CN112066919A - Method for accurately measuring growth of forest trees - Google Patents
Method for accurately measuring growth of forest trees Download PDFInfo
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- CN112066919A CN112066919A CN202010953653.7A CN202010953653A CN112066919A CN 112066919 A CN112066919 A CN 112066919A CN 202010953653 A CN202010953653 A CN 202010953653A CN 112066919 A CN112066919 A CN 112066919A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B15/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons
- G01B15/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electromagnetic waves or particle radiation, e.g. by the use of microwaves, X-rays, gamma rays or electrons for measuring thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0035—Measuring of dimensions of trees
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N23/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00
- G01N23/02—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material
- G01N23/04—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material
- G01N23/046—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of wave or particle radiation, e.g. X-rays or neutrons, not covered by groups G01N3/00 – G01N17/00, G01N21/00 or G01N22/00 by transmitting the radiation through the material and forming images of the material using tomography, e.g. computed tomography [CT]
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Abstract
A method for accurately measuring the growth of trees relates to a measuring method, in particular to a method for accurately measuring the growth of trees. The invention aims to solve the problems of wood waste, low measurement precision, large error and single data in the conventional method for measuring the growth rule of the forest. The method comprises the following specific steps: step one, scanning trees from top to bottom by using an industrial CT machine; step two, arranging the information obtained by scanning the trees in the step one into a digital matrix after being processed by a computer, and storing the digital matrix in a magnetic disk; inputting the digital matrix in the step three into a digital-to-analog converter, converting each digit in the digital matrix into pixels with different gray scales from black to white, and arranging the pixels according to the matrix to form a CT image; and step four, extracting data of annual rings and tree heights in the image of the whole trunk, and drawing a forest growth curve graph. The invention belongs to the field of forestry.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a measuring method, in particular to a method for accurately measuring the growth of forest trees, and belongs to the field of forestry.
Background
In the forestry research process, the growth rule of a forest is the most important index for describing a forest stand, and the conventional method comprises the steps of sample plot investigation, standard wood calculation, cutting and analyzing wood, fitting data by software and simulating the growth of trees. When the conventional method is adopted for measurement, three defects exist: firstly, the tree cutting of the resolved tree needs to be directly carried out, the tree cutting approval procedure is complex, and the tree making of the resolved tree cannot make wood, so that the tree is relatively wasted; secondly, when the tree data is analyzed and calculated, growth data of each year cannot be obtained, the calculation is carried out according to an interpolation method, and the annual growth amount of the trees cannot be completely reflected, so that when the growth amount of the trees with the large forest age is measured, the precision is reduced, and the error is increased; and thirdly, only the growth quantities of the tree height and the breast diameter can be obtained, and the data is single.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for accurately measuring the growth of trees, aiming at solving the problems of wood waste, low measurement precision, large error and single data of the conventional method for measuring the growth rule of trees.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, scanning trees from top to bottom by using an industrial CT machine;
step two, arranging the information obtained by scanning the trees in the step one into a digital matrix after being processed by a computer, and storing the digital matrix in a magnetic disk;
inputting the digital matrix in the step three into a digital-to-analog converter, converting each digit in the digital matrix into pixels with different gray scales from black to white, and arranging the pixels according to the matrix to form a CT image;
and step four, extracting data of annual rings and tree heights in the image of the whole trunk, and drawing a forest growth curve graph.
Further, in the first step, the trees are scanned from top to bottom by an industrial CT machine according to the layer with the thickness of 0.1 mm.
Furthermore, in the first step, the detector receives the X-ray transmitted through the layer, and after the X-ray is converted into visible light, the X-ray is converted into an electrical signal by the photoelectric converter, and then the electrical signal is converted into a digital signal by the analog/digital converter, and the digital signal is processed by VGS tuning MAX software.
