning round spacing rubber piece supports with the fixed part of turning round and supports and leans on the realization the fixing of turning round, belong to the spacing rubber piece of the miniature displacement sensor of stay cord formula with the turning round supports and leans on the realization the miniature displacement sensor of stay cord formula is fixed.
In order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted: limiting rings are fixedly arranged in the sleeve and the sedimentation pipe, and the limiting rings are movably sleeved on the limiting rods; the spacing ring is provided with a hole for the sinking needle to pass through.
When the structure is adopted, the limiting ring is fixedly connected with the sleeve and the sedimentation pipe and movably sleeved on the limiting rod, so that the sleeve and the sedimentation pipe can move along the axial direction of the limiting rod in a limited way, and the influence on the measurement precision caused by overlarge offset is avoided.
The invention also provides a single-hole layered settlement measuring method suitable for the indoor model test, and the single-hole layered settlement measuring device is adopted to complete single-hole layered settlement measurement of the indoor model test.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the straight pipe structural member is provided with at least two telescopic sections in the axial direction, the positions of the telescopic sections are specifically selected according to the measuring positions, the telescopic sections have the function of enabling the straight pipe structural member to realize telescopic change on the whole length, the telescopic sections are sleeved with the settlement plates, the straight pipe structural member is internally provided with the vertically arranged settlement needles, and the settlement needles are connected with the telescopic sections and can reflect the soil settlement amount at the connecting points. The structure is light and simple, single-hole multi-position soil body layered settlement measurement can be realized by connecting the settlement needle with the settlement measuring device, the space occupation in the measuring process can be reduced, the vertical layered settlement amount of a certain point position is prevented from being measured by adopting multiple hole positions, and the phenomenon of the measured soil body settlement amount distortion is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-hole layered settlement measuring device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-hole layered settlement measuring device at a rotary head;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the limiting clip at the rotary head;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a configuration of a single-hole layered settlement measuring device at a location where a screen cloth can be penetrated;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a configuration of a penetrable screen cloth;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-hole layered settlement measuring device at a limiting ring;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the arrangement at the stop collar;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a single-hole layered settlement measuring device at a corrugated pipe;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the settling plate;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the base;
labeled as:
1. a base; 2. a screw table; 3. a limiting rod; 4. a settling tube; 5. a limiting ring; 6. a rigid ring; 7. A settlement plate; 8. a setting pin; 9. a male buckle; 10. a female buckle; 11. a bellows; 12. a gauze cloth can be penetrated; 13. a snap ring; 14. an elastic rubber ring; 15. a sleeve; 16. hooking; 17. turning the head; 18. a pull rope type micro displacement sensor; 19. a wire; 20. a measuring arm; 21. a collar; 22. a limiting clamping piece; 23. a limiting rubber sheet; 24. a U-shaped clamp spring; 25. a slot structure; 26. water permeable holes; 27. and a stop block.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1:
the single-hole layered settlement measuring device suitable for the indoor model test can accurately realize single-hole multi-position soil layered settlement measurement, and is particularly arranged into the following structure as shown in figures 1-10:
the single-hole layered settlement measuring device is suitable for indoor model tests and comprises a straight pipe structural member, a settlement plate 7, a settlement needle 8 and a base 1. The straight pipe structural member is vertically arranged and provided with a through hole which is communicated up and down, the straight pipe structural member is provided with at least two telescopic sections which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the straight pipe structural member, and the embodiment takes the example of measuring the settlement amount of two soil bodies as an example, so that the straight pipe structural member is provided with two telescopic sections which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the straight pipe structural member. The straight tube structure can be regarded as a rigid structure everywhere except for the telescopic section which is telescopic, such as a structure composed of stainless steel tubes connected by a leather bag. The base 1 is a disc-shaped structural member, a raised screw platform 2 is arranged at the center of the top of the base, and external threads are processed on the screw platform 2.
In this embodiment, the bellows 11 is preferably used as the telescopic section, and specifically, the straight tube structure includes a sleeve 15, two settling tubes 4 and two bellows 11 coaxially disposed. The sleeve 15, the first section of corrugated pipe 11, the first section of settling pipe 4, the second section of corrugated pipe 11 and the second section of settling pipe 4 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The bottom and the top of sedimentation pipe 4 set up to box and pin thread respectively, and the bottom of sleeve 15 sets up to the box, and the bottom and the top of bellows 11 set up to box and pin thread respectively, and like this, sleeve 15, sedimentation pipe 4 and bellows 11 adopt the screw thread butt joint in proper order through the above-mentioned relation that sets up, and the spiro union forms the connector structure of "embedding under the upper bag" between bellows 11 and sedimentation pipe 4, can prevent effectively that the inside moisture seepage of the soil body from flowing into in the sedimentation pipe. The sedimentation pipe 4 positioned at the lowest part is fixed with the screw platform 2 through a female buckle in a threaded mode, and the diameter of the base 1 is preferably five times of the outer diameter of the sedimentation pipe 4 so as to provide better stability.
The outer wall of each corrugated pipe 11 is respectively sleeved with a disc-shaped sedimentation plate 7 which is horizontally arranged, and the inner ring of each sedimentation plate 7 is welded and fixed with the corrugated pipe 11. If the size of the settlement plate 7 is too large, the settlement at the target measurement position is greatly influenced by peripheral soil, which can cause inaccurate measurement value (because the designed device is a single-point settlement measurement device), if the size of the settlement plate is too small, the measurement result is greatly influenced by the device due to the arrangement of the corrugated pipe, the measured settlement is probably mainly vertical displacement generated by the settlement device under the action of gravity, therefore, the diameter of the settlement plate 7 is preferably three times of the outer diameter of the settlement pipe 4, and the settlement of the soil layer around the settlement pipe 4 can be effectively measured when the diameter of the settlement plate 7 is three times of the outer diameter of the settlement pipe 4.
The interior vacancy of sleeve 15 inserts has two whole vertical settlement needles 8 that set up, and the top of settlement needle 8 stretches out sleeve 15 and has couple 16, and the bottom of settlement needle 8 extends the bellows 11 department of corresponding degree of depth and forms the connected form of one-to-one with bellows 11, and the bottom of settlement needle 8 is formed with the horizontally bending segment, and this bending segment extends towards the inner wall of bellows 11, 8's of settlement needle of inner wall fixed connection end of every bellows 11.
For the accuracy of measurement, the connection point of the settlement needle 8 and the corrugated pipe 11 and the connection point of the settlement plate 7 and the same corrugated pipe 11 are arranged on the same horizontal plane, so that the settlement amount of the connection point of the settlement needle 8 and the corrugated pipe 11 reflects the settlement amount of the soil body on the layer, and the connection point of the settlement needle 8 and the corresponding corrugated pipe 11 and the connection point of the settlement plate 7 and the same corrugated pipe 11 are arranged on the same horizontal plane, so that the measured settlement amount is more accurate. Further in order to improve the measurement accuracy, a horizontally arranged rigid ring 6 can be welded on the inner wall of the corrugated pipe 11, and the end part of the bending section of the settling needle 8 is fixedly connected with the rigid ring 6 in a welding manner, so that the corrugated pipe 11 is rigidly connected with the rigid ring 6, the rigid ring 6 is rigidly connected with the settling needle 8, and the settling variation of the soil body can be reflected more accurately.
Preferably, in order to keep the measuring accuracy, a limiting rod 3 is arranged coaxially with the sleeve 15, the limiting rod 3 is inserted into the sleeve 15, and the bottom end of the limiting rod 3 is inserted into a screw hole in the center of the screw table 2 of the base 1 and is fixed in a threaded manner. And a limiting ring 5 is fixedly arranged in the sleeve 15 and the settling tube 4 respectively, the limiting ring 5 is of a spoke structure and comprises an outer ring, an inner ring and three wheel carriers arranged between the inner ring and the outer ring, the three wheel carriers are sequentially arranged at an included angle of 120 degrees, the inner end of each wheel carrier is used for fixing the inner ring, the outer end of each wheel carrier is used for fixing the outer ring, and the size of the inner ring of the limiting ring 5 is larger than the diameter of the limiting rod 3. The inner wall of the sleeve 15 is provided with a step or a clamping groove, the outer ring of the limiting ring 5 is fixed with the step or the clamping groove, the inner ring of the limiting ring 5 is movably sleeved on the limiting rod 3, and the space between the wheel frames is a hole for the sedimentation needle 8 to pass through. The limiting ring 5 is fixedly connected with the sleeve 15 and the sedimentation tube 4 and movably sleeved on the limiting rod 3, so that the sleeve 15 and the sedimentation tube 4 can move axially along the limiting rod 3 in a limited manner, and the influence on the measurement precision caused by overlarge offset is avoided.