Furthermore, in the third step, each digit in the digital matrix is converted into small squares with different gray scales from black to white, namely pixels, through a digital/analog converter, and the small squares are arranged according to the matrix to form a CT image, and the layer scanning forms point cloud data of x and y coordinate values to form a two-dimensional tomographic image; and all the layer sets are x, y and z value point cloud data to form a three-dimensional image.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method not only can accurately obtain the growth data of the breast-height and the tree height of the tree every year, but also can obtain the data information of the forming process of the knots in the trunk; the technology adopts live stumpage detection, does not need to cut the analytic wood, and causes wood waste; according to the technology, CT scanning is carried out on the trunk every 0.1mm, the obtained data volume is large, the accuracy is high, and the growth data of the forest can be accurately obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an industrial CT machine scanning a tree;
in the figure, 1-X-ray focus of an industrial CT machine, 2-dimensional beam, 3-tree, 4-flat panel detector, 5-imaging plane and 6-rotating table.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1, and the method for accurately measuring forest tree growth in the embodiment is implemented by the following steps:
step one, scanning trees from top to bottom by using an industrial CT machine;
step two, arranging the information obtained by scanning the trees in the step one into a digital matrix after being processed by a computer, and storing the digital matrix in a magnetic disk;
inputting the digital matrix in the step three into a digital-to-analog converter, converting each digit in the digital matrix into pixels with different gray scales from black to white, and arranging the pixels according to the matrix to form a CT image;
and step four, extracting data of annual rings and tree heights in the image of the whole trunk, and drawing a forest growth curve graph.
Industrial CT machine refers to industrial computer tomography device
The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1, the first step of the method for accurately measuring the growth of trees in the present embodiment is to scan the trees from top to bottom by an industrial CT machine according to a layer with a thickness of 0.1 mm.
The third concrete implementation mode: referring to fig. 1, the first step of the method for accurately measuring forest tree growth according to the present embodiment is that a detector receives X-rays transmitted through the bedding surface, the X-rays are converted into visible light, the visible light is converted into an electrical signal by a photoelectric converter, the electrical signal is converted into a digital signal by an analog/digital converter, and the digital signal is processed by VGS tudio MAX software.
The VGS tuning MAX software in this embodiment is software for generating a Volume model from Volume data such as CT and MRI by VGStudio and VGStudio of Volume Graphics.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: in the third step of the method for accurately measuring forest tree growth according to the present embodiment, each digit in the digital matrix is converted into small blocks with different gray scales from black to white, i.e., pixels, through a digital/analog converter, and the small blocks are arranged according to the matrix to form a CT image, and a layer scan forms point cloud data of x and y coordinate values to form a two-dimensional tomographic image; and all the layer sets are x, y and z value point cloud data to form a three-dimensional image.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (4)
1. A method for accurately measuring forest tree growth is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for accurately measuring the growth of the forest trees is realized by the following steps:
step one, scanning trees from top to bottom by using an industrial CT machine;
step two, arranging the information obtained by scanning the trees in the step one into a digital matrix after being processed by a computer, and storing the digital matrix in a magnetic disk;
inputting the digital matrix in the step three into a digital-to-analog converter, converting each digit in the digital matrix into pixels with different gray scales from black to white, and arranging the pixels according to the matrix to form a CT image;
and step four, extracting data of annual rings and tree heights in the image of the whole trunk, and drawing a forest growth curve graph.
2. The method for accurately measuring forest tree growth according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the trees are scanned from top to bottom according to the layer with the thickness of 0.1mm by using an industrial CT machine.
3. The method for accurately measuring forest tree growth according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the first step, the detector receives the X-ray penetrating through the layer, the X-ray is converted into visible light, the visible light is converted into an electric signal by the photoelectric converter, the electric signal is converted into a digital signal by the analog/digital converter, and the digital signal is processed by VGS tuner MAX software.
4. The method for accurately measuring forest tree growth according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, each digit in the digital matrix is converted into small squares with different gray scales from black to white, namely pixels, through a digital/analog converter, and the small squares are arranged according to the matrix to form a CT image, and the layer scanning forms point cloud data of x and y coordinate values to form a two-dimensional tomographic image; and all the layer sets are x, y and z value point cloud data to form a three-dimensional image.
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2020
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