The straight tube structure has two at least scalable sections in its axial, the position of scalable section is specifically selected according to the target measurement position, then the length of sedimentation pipe 4 should also carry out concrete design according to the target measurement position, scalable section's effect lies in enabling the straight tube structure can realize flexible change on whole length, the setting plate 7 is established to scalable section department cover, set up the subsider 8 of vertical setting in the straight tube structure, the subsider 8 is connected with scalable section and can reflects the soil body settlement volume of junction department, if be provided with three in the sleeve 15, four, when six subsiders, then the subsider evenly around circumference distribution in. The structure is light and simple, single-hole multi-position soil body layered settlement measurement can be realized by connecting the settlement needle 8 with the settlement measuring device arranged at other positions, the space occupation in the measuring process can be reduced, the vertical layered settlement amount of a certain point position is prevented from being measured by adopting multiple hole positions, and the measured soil body settlement amount distortion is reduced.
Example 2:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiment, and in order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted:
the sleeve 15 is an anti-freezing sleeve, low-temperature anti-freezing transparent grease is filled in the sleeve 15, two pieces of penetrable yarn mesh fabrics 12 are sequentially arranged in the sleeve 15 along the axial direction of the sleeve, and the low-temperature anti-freezing transparent grease is filled in a space between the two pieces of penetrable yarn mesh fabrics 12. The penetrable yarn mesh cloth 12 comprises two layers of yarn mesh cloth and a layer of plastic film which is internally clamped between the two layers of yarn mesh cloth pieces, the yarn mesh cloth can be easily penetrated by the settling needle 8 and the limiting rod 3, the yarn mesh cloth, the settling needle 8 and the penetrable yarn mesh cloth 12 have smaller friction force by utilizing the lubricating effect of the low-temperature anti-freezing transparent grease, and the measuring accuracy can be improved. The next plastic film that can penetrate through the screen cloth 12 is used to weight-bear the low temperature frost-resistant clear grease to maintain its position, and the last plastic film that can penetrate through the screen cloth 12 covers the low temperature frost-resistant clear grease. The inner wall of the sleeve 15 is provided with an annular clamping groove, the outer edge of the penetrable yarn mesh cloth 12 is clamped in the annular clamping groove through a clamping ring 13, the inner edge of the penetrable yarn mesh cloth 12 is provided with an elastic rubber ring 14, and the inner edge of the penetrable yarn mesh cloth 12 is sleeved on the limiting rod 3 through the elastic rubber ring 14. The anti-freezing sleeve realizes the accurate measurement of the layered settlement of the soil body under the freezing and thawing condition.
Example 3:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiment, and in order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted:
the top end of the limiting rod 3 is provided with a settlement measuring device which comprises a rotary head 17, a measuring arm 20 and a pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18. The swivel 17 has a fixed part and a movable part, the movable part and the fixed part can relatively rotate, the fixed part is sleeved on the top end of the limiting rod 3 and is fixedly screwed with the top end, and the movable part can rotate around the axis of the limiting rod 3. A radially extending measuring arm 20 is fixed on the outer side of the swivel 17, the measuring arm 20 is provided with a through chute, a lantern ring 21 is installed in the chute, a pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 is installed at the bottom of the lantern ring 21, the pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 can move in the chute along the radial direction, and the pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 is connected with a lead 19 communicating with the outside. The pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 can be selectively connected with one settling needle 8, and the pull rope barb of the pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 is connected with the hook 16 at the top end of the settling needle 8 during connection.
In order to fix the orientation of the swivel 17 and the orientation of the pull-cord type micro-displacement sensor 18, a limit clip 22 is respectively arranged on the swivel 17 and the pull-cord type micro-displacement sensor 18.
Spacing clamping piece 22 includes spacing sheet rubber 23, U type jump ring 24 and a draw-in groove structure 25, and the tail end swing joint of U type jump ring 24 can accomplish the action of stirring in draw-in groove structure 25, and draw-in groove structure 25 inboard is provided with a pair of dog 27, has certain clearance between the bottom of dog 27 and draw-in groove structure 25, and U type jump ring 24 can be held in this clearance, and the interval between two dogs 27 is less than the width of U type jump ring 24. The middle section of the U-shaped clamp spring 24 can be clamped between the stop block 27 and the clamping groove structure 25 to be fixed, and the head end of the U-shaped clamp spring 24 is connected with the limiting rubber sheet 23. The movable part of the swivel 17 and the pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 are respectively provided with a corresponding clamping groove structure 25 of one limiting clamping piece 22, when the middle section of the U-shaped clamping spring 24 is clamped between the stop block 27 and the clamping groove structure 25 to be fixed, the limiting rubber sheet 23 belonging to the swivel 17 and the fixed part of the swivel 17 are abutted against to realize the fixation of the swivel 17, the limiting rubber sheet 23 belonging to the pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 and the swivel 17 are abutted against to realize the fixation of the pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18, and the movement of the swivel 17 and the pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 can be realized as long as the U-shaped clamping spring 24 is turned to separate the limiting rubber sheet 23 from contact.
The pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 can rotate around the axis of the sleeve 15 along with the rotating head 17, can also move along the radial direction at the measuring arm 20, can be axially aligned and butted with any settlement needle 8 at the inner side of the sleeve 15, and can effectively improve the measuring precision. And because the pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 can be connected with any settlement needle 8, only one pull rope type micro displacement sensor 18 can be arranged to finish the accurate measurement of the single-hole multi-position soil body layered settlement, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the measured soil body settlement is distorted in the traditional test because a large number of instruments are arranged.
Example 4:
the embodiment is further optimized on the basis of the above embodiment, and in order to further better implement the invention, the following arrangement structure is particularly adopted:
the sedimentation plate 7 is a water permeable sedimentation plate, the sedimentation plate 7 is provided with through water permeable holes 26, and the water permeable holes 26 are densely distributed on the sedimentation plate 7. The sedimentation plate 7 is provided with a plurality of water permeable holes 26, and the water in the soil around the upper surface and the lower surface of the sedimentation plate 7 can be freely exchanged, so that the sedimentation change of the soil around the sedimentation pipe 4 is more in line with the actual sedimentation change rule of the soil.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a single-hole layered settlement measuring method suitable for an indoor model test on the basis of the above embodiment, and the measuring method adopts the single-hole layered settlement measuring device in embodiment 4 to complete single-hole layered settlement measurement of the indoor model test.
During measurement, the device is arranged in a soil body, the number of the settling tubes 4 and the number of the corrugated tubes 11 are selected according to needs, and the length of each settling tube 4 is specifically designed according to a target measurement position.
The embodiment fully considers the defects of the prior art, and can realize single-hole measurement of layered settlement amount of the soil body under the freezing and thawing condition, free exchange of water of the soil body above and below the settlement plate, accurate measurement of the settlement amount and the like. The device has the advantages of simple structure, easy operation, low manufacturing cost and accurate and reliable measured data.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. Single-hole layering settlement measuring device suitable for indoor model test, its characterized in that: comprises a straight pipe structural member, a settlement plate (7), a settlement pin (8) and a base (1);
the straight pipe structural member is vertically arranged, the straight pipe structural member is provided with at least two telescopic sections which are sequentially arranged in the axial direction of the straight pipe structural member, the outer wall of each telescopic section is fixedly sleeved with the settling plate (7) which is horizontally arranged, and the bottom end of the straight pipe structural member is connected to the base (1);
the inner hollow part of the straight pipe structural part is provided with the whole vertical setting of the settlement needle (8), the settlement needle (8) and the number of the telescopic sections are consistent and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner, and the bottom end of the settlement needle (8) is fixedly connected with the telescopic sections.
2. The single-hole layered settlement measurement device suitable for the indoor model test of claim 1, wherein: the straight pipe structural part comprises a sleeve (15), a settling pipe (4) and a corrugated pipe (11); the settling tubes (4) are at least two, all the settling tubes (4) are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the sleeve (15) is in butt joint with the uppermost settling tube (4) through the corrugated tube (11), and the adjacent settling tubes (4) are in butt joint through the corrugated tube (11);
one of the corrugated pipes (11) is sleeved with one of the settlement plates (7) and connected with one of the settlement needles (8); the bottommost settling tube (4) is connected to the base (1);
the lengths of the pipes among the settling pipes (4) are equal or unequal.
3. The single-hole layered settlement measurement device suitable for the indoor model test of claim 2, wherein: the connection point of the settlement needle (8) and the corresponding corrugated pipe (11) and the connection point of the settlement plate (7) and the same corrugated pipe (11) are positioned on the same horizontal plane.
4. The single-hole layered settlement measurement device suitable for the indoor model test of claim 3, wherein: the inner wall of the corrugated pipe (11) is rigidly connected with a horizontally arranged rigid ring (6), and the settling needle (8) is fixedly connected with the rigid ring (6).
5. The single-hole layered settlement measurement device suitable for the indoor model test of claim 1, wherein: the sedimentation plate (7) has water-permeable holes (26) therethrough.
6. The single-hole layered settlement measurement device suitable for the indoor model test of claim 2, wherein: the sleeve (15) is filled with low-temperature antifreezing transparent grease, and the low-temperature antifreezing transparent grease can be kept in the sleeve (15).
7. The single-hole layered settlement measurement device suitable for the indoor model test of claim 6, wherein: the anti-freezing sleeve is characterized in that penetrable yarn mesh fabrics (12) sequentially arranged along the axial direction of the sleeve are arranged in the sleeve (15), the outer edges of the penetrable yarn mesh fabrics (12) are fixedly connected with the inner wall of the sleeve (15), the inner edges of the penetrable yarn mesh fabrics (12) are connected with limiting rods (3), and the low-temperature anti-freezing transparent grease is arranged between the two penetrable yarn mesh fabrics (12).
8. The single-hole layered settlement measurement device suitable for indoor model test according to claim 2, 3, 4, 6 or 7, wherein: the limiting device is characterized by further comprising a limiting rod (3) which is coaxial with the sleeve (15), wherein the limiting rod (3) is inserted into the sleeve (15) and is fixedly connected to the base (1);
the top end of the limiting rod (3) is provided with a settlement measuring device, and the settlement measuring device comprises a rotary head (17), a measuring arm (20) and a pull rope type micro displacement sensor (18); the rotary head (17) is installed on the top end of the limiting rod (3) and can rotate around the axis of the limiting rod (3), the measuring arm (20) is fixedly installed on one side of the rotary head (17), the pull rope type micro displacement sensor (18) is movably installed on the measuring arm (20), the pull rope type micro displacement sensor (18) can move along the radial direction at the position of the measuring arm (20), and the pull rope type micro displacement sensor (18) is detachably selected and connected with one of the sedimentation needles (8).
9. The single-hole layered settlement measurement device suitable for the indoor model test of claim 8, wherein: a limiting ring (5) is fixedly arranged in the sleeve (15) and the sedimentation pipe (4), and the limiting ring (5) is movably sleeved on the limiting rod (3); the limiting ring (5) is provided with a hole for the sinking needle (8) to pass through.
10. The single-hole layered settlement measurement method suitable for the indoor model test is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the single-hole layered settlement measurement of the indoor model test is completed by using the single-hole layered settlement measurement device of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| US20210270685A1 (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-09-02 | Shenzhen University | Optical fiber sensing monitoring device for soil settlement and settlement amount measurement method |
